Wahyuni et al.

, Int J Disabil Sports Health Sci; 2024;7(Special Issue 1):93-101

DOI:10.33438/ijdshs.1378281

International Journal of
Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences
e-ISSN: 2645-9094

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Evaluating the Program of Indonesian Elite Athlete towards Vietnam SEA

Games 2022

Sri WAHYUNI1* , Mochamad ASMAWI2 , Firmansyah DLIS3 , Samsudin SAMSUDIN4 ,

Muhammad Syamsul TAUFIK5 , Johansyah LUBIS6 , Kuswahyudi KUSWAHYUDI7 and Yulingga
Nanda HANIEF8
1 4
- Physical Education Department, Postgraduate, Universitas Negeri, Jakarta / Indonesia
5
Physical Education Department, Postgraduate, Universitas Suryakancana, Jakarta / Indonesia
6
Universitas Negeri Malang, Sport Coaching Education Department / Indonesia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the 2022 Vietnam SEA Games National Program. This research used a qualitative design with an
evaluation approach using the Context model, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP). The data of this study were obtained
through the triangulation of questionnaires, interviews, document studies, and observations. The 37 provincial sports branches
and a sample of 300 athlete respondents represented each sport by random sampling. Data were analyzed using description
frequency analysis, particularly SPSS. This study investigated four evaluation types (Context, Input, Process, and Product).
Concerning the Context Evaluation, the research results show that the program has a solid legal and policy foundation,
government goals, and objectives, but it has yet to be on target. Regarding the Input Evaluation, the results show that
participants, organizing, financing, and committees need to be carried out correctly and improved following the development
of the National Potential Young Athlete Training Center every year. The results of the Process Evaluation indicate that sports
match rules should constantly be updated following the development of the Vietnam SEA Games National Plate 2022. The
implementation of the match still needs to be maximized well. Apart from that, the Product Evaluation results show an
increase in community participation and interest in organizing training camps for young athletes with national potential every
year. The potential of athletes from the community must be optimized. The evaluation of the 2022 Vietnam SEA Games
National Training Center refers to achievements and can be implemented for further national training implementation.

Keywords
Evaluation, Sport, SEA Games, Indonesia

INTRODUCTION al., 2005). There are 3 (three) scopes in Inonesia

sports, i.e., 1) educational sports, 2) recreational
In sports, coaching is one of the efforts to sports, and 3) achievement sports sports
improve human resources. Sports coaching efforts performance_Sports competitive or other terms
are mainly directed at improving the physical and that can be interpreted. All three are a whole unit
spiritual health of the community and are aimed at and are interrelated, so it is impossible to focus
forming a solid personality disposition, discipline, only on one of the achievements in sports to raise
and sportsmanship, as well as improving the dignity and dignity of the nation and omit
achievements that can evoke a sense of national educational sports and recreational sports
nationality (Hadjarati, Haryani, & Nurkhoiroh, (Presiden, 2021). Coaching and development of
2013; Saputra, Wafi, & Sugiarto, 2022; Wells et achievement sports are carried out by empowering

Received: 26 October 2023 ; Revised ;16 December 2023 ; Accepted: 31 December 2023; Published: 25 February 2024

How to cite this article: Wahyuni, S., Asmawi, M., Dlis, F., Samsudin, S. Taufik, M.S., Lubis, J., Kuswahyudi, K., and Hanief, Y.N. (2024). Evaluating the
Program of Indonesian Elite Athlete towards Vietnam SEA Games 2022l. Int J Disabil Sports Health Sci;7(Special Issue 1):93-101.
https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1378281

Wahyuni et al., Int J Disabil Sports Health Sci, 2024;7(Special Issue 1);93-101 .Page 93/ 101.
 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

