WEEK 10: LESSON 4
SCHOOL LEVEL LEARNING AREA DATE TIME ROLL
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS
Strand: Algebra
Sub Strand: Algebraic expressions; Like and unlike terms in algebraic expressions
Specific Learning Outcomes:
By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:
- Define like terms and unlike terms used in algebraic expressions.
- Simplify algebraic expressions.
- Develop a desire to learn more about algebraic expressions.
Key Inquiry Question(s):
- What are algebraic expressions?
Core competencies Values PCIs
Critical Responsibility Environmental education
thinking and
problem solving
Learning Resources:
- EAEP: Smart Minds; Mathematics Learner’s Book Grade 8 pg. 89-90
- Ruler
- Digital devices
Organisation of Learning:
Introduction (5 minutes)
- Begin with a review of the previous lesson on basic algebra concepts.
- Engage learners by asking if they have encountered algebraic expressions in real life.
- Guide learners to read and discuss the relevant content from the textbook, focusing on defining
algebraic expressions and identifying like and unlike terms.
Lesson Development (30 minutes)
- Step 1: Understanding Like and Unlike Terms (10 minutes)
- Introduce the definitions of like terms (terms that have the same variable and exponent) and
unlike terms (terms that do not match).
- Example: Explain that 3x and 5x are like terms, while 3x and 4y are unlike terms.
- Encourage students to brainstorm examples of both types of terms.
- Step 2: Identification Activity (5 minutes)
- Provide students with a set of algebraic expressions.
- In pairs, have students identify and categorize the terms into like and unlike terms.
- Step 3: Simplifying Expressions (10 minutes)
- Show learners how to combine like terms to simplify algebraic expressions.
- Provide an example: Simplifying 3x + 5x - 2y + 4y.
- Let students practice simplifying a few expressions individually or in small groups.
- Step 4: Group Challenge (5 minutes)
- Divide students into small groups and present a more complex expression to simplify, such as
2x + 3y - x + y - 4y.
- Ask each group to present their solution and explain their thought process.
Conclusion (5 minutes)
- Summarize the key points covered, emphasizing the difference between like and unlike terms
and the process of simplification.
- Conduct a brief interactive quiz using a digital device or whiteboard to reinforce definitions and
simplification skills.
- Preview the next lesson by posing questions about how algebraic expressions are used in
equations, encouraging students to think about the application of what they've learned.
Extended Activities:
- Homework Assignment: Present students with a worksheet containing a mix of like and unlike
terms for identification, as well as algebraic expressions to simplify.
- Project Idea: Have students create a poster illustrating the concepts of like and unlike terms
with examples and illustrations. This can also include a real-world application of algebraic
expressions.
- Interactive Online Game: Direct students to online resources or math game platforms where
they can practice their skills in a fun, engaging way.
Teacher Self-Evaluation:
WEEK 10: LESSON 5
SCHOOL LEVEL LEARNING AREA DATE TIME ROLL
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS
Strand: Algebra
Sub Strand: Factorisation of Algebraic Expressions
Specific Learning Outcomes:
By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:
1. State the procedure of factorisation of algebraic expressions.
2. Factorise different algebraic expressions.
3. Enjoy using algebraic expressions in real life.
Key Inquiry Question(s):
- How do we factorize algebraic expressions?
Core competencies Values PCIs
Critical Responsibility Environmental education
thinking and
problem solving
Learning Resources:
- EAEP: Smart Minds; Mathematics Learner’s Book Grade 8, pg. 90-91
- Ruler
- Digital devices (for interactive activities)
Organisation of Learning:
Introduction (5 minutes)
- Review Previous Lesson: Begin with a quick review of the previous lesson on algebraic
expressions, asking students to share what they remember.
- Discussion: Guide learners to read and discuss the relevant content from the textbook focused
on factorisation, highlighting the importance of understanding algebraic expressions in daily life.
Lesson Development (30 minutes)
Step 1: Understanding Factorisation
- Activity: Explain what factorisation is and why it is useful. Define key terms such as factors,
coefficients, and common factors.
