भारतीय मानक IS 16723 : 2020
Indian Standard
ताला सयं ोजन के लिए विशिष्टि
( पहला पनु रीक्षण )
Combination Lock — Specification
( First Revision )
ICS 13.310
© BIS 2020
भारतीय मानक ब्रयू ो
B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S TA N D A R D S
मानक भवन, 9 बहादरु शाह ज़फर मार्ग, नई िदल्ली – 110002
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI-110002
www.bis.gov.in
www.standardsbis.in
December 2020 Price Group 4
Security Equipment Sectional Committee, MED 24
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized
by the Security Equipment Sectional Committee had been approved by the Mechanical Engineering Divisional
Council.
This standard is used to test the ability of Mechanical Combination Locks to resist unauthorized opening of the
Combination Locks by sense of sight, touch, or hearing. Combination locks covered by these requirements may
or may not have integral protection against entry by force.
A product that contains features, characteristics, components, materials, or systems new or different from those
covered by the requirements in this standard, and that involves a risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons
shall be evaluated using the appropriate additional component and end-product requirements to determine that the
level of safety as originally anticipated by the intent of this standard is maintained.
In the formulation of this standard considerable assistance has been taken from UL 768:1999 COMBINATION
LOCKS.
This standard was first published in 2018 and is revised in 2020. The major changes in this revision are:
a) Classification of combination locks is modified to remove class-A with Radiological Resistance.
b) The remaining categories are re-arranged as Class-I, II & III, in increasing order of security.
c) Requirement of test for Radiological resistance is removed.
d) Total number of samples required for testing is revised in line with test requirements.
e) Operation test and manipulation test are specified separately.
f) Environmental conditions for cooling after aging-stress distortion test and drying after moisture
absorption test are modified to suit Indian conditions.
g) New clause added for specifying re-testing frequency.
h) Exception removed and a note added to simplify the requirement of date marking location.
The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given in Annex B.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final
value observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test, should be rounded off in accordance with
IS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised )’. The number of significant places retained in the
rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
IS 16723 : 2020
Indian Standard
COMBINATION LOCK — SPECIFICATION
( First Revision )
1 SCOPE 3.3 Fence — A part of lever (see 3.5) projecting across
the periphery of the wheels that fit into the wheel gates,
1.1 This standard covers the requirement of combination permitting the lever nose to engage in the drive cam.
locks intended for attachment on door of Safes, Chests,
Vault Doors etc., to provide a means of locking the 3.4 Gate — The cutout in the periphery of the tumbler
bolt work which restrict the opening other than by that is engaged by the fence on the lever assembly.
authorized person.
3.5 Lever (Drop Lever)
2 REFERENCE a) Connects bolt and drive cam during lock operation.
The following standard contains provision, which b) Serves to retract the bolt when the proper
through reference in this text constitutes provision of combination has been aligned.
this standard. At the time of publication, the edition c) The drop lever attaches to the bolt via a pivot
indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision screw or post. Attached to the lever is a fence
and parties to agreements based on this standard is (see 3.3) that drops into the wheel gate when
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying they are correctly aligned. The nose of the drop
the most recent edition of the standard indicated below: lever rides on the drive cam, dropping into a gate
in the drive cam when the wheels are correctly
IS No. Title positioned. When the combination wheels of the
IS 9844 Methods of testing corrosion resistance lock are properly aligned, the fence of the lever
of electroplated and anodized aluminium enters the wheel pack only after the drive cam gate
coatings by neutral salt spray test is positioned at the lever nose. Once the lever nose
has entered the drive cam gate and the lever fence
3 TERMINOLOGY has entered into the wheel gates, the locking,
For the purpose of this standard the following definitions or blocking bolt of the lock is capable of being
apply and the terms are illustrated in the Fig. 1. withdrawn by further rotation of the lock dial.
