Lesson 2: Becoming an

Instrument of Peace

Understanding peace
At the end of the lesson, the
INTRODUCTION
A. "DISCOVER PEACE"
students must be able to:
The best and most beautiful things activity

demonstrate awareness in
in the world cannot be seen or even
touched. They must be felt with the
heart. Make an apology letter to
your classmates
Helen Keller
Peace as Resolution of Inner Conflict
Erik Erickson postulates that man's
apologizing for your bad psychological growth results from the healthy
resolution of inner conflicts. According to him in
behaviour. At the superficial level of mind, inner each growth stage man confronted with a basic
psychological conflict. Inability to resolve that
peace can be experienced through inner conflict blocks his further growth and even
Patricia Mische (2000) explains that the From: resolution af psychological conflict. leads to pervasive behavior. This is has been
proven by the studies on many criminals and
transformation that we should seek should not only be To: Conflicts can be either external or internal. terrorists. Some of them had been led to adopt

the transformation of our society, but also the In fact most of out conflicts are internal, violent ways of life as a result of the inability to
resolve their inner conflicts such deep hurts
transformation of our spirit because the inner i,e. within ourselves. Various psychologists experienced during childhood. It is evident that a
person who is unable to live with himself in peace
transformation inspires the outer work. She concludes have described the nature of inner conflict. cannot live in peace with others. How can we

the practice of discipline

that the "inner and outer transformations are According to Sigmund Freud, the mind is help children resolve their inner conflicts?

inseparable parts of one whole". This perspective is a battlefield where the life instinct is in
repeated many times over in both the secular and faith- conflict with the death instinct and in the
based peace literature. There is a growing consensus clashes with super consciousness and
that, indeed, there is an intimate connection between soon.
our inner state and what we do in our outer spheres. This
consistency is the foundation of being a fully integrated Further, Kurt Lewin showed that we have three basic types of inner conflicts.
person. They are:
1. Approach - approach conflict
In this type of conflict a person is caught in between two equally
attractive objectives out of which he can select only one. An example
would be the choice between two equally attractive jobs.

(mind, physical, behavior,

2. Avoidance - avoidance conflict
Here the person tries to avoid two equally undesirable objectives where
he is forced by circumstances to select one other than selecting one. Say
that a person gets two jobs, which are equally unattractive. But under the
circumstances he is pressed to select one.

3. Approach-negative conflict
In this type a person is both attracted and repulsed by the same
objective. He wants something for a certain reason and at the same time
he does not want it for some other reason

speech);
Self-image is also a construct of
imagination. It is how one imagine
one's own self. Once a self-image
is built, the person tries to live up
to it whether it is negative or
APPLICATION

You may draw an object

or a symbol to express
your sense of freedom.
Make a title and short
develop strategies in
classroom mediation and
positive. explanation.

Practicing Awareness
Apart from experiencing inner calm and beauty of
imagination, meditation opens the door to understanding one's
Meditation in true sense is own thought process. It is this self-knowledge that brings
an act of establishing emotional maturity in us. As aducators we have to find effective
methods of helping children to understand themselves better.

practice mindful living and

Varied Ways on How to Meditate awareness, I.e. being aware. Balmorriya, 2001)
Take the class out to an open air or a quite place. Let them sit quietly and listen to the

THANK YOU
sound in the environment. This helps to develop awareness towards the surroundings.
Make them sit quietly and repeat in mind " I am a peaceful soul."

Watch a tree with a silent mind

Sit quietly and concentrate on breathing in and out. Look at a flower and concentrate on
it.
Imagine a beautiful natural scene
Imagine a trip in a strange land or garden
Sit quietly and experience the feeling of a noble human quality, such as kindness and

peace of mind.
joy.
 Understanding peace

INTRODUCTION
A. "DISCOVER PEACE"

The best and most beautiful things activity

in the world cannot be seen or even
touched. They must be felt with the
heart. Make an apology letter to
your classmates
Helen Keller
apologizing for your bad
behaviour.

