Chapter 4: Acids, Bases, and Salts

The following questions are purely for practice purposes to help children review, consolidate their
learning, increase their exposure to types of questions, and work against deadlines. It will help
them prepare for exams such as Olympiads and scholarship tests. Children may solve them as per
their interest. Sufficient practice has already been done in the students’ tasks and intext questions
in the chapter.

I. Choose and tick the correct option. Complete the exercise in the given time.

1. Which among the following is an ‘Alkali’?

(a) Sodium hydroxide (b) Copper hydroxide
(c) Zinc hydroxide (d) Silver Hydroxide
2. The chemical substances that have a pH above 7 are classified as
(a) Acid (b) Bases
(c) Neutral (d) Amphoteric

3. Identify the weak acid among the following.

(a) Hydrochloric acid (b) Sulphuric acid
(c) Nitric acid (d) Citric acid

4. Natural rain is mildly acidic due to the dissolution of gas that forms carbonic acid.
(a) Nitrogen dioxide (b) Sulphur dioxide
(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Oxygen

5. Apply your knowledge of ‘Neutralisation reaction’ and identify which of the given chemical
reactions is a neutralisation reaction?
(a) Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 à CaSO4 + H2O (b) Mg(OH)2 + H2CO3 à MgCO3 + H2O
(c) NaOH + CH3COOH à CH3COONa + H2O (d) H2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 à CaCO3 + H2O

6. Predict which property of acids will be put to use when a lemon is rubbed over a tarnished copper
vessel.
(a) Acids are sour in taste. (b) Acids are corrosive in nature.
(c) Acids neutralise bases. (d) Acids are good conductors of electricity.

7. Sulphuric acid is a strong electrolyte. Which of the given uses align with this property of sulphuric
acid?
(a) It is used as a cleaning agent. (b) It is used as a bleaching agent.
(c) It is used in lead-acid batteries. (d) it is used as a food preservative.

8. Bases are the substances that produce ions in solution.

(a) physical, hydrogen (b) chemical, hydroxyl
(c) chemical, carbonate (d) physical, sulphate

9. Which of the following bases is used to relieve gastric acidity?

(a) Calcium fluoride (b) Magnesium hydroxide
(c) Sodium bicarbonate (d) Sodium hydroxide

10. Study the chemical reaction. Choose the correct statement /

statements that align with it. In a chemical reaction,
(a) The bonds between products break to form new bonds in
reactants.
(b) The bonds between reactants break to form new bonds in
products.
(c) The total mass of reactants is always equal to the total mass of the products.
(d) The total number of reactants is always equal to the total number of products.

11. Gustatory indicators help to distinguish between acidic and basic substances on the basis of
(a) Smell (b) Taste
(c) Colour (d) Texture

12. The solution of magnesium oxide in water turns red litmus blue. Tick the correct inference from
the following. (* Amphoteric compounds are those which are both acidic and basic in nature.)
(a) The solution of magnesium oxide in water is acidic in nature.
(b) The solution of magnesium oxide in water is basic in nature.
(c) The solution of magnesium oxide in water is neutral in nature.
(d) The solution of magnesium oxide in water is amphoteric in nature.

13. Study the image. Identify the type of chemical reaction.

(a) Combination reaction
(b) Decomposition reaction
(c) Displacement reaction
(d) Double displacement reaction

14. CaCO3 undergoes decomposition on heating. Tick the correct option showing the products
obtained after decomposition of CaCO3.
(a) CaO + CO2 (b) CaO + H2O
(c) CO2 (d) Ca + O2

15. Study the given reaction. Tick the correct option.

H2 + CuO Cu + H2O

(a) Copper gets oxidised and hydrogen gets reduced.

(b) Hydrogen gets oxidised and copper gets reduced.
(c) Copper oxide gets reduced because hydrogen is a strong reducing agent.
(d) Copper oxide gets oxidised because hydrogen is a strong oxidising agent.

16. Ms. Kirti, a science teacher has arranged the following sets of test tubes:
Read the following statements carefully and
select the incorrect statements:
(i) Turmeric indicator turns red in tubes (1) and
(3) only.
(ii) Methyl orange turns red in tubes (2) and (4)
only.
(iii) Phenolphthalein turns pink in test tubes (2) and (4) only.
(iv) China rose indicator turns green in test tubes (1) and (4) only.
(v) China rose indicator turns magenta in test tube (1), while turmeric indicator remains yellow in
test tube (2).