3.6 Tumbler Pack — Set of wheels, flys, and isolation
3.1 Drive Cam
(spacing) washers, may be supported by a torque
a) A circular component connected directly to the adjuster or a wave washer and secured with a retainer.
spindle; its drive pin transfers rotation to the
wheels, and its gate is shaped to accept the lever 3.7 Wheel Post — A component, usually cast as part
nose. of the lock case or cover, on which the wheel pack is
b) The drive cam screws onto the spindle within the assembled and about which the wheels rotate.
lock case. It shall be locked into position snugly, 3.8 Wheel — Assembly, usually in the form of a
by means of a positive drive (e.g. spline key, circular disc, having a gate and drive pin Integral part
square shaft, etc.) Once locked in position on the of wheel, whose locations are set to selected positions
spindle, the drive cam’s purpose is to transmit the to permit combination change.
drive to the wheels and also to withdraw the lock
bolt. The drive from the Drive Cam to the third 4 GENERAL
wheel is transmitted via a small drive pin on the
cam. 4.1 Components
c) Pin on Drive Cam should be integral part of Cam.
4.1.1 Except as indicated in 4.1.2, a component of a
3.2 Drive Pin — A pin extending from the underside of product covered by this standard shall comply with the
the drive cam and from all but the first wheel in a wheel requirements for that component.
pack; it transfers motion to the next component in the
4.1.2 A component need not comply with a specific
wheel pack.
requirement that involves a feature or characteristic
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IS 16723 : 2020
not needed in the application of the component in the smoothly without binding or jamming of parts. The
product covered by this standard. lock shall function smoothly and as intended.
4.1.3 Specific components are recognized as being 6.2 Lock mounting holes may have standard footprint,
incomplete in construction features or restricted as per Fig. 2 so that lock can be retrofitted.
in performance capabilities. Such components are
intended for use only under limited conditions and shall 6.3 A lock shall present a user with a minimum of
be used only under those specific conditions for which 1000000 (one million) separate enterable codes or
they have been recognized. combinations. Although a combination lock may
provide for a choice of 1000000 codes or combinations,
5 CLASSIFICATIONS there may be some codes or combinations that the user
is advised not to use. The instructions with the lock
Combination Locks will be classified as Class I, II and shall advise the user of these cautions and conditions;
III. for example:
5.1 Class-I : Class-I locks shall have 1 working hour of a) The same digit or character for each input;
resistance to manipulation attack (see clause 9.3). b) Digits or characters in rising or descending order
with spacing of 5 or less digits or characters
5.2 Class-II : Class-II locks shall have 2 working hours
between each entry;
of resistance to manipulation attack (see clause 9.3).
c) Telephone numbers and birth dates;
5.3 Class-III : Class-III locks shall have 20 d) Digits or characters that associate with a company
working hours of resistance to manipulation attack or individual name;
(see clause 9.3).
e) Simple combinations such as 20-40-60; and
6 CONSTRUCTION f) An original factory combination or code.
On mechanical dial-type combination locks, there is
6.1 General a segment of numbers that cannot be used as the last
The edges of all exposed parts of lock shall be protected number in a sequence since the use of numbers in that
by smoothening or grinding to eliminate burrs, and segment will cause inconsistent operation of the lock.
sharp edges. The locking mechanism shall operate
Fig. 1 General Arrangement of A-3-Wheel Combination Lock
(Representative Sketch)
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IS 16723 : 2020
Fig. 2 Standard Dimensions of Lock
NOTE — Dimensions 66.60, 41.20, 60.60, 7.80 shall have 9 TESTS AND CRITERION FOR
tolerance of +/- 0.1 mm. All other dimensions are indicated as CONFORMITY
nominal.
9.1 Sample Selection
7 NON-METALLIC PARTS
Number of total samples shown in Table 1 shall be
Factors taken into consideration when determining submitted for respective tests.
compliance with the requirements of non-metallic parts
(see 10) are as following: 9.2 Operation Test
a) Mechanical strength; 9.2.1 Operation test of combination locks consists
of setting the wheels to various combinations and to
b) Resistance to impact;
determine that the lock operates as intended but does
c) Moisture absorptive properties; and not open with the dial turned beyond the tolerances
d) Resistance to distortion of the material under specified in clause 9.2.3, for the type of lock.
conditions of normal or abnormal usage. 9.2.2 The lock shall operate as intended on the code or
combination to which it is set.