- Discussion: Prompt students to discuss examples of factorisation they might encounter in real
life (e.g., packaging, area calculations).
Step 2: Identify Common Factors
- Activity: In pairs, learners will find the greatest common factor (GCF) of given algebraic
expressions.
- Practice: Provide expressions like \(6x^2 + 9x\) and guide pairs to identify and extract the GCF.
Step 3: Factoring Simple Expressions
- Activity: Introduce simple quadratic expressions like \(x^2 + 5x + 6\). Show how to factor
these by finding two numbers that multiply to give the constant and add to give the coefficient of
the middle term.
- Practice: Let learners factor similar expressions as individuals or in pairs and check their
answers.
Step 4: Applying Factorisation
- Activity: Give learners a few real-life problems, like maximizing area using factorisation. For
example, using \(x^2 - 9\) to find dimensions of a rectangular area.
- Practice: Allow time for learners to discuss and solve these problems, sharing their methods
with the class.
Conclusion (5 minutes)
- Summary: Recap the key points discussed (steps of factorisation, common factors).
- Interactive Activity: Conduct a quick quiz game where students can answer questions about
factorisation to reinforce learning.
- Preview: Share what will be covered in the next lesson (e.g., applying factorisation in solving
equations) and pose questions for students to consider before the next class.
Extended Activities:
- Homework Assignment: Provide learners with a worksheet of various expressions to factorise
at home. Encourage them to create their own real-life scenarios where they could apply
factorisation.
- Group Project: Assign a project where students must create a presentation on how factorisation
is used in different professions (e.g., engineering, architecture).
Teacher Self-Evaluation:
WEEK 11: LESSON 1
SCHOOL LEVEL LEARNING AREA DATE TIME ROLL
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS
Strand: Algebra
Sub Strand: Simplification of Algebraic Fractions
Specific Learning Outcomes:
- By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:
- Simplify algebraic fractions in different situations.
- Use IT to work out exercises and activities in algebra or participate in drag and drop activities
of grouping similar terms to simplify algebraic expressions.
- Enjoy using algebraic fractions in real life.
Key Inquiry Question:
- How do we simplify algebraic expressions?
Core competencies Values PCIs
Critical Responsibility Environmental education
thinking and
problem solving
Learning Resources:
- EAEP: Smart Minds; Mathematics Learner’s Book Grade 8 pp. 91-93
- Ruler
- Digital devices (tablets/computers)
Organisation of Learning:
Introduction (5 minutes)
1. Review Previous Lesson:
- Begin with a quick recap of the previous lesson, relating it to the concepts of fractions and
expressions.
- Ask students a question such as, “What do you remember about simplifying regular fractions?”
2. Reading and Discussion:
- Guide learners to read and discuss key concepts from pages 91-93 of the learner’s book.
- Emphasize the idea of identifying similar terms and the importance of simplifying expressions
in algebra.
---
Lesson Development (30 minutes)
Step 1: Introduction to Algebraic Fractions (10 minutes)
- Introduce the concept of algebraic fractions.
- Explain how to identify the numerator and denominator in an algebraic fraction through
examples.
- Discuss the rules for simplifying fractions and provide examples (e.g., canceling common
factors).
Step 2: Guided Practice in Simplifying with the Teacher's Help (10 minutes)
- Work through a few examples together as a class on the board
- Encourage students to participate by suggesting simplifications.
- Transition to digital devices for more interactive learning.
Step 3: Group Activity Using IT (5 minutes)
- In small groups, learners use devices to access interactive activities where they will drag and
drop algebraic terms to simplify expressions.
- Circulate the room and provide assistance as needed, ensuring each group understands the task.
Step 4: Individual Practice (5 minutes)
- Give learners a short set of algebraic fractions to simplify on their own, using their devices to
verify their answers.
- Foster a classroom environment where students can ask for help from their peers if they get
stuck.
Conclusion (5 minutes)
- Summarize the key points about simplifying algebraic fractions and the methods used during
the lesson.
