HYDRAULIC & PNEUMATIC SYMBOLS
ISO 1219-1 covers graphic symbols for both hydraulic and pneumatic equipment. For circuit diagram layout
rules see BS ISO 1219-2.
For port identification and operator marking see ISO 9461 (Hydraulic) or BS ISO 5599 (Pneumatic).
Graphic symbols for fluid power systems
Supply lines, return lines, component enclosure, symbol enclosure
Pilot (control) line, drain line, flushing line, bleed line
Electrical control line
Frame for several components
Hose assembly
Drain to tank
Return to tank
Connection of two fluid lines (indicated by the connection point )
Two fluid lines crossing (no connection)
Hydraulic source of energy
Pneumatic source of energy
Valve control - solenoid
Valve control - Proportional solenoid
Valve control - Lever
Valve control - Pedal
Valve control - Electro-hydraulic (pilot operated DCV)
Valve control - Spring
Valve control - Pneumatic spring
Valve control - Manual override
SYSTEMS OF UNITS & CONVERSIONS
Graphic symbols for fluid power systems
Hydraulic pump
Fixed displacement, one
direction of rotation, one
direction of flow, internal Compressor: clockwise
case drain rotation
Hydraulic pump
Variable displacement, one
direction of rotation, two
directions of flow, external
case drain Air motor: one direction of
rotation
Hydraulic motor
Fixed displacement, one
direction of rotation, internal 1. Diaphragm accumulator
case drain 2. Bladder accumulator
3. Piston accumulator
1 2 3 4 5 4. Back-up bottle,
Hydraulic motor 5. Air reservoir [pressurised]
Variable displacement, bi-
directional rotation, external
case drain
Directional control valves (DCV's) Direct operated (by solenoid) DCV’s
4/2 “spring return” or
2/2 Valve (2 ports, 2 “spring offset” DCV
positions)
4/2 “detented” or “impulse”
3/2 Valve (3 ports, 2 positions) DCV
3/2 Poppet valve (reversible 4/3 spring centred DCV (open
flow, leak-free closure) centre spool)
“force controlled” or “non-
4/2 Valve (4 ports, 2 positions) feedback” proportional DCV
(shown with integral
amplifier)
5/2 Valve (5 ports, 2 positions)
Port and solenoid identification for hydraulic valves according to ISO 9461
Electro-hydraulic (“pilot operated” or “two-stage”) DCV’s. Solenoid operated pilot stage (A and B).
Spring centred main stage (various spool configurations shown).
A B
External pilot supply (X), external pilot drain (Y)
X P T Y
External pilot supply, internal pilot drain
Internal pilot supply, internal pilot drain
Port identification for pneumatic valves according to ISO 11727
4 2
14 12 Direct operated (by pneumatic pilot) 5/2 DCV
5 1 3
Pneumatic quick-exhaust valve with possibility of connection to the exhaust port
Pneumatic exhaust silencer with no possibility of connection to the outlet port
2/2 cartridge valves ("slip in valves" or "logic elements")
Pressure control, normally closed, Filter with optical clogging indicator
B area ratio: 1
Filter with bypass (the enclosure
indicates that the component has
B Directional control, area ratio: >0.5
two or more main functions that
are connected to each other)
A
Directional control, area ratio: <0.5 Cooler (with no indication of the
B cooling fluid flow path)
A
Directional control, area ratio: <0.5 Heater (with no indication of the
B (with damping nose or throttle nose) heat exchange fluid flow path)
A
Direct operated (“single-stage”) relief valve with adjustable spring
Pilot operated (“two-stage”) relief valve
Direct operated sequence valve (external spring chamber drain)
Direct operated proportional relief valve (solenoid acts directly on valve poppet)
Pilot operated proportional relief valve (external pilot drain)
Direct operated proportional relief valve (solenoid acts on valve poppet
via spring - this type of valve is often equipped with a stroke transducer)
Direct operated reducing valve
Pilot operated reducing valve
Direct operated 3-way reducing valve (“reducing/relieving” valve)
Check valve without spring (symbol often used for valves with only a light spring)
Check valve with spring (spring is drawn if its rating is significant)
Pilot to open check valve (“PO check valve”)
Vented (or “4 port”) pilot to open check valve
Quick connect coupling (this symbol also used for pressure test points)
Throttle valve with adjustable opening
Pressure compensated and temperature (viscosity) compensated flow
control valve with fixed setting
Pressure compensated and temperature (viscosity) compensated flow control
valve with adjustable setting and reverse flow check valve
Normally open isolation valve (ball valve, gate valve, globe valve etc. or a
fully open needle valve)
Normally closed isolation valve (ball valve, gate valve, globe valve etc. or a
fully closed needle valve)
3 way ball valve (“L” configuration)
3 way ball valve (“T” configuration)
3 way ball valve (“inverted T” configuration)
4 way ball valve (“X” configuration)
Cylinders (linear actuators)
Double-acting cylinder (single rod)
Cylinder with adjustable cushions at each end of stroke
Single-acting (“plunger”) cylinder
“Rodless” cylinder [band type] with non-adjustable cushioning
Compressed air preparation
Filter with separator with manual drain
Filter with separator with automatic drain
Air dryer
Lubricator
Permanent magnet
Stroke transducer (as used on proportional valves with position feedback)
G
Stroke limiter (adjustable)
Stroke limiter (fixed setting)
Flowmeter (type of output not shown)