Patricia Mische (2000) explains that the From:

transformation that we should seek should not only be To:
the transformation of our society, but also the
transformation of our spirit because the inner
transformation inspires the outer work. She concludes
that the "inner and outer transformations are
inseparable parts of one whole". This perspective is
repeated many times over in both the secular and faith-
based peace literature. There is a growing consensus
that, indeed, there is an intimate connection between
our inner state and what we do in our outer spheres. This
consistency is the foundation of being a fully integrated
person.
INTRODUCTION
A. "DISCOVER PEACE"

The best and most beautiful things

in the world cannot be seen or even
touched. They must be felt with the
heart.
Helen Keller
 Patricia Mische (2000) explains that the
transformation that we should seek should not only be
the transformation of our society, but also the
transformation of our spirit because the inner
transformation inspires the outer work. She concludes
that the "inner and outer transformations are
inseparable parts of one whole". This perspective is
repeated many times over in both the secular and faith-
based peace literature. There is a growing consensus
that, indeed, there is an intimate connection between
our inner state and what we do in our outer spheres. This
consistency is the foundation of being a fully integrated
person.
 activity

Make an apology letter to

your classmates
apologizing for your bad
behaviour.

From:
To:
 ABSTRACTION
Understanding the Concept
The statement in the preamble of the
Understanding peace
UNESCO'S Constitution, "Since war
begins in the minds of men, it is in the
minds of men that the defenses of peace
INTRODUCTION
A. "DISCOVER PEACE"

The best and most beautiful things activity

in the world cannot be seen or even
touched. They must be felt with the
heart. Make an apology letter to

must be created provides a guiding

your classmates
Helen Keller
Peace as Resolution of Inner Conflict
Erik Erickson postulates that man's
apologizing for your bad psychological growth results from the healthy
resolution of inner conflicts. According to him in
behaviour. At the superficial level of mind, inner each growth stage man confronted with a basic
psychological conflict. Inability to resolve that
peace can be experienced through inner conflict blocks his further growth and even
Patricia Mische (2000) explains that the From: resolution af psychological conflict. leads to pervasive behavior. This is has been
proven by the studies on many criminals and
transformation that we should seek should not only be To: Conflicts can be either external or internal. terrorists. Some of them had been led to adopt

the transformation of our society, but also the In fact most of out conflicts are internal, violent ways of life as a result of the inability to
resolve their inner conflicts such deep hurts
transformation of our spirit because the inner i,e. within ourselves. Various psychologists experienced during childhood. It is evident that a
person who is unable to live with himself in peace
transformation inspires the outer work. She concludes have described the nature of inner conflict. cannot live in peace with others. How can we
that the "inner and outer transformations are According to Sigmund Freud, the mind is help children resolve their inner conflicts?

principle for this theme. Learning to BE

inseparable parts of one whole". This perspective is a battlefield where the life instinct is in
repeated many times over in both the secular and faith- conflict with the death instinct and in the
based peace literature. There is a growing consensus clashes with super consciousness and
that, indeed, there is an intimate connection between soon.
our inner state and what we do in our outer spheres. This
consistency is the foundation of being a fully integrated Further, Kurt Lewin showed that we have three basic types of inner conflicts.
person. They are:
1. Approach - approach conflict
In this type of conflict a person is caught in between two equally

means to learn to live peacefully with

attractive objectives out of which he can select only one. An example
would be the choice between two equally attractive jobs.

2. Avoidance - avoidance conflict

Here the person tries to avoid two equally undesirable objectives where
he is forced by circumstances to select one other than selecting one. Say
that a person gets two jobs, which are equally unattractive. But under the
circumstances he is pressed to select one.

3. Approach-negative conflict
In this type a person is both attracted and repulsed by the same
objective. He wants something for a certain reason and at the same time

oneself. Peace can be experienced within

he does not want it for some other reason

ourselves. Inner peace arises out of

Self-image is also a construct of
imagination. It is how one imagine
one's own self. Once a self-image
is built, the person tries to live up
APPLICATION

You may draw an object

or a symbol to express
intrinsic inner richness such as
compassion, spiritual joy and wisdom.
your sense of freedom.
to it whether it is negative or Make a title and short
positive. explanation.

