LIMPOPO PROVINCE

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 11

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
01 JUNE 2023

MARKS: 200 TIME: 3 Hours

This paper consists of 16 pages

Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of TWO sections, namely SECTION A and
SECTION B.
2. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK.
3. Start EACH question on a NEW page.
4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in
this question paper.
5. You may use a non –programmable calculator.
6. Show ALL your calculations, including units and formulae where applicable.
7. Write neatly and legibly

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A –D) next to the question
numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK e.g. 1.1.11 C

1.1.1 A propane is an alkane which is made up of:

A 2 carbon and 5 hydrogen
B 4 carbon and 10 hydrogen
C 1 carbon and 4 hydrogen
D 3 carbon and 8 hydrogen
1.1.2 The unique vertical succession of diagnostic horizons is called:
A soil series
B soil classification
C soil profile
D soil form

1.1.3 The type of bond formed when two amino acids are joined resulting in the loss
of water is known as:
A covalent bond
B peptide bond
C ionic bond
D hydrogen bond

1.1.4 The relative proportion of sand, silt and clay in a given soil sample is called:
A soil structure
B soil density

C soil volume

D soil texture

1.1.5 When water is mixed with sugar, water serves as a …

A solvent
B solute

C heat receptor

D compound

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

1.1.6… is an example of an inorganic compound.

A Glucose
B Ammonia
C Fats
D Alkanes
1.1.7 The following is NOT influenced by soil temperature
A Soil formation
B Metabolic process in plants
C Soil depth
D Activity of soil micro-organism

1.1.8 The ……is a factor which is responsible for dark colour in soil.
A presence of organic matter
B iron compound
C water saturation
D sandstone formation
1.1.9 An atom which has gained one or more extra electron(s) is called:
A cation
B ion
C valence
D anion
1.1.10 Compounds differ from mixtures because:
(i) Substance in a compound can be separated by filtration
(ii) Composition of a compound is fixed and invariable
(iii) Look and behaves differently to the elements of which it is comprised
(iv) Compounds are made up of different molecules bound together
Choose the CORRECT combination:
A (i), (iii) and (iv)
B (ii), (iii) and (iv)
C (i), (ii) and (iv)
D (i), (ii) and (iii) (10 x2) (20)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

1.2 Indicate whether each of the descriptions in COLUMN B applies to A ONLY, B

ONLY, BOTH A and B or NONE of the items in COLUMN A. Write A ONLY, B
ONLY, BOTH A and B or NONE next to the question number (1.2.1 – 1.2.5) in
the ANSWER BOOK, For example: 1.2.6 B ONLY.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1. A Hydrolysis Chemical reaction resulting in the breaking down of
chemical bond by addition of water
B Condensation
1.2.2 A Blocky structure The structural units are platy and overlap one another
B Prism-like structure
1.2.3 A Homogeneous colour Soil which is wet for part of the year and shows a
B Heterogeneous soil mixture of colours.
colour
1.2.4 A. Glucose Building block of carbohydrates
B. Glycerol
1.2.5 A Sieve method Method of determining texture by releasing a soil
B Settling columns sample into the water in a cylinder.
(5 x2) (10)

1.3 Give ONE word/term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the
word/term next to the question numbers (1.3.1–1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.3.1 The atoms which have the same atomic number but have different mass
number.
1.3.2 A weak acid formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water.
1.3.3 The movement of water in soil due to the force of gravity.
1.3.4 The mass per unit volume of dry soil.

1.3.5 The ability of soil to hold a given quantity of water after complete saturation
and drainage. (5 x2) (10)

1.4 Change the UNDERLINED WORD(S) in each of the following statements to

make it TRUE. Write only the answer next to the question number (1.4.1–1.4.5)
in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.4.1 Dextrin is an example of a disaccharide.
1.4.2 Percolation is the movement of water through a narrow tube against the force
of gravity.
1.4.3 Propanol is the product of the fermentation of sugar in alcoholic drinks.