sports associations, developing sports coaching industrialized countries has changed over the past
centers in national and regional, and organizing few decades. For instance, in some European
competitions in a tiered and sustainable manner. countries, developed states have designed health
The achievement coaching should meet three programs to build quality opportunities for
conditions: (a) the presence of passion, which with children to engage in sports activities after school
character addresses pleasure and suffering, (Kjær, 2019).
underlies the psyche and other actions as the This study applied the evaluation model to
driving force that drives the athlete forward, maximize its implementation if there was good
despite all the controversies he may face at the cooperation between the evaluation actors and
moment; (b) highly emotional, which is possible program implementers. The evaluation of this
only if accompanied by the knowledge and study aimed to provide an overview of the
experience of the natural environment gained progress of young athletes for their achievements.
during this time; and (c) the conciliation between For SEA Games, Cambodia next ranked in the top
the emotional and the rules of each branch trait 3 according to government programs and
(Girard, 2013; Peachey et al., 2020; Varela, 2020). supported the success of National Sports Grand
Since 2008, the government has taken over the Design. Based on several theories and data
coaching of athletes through the Mainstay Athlete obtained in the field, researchers examined deeply
Program. The issuance of Presidential Regulation the evaluation of the 2022 Vietnam SEA Games
Number 22 of 2010 concerning the Golden National Plate Program to find out the extent of the
Indonesia Program as coaching of national elite evaluation of the Vietnam SEAGAMES 2022
athletes is implemented by the Golden Indonesia National Plate Program.
Program Implementation Unit (national training)
consisting of the Government elements, the MATERIALS AND METHODS
Indonesian National Sports Committee, National
Olympic Committee (NOC), academics, and sports Participants
practitioners. This research was conducted using a program
Applying the program evaluation is very evaluation approach with a descriptive method.
important because the aim is to determine the facts The descriptive method explains research findings
regarding public implementation in the field, gained from problem-solving procedures, Non
whose results can be positive or negative (Aquino, Probability sampling. The 37 provincial sports
2023). Implementing the program evaluation is a branches and a sample of 300 athlete respondents
process of forming activities, collecting, represented each sport by random sampling. (i.e., a
illustrating, obtaining, and presenting crucial person, institution, society, etc.) (Girard, 2013;
information continuously to be constantly used. It Jones, 2020; Lundgren et al., 2015). For this
will be a suitable alternative for deciding and reason, this method was formed to illustrate the
revising if something is wrong. An evaluation
detailed research result of evaluating the Vietnam
carried out professionally can produce objective
findings, namely finding out whether the data is 2022 SEA Games National Plate program. The
good, analysis or the conclusion is that there is no Ethics Committee of Suryakancana University was
manipulation in the end. It will provide benefits to applied for, and the Ethics Committee's permission
everyone who is involved in the coaching program (B/023/PJKR23/EC/2022) was obtained, and the
itself. research commenced. The entire investigation was
The government, the highest institution carried out with a rigorous attention to the
regulating the prosperity of the Indonesian nation, principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
has a vital role in shaping the nation's character The investigator(s) took additional efforts to
through sports (Parker, 2019). The Ministry of protect the study's volunteers.
Youth and Sports, as part of the Indonesian Instrumentation and measured parameters
government dealing with youth and sports, seeks The further information concerning the
to develop and improve overall sports multi-event program, researchers used a design as
achievements by referring to government a concept in starting the program evaluation. The
programs, i.e., educational sports, recreational research design of the National Evaluation
sports, and achievement sports (Luo et al., 2020). Program of Vietnam SEA Games 2022 is
The development of sports and youth sports in described in the Figure 1.

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 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

Figure 1. CIPP evaluation design (Stufflebeam & Chris, 2014)

The evaluator identified various information in the Vietnam SEA

Context Games National Plate 2022 s legal and policy foundations, goals and
objectives, and government goals.

The evaluator determines the utilization rate of various factors studied

in implementing SEA Games Vietnam 2022. Consideration of this is
Input the basis for the evaluator to determine whether it is necessary to
revise or change the input factor of the Multi-Event Degree.

The evaluator collected varied information concerning the training

centre's implementation and identified various supporting factors and
Process weaknesses in applying the Vietnam SEA Games. The evaluator must
note the various influences of process variables in the competition.

Evaluators collect a variety of information on the level of public

Product
participation and interest, the role of the media in the publication and
promotion of sports to the public and the emergence of new athlete
seeds by comparing them with standards and making decisions
regarding their status.

Figure 2. Design of program evaluation of ındonesian elite athlete towards vietnam sea games 2022

Data Collection Tools

interviews. The interview aims to uncover deeper
The instruments utilized in this study include
insights that a questionnaire cannot measure.
(1) questionnaires developed by researchers based
Additionally, researchers may use documents to
on indicators of each component and aspect to be
support their research, such as attendance records
examined and (2) observation guidelines prepared
and learning outcomes.
by researchers to guide observations. The focus of
observation is on symptoms that cannot be Statistical Analysis
The data analysis techniques used are (1)
quantified with a questionnaire but must be
data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data
observed directly; (3) Researchers developed
presentation, and (4) data validation/conclusion, as
guidelines as instructions for conducting
explained by Hanief and Himawanto (2017).