Practicing Awareness
Apart from experiencing inner calm and beauty of
imagination, meditation opens the door to understanding one's

The significance of beingness is the state

Meditation in true sense is own thought process. It is this self-knowledge that brings
an act of establishing emotional maturity in us. As aducators we have to find effective
methods of helping children to understand themselves better.
Varied Ways on How to Meditate awareness, I.e. being aware. Balmorriya, 2001)
Take the class out to an open air or a quite place. Let them sit quietly and listen to the

THANK YOU
sound in the environment. This helps to develop awareness towards the surroundings.

of mind where a person experiences the

Make them sit quietly and repeat in mind " I am a peaceful soul."

Watch a tree with a silent mind

Sit quietly and concentrate on breathing in and out. Look at a flower and concentrate on
it.
Imagine a beautiful natural scene
Imagine a trip in a strange land or garden
Sit quietly and experience the feeling of a noble human quality, such as kindness and
joy.

joy of whole some living.

Peace as Resolution of Inner Conflict
Erik Erickson postulates that man's
psychological growth results from the healthy
resolution of inner conflicts. According to him in
At the superficial level of mind, inner each growth stage man confronted with a basic
psychological conflict. Inability to resolve that
peace can be experienced through inner conflict blocks his further growth and even
resolution af psychological conflict. leads to pervasive behavior. This is has been
proven by the studies on many criminals and
Conflicts can be either external or internal. terrorists. Some of them had been led to adopt

In fact most of out conflicts are internal, violent ways of life as a result of the inability to
resolve their inner conflicts such deep hurts
i,e. within ourselves. Various psychologists experienced during childhood. It is evident that a
person who is unable to live with himself in peace
have described the nature of inner conflict. cannot live in peace with others. How can we
According to Sigmund Freud, the mind is help children resolve their inner conflicts?

a battlefield where the life instinct is in

conflict with the death instinct and in the
clashes with super consciousness and
soon.

Further, Kurt Lewin showed that we have three basic types of inner conflicts.
They are:
1. Approach - approach conflict
In this type of conflict a person is caught in between two equally
attractive objectives out of which he can select only one. An example
would be the choice between two equally attractive jobs.

2. Avoidance - avoidance conflict

Here the person tries to avoid two equally undesirable objectives where
he is forced by circumstances to select one other than selecting one. Say
that a person gets two jobs, which are equally unattractive. But under the
circumstances he is pressed to select one.

3. Approach-negative conflict
In this type a person is both attracted and repulsed by the same
objective. He wants something for a certain reason and at the same time
he does not want it for some other reason
Peace as Resolution of Inner Conflict
At the superficial level of mind, inner
peace can be experienced through
resolution af psychological conflict.
Conflicts can be either external or internal.
In fact most of out conflicts are internal,
i,e. within ourselves. Various psychologists
have described the nature of inner conflict.
According to Sigmund Freud, the mind is
a battlefield where the life instinct is in
conflict with the death instinct and in the
clashes with super consciousness and
soon.
 Further, Kurt Lewin showed that we have three basic types of inner conflicts.
They are:
1. Approach - approach conflict
In this type of conflict a person is caught in between two equally
attractive objectives out of which he can select only one. An example
would be the choice between two equally attractive jobs.

2. Avoidance - avoidance conflict

Here the person tries to avoid two equally undesirable objectives where
he is forced by circumstances to select one other than selecting one. Say
that a person gets two jobs, which are equally unattractive. But under the
circumstances he is pressed to select one.

3. Approach-negative conflict
In this type a person is both attracted and repulsed by the same
objective. He wants something for a certain reason and at the same time
he does not want it for some other reason
 Erik Erickson postulates that man's
psychological growth results from the healthy
resolution of inner conflicts. According to him in
each growth stage man confronted with a basic
psychological conflict. Inability to resolve that
inner conflict blocks his further growth and even
leads to pervasive behavior. This is has been
proven by the studies on many criminals and
terrorists. Some of them had been led to adopt
violent ways of life as a result of the inability to
resolve their inner conflicts such deep hurts
experienced during childhood. It is evident that a
person who is unable to live with himself in peace
cannot live in peace with others. How can we
help children resolve their inner conflicts?
Self-Knowledge