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

1.4.4 Soil compaction is the arrangement of soil particles into units to give a
distinctive characteristic pattern.
1.4.5 Silt is the smallest particle of the soil (5 x 1) (5)
SECTION A: [45]
SECTION B
QUESTION 2: BASIC AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY
Start this question on a NEW page.
2.1 The diagram below shows the structure of a substance that is important in
Agriculture.
C

2.1.1 Identify the structure above. (1)

2.1.2 Give THREE reasons visible in the diagram to support the answer in

QUESTION 2.1.1. (3)

2.1.3 Indicate the charge of the parts labelled A and C. (2)
2.1.4 Name the type of ion that will be formed when the following occurs:
(a) Part labelled A is removed and only one remains (1)
(b) One more part labelled A is added to make them three (1)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

2.2 The diagram below illustrates atoms responsible for the formation of a
compound.

2.2.1 Identify the chemical bonding illustrated in the diagram above. (1)
2.2.2 Give a reason for the bonding identified in QUESTION 2.2.1 (1)
2.2.3 Identify the compound formed by the atoms in the diagram above. (1)
2.2.4 Name the health benefit of the above compound in food (2)
2.2.5 Name TWO common characteristics of the elements in the group where Cl−
belong. (2)

2.3 The diagram below shows the structural formula of different compounds.

2.3.1 Classify the compounds represented by A and B in the diagram above. (2)
2.3.2 Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 2.3.1 based on their
structures. (2)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

2.3.3 The structures labelled A and E have the same molecular formula but different
structures. Give the name of such compounds. (1)
2.3.4 Write the chemical formula of the compound represented by structure A. (2)
2.3.5 Identify the letter of the compound responsible for the following:
(a) Catalyst in chemical reactions. (1)
(b) Used as a cleaning product. (1)

2.4 Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides molecule join to form one
molecule which can be broken down during hydrolysis process.
2.4.1 Name a disaccharide formed when the following monosaccharides are
joined together
(a) A glucose and a fructose (1)
(b) A glucose and a galactose (1)
2.4.2 Mention the importance of starch in animals prepared for the following
functions:
(a) Racing (2)
(b) Selling at a market (2)

2.5 Below are food types containing different fats.

Food A Food B

2.5.1 Classify the fat in food types above as saturated and unsaturated. (2)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

2.5.2 Identify the fat from the food types above that is recommended to be included
in a diet. (1)
2.5.3 Give TWO reasons for the answer in QUESTION 2.5.2 (2)
2.5.4 Distinguish between the fat found in food type A and in food type B with regard
to the following:
(a) Reaction at room temperature. (2)
(b) Bond between the carbon atoms. (2)

2.6 Proteins are very complex organic compounds and have different functions
depending on their shape.
2.6.1 Name the building blocks of a protein molecule. (1)
2.6.2 What is the difference between simple and complex proteins? (2)
2.6.3 Give TWO importance of proteins in an animal’s diet. (2)
2.6.4 The table below shows the amount of carbohydrates, protein and fat per
100g of different foods

Use the data in the table below to draw a bar graph to compare the amount of
protein, fat and carbohydrates. (6)
Food Carbohydrates (g) Protein (g) Fat (g)
Oats porridge 56 12 9
Peanut butter 24 23 50
Tuna Fish 0 27 15

[50]

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

QUESTION 3: SOIL SCIENCE

Start this question on a NEW page

3.1 The illustration below shows a texture diagram.

3.1.1 Use the texture diagram above to determine the texture class of the following
samples:
(a) 60% clay, 20% sand and 20% silt (1)
(b) 30% clay, 40% sand and 30 silt (1)
3.1.2 Compare the textural classes mentioned in QUESTION 3.1.1 (a)
with a texture class on the texture diagram above containing 90% sand
particles with regard to:
(a) Tillability (2)
(b) Water retention (2)
3.1.3 Give TWO reasons why it is important for the farmer to know the textural
class of the soil on the farm. (2)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

3.2 The illustration below shows the different types of soil structures that are
found in the soil.

3.2.1Identify the type of soil structures from A to F (6)

3.2.2 Suggest THREE factors that influence the development of soil structure. (3)

3.2.3 Indicate TWO methods that a farmer can apply to improve the soil structure. (2)

3.2.4 Describe THREE advantages of a good soil structure to the farmer. (3)

3.3. An 80cmᵌ sample was collected and dried after which a mass of 680g was

recorded.