8 CORROSION PROTECTION
9.2.3 A three-wheel combination lock shall not open
All working parts of the lock mechanisms shall when the dial is turned more than one full graduation
be constructed of brass, bronze, stainless steel, or mark on either side of the set number for any of the
equivalent corrosion-resistant materials, or shall have wheels. A four-wheel combination lock shall not open
a protective finish that permits the lock mechanism to when the dial is turned more than 1 full and 1/4th
comply with 9.6. graduations mark on either side of the set number for
any of the wheels.
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Table 1 Number of Samples for Various Test
( Clauses 9, 10 and 11 )
Sl. Class Sample for Manipulation Punching Salt Aging–Stress Moisture Vibration Total
No. Study and and Endurance Attack Spray Distortion Absorption No. of
Operation Test for Polymer for Polymer Samples
Material Material
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
i) I 1 3 1 1 2 1 9
ii) II 1 3 1 1 2 1 9
iii) III 1 3 1 1 2 1 9
9.2.4 The test for a three-wheel lock is to be conducted b) Feeling the wheel gates;
by applying the combination one number at a time in c) Sighting variations on the dial; or
the following manner:
d) Any other technique that develops as a result of
a) Dial the combination with the first number one the examination.
graduation lower than set, and the second and
third numbers as they are set; 9.3.3 Manipulation tests on combination locks shall not
include the following:
b) Then dial the combination with the first number
one graduation higher than set, and the second and a) Entering of combinations or codes on the
third numbers as they are set; probability that the correct combination will be
c) Then dial the combination with the second number entered and
one graduation lower than set, and the first and b) Leave any physical evidence that an attempt was
third numbers as they are set; made to open the lock cover.
d) Then dial the combination with the second number 9.3.4 Two of the three sealed locks tested shall not open
one graduation higher than set, and the first and as a result of manipulation test.
third numbers as they are set;
e) Then dial the combination with the third number 9.3.5 A successful opening of the lock by manipulation
one graduation lower than set, and the first and shall result in the determination of the code or
second numbers as they are set; and combination which can then be used to open the lock
again.
f) Then dial the combination with the third number
one graduation higher than set, and the first and 9.3.6 The combined weight of the instruments or
second numbers as they are set. detection devices used in this test shall not be more
than 25 kg and may include the use of listening devices,
9.2.5 A four-wheel lock is to be tested in the same
visual aids, portable computers, and other similar
sequence as described in 9.2.4 except that the change
equipment.
is to be 1 full and 1/4th dial graduations lower or higher.
9.3.7 Combinations Locks of various classes shall
9.2.6 If the lock opens as a result of any of these
resist unauthorized opening for a period as indicated
attempts, the trial is to be repeated with the number
below, when subjected to the manipulation techniques
changed 1/4th dial of a graduation more. The lock shall
specified in 9.3.2.
not open on that trial.
Sl. No. Class of Lock Time of Resistance
9.3 Manipulation Test
to Manipulation
9.3.1 Manipulation tests on Combination Locks shall (minimum)
be conducted by a person (or persons) familiar with (1) (2) (3)
lock construction and operation. The samples as shown
i) Class-I 1 Working Hour
in Table 1 shall be set on different combinations and
sealed by manufacturer in such a manner, that if the ii) Class-II 2 working Hours
locks are disassembled, it will get noticed. iii) Class-III 20 Working Hours
9.3.2 Manipulation Tests on Combination Locks may NOTE — Time period specified in column (3) may include one
involve manipulation techniques, as follows: person working entire period, two persons working together
for half the period or equivalent combinations. This time limit
a) Walking the wheels; does not include time spent on unsealed sample.
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9.3.8 Manipulation Test on a lock shall be considered 10.2 Aging-stress Distortion
invalid, if the seal on the sample lock for Manipulation
Test is found to be tampered. 10.2.1 There shall be no warping to the extent that
intended functioning will impaired when two locks
9.4 Punching Attack Test using polymeric material are aged for 7 days in a
circulating air oven maintained at 90 °C ± 5 °C.