To resolve one's inner problems, first of all one has to learn to look
within and observe how the mind works. The problems distressing the
mind have to be perceived and understood. The more you understand
yourself the more you mature psychologically. Helping children to look
within and understand the self is an important life skill. The gravity of this
need in education in evident by the kind of immature acts people commit
throughout the world. Much disruptive behavior of people arise out of
their unresolved deep inner conflicts. Obviously one who cannot live in
peace with oneself cannot live in peace with others.
Spiritual Needs
This theme addresses our spiritual needs. By spirituality we do not
mean here being religious in the conventional sense. Peace in one's life
arises from the deep human spirit that underlies all faiths. Peace
education deals with the depth of the human mind. Touching the seat of
spirituality is necessary. Here by spirituality we mean that essence
rooted in man, which seeks for fulfillment through expressing and
experiencing goodness in the highest degree. It drives us to do good, be
kind, search for the true meaning and values lying deep within us. The
present education has failed even to recognize children's basic needs.
Children's spiritual needs are delicate and strong. They want to
experience joy, beauty, love, warmth, kindness and wonder.
 They want to feel good. Education should cater for these children's
spiritual needs. Depriving them of such needs surely withholds the
blooming of their wholesome personalities. Inner peace is not only
resolution of psychological conflicts. All religions teach that there is still
deep peace within us. As a matter of fact all of us know that when the mind
calms down a serene feeling of joy and peace begins to unfold within us.
One of the effective ways of realizing the peace within is meditation as
taught in all religions. However here we take it religious practice, attached
to any particular belief system not as an open mental activity. The research
findings show that meditation developes mental sanity, releases stress and
improves creativity and insight. A meditation may be either tranquilizing or
insight producing. One can practice tranquilizing meditation by sitting still
and concentrating on breathing in and out.
 Self-image is also a construct of
imagination. It is how one imagine
one's own self. Once a self-image
is built, the person tries to live up
to it whether it is negative or
positive.

Practicing Awareness
Meditation in true sense is
an act of establishing
Varied Ways on How to Meditate awareness, I.e. being aware.
Take the class out to an open air or a quite place. Let them sit quietly and listen to the
sound in the environment. This helps to develop awareness towards the surroundings.
Make them sit quietly and repeat in mind " I am a peaceful soul."

Watch a tree with a silent mind

Sit quietly and concentrate on breathing in and out. Look at a flower and concentrate on
it.
Imagine a beautiful natural scene
Imagine a trip in a strange land or garden
Sit quietly and experience the feeling of a noble human quality, such as kindness and
joy.
 Self-image is also a construct of
imagination. It is how one imagine
one's own self. Once a self-image
is built, the person tries to live up
to it whether it is negative or
positive.
Practicing Awareness
Meditation in true sense is
an act of establishing
awareness, I.e. being aware.
 Practicing Awareness
The second level of awareness is being
mindful of the movement of the body,
I.e. how you walk, sit, eat, etc. It
develops one's sensitiveness towards
the body.
 Practicing Awareness
The third is being mindful of the
activity of the mind, that is when you
are angry know that you are angry,
when you are confused know that you
are confused
Varied Ways on How to Meditate
Take the class out to an open air or a quite place. Let them sit quietly and listen to the
sound in the environment. This helps to develop awareness towards the surroundings.
Make them sit quietly and repeat in mind " I am a peaceful soul."

Watch a tree with a silent mind

Sit quietly and concentrate on breathing in and out. Look at a flower and concentrate on
it.
Imagine a beautiful natural scene
Imagine a trip in a strange land or garden
Sit quietly and experience the feeling of a noble human quality, such as kindness and
joy.
 Apart from experiencing inner calm and beauty of
imagination, meditation opens the door to understanding one's
own thought process. It is this self-knowledge that brings
emotional maturity in us. As aducators we have to find effective
methods of helping children to understand themselves better.
Balmorriya, 2001)
 APPLICATION

You may draw an object

or a symbol to express
your sense of freedom.
Make a title and short
explanation.
THANK YOU