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 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

RESULTS objectives. Based on the research results, the sub-

focus of context evaluation includes four aspects,
Context Evaluation i.e., 1) the legal basis and government policy, 2)
The context evaluation explains the program goals and objectives, and 3) goals. The results are
implementation needs, namely clarity on the presented in the following Table 1. The Context
policies of the SEA Games 2021 National Evaluation illustrated in a diagram is presented
Program, including the intentions, goals, and below (Figure 3).
Table 1. Context evaluation results
Value Frequency Percent Category
5 59 19,81 % Excellent
4 140 46,76 % Good
3 68 22,52 % Good Enough
2 33 10,90 % Not Good Enough
1 0 0,00 % Bad
Sum 300 100 % -

Figure 3. Context evaluation result

Table 1 and Figure 3 above illustrate the to examine the data based on document studies and
research results on sub-focus data from the context interview results. The results of quantitative
evaluation covering three aspects, i.e., 1) the legal calculations were examined for the validity of the
basis and government policy, 2) the purpose and data and whether they were in accordance with the
objectives, and 3) the objectives. The research results of document studies and interview results.
results of context evaluation of 300 participants The study results of documents and interviews
show that 59 participants (19.81%) responded were illustrated in detail based on the indicators to
excellent, 140 participants (46.76%) stated good, obtain valid data.
68 participants (22.52%) argued good enough, 33 Input Evaluation
participants (10.90%) said not good enough, and The input valuation was the second type of
no participant responded bad. It is concluded that evaluation of the Vietnam SEA Games National
overall, the evaluation of the sub-context program Program implementation in 2022. Input evaluation
includes three things, i.e., 1) the legal basis and is conducted to identify the objective conditions of
government policy, 2) the goals and objectives, resource support encouraging the Vietnam SEA
and 3) the targets, is categorized as not good so Games National Program implementation in 2022.
that improvements are needed in government Referring to the research results, the sub-focus of
policies so that they can improve for the future input evaluation consists of four aspects, i.e., 1)
process. participants, 2) implementation, 3) financing, and
Having analyzed the data calculation 4) committee. The results are presented in Table 2.
applying a quantitative approach, the next step was

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 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

Table 2. Input evaluation results

Value Frequency Percent Category
5 127 42,39 % Excellent
4 45 15,06 % Good
3 41 13,74 % Good Enough
2 69 22,98 % Not Good Enough
1 17 5,83 % Bad
Sum 300 100 % -

Table 3. Process evaluation results

Value Frequency Percent Category
5 88 29,25 % Excellent
4 66 21,93 % Good
3 92 30,77 % Good Enough
2 46 15,33 % Not Good Enough
1 8 2,71 % Bad
Sum 300 100 %

Based on Table 2 and Figure 4, the research results. The results of quantitative calculations
results concerning the input evaluation's sub-focus were examined for the validity of the data gained
data include four aspects, i.e., 1) participants, 2) from document studies and interview results. The
implementation, 3) financing 4) committee. The study results of documents and interviews are
research results of input evaluation of 300 illustrated in detail according to the indicators to
participants indicate that 127 participants (42.39%) gain valid data.
stated excellent, 45 participants (15.06%) said Process Evaluation
good, 41 participants (13.74%) responded good The process evaluation results explain the
enough, 69 participants (22.98%) said not good stage of match regulations, implementation, level
enough, and 17 participants (5.83%) said bad. of participation and public interest, the role of the
Thus, the input evaluation result of the sub-input media in the publication and promotion of sports
program covering four aspects, i.e., 1) participants, to the community, and the emergence of potential
2) implementation, 3) financing 4) the committee, athletes seeds from the community. Based on the
is categorized as good. research results, the sub-focus of the process
After analyzing the data calculation using a evaluation includes four aspects, i.e., 1) match
quantitative approach, the next step was to verify rules and 2) implementation. The results are
the data based on document studies and interview presented in Table 3.