- Engage the class in an interactive exit ticket activity where they write one thing they learned
and one question they still have.
- Provide a brief preview of the next lesson, mentioning potential real-life applications of
algebraic fractions (e.g., in cooking or budgeting).
Extended Activities:
1. Algebraic Fractions Scavenger Hunt:
- Create a scavenger hunt around the classroom or school where students find real-life items
represented by algebraic fractions (like half a cup, three-fourths of a pizza, etc.) and write the
fraction they relate to.
2. Algebraic Art:
- Ask students to create an art piece using algebraic fractions in designs where they must
simplify different algebraic expressions they've used in their artwork.
3. Online Quizzes or Games:
- Recommend online platforms where students can practice simplifying algebraic fractions in a
game-like format (Kahoot, Quizlet).
Teacher Self-Evaluation:
WEEK 11: LESSON 2
SCHOOL LEVEL LEARNING AREA DATE TIME ROLL
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS
Strand: Algebra
Sub Strand: Evaluating algebraic expressions by substituting numerical values
Specific Learning Outcomes:
- By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Evaluate algebraic expressions by substituting numerical values in different situations.
- Discuss how to substitute the given numerical values to work out a given algebraic expression.
- Appreciate the importance of algebraic expressions.
Key Inquiry Question:
- How do we evaluate algebraic expressions by substituting numerical values?
Core competencies Values PCIs
Critical Responsibility Environmental education
thinking and
problem solving
Learning Resources:
- *Smart Minds: Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8* (pg. 93-95)
- Ruler
- Digital devices
Organisation of Learning:
Introduction (5 minutes):
- Review the previous lesson to activate prior knowledge.
- Guide learners to read relevant content from the learning resources, focusing on understanding
what algebraic expressions are and their importance.
Lesson Development (30 minutes):
Step 1: Introduction to Evaluation
- Introduce the concept of evaluating algebraic expressions. Explain what it means—replacing
variables with numbers to find a solution.
- Example: If the expression is \( 3x + 4 \) and we substitute \( x = 2 \), then \( 3(2) + 4 = 10 \).
Step 2: Guided Practice
- Provide learners with some simple expressions to evaluate as a class. Use different values for
the variables.
- Example problems: \( x + 5 \), \( 2y - 3 \), and \( z^2 + 2z \) where students can suggest
different values for \( x \), \( y \), and \( z \).
Step 3: Group Activity
- Divide students into pairs or small groups. Assign each group different algebraic expressions to
evaluate using assigned numerical values.
- Each group will calculate the value of their expression and be prepared to explain their process
to the class.
Step 4: Class Discussion
- Bring the class back together. Have each group share their expression, the values they
substituted, and the final answer.
- Discuss any challenges faced and clarify concepts as necessary.
Conclusion (5 minutes):
- Summarize the key points discussed in the lesson, including how to evaluate algebraic
expressions and the importance of accuracy in substitution.
- Conduct a quick interactive quiz or game to reinforce the day's learning (e.g., a few verbal
problems where students raise their hands for the answer).
- Preview the next session, which will delve into real-life applications of algebraic expressions.
Extended Activities:
- Homework Assignment: Assign students to create their own algebraic expressions and
substitute different values to see how the results change. They should write a reflection on what
they learn from their findings.
- Application Project: Students can find real-life scenarios where they can apply algebraic
expressions, such as calculating expenses, and present this in the next class.
Teacher Self-Evaluation:
WEEK 11: LESSON 3
SCHOOL LEVEL LEARNING AREA DATE TIME ROLL
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS
Strand: Algebra
Sub Strand: Linear Equations; Forming Linear Equations in Two Unknowns
Specific Learning Outcomes:
- By the end of the lesson, learners will be able to:
- Form linear equations in two unknowns in real-life situations.
- Participate in role-play activities, such as shopping for two different items, to form linear
equations.
- Recognize the use of linear equations in real life.
Key Inquiry Question(s):
- How do we solve linear equations in two unknowns?
