Self Introduction

Engr. Raziq Hussain

Addl. Manager (Transmission Planning)
O/o General Manager (Power System Planning)

NTDC Experience:-
Nearly 14 year’s experience in the field of:-
▪ Power System Modeling and Analysis using (PSS/E, PSCAD, DigSilent)
▪ Load Flow & Short Circuit Studies
▪ Dynamic/Transient stability Studies
▪ Grid Interconnection & Transmission Planning
▪ Reactive Power Management & Fault Mitigation
▪ Renewable Integration (PV, Wind, BESS) & HVDC Studies
 Sequence of Presentation

❖ Introduction of Existing NTDC System

❖ Introduction & Explanation of Transmission System Expansion Plan(TSEP)

❖ Introduction to PSS/E Software used in TSEP

❖ Power System Modeling in PSS/E

3
Introduction to NTDC
Power System
 Power Market Supply Chain

1
Page 2
 Installed Generation Capacity (MW)

Description Installed Percentage

WAPDA Hydel 9,476 22% IPPs Fossil Fuels

13,279, 32% Imported Coal
IPPs Hydel 1,205 3% 4,620, 11%

GENCOs 4,507 11%

Thar Coal
IPPs Fossil Fuels 13,279 32% 2,640, 6%
Imported Coal 4,620 11% Bagasse
364, 1%
Thar Coal 2,640 6%
GENCOs Nuclear
Bagasse 364 1% 4,507, 11% 3,545, 8%
Nuclear 3,545 8%
IPPs Hydel Solar
Solar 1,205, 3% 650, 2%
650 2%
Wind
Wind 1,845 4% 1,845, 4%
WAPDA Hydel
Total 42,131 100% 9,476, 22%

6
 Transmission Capacity & Length of Transmission Lines
The information on the transmission lines, grid station and transformers in NTDC system is as below;

In addition to above, there are some other 500 kV and 220 kV grid stations owned by other entities but
are part of NTDC system:
• 500 kV Tarbela and Ghazi Brotha having 500/220 kV transformation capacity of 1350 MVA and
1200 MVA respectively.
• 220 kV Mangla, KAPCO and Bahria town having 414 MVA, 500 MVA and 63 MVA respectively.

7
Existing NTDC Transmission System -2025

8
 Power System Overview — Electricity Demand And Supply

Peak Demand (NTDC):

31,270 MW (2023)
Dependable Capacity FY 2022-23
Peak Supply (NTDC): Share Distribution
Fuel (MW)
25,501 MW Company
(Aug 2023),@ 11:59 PM) Type

GWh (%)
NTDC KE (%)
TESCO 2,358 2%
Hydro 10,666 - 27%
PESCO 17,098 12%
70% Coal 6,776 52 17% IESCO 9%
13,449
North:
30% Gas 3,000 100 8% FESCO 18,079 13% 81%
Bagasse Load
RLNG 6,598 2,418 22% GEPCO 13,088 9%
Coal

RFO 4,070 245 10% LESCO 29,254 20%

Gas
MEPCO 23,240 16%
Nuclear 3,326 - 8%
Hydel
QESCO 6,933 5%
Bagasse 278 - 1%
Nuclear SEPCO 4,635 3% South:
Peak Demand (KE): Wind 1,845 - 5% 19%
3,670 MW (2023) Oil HESCO 5,792 4% Load

Solar
Solar 634 100 2% K-Electric 9,328 7%
Peak Supply (KE):
3,401 MW
Wind Total 37,193 2,915 100% Total 143,251 100%

1
 Electricity Supply & Demand: Geographical Challenge
CHINA
North
Generation (MW) 6,710 28%
Summer AFGHANISTAN
Demand (MW) 2,718 12%

Generation (MW) 521 4%

Winter IESCO
Demand (MW) 1,818 14% 9% 11%
GEPCO
13% 9%

INDIA

MEPCO
20% 14%
South QESCO Centre
Generation 3% 4%
7,599 32% IRAN Generation (MW) 9,311 40%
(MW) SEPCO Summer
Summer 4% 2%
Demand Demand (MW) 16,950 72%
3,952 16%
(MW)
Generation HESCO Generation (MW) 5,609 42%
7,110 54% Winter
(MW) 5% 3%
Winter Demand (MW) 9,050 68%
Demand
2,372 18% KESC*
(MW) a All the percentages have been expressed as percentage of National Total
4% 7%
* Demand numbers have been computed on served basis.
Page 10 *KESC: Export from NTDC network
Transmission System
Expansion Plan (TSEP)
 Introduction and Explanation of TSEP

