Scribd
Upload
12 views69 pages

EE361-Chapter5-2021

The document covers fundamental concepts in applied electromagnetics, including electromagnetic fields, electrostatics, magnetostatics, and Maxwell's equations. It discusses the properties of uniform plane waves, their polarization, and mathematical representations of electric and magnetic fields in various scenarios. Additionally, it addresses the behavior of plane waves in different media, including lossless and lossy conditions.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Cuong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views69 pages

EE361-Chapter5-2021

The document covers fundamental concepts in applied electromagnetics, including electromagnetic fields, electrostatics, magnetostatics, and Maxwell's equations. It discusses the properties of uniform plane waves, their polarization, and mathematical representations of electric and magnetic fields in various scenarios. Additionally, it addresses the behavior of plane waves in different media, including lossless and lossy conditions.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Cuong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 69

EE361

APPLIED
ELECTROMAGNETICS

Assoc. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nguyen Van Cuong


Topics:
1. Introduction to EM Field
2. Electrostatics
3. Magnetostatics
4. Maxwell's Equations for Time-Varying Fields
5. Plane-Wave Propagation
6. Wave Reflection and Transmission
7. Transmission Lines
On a spatial coordinate (x, y, z), the time variation sinusoidal
electromagnetic field with angular frequency ω can be
represented as a phasor that depends on (x,y,z) only: 
(7.3)
The explicit expressions for E and H as a function of spatial
variables (x,y,z) are the solutions of two below wave
equations:

Wave equation:
Uniform plane waves definition:
• Electric and magnetic fields of UPW have uniform
properties (unchanged) at all points across an infinite plane.
If x-y plane is that infinite plane:
A plane wave has no electric or magnetic field components
along its direction of propagation
Solutions of wave equations assuming E and H have only
one component along x and y, respectively and wave is
travelling in z-direction:

Assume E only has a component along x axis and is


associated with a wave traveling in +z direction only.
In the general case, Eo is a complex quantity with magnitude
|E0|and phase angle +:

The instantaneous electric and magnetic fields therefore


are:
Because E(z,t) and H(z,t) exhibit the same functional
dependence on z and t, they are said to be in-phase.
wavelength
Example: EM PlaneWave in Air
Example: EM PlaneWave in Air

The field E(z, t) is maximum when the argument of the cosine function equals zero or a
multiple of 2π. At t = 0 and z = 50 m,
Example: EM PlaneWave in Air
For any uniform plane wave traveling in an arbitrary direction denoted
by the unit vector
The polarization of a uniform plane wave describes the
locus is traced by the tip of the E vector at a given point in
space as a function of time.
Consider a plane wave with both x and y components
+: in-phase
-: out-of-phase

Ø The wave is linearly polarized when Ex(z,t) and Ey(z,t) are in-phase
or out-of-phase
Ø If b = 0, then the wave is x-polarized; conversely, if a = 0, then the
wave is y-polarized.
when viewing the wave approaching
Elliptical polarization
Major axis with length a along the  -direction and minor axis
with length a along the  -direction


Prove Ex = Ex0cos t = Acos t
Ey = Ey0cos (t - ) = Ccos t + Dsin t
Where: A = Ex0 C = Ey0cos  D = Ey0sin 
y’ y
Rotation transformation
x’
Ex = Ex’ cos  - Ey’ sin 
Ey = Ex’ sin  + Ey’ cos  
x
Ex’ = (A cos  + Csin )cos t + (Dsin )sin t
Ey’ = (C cos  - Asin )cos t + (Dcos )sin t

Choose  so that:

A cos  + Csin  = Mcos  C cos  - Asin  = -Nsin 


Dsin  = Msin  Dcos  = Ncos 
Ex’ = Mcos (t - ) ; Ey’ = Nsin (t - ) E2x’ / M2 + E2y’ / N2 = 1

tan 2 = 2AC / (A2 – C2 –D2)


Ellipticity angle χ

R: axial ratio

where ψ0 is an auxiliary angle defined by:


δ: the phase difference of the x and y
components
 =  r 0
()
w w

w
Resistance per unit length
GENERAL EXPRESSION For lossless medium
for the electric field of a uniform plane wave with arbitrary
polarization traveling in the +z direction

The wave can be considered as the sum of two waves, one comprising
fields (Ex , Hy ) and another comprising fields (Ey , Hx ).
Plane wave in a lossy medium
The attenuation rate

You might also like