Core competencies Values PCIs
Critical Responsibility Environmental education
thinking and
problem solving
Learning Resources:
- EAEP: Smart Minds; Mathematics Learner’s Book Grade 8 pg. 95-97
- Ruler
- Digital devices
Organisation of Learning:
Introduction (5 minutes):
- Begin with a review of the previous lesson on linear equations.
- Invite learners to read and discuss relevant content from pages 95-97 of their learner's book,
focusing on the key concepts of forming equations.
Lesson Development (30 minutes):
Step 1: Introduction to Real-Life Situations (10 minutes)
- Present a scenario where two different items are purchased, such as apples and oranges. For
example, if apples cost $2 each and oranges cost $3 each, discuss how to represent this situation
mathematically.
- Introduce the idea of variables; let \( x \) represent the number of apples and \( y \) represent the
number of oranges. Invite students to write an equation based on their discussion. Example
equation: \( 2x + 3y = total \).
Step 2: Group Role Play (10 minutes)
- Divide the class into small groups or pairs. Each group will choose a scenario (e.g., grocery
shopping, concert tickets) where they have to buy two different items.
- Each group should create their own linear equation(s) based on their scenario. Encourage
creativity in their role plays while ensuring they understand how to form their equations.
Step 3: Sharing and Comparison (5 minutes)
- After creating their equations, each group presents their scenario and the corresponding linear
equation to the class.
- As a class, discuss the different equations formed and the real-life situations that inspired them.
Guide students to note similarities and differences in the equations.
Step 4: Solving Linear Equations (5 minutes)
- Select one or two examples from the group presentations to solve together as a class.
- Demonstrate how to manipulate the equations to find values for the variables \( x \) and \( y \).
Conclusion (5 minutes):
- Summarize the key points discussed during the lesson, focusing on the importance of forming
and solving linear equations.
- Conduct a brief interactive activity where students solve a quick equation as a class to reinforce
the concept.
- Preview the next session's topic, such as graphing linear equations, and pose a thought-
provoking question for students to consider: "How does the graph of a linear equation relate to
its equation?"
Extended Activities:
- Assign students to create a budget for a fictional shopping spree, including at least two items
and related linear equations to represent their total expenditure.
- Encourage students to research a real-life profession that uses linear equations (e.g., electrical
engineering) and write a short paragraph about its applications.
Teacher Self-Evaluation:
WEEK 11: LESSON 4
SCHOOL LEVEL LEARNING AREA DATE TIME ROLL
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS
Strand: Algebra
Sub-Strand: Solving linear equations in two unknowns by the substitution method
Specific Learning Outcomes:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Solve linear equations in two unknowns by the substitution method in real-life situations.
- Discuss and use the substitution method to find the solutions of simultaneous equations in two
unknowns.
- Appreciate the use of linear equations in various contexts.
Key Inquiry Question:
Where do we use linear equations in two unknowns in real-life situations?
Core competencies Values PCIs
Critical Responsibility Environmental education
thinking and
problem solving
Learning Resources:
- EAEP: Smart Minds; Mathematics Learner’s Book Grade 8, pages 97-100
- Ruler
- Digital devices (for research and practice)
Organisation of Learning:
Introduction (5 minutes):
- Review the previous lesson on linear equations and their importance.
- Ask students guiding questions to connect prior knowledge with today’s lesson.
- Introduce the key concepts of the substitution method, utilizing relevant content from the
learning resources.
Lesson Development (30 minutes):
In this section, the lesson will be carried out in three distinct steps to ensure clarity and
engagement.
Step 1:
- Introduction to Substitution Method
- Explain the substitution method with a simple example.
- Show how to isolate one variable and substitute it into another equation.
Step 2:
- Group Activity: Real-Life Equations
- Divide students into pairs or small groups.
- Provide them with real-life scenarios where they can create and solve linear equations using the
substitution method (e.g., budgeting, distance problems).
Step 3:
- Discussion on Elimination Method
- Briefly introduce the elimination method and discuss its differences with the substitution
method.
