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Fuzzy Statistics Ch2_A fuzzy number

The document discusses fuzzy numbers, which extend real numbers to account for uncertainty, and outlines their properties and definitions. It explains the concept of triangular fuzzy numbers and introduces arithmetic operations on fuzzy numbers, including the extension principle and interval arithmetic. Additionally, it provides examples and exercises related to fuzzy arithmetic and α-cuts.

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Dr.Mohammed Jasim Mohammed
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3 views23 pages

Fuzzy Statistics Ch2_A fuzzy number

The document discusses fuzzy numbers, which extend real numbers to account for uncertainty, and outlines their properties and definitions. It explains the concept of triangular fuzzy numbers and introduces arithmetic operations on fuzzy numbers, including the extension principle and interval arithmetic. Additionally, it provides examples and exercises related to fuzzy arithmetic and α-cuts.

Uploaded by

Dr.Mohammed Jasim Mohammed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FUZZY STATISTICS Dr.

Mohammed Jasim Mohammed

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١


Fuzzy Number Chapter 2

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٢


2.1 FUZZY NUMBER
Definition: A fuzzy number is an extension of a real number,
allowing uncertainty in its value.
Fuzzy numbers are used in statistics, computer programming,
engineering, and experimental science.
If a fuzzy set is convex and normalized, and its membership
function is defined in R and piecewise continuous, a fuzzy set A on
R must possess at least the following three properties:
(i) A must be a normal fuzzy set;
(ii) 𝐴 must be a closed interval for every
(ii) The support of , must be bounded.

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٣


2.1 FUZZY NUMBER
Fuzzy number is expressed as a fuzzy set defining a fuzzy
interval in the real number R. Since the boundary of this interval is
ambiguous, the interval is also a fuzzy set. Generally, a fuzzy
interval is represented by two end points a , b and a peak point c
as [a, c , b ].
Special cases of fuzzy numbers include ordinary real numbers
and intervals of real numbers.

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٤


2.1 FUZZY NUMBER

Fig. 2.1: (a) an ordinary real Fig. 2.1: (b) a fuzzy number
number 1.3 expressing the proposition "close
to 1.3"
٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٥
2.1 FUZZY NUMBER

Fig. 2.1: (d) a fuzzy number with


Fig. 2.1: (c) an ordinary (crisp)
a flat region (a fuzzy interval).
closed interval [1.25, 1.35].
٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٦
2.1 FUZZY NUMBER: TRIANGULAR FUZZY NUMBER
The following fuzzy sets are fuzzy numbers:
Approximately
Approximately {(8, 0.3), (9, 0.7), (10, 1), (11, 0.7), (12, 0.3)}

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٧


2.1 FUZZY NUMBER: TRIANGULAR FUZZY NUMBER
A triangular fuzzy number is defined by three
numbers a < c < b where the base of the triangle is the
interval [a, b] and its vertex is at x = c. Triangular fuzzy
numbers will be written as (a/c/b). A triangular
fuzzy number = (1.2/2/2.4) is shown in Figure 2.2.
We see that etc.

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٨


2.1 FUZZY NUMBER

Fig. 2.2: Triangular Fuzzy Number


٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٩
2.2 ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS ON INTERVALS
If and are two fuzzy numbers we will need to
add, subtract, multiply and divide them. There are
two basic methods of computing , ,
etc. Which are:
(1)Extension principle.
(2) -cuts and interval arithmetic.

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٠


2.2.1 EXTENSION PRINCIPLE
Let and are two fuzzy numbers If = , then the
membership function for is defined as:

If we set = , then

Similarly, = , then

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١١


2.2.1 EXTENSION PRINCIPLE
And If = , then

In all cases is also a fuzzy number. We assume that zero does


not belong to the support of in = . If are
triangular (shaped) fuzzy numbers then so are and ,
but and will be triangular (shaped) fuzzy numbers.

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٢


2.2.1 EXTENSION PRINCIPLE
Example 1: Addition
Consider the universal set X = {1, 2, …, 6} and define two fuzzy
subsets of X, by:

Then is a fuzzy set with membership function:

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٣


2.2.1 EXTENSION PRINCIPLE
Example 1: Addition
Therefore, for , we have:

and so is similarly for ; which give finally the fuzzy set:

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٤


2.2.2 INTERVAL ARITHMETIC
Let [a1,b1] and [a2,b2] be two closed , bounded, intervals of real
numbers. If * denotes addition, subtraction, multiplication , or
division, then [a1,b1] * [a2,b2] = [ , ] where
, }
If * denotes division, we must assume that zero dose not belong to
[a2,b2] . We may simplify the above egestion as follows:

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٥


2.2.2 INTERVAL ARITHMETIC
[a1,b1]+[a2,b2]=[a1+a2 , b1+ b2]
[a1,b1]-[a2,b2]=[a1- a2 , b1-b2]
[a1,b1]/[a2,b2]=[a1,b1] . [1/a2, 1/b2]

[a1,b1].[a2,b2]= ,

=min{a1a2 ,a1b2, b1a2, b1b2}


=max{a1a2 ,a1b2, b1a2, b1b2}
٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٦
2.2.1 INTERVAL ARITHMETIC
Example 1: Addition
A=[a1,b1] and B=[a2,b2]
A+B =[a1+a2,b1+b2]
Example 2: Multiplication
A=[2,5] and B=[3,6]

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٧


2.2.3 FUZZY ARITHMETIC
Again, we have two fuzzy numbers and . We know are
closed, bounded, intervals so let
Then if = we have
We add the intervals using equation . Setting = we get.
for all in [0,1]. principal
for = and when = , provided that zero
does not belong to for all . This method is equivalent to the
extension principal method of fuzzy arithmetic. Obviously, this
procedure, of plus interval arithmetic, is more user (and
computer) friendly.

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٨


2.2.3 FUZZY ARITHMETIC
Example :
Let = (-3/ - 2/ -1) and = (4/5/6). We determine ·
using and interval arithmetic. We compute
and
So, if = we obtain

The graph of is shown in next Figure.

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ١٩


Figure: The Fuzzy Number of =

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٢٠


Α-CUT APPROACH TO ARITHMETIC
Example 1: Compute α-cut for A=(1,2,3) .
Interval form at α=0.5:A =[1.5,2.5].
Example 2: Addition using α-cut:
A=(2,4,6) and B=(1,3,5), compute their α-cut sum.
At α=0.5 :
A. =[3,2.5].

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٢١


2.2.3 FUZZY ARITHMETIC
H.W :
Consider two triangular-shape fuzzy numbers A and B defined as follows:

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR.MOHAMMED JASIM ٢٢


H.W :
Define a trapezoidal fuzzy number and compute its α-cuts.
Perform fuzzy arithmetic A=(2,4,6) and B=(4,6,8),

٢٥ ،‫ شباط‬٢٣ DR. MOHAMMED JASIM ٢٣

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