Figure 4. Input evaluation results Figure 5. Process evaluation results

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 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

Referring to Table 3 and Figure 5, the athletes seeds from the community, is categorized
research results on the process evaluation's sub- as good. The study results of documents and
focus data include four aspects, i.e., 1) match rules, interviews are described based on the indicators to
2) implementation, 3) level of participation and obtain valid data. Sub-indicators in
public interest, and 4) emergence of potential the process evaluation include 1) match rules and
athletes from the community. The results of 2) implementation categorized as good in the
the process evaluation of 300 participants indicate national athlete elite towards Vietnam SEA Games
that 88 participants (29.25%) stated excellent, 66 2022
participants (21.93%) argued good, 92 participants Product Evaluation
(30.77%) responded good enough, 46 participants Product evaluation describes and details
(15.33%) said not good enough, and 8 participants environmental needs, i.e., clarity about the level of
(2.71%) said bad. community participation and interest, the role of
Therefore, it is concluded that the result of the media in the publication and promotion of
the evaluation of the sub-process program sports to the community, and the emergence of
covering five aspects, namely: 1) match rules, 2) potential athletes from the community. The results
implementation, 3) level of participation and are presented in Table 4.
public interest, and 4) the emergence of potential
Table 4. Product Evaluation Results
Value Frequency Percent Category
5 161 53,63 % Excellent
4 82 27,49 % Good
3 47 15,76 % Good Enough
2 9 3,12 % Not Good Enough
1 0 0,00 % Bad
Sum 300 100 % -

Figure 6. Product evaluation results

Based on Table 4 and Figure 6 above, the participants (15.76%) stated good enough, 9
results of the research concerning the sub-focus participants (3.12%) said not good enough, and
data of product evaluation cover three aspects, i.e., none of the participants said bad. Thus, the result
1) clarity about the level of community of the sub-focus data research of product
participation and interest, 2) the role of the media evaluation including three aspects, i.e., 1) clarity
in the publication and promotion of sports to the about the level of community participation and
community, and 3) the emergence of potential interest, 2) the role of the media in the publication
athletes seeds from the community. The results of and promotion of sports to the community, and 3)
the product evaluation of 300 participants turned the emergence of potential athletes’ seeds from the
out that 161 participants (53.63%) responded community, is categorized as good.
excellent, 82 participants (27.49%) said good, 47

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 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

DISCUSSION regarding the athlete recruitment process and its

legal basis, Indonesia has become part of a good
This research investigated the evaluation of country and complies with procedures.
the implementation of the Vietnam SEA Games Then the process, the process for elite
National Program in 2022 using the CIPP athletes in other countries is the same as Indonesia
evaluation model approach consisting of Context, and there are several Southeast Asian countries
Input, Process, and Product components. The following the Indonesian style.Products, can be
research results indicate that in the Context seen from the results obtained from medals and
component, the sub-focus, includes three aspects, how the training center process here. Program
i.e., 1) the legal basis and government policy, 2) evaluation is a process of discovering the extent to
goals and objectives, and 3) goals. The Input which the goals and objectives of a program or
Component, the sub-focus, covers four aspects, project have been realized, providing information
i.e., 1) participants, 2) implementation, 3) for decision-making, comparing performance with
financing, and 4) committee. The process standards or benchmarks to find out the existence
component of the sub-focus consists of two of gaps, price and quality assessments and
aspects, i.e., 1) rules of sports matches or systematic investigations into the value or quality
competitions and 2) implementation. Meanwhile, of an object. Program evaluation is the process of
the product component for the sub-focus includes assessing whether goals can already be realized
three aspects, i.e., 1) the level of community based on program evaluation. It is an activity
participation and interest, 2) the role of the media intended to find out how high the success rate of
in the publication and promotion of sports to the the planned activity is. Program evaluation
community, and 3) the emergence of potential measures the success rate of achieving a
athlete’s seeds from the community. predetermined goal (Collins & MacNamara, 2011;
In this case, the evaluations consist of 1) Phillips, 2011; Reuter, 2012; Yang, Xu, & Yang
Measuring the effect of the program on society, 2) 2020).
Assessing whether the program has been Program evaluation is present to provide
implemented according to the plan, 3) Measuring input, studies, and considerations in determining
the suitability of the program in accordance with whether the program is worth continuing or
the standards, 4) Identifying and finding the discontinuing. With this condition, the term
dimensions of running and non-running programs, program evaluation becomes commonplace in
5) Program staff development, 6) Comply with the educational institutions. This study provided a
provisions of the Act, 7) Program accreditation, 8) review and introduction to the importance of a
Measuring cost-effectiveness and cost-efficiency, program evaluation in educational institutions. The
9) Make decisions about the program, 10) primary study of this research is the meaning,
Accountability, and 11) Provide feedback to purpose, and benefits of evaluation. The purpose
program leaders and staff so that recommendations of program evaluation is to provide consideration
are made for a program through careful and tested before the policy owner decides. The benefit is that
considerations and decisions. In this case, a there is an appropriate decision on the program
program can be tangible, like a curriculum, or an that is being or has been implemented (Pedersen,
abstract (intangible) form, like a procedure. A 2022).
program is an activity plan formulated The data collection of this study was carried
operationally by considering all factors related to out through questionnaires, interviews, and
the implementation and achievement of the documentation studies through observation. The
program. A program is an activity that is planned findings of each data obtained then data analysis is
and measurable in its success. Meanwhile, carried out by comparing the analysis results with
according to the evaluation, it is a process that is the criteria in each evaluation component,
deliberately planned to obtain information or data, followed by making assessments and decisions.
and based on the information or data, a decision is Quantitative data are obtained through
made (Kjær, 2019; Livingston et al., 2020; questionnaires. Meanwhile, qualitative data gained
Newman, 2020; Nikander et al., 2020; Russel, through interviews and document studies were
2013; Wang, 2022). With a total of 300 athletes, used to reinforce and support quantitative data.
according to research from other countries Vietnam's 2022 SEA Games National Plate