(a) (ii) and (v) only

(b) (ii) and (iv) only
(c) (ii), (iv), and (v) only
(d) (i), (iii), and (iv) only

II. Fill in the blanks. Complete the exercise in the allocated time.

(a) When Iron chloride reacts with ammonium hydroxide, iron hydroxide is formed which settles to
the bottom of the test tube. This reaction is known as reaction.
(b) In a displacement reaction between iron and copper sulphate, displaces
because iron is more than copper.

(c) The chemical reaction in which reactants and products are in different states, the reaction is
known as .

(d) are the monomers which undergo polymerisation to synthesise proteins.

(e) The process of purification of salt is called . It is a change.

III. Answer the following questions according to the given instructions.

(a) Study the image. Answer the following questions.

(i) What is the chemical name of lime water?

(ii) Express the turning of lime water milky in the form of a balanced
chemical equation.

(iii) Why does normal water not turn milky when carbon dioxide is
passed through it?

(b) Make a Graphic Organiser to list different types of reactions. Define each reaction briefly and
cite one example of each.

(c) Ria took a glass tumbler and added water, chalk powder, and sand to it and then stirred it well.
She kept the glass tumbler aside for 2 minutes.

(i) Which of the two: chalk powder or sand, will settle down first at the bottom of the glass tumbler?

(ii) What do you call the component that settles down in a mixture?

(iii) What is the name given to the clear liquid that remains after the settling down of the heavier
component of a mixture?

(iv) Which of the two: chalk powder or sand, will remain suspended in the water longer in the glass
tumbler?

(d) Study the image. Beaker A contains distilled water, beaker B

contains dilute HCl, and beaker C contains dilute NaOH. If you are
given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of
each beaker?

IV. Very short answer questions. You have one min to answer each question.

(a) Define an indicator.

(b) Define corrosion.

(c) Define the term ‘catalyst’.

(d) Give one difference between an endothermic and an exothermic reaction.

(e) Name the proteins that act as catalysts in the process of digestion.

V. Short answer questions. Complete each question in 2 min.

(a) What colour do these natural indicators give in acidic and basic
solutions respectively?

(i) China rose (ii) Red cabbage (iii) Turmeric (iv) Litmus

(b) Is the reaction between a strong acid and a weak base a neutralization reaction? Give reason for
your answer with the help of an example.

(c) Reactivity series is the arrangement of metals in decreasing order of their reactivity. Study the
given reactivity series. Answer the following questions.

(i) You are demonstrating a displacement reaction. You add zinc to

the iron sulphate solution. What result would you get? Express it in
the form of a chemical reaction.

(ii) What will happen if you add copper metal pieces to the iron
sulphate solution? Give reason for your answer.

(d) Complete the following reactions.

(i) Mg (s) + Cu(NO3)2 (aq)

(ii) Na2CO3 (aq) + CuSO4 (aq)
(iii) FeCl3 (aq) + 3NH4OH(aq)
(iv) H2S (g) + Cl2 (g)
(v) MgO (s) + CO2 (g)

(e) You are provided with a solution which is bitter in taste and soapy to touch. It is used to
manufacture soap. What will happen if a drop of methyl orange is added to it?

(f) Window cleaning solution contains ammonium hydroxide. When a drop of this solution is put on
red litmus paper, it turns blue. Explain.

(g) Why does a base applied to your skin give relief from an ant bite?

(h) Is ‘weak acid’ the same as ‘dilute acid’. Give reason for your answer.
(i) What will happen if you add dilute sulphuric acid to zinc. Express in the form of a chemical
equation.

(j) While performing tests with acids, Rahul was about to add water to concentrated acid to get some
dilution, but the teacher stopped him sternly. Why do you think the teacher stopped him from doing
that? How should he prepare dilute acid?

VI. Answer the following questions in 4-10 sentences. Use diagrams, G.O or any other suitable
means to support your answers. Complete each question in 5 min.

(a) Make a T-table to differentiate between physical and chemical changes.

(b) List five uses of bases in our daily life.

(c) What is the reason behind the discolouration of the

Taj Mahal? Construct a detailed explanation for the same.

(d) George has a few bottles of soft drink in his restaurant, but these are not labelled. He has to serve
the drinks on the demand of customers. One customer wants an acidic drink, another wants basic and
third one wants a neutral drink. How will George decide which drink is to be served to whom?