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Teaching Methodologies

Teaching methodology is narrower in scope compared to pedagogical approach. It involves the concrete
methods and techniques employed to achieve educational goals within the context of a broader pedagogical
framework. These are the specific instructional methods and techniques that teachers apply to engage
students and convey content effectively.
In order to provide feedback and have discussions on designing and delivering a course pedagogy partners
can look into these commonly used methodologies in higher education.

1. Oral Presentation: The instructor delivers information, explanations, and key concepts orally, often
through speaking or lecturing in a classroom setting. The session could include visual aids, note
taking, questioning, reviews and assessments to deliver the content.
2. Case-Based Learning: Students study real-life cases or scenarios, applying theoretical knowledge to
practical situations and problem-solving.
3. Dialectical Inquiry: Socratic educators engage in dialectical inquiry, where opposing viewpoints or
arguments are explored, and contradictions or inconsistencies are addressed through dialogue.
4. Challenging Assumptions: The Socratic approach challenges students' assumptions,
preconceptions, and beliefs by encouraging them to question the basis of their ideas.
5. Problem-Based Learning (PBL): Students work in groups to solve complex problems or
challenges, promoting critical thinking, collaboration, and self-directed learning.
6. Project-Based Learning: Students undertake extended projects that involve research, planning, and
implementation, integrating multiple skills and concepts.
7. Flipped Classroom: Pre-recorded lectures and materials are provided for students to review before
class, while in-class time is dedicated to discussions, activities, and applying concepts.
8. Pre-class Pre-recorded Videos: Pre-recorded videos are created by the instructor to deliver content
that students traditionally receive through lectures. Students watch these videos before class to
acquire foundational knowledge, allowing in-class time to be dedicated to discussions, activities, and
deeper exploration of the material.
9. Pre-class Readings: Pre-class readings are assigned materials, such as articles, textbooks, or
documents, that students are expected to review before attending the class. These readings provide
background information and prepare students for in-depth discussions and activities during class.
10. Pre-class Survey: A pre-class survey is a tool used to gauge students' prior knowledge, expectations,
or questions about the upcoming topic. It helps instructors tailor their class activities and address
specific student needs or concerns during the in-class session.
11. Peer-Led Discussions: Students facilitate group discussions on course topics or assignments. They
guide the conversation, encourage participation, and ensure that key points are covered.
12. Group discussions are a teaching method where students engage in structured conversations with
their peers to explore and deepen their understanding of course material. This method encourages
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active participation, collaborative learning, and the exchange of diverse perspectives among students,
promoting critical thinking and communication skills.
13. Jigsaw Classroom: In this method, students are divided into groups, and each group becomes an
expert in a specific topic. They then teach their assigned topic to members of other groups who have
become experts in different topics
14. Peer Assessment: Students evaluate the work of their peers using predetermined criteria. This
method encourages students to critically assess and provide feedback on the quality of their peers'
work.
15. Probing questions are a teaching method involving follow-up questions that encourage deeper
thinking, discussion, and reflection. These questions are designed to delve beneath the surface and
prompt students to provide more detailed or thoughtful responses, fostering critical thinking and a
deeper understanding of the subject matter.
16. Role-Playing: Students assume roles in simulated scenarios, applying theoretical knowledge to real-
world contexts and enhancing empathy and understanding.
17. Simulation and Virtual Labs: Using computer programs or virtual environments to simulate real-
life situations or experiments for practical learning.
18. Formative Assessment: Regular assessments are used to gauge students' understanding of the
material being taught. These assessments are used to identify areas where students may be struggling.
19. Pre-Assessment: Before beginning a new unit or topic, students may take a pre-assessment to
determine their baseline knowledge. This helps teachers identify areas where students need more
support.
20. Individualized Learning Plans: Based on formative assessments and pre-assessments, teachers
create individualized learning plans for each student. These plans outline the specific learning
objectives and goals for each student
21. Remediation: For students who are struggling to master the material, additional support and
resources are provided. This might include additional practice, tutoring, or targeted interventions
22. Community Engagement: Encouraging students to actively engage with the community, build
relationships, and gain a deeper understanding of the social issues they are addressing through their
service.
23. Tiered Assignments: Assigning tasks or assignments that have different levels of complexity or
depth, allowing students to choose the level that matches their readiness or challenge level.
24. Scaffolding: A teaching method that involves providing structured support and guidance to students
as they learn new concepts or skills. As students gain confidence and competence, this support is
gradually reduced, allowing them to take more independent control of their learning. It's like offering
a temporary framework to help learners reach higher levels of understanding or performance.
25. Role Reversal: Students take turns playing the role of the teacher and the learner, allowing each
student to both teach and be taught by their peers.
26. Hand on Learning: Engaging students in hands-on experiences, internships, or fieldwork related to
their field of study.
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27. Self-paced learning is a teaching method where students have the flexibility to progress through the
course materials at their own speed. They can independently control the pace of their learning,
allowing for individualized and customized learning experiences.
28. Cultural Proficiency: Teachers develop their own cultural proficiency by becoming aware of their
own biases, understanding cultural differences, and reflecting on their teaching practices.
29. Cooperative Learning: Structured groups of students work together on tasks or projects,
promoting peer teaching and shared responsibility.
30. Sensitive Language Use: Being mindful of the language used in the classroom to avoid stereotypes,
biases, and potentially offensive language. Teachers model respectful communication.
31. Inquiry-Based Learning: Encouraging students to explore topics, ask questions, and seek solutions
independently, fostering curiosity and self-driven learning.
32. Inclusive Assessment: Developing assessments that are fair, culturally sensitive, and allow students
to demonstrate their understanding in multiple ways. This might include alternative assessment
methods.
These methodologies can be combined, adapted, and tailored to suit the specific needs of the subject matter,
the instructor's teaching style, and the learning objectives of the course.