9.4.1 Punching attack test on a Combination
Lock consists of knocking out the Back Cover 10.2.2 The apparatus for aging of specimens shall have
(item 12 in Fig. 1) when lock is in locked condition heating elements within insulated chamber and shall
(Lock Bolt extended out), by punching on Dial or have provision for circulating air within the aging
Spindle from front side of mounted lock with the help chamber at high velocity. A portion of the air may be
of a Punch and a Hammer. re-circulated, and fresh air shall be admitted
continuously. The exhaust ports of the oven may
9.4.2 Any attempt to dislodge cover of the lock shall be adjusted to achieve approximately 200 complete
result in immobilization of lock bolt, by activation of a fresh-air changes per hour. The blower or other means
Built-in mechanism (e.g. Re-Locker getting activated). for circulating the air shall be located entirely outside
NOTE — Immobilization by mechanical means is not required the aging chamber.
on an offset-spindle-type lock in which punching of the spindle
does not defeat the locking action. 10.2.3 For this test two lock samples shall be placed
in the oven. Following the 168 hours aging period, the
9.5 Endurance Test samples shall be removed, permitted to cool to ambient
temperature and tested for intended functioning as per
9.5.1 The lock shall operate for 10 000 complete opening
9.2.
and closing cycles of running the set combination at a
speed not exceeding 3 cycles per minute. 10.3 Moisture Absorption
9.5.2 After completion of the 10 000 cycles, the lock 10.3.1 The two locks previously conditioned as
shall successfully operate manually for 10 cycles by described in 10.2.1 to 10.2.3 shall function as intended
setting different combinations. after exposure for 10 days to warm humid air having a
relative humidity of 98 ± 2 percent at a temperature of
9.5.3 This test shall be conducted using a cycling 60°C ± 5 °C.
machine that will turn the lock in both directions for
required number of times to simulate entering of a 10.3.2 The apparatus for warm humid air exposure
combination. shall consist of:
a) An insulated specimen chamber having a
9.6 Salt Spray Corrosion Test
temperature-controlled water reservoir with a
9.6.1 A Combination Lock shall be tested for corrosion pump;
resistance by exposing it to salt spray as described in b) A spray chamber for humidifying the air;
the standard for Salt Spray (Fog) Testing (see IS 9844). c) An air circulating fan;
9.6.2 A combination lock shall operate as intended d) Provision for heating the air;
(see 9.2) following a 72 hours exposure to salt spray. e) Specimen supports; and
9.6.3 During this test, the lock shall be operated once f) The necessary means of control. The dry bulb
during each 24-hour period. temperature of the chamber is to be maintained
at 60 ± 1 °C (140 ± 2 °F) for the duration of the
9.6.4 Following the exposure, the lock shall be exposure. The relative humidity is to be maintained
allowed to dry for 24 hours in a room having ambient at 98 ± 2 percent throughout the test.
temperature and then shall be tested for operation as
per 9.2. 10.3.3 Following the 10 days exposure, the samples shall
be removed, permitted to cool to ambient temperature
10 TESTS OF POLYMERIC MATERIAL and tested for intended operation as per 9.2.
10.1 Strength 11 VIBRATION TEST
10.1.1 The mechanical strength and resistance to 11.1 One sample of the lock shall be mounted on a
impact of parts made of polymeric material are to be 6.0 mm × 150 mm × 200 mm steel plate. The sample
considered as acceptable for the intended use, on the shall be vibrated at amplitude of 0.25 mm at a frequency
basis of satisfactory performance in tests as given in 9. that is varied from 5 to 50 Hz in increments of 1 Hz
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IS 16723 : 2020
until a resonant frequency is obtained. The sample shall 13 MARKING
then be vibrated at the maximum displacement resonant
frequency for a period of 2 hours. If no resonant 13.1 Each combination lock shall be marked with:
frequency is obtained, the sample shall be vibrated at a) The manufacturer’s (or other party responsible for
50 Hz for 2 hours. the product) name, trademark, or other identifying
mark;
11.2 For the purpose of these requirements, amplitude
is defined as the maximum displacement of sinusoidal b) The model, style, or catalog designation;
motion from a position of rest or one-half of the c) The designation Class-I, Class-II or Class-III and
total table displacement. Resonance is defined as the d) The date of manufacture by month and year in a
maximum magnification of the applied vibration. location that is visible after installation.