- Have students work in pairs to practice solving simultaneous equations using the elimination
method.
Step 4:
- Application and Problem Solving
- Engage students in collaborative problem-solving where they apply both methods (substitution
and elimination) to solve complex problems.
- Encourage them to explain their thought process to each other as they find solutions.
Conclusion (5 minutes):
- Summarize the key points covered in the lesson, reinforcing the substitution method and its
practical applications.
- Conduct a brief interactive quiz or a question-and-answer session to check understanding.
- Preview the next lesson’s focus on different types of equations, encouraging students to think
about scenarios where they might use these equations.
Extended Activities:
- Math in Action Project: Have students find a real-life situation in their community that can be
modeled with linear equations. They can gather data, create equations, and present their findings
to the class.
- Online Practice: Encourage students to complete online practice problems related to the
substitution and elimination methods. Platforms like Khan Academy can be useful for self-paced
learning.
Teacher Self-Evaluation:
WEEK 11: LESSON 5
SCHOOL LEVEL LEARNING AREA DATE TIME ROLL
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS
Strand: Algebra
Sub Strand: Solving linear equations in two unknowns by the elimination method.
Specific Learning Outcomes:
By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:
- Solve linear equations in two unknowns by the elimination method in real-life situations.
- Apply linear equations in two unknowns in real-life situations.
- Use IT devices to work out linear equations for learning and enjoyment.
Key Inquiry Question:
How do we solve linear equations in two unknowns by the elimination method?
Core competencies Values PCIs
Critical Responsibility Environmental education
thinking and
problem solving
Learning Resources:
- EAEP: Smart Minds; Mathematics Learner’s Book Grade 8 pg. 100-103
- Ruler
- Digital devices (computers, calculators, tablets)
Organization of Learning:
Introduction (5 minutes)
1. Review Previous Lesson:
Begin by revisiting the key concepts from the last lesson on linear equations. Ask students to
provide quick examples or problems they solved previously.
2. Discussion:
Guide students to read and discuss the relevant pages from the Mathematics Learner’s Book (pg.
100-103). Emphasize understanding the elimination method and its applications in real-life
situations.
Lesson Development (30 minutes)
Step 1: Introduction to Elimination Method (10 minutes)
- Explain what elimination is and how it can be used to solve linear equations in two unknowns.
- Present a simple example on the board, for instance:
- Equation 1: \(2x + 3y = 12\)
- Equation 2: \(4x - y = 5\)
- Demonstrate how to align the equations for elimination.
Step 2: Forming Equations from Real-Life Scenarios (10 minutes)
- In pairs or small groups, provide students with real-world scenarios (e.g., combining fruit
baskets, ticket sales, etc.).
- Each group formulates a set of linear equations based on their scenario.
- Facilitate the discussion and assist groups in ensuring their equations have two variables.
Step 3: Application of the Elimination Method (5 minutes)
- Have each group solve the linear equations they formed using the elimination method.
- Encourage them to rewrite the equations as necessary and show their work step by step.
Step 4: Share and Discuss Solutions (5 minutes)
- Bring the class back together.
- Have groups share their equations and solutions.
- Discuss any variations in approaches or solutions and clarify any misconceptions.
Conclusion (5 minutes)
- Summarize Key Points:
Review the steps of the elimination method and its application in solving real-life problems.
Highlight the importance of teamwork and collaboration in solving mathematical problems.
- Interactive Activity:
Conduct a quick quiz or game where students must solve a linear equation using the elimination
method (could use an online platform or classroom polling tool).
- Preview Next Session:
Briefly introduce the next topic. Encourage students to think of questions they might have about
the new material.
Extended Activities:
- Online Practice: Assign a practice worksheet on a digital learning platform where students can
practice elimination problems interactively.
- Real-Life Projects: Have students create a real-life project that requires them to formulate and
solve linear equations, such as a budget plan for a school event or a small business idea.
- Math Puzzles: Introduce math puzzles involving linear equations to solidify understanding
while keeping learning enjoyable.
Teacher Self-Evaluation:
