19ECS444:
ADVANCED INTRNET OF THINGS
<Jayashree Piri>
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Technologies In IoT
The Stack of IoT/Thing stack comprises of three technologies
❖ Sensors
❖ Microcontrollers and Internet connectivity
❖ Service Platforms
Technologies in Tiers
•Tier -1 Sensors are installed in the real world to gather the data and events.
•Tier -2 Microcontrollers and internet connectivity helps in gathering information
using sensors. It uses the gathered information to alter the events in the
environment.
•
•
Tier - 3
Service platforms helps to optimize the user experience by enabling the
end users aware of system rules. It also helps in smooth functioning of
sensors after aggregating and analysis of data.
The Uses of Sensors
• The sensors are used in various domains like health care, business, manufacturing,
agriculture, aviation, and automobiles etc.
• The sensor tier is installed in many applications. The size of the sensor is tiny and able to
attach almost all things.
• The sensors in the devices gathers information from the environment and sends the data
via Bluetooth, mobile to cloud for analysis and prediction.
Ex: smart watches, smart clothing, magnetic tattoos
The Use of Microcontrollers and Internet Connectivity
• Large volume of data is generating in the sensor network
• The microcontroller pre-process the data before uploading to the cloud
• This will avoid uploading of unnecessary data to the cloud
• The micro-controller supports RAM to hold data, flash memory or EEPROM to have
software, soloid-state memory to enable caching of data.
• WiFI, wireless modems, and wireless mesh networks are used to connect internet
Uses of Service Platforms
The Service platforms are responsible for storing and making decisions based on the
collected data from every type of IoT devices.
It delivers value to the users by automating various processes and data analysis.
The cloud is responsible for combining the data and gather pre-processing data to
provides useful insights
What is IoT?
“Internet of things is a wide area network of computing devices
including both digital and mechanical devices interlinked
through internet for establish communication between them to
collect and analyzing the data, and to perform right action on
the data.”
Benefits of Iot
• Benefits to End users
-- Ease of doing things
-- Emergency services
-- Security Services
Benefits to Business
-- Process Improvement
-- Asset Utilization
-- New market opportunities
-- Workspace security
IoT Implementation and Challenges
• Security
• Regularity and Legal Issue
• Network latency
• Unavailability of Standardized Platform and common architectures
• Scalability
• Limited type of Sensors
• Power Supply
Real world Applications of IoT
• Industrial Manufacturing: This is for supervisors, manages, and the upper
leadership for remote supervision of their industrial plants from separate location.
• The IoT sensor used to check the quality of industrial equipment to avoid the
mishaps
• The sensor immediately notifies the engineers when any value at real time exceeds
its range.
• IoT has impact on supply chain management also. Both, manufacturers and
consumers can monitor their product location, time of delivery, etc.
• Smart factories generating automatic solutions in its operations
Smart Industries:
Real world Applications of IoT
• Consumer: For a common man the
IoT is collection of large number of
IoT devices which can increase the
productivity in their daily life
• Ex: fitness band, digital assistance
• Retail: Retails are increasingly using
IoT technology in order to boost the
retain their customers, satisfaction,
and experience
• Ex: Antenna, RFID
RFID tag embedded in the goods, so that
the information will be communicated to
the IoT based system.
Marketing
- Understanding consumer mindset
and habits
- Customer interaction is analyzed
better
Finance
- Asset management results in smart
Risk management
Ex: modify the insurance policy based on
the driving habbits
Health Care
- Patient issues are monitored regularly
- Manufacturers gathers the
information from the medical
instruments working status
- Tiny sensors with pills check the
right dosage of medicine
Transportation and Logistics
- Fleet management records vehicle
usages, schedule, and routes etc.,
Agriculture and Environment
Smart farming: collects data from
climate, soil, equipment, resources
Energy
Reconfigure when there is a power failure,
isolation, detection of failures
Smart City
-- Traffic issues: collect data, evaluate
data and forward to central traffic system
-- Smart metering: gas, water, and energy
consumption measuring
Government
Public transportation, mapping, land use,
utilities, geographical mapping of country
IP based infrastructure monitoring
Military
Automation at checkpoints
Vehicles, uniforms, weapons…
IoT and Robotic Work Automation
• With IoT, robots have become more connected and aware of surrounding.
• AI facilitates robot to sense and perform actions on data
• IN 2014 KUKA collaborated with Microsoft to built a large factory with IoT enabled
roots and devices,
• Home automation: dishwashers, refrigerators, sump pumps, etc.,
Future of the IoT
• Yesterdays science fiction movies is todays consumer electronics
• The major growth of IoT
• Self driving and smart cars
• The raise in IoT clothing
• The raise in smart home devices
• The raise in smart cities
• The rise in cyber crimes
• AI influence is the next big thing
• Scope of the new research/invention
• The growth of IoT will be boosted by 5G network