11.3 The combination lock shall operate as intended NOTE — The location of marking shall be at such place as to
be able to read without removing the lock from its mounting
(Clause 9.2) following the vibration test described in
on the security container or other security product on which it
11.1 and 11.2. is used.
12 RE-TESTING FREQUENCY 13.2 BIS Certification Marking
The tests specified in clauses 9, 10 and 11 shall be 13.2.1 Each combination lock may also be marked with
considered as type tests and shall be carried out for the Standard Mark.
initial approval of design or when any subsequent
change in the design of the lock is made. Subsequent to 13.2.2 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by
the type approval, these tests shall be carried out once the provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 2016
in 7 years in such a manner that each class of lock, for and the Rules and Regulations made there under. The
which the manufacturer has obtained approval, is tested details of conditions under which the license for the use
at least once in 7 years. of Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or
producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian
Standards.
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IS 16723 : 2020
ANNEX A
( Foreword )
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Security Equipments Sectional Committee, MED 24
Organization Representative(s)
Reserve Bank of India, Mumbai Shri D. Kumar Raghu (Chairman)
Bank of India, Mumbai Capt Akhilesh Kumar
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee Dr Suvir Singh
Dr Rajiv Kumar (Alternate)
Central Bank of India, Mumbai Col A. K. Jha
EMTAC Laboratories Private Limited, Hyderabad Shri C. K. Maheshwari
Shri Supriyo Ganguly (Alternate)
Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Company Limited, Shri P. Chouthkanthiwar
Mumbai Shri Pushkar Gokhale (Alternate)
Guardwel Industries Private Limited, Mumbai Shri John Dmello
Shri Leon George (Alternate)
Gunnebo India Private Limited, Thane, Mumbai Shri R. Srinivasan
Shri Ashutosh Satpute (Alternate)
Indian Banks Association, Mumbai Shri K. Unnikrishnan
Indian Overseas Bank, Chennai Capt P. Venkatesan
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai Prof P. P. Date
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority, Shri T. S. Naik
New Delhi
Methodox Systems Limited, Indore Shri S. K. Singh
Shri Karn Katariya (Alternate)
NCR Corporation India Private Limited, Mumbai Shri Ashok Shankar
Punjab National Bank, New Delhi Capt B. K. Tyagi
Shri Arun Kumar (Alternate)
Safeage Security Products Private Limited, Mumbai Shri Rajan Vasanoi
Shri Naresh Panchal (Alternate)
Sherni Locks Manufactures Private Limited, Pune Shri Farokh Kutar
Shrimati Arti Gupta (Alternate)
Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi Dr Tarsem Singh Sian
State Bank of India, Mumbai Capt Arun Thakur
Capt Sushil Singh (Alternate)
Tata Consultancy Services Limited, Mumbai Shri Ajit Menon
Shri R. K. Raghavan (Alternate)
Voluntary Organization in Interest of Consumer Shri M. A. U. Khan
Edcuation, New Delhi
In Personal Capacity (Plot No. 41, Block No. 5, Mehta Shri Ajit G. Naravane
Cottage, Dr Raut Road, Shivaji Park, Dadar,
Mumbai)
BIS Directorate General Shri Rajneesh Khosla, Scientist ‘E’ and Head (MED)
[ Representing Director General ( Ex-officio ) ]
Member Secretary
Ms Khashboo kumari
Scientist ‘C’ (MED), BIS
7
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Review of Indian Standards
Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: MED 24 (16206).
Amendments Issued Since Publication
Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected
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