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 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

program is part of an integral sports achievement and observations were triangulated involving 300
coaching system through a combination of athlete respondents representing each sport by
achievement coaching with formal education random sampling. The selection mechanism
pathways in schools. This system has a strategic process for participants of the Vietnam SEA
position in laying the foundation for developing Games National Plate Program in 2022 refers to
sports achievements in Indonesia at the golden the achievements obtained by athletes at the
age to develop students' talents in football. One regional and national levels. The description
link in the chain of early sports coaching is sports frequency analysis, particularly SPSS, was applied
breeding. Considering the pyramid theory of sports to analyse the data. This study focused on
coaching, a sport breeding through sports centres exploring four types of evaluation (i.e., Context,
such as Sports Clubs is the main foundation of Input, Process, and Product Evaluation) and
sports coaching that must be carried out carefully implementing Vietnam SEA Games National Plate
and accurately. It requires a joint commitment to Program in 2022 runs regularly and continuously.
achieve maximum results in producing future The results of the Vietnam SEA Games
football athletes expected to be able to become National Plate Program competition in 2022
ambassadors of the country in the international focused on the expectations and efforts to coach
sports arena. young football athletes whose exemplary
Vietnam's 2022 SEA Games National Plate achievements are conducted through professional
program was evaluated using context, input, selection by referring to some qualifications.
process, and product evaluation. (1) Context Referring to the program evaluation results of the
Evaluation: The research findings of 2022 Vietnam SEA Games National Plate, the
the context evaluation discuss the findings on aspects of implementing the achievement program
planning indicators with sub-focuses, i.e., (1) the are good, particularly the existence of continuous
legal and policy basis of the Government, (2) goals competition. The 2022 Vietnam SEA Games
and objectives, and (3) targets. (2) Input National Program implements a positive and
Evaluation: The findings of the input evaluation competitive system boiling down to achieving
explain the findings in the sub-focus, i.e., (1) maximum achievement. Referring to the results of
participants, (2) organizers, (3) financing, and (4) the evaluation of the football coaching program
committees. Input evaluation is applied to record through the Vietnam SEA Games National Plate
or identify the objective conditions of resource Program in 2022, the aspects of the competition
support for the Vietnam SEA Games National regulations have been good, namely implementing
Program in 2022. (3) Process Evaluation: The a reasonable and accountable competition system.
findings of the evaluation process illustrate the
findings on implementation and supervision Conflict of interest
indicators with sub-focuses, i.e., (1) rules for The authors declare no conflict of interest.
sports matches/ competitions, and (2) No financial support was received.
implementation of competitions. (4) Product Ethics Committee
Evaluation: The product evaluation is to record or The Ethics Committee of Suryakancana
identify objective conditions in the evaluation University was applied for, and the Ethics
indicators of the SEA Games National Program in Committee's permission (B/023/PJKR23/EC/2022)
2022. The sub-focuses are (1) the level of was obtained, and the research commenced.
community participation and interest, (2) the role Author Contributions
of the media in the publication and promotion of Study Design, SW, MA and FD; Data
sports to the community, and (3) The emergence of Collection, SW, S, MST, and K; Statistical
potential athletes seeds from the community. Analysis, MST, K; Data Interpretation, JL, MST,
Conclusion K; Manuscript Preparation, SW and YNH;
This study investigated the evaluation of the Literature Search, SW, MST, and YNH. All
2022 Vietnam SEA Games National Program. A authors have read and agreed to the published
qualitative design using the Context model, Input, version of the manuscript.
Process, and Product (CIPP), was applied as an
evaluation approach. The data of this study gained
from questionnaires, interviews, document studies

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 Vietnam SEA Games 2022

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