3.3.1 Calculate the bulk density of the sample above. (3)

3.3.2 Comment with a reason on the suitability of the soil for deep-rooted crops based

on its bulk density. (2)

3.4 Indicate the cause of each of the following soil colours:

3.4.1 Black (1)

3.4.2 Red (1)

3.4.3 Grey (1)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

3.5 Study the information below and answer questions that follow.

A soil analyst conducted a research to establish the correlation between the

particle sizes, pore space and water behaviour of a soil sample. The scientist
used the following indicators:
Sandy particles 0 0 0
Clay particles + +
Percolation ᶺᶺ
Drainage __
Sample A Sample B Sample C
0000 00 0
++ ++ ++++
ᶺ ᶺ ᶺᶺ
---- --

3.5.1 Identify the type of soil pores represented by soil samples A and C (2)

3.5.2 Give ONE reason for each of the identification in QUESTION 3.5.1 (4)

3.5.3 Texture has a great influence on the characteristics of soil pore size. Indicate the
letter representing the soil sample with the following:

(a) Large surface area for chemical reactions

(b) Lower degree of cohesion between soil particles

(c) Particles increase the angles of diffraction because of size

(d) High permeability (4)

3.6 Soil air contains approximately ten times as much carbon dioxide as atmospheric
air.
3.6.1 Give TWO functions of carbon dioxide in soil. (2)

3.6.2 Suggest a reason why soil air has less oxygen than atmospheric air. (2)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

3.7 The picture below shows different ways in which moisture can be lost from

the soil

3.7.1 Identify the water loss labelled B ,C and G. (3)

3.7.2 Water loss in B can be prevented by minimising the use of nitrogen fertiliser.
Justify this statement. (2)

3.7.3 Indicate the letter representing the water loss that can be prevented by

each of the following measures:

(a) Contour walls (1)

(b) Planting windbreaks (1)

3.7.4 Identify the movement of water labelled D (2)

3.7.5 Give a reason for the answer in QUESTION 3.7.4 (2)

[55]

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

QUESTION 4: SOIL SCIENCE

4.1 The diagram below shows the development of master horizons and the schematic

representation of a soil profile.

4.1.1 Use the diagram above and match the horizon with the following characteristics

(a) The horizon formed by marked loss of structure. (1)

(b) Mineral particles are found in this horizon (1)

(c) Contains only inorganic material (1)

(d) Mixture of inorganic and fully decomposed organic matter (1)

(e) Material from which soil is directly formed (1)

(f) Physical weathering occurs in it (1)

4.1.2 Sketch the profile of the following soils:

(a) Young soil (2)

(b) Eroded soil (2)

( c) Wet or waterlogged soil (2)

4.2 Farmers tend to classify soil according to texture, structure and fertility.

4.2.1 Briefly explain FOUR reasons for soil classification. (4)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

4.2.2 Re-arrange the following steps of soil classification according to their

correct sequence.

 Establishment of soil form

 Demarcate the soil series
 Dig the soil profile or clean an existing soil profile
 Identify the series characteristics
 Demarcate the master horizon, the establishment of soil form
 Identify the diagnostic horizon (6 x 1) (6)

4.2.3 Suggest TWO methods used in South Africa to classify soil. (2)

4.3 Below is a pH scale showing the acidity and alkalinity in a soil.

4.3.1 Indicate the cations that are predominant in soil with a pH in A and B. (2)

4.3.2 Name TWO factors that are influencing the condition of soil in B. (2)
4.3.3 State THREE effects of the soil condition in A on plant growth. (3)

4.3.4 The soil condition above can be corrected by adding CaCOɜ or NaSOꜯ .

Choose the substances mentioned above that can be used to correct the following:

(a) Soil condition in A (1)

(b) Soil condition in B (1)

4.3.5 Name the instrument used to measure soil pH (2)

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Agricultural Sciences Gr 11 NSC Limpopo June/2023

4.4 The schematic representation below shows cation in soil solution and soil

colloid.

4.4.1 Deduce the term that applies to the process occurring in labels A and B. (2)

4.4.2 Provide a reason for the process in QUESTION 4.4.1 B. (2)

4.4.3 Indicate the hydrogen cation that has an effect on plants from the

Schematic representation above. (2)

4.4.4 Name TWO types of colloids in which the processes mentioned in

QUESTION 4.4.1 occurs. (2)

4.4.5 Name FOUR characteristics of organic colloids (4)

4.4.6 Differentiation between sodic and saline soils with regard to the dominant

salts. (2)

4.4.7 Give an appropriate term for the ability of soil to exchange cations with the soil

solution. (1)

[50]

SECTION A: 45

SECTION B :155

GRAND TOTAL: 200

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