❑ Introduction of TSEP
❑ Objectives of TSEP
❑ Approach and Methodology
❑ System Reliability Criteria
❑ Process of TSEP Development
❑ Process for Development of Base Case Models
❑ Transmission Expansion Plan of NTDC up to 2033-34
❑ Cost Estimates of Transmission Projects

12
 Introduction of TSEP
❑ As per approved grid code 2023, NTDC is mandated to develop a 10-year centralized
Transmission System Expansion Plan (TSEP) and submit to SO for review &
submission to NEPRA.

❑ TSEP provides solutions for the existing transmission constraints and future network
expansion requirements.

❑ TSEP identifies the requirement of following projects, in addition to the already

planned/ongoing projects:
• Power evacuation schemes for upcoming generation projects
• System reinforcement/expansion for removal of transmission constraints and to
meet future load demand
• Cross-border import/export of power
• System stability improvement and voltage support
 Introduction of TSEP … Cont’d
Objectives:
• To identify generation interconnection schemes to ensure evacuation of power from
new generation plants to the load centers.
• To determine the expansion/reinforcement requirements to meet the latest load demand
of the DISCOs.
• To assess system short circuit levels and to propose remedial measures to keep the
fault currents within their ratings.
• To ascertain that the integrated power system is transiently stable when subjected to
fault conditions.
• To determine reactive power compensation requirements for voltage control & system
stability.
• To prepare costing of the proposed transmission projects
• Recommendations for improvement of system performance
14
 Approach and Methodology

Basis: Transmission System Expansion Plan (TSEP) for the bulk transmission network
(765 kV, 500 kV and 220 kV voltage levels) is developed on the basis of:

• Indicative Generation Capacity Expansion Plan (IGCEP)

• Substation-wise demand forecasts at the system and each DISCO level

• Expansion plans of DISCOs and KE

System Analysis: Extensive system analysis for different operating scenarios (peak /
off-peak load demand and generation dispatch in summer and winter seasons).

• Load Flow Analysis

• Short Circuit Analysis

• Transient Stability Analysis

15
 Approach and Methodology … Cont’d
Base Cases: Three spot years are selected to develop system study base:
• Year 2026-27
• Year 2028-29
• Year 2033-34
Operating Scenarios for Detailed Analysis:
The system models are developed of the following operating scenarios for each spot year for
considering the seasonal variation of load demand and generation dispatch:
• Peak Load Summer July/August (high hydro and high demand)
• Peak Load Summer June (low hydro as compared to July and high demand)
• Peak and off-Peak Load Winter (low hydro and low demand)
• Day-Peak Load Summer (high solar quantum)

Reliability Criteria: TSEP is prepared in accordance with system operating criteria/limits as

mentioned in Grid Code 2023.
16
 System Reliability Criteria

The system studies (load flow, short circuit and transient stability studies) have been
carried out keeping in view the following system operating criteria/limits in accordance with
Grid Code 2023:

Voltage Limits:
• UHVAC System of 800 kV Class (Nominal (765 kV)
+4.58% / -4.84% under normal and +4.58% / -6.8% under N-1 contingency conditions.
The upper limit of the voltage is 800 kV in both normal and contingency conditions.

• HVAC System of 500 kV and below

±5% under N-0 and ±10% under N-1 conditions. However, voltages at some generators
and/or substations may be kept up to +8% under N-0 condition as per system
requirement.

17
 System Reliability Criteria …. Cont’d

Transformer Loading Limits:

80% under N-0 and 110% under N-1 condition

Transmission Line Loading Limits:

80% under N-0 and 100% under N-1 condition

Transient Stability:
The strength of the system shall be to maintain stability of the system for the following
disturbance conditions:
• Three phase faults cleared in 5 cycles followed by the outage of the associated
component.
• Single phase fault cleared in 12.5 cycles (stuck breaker condition) followed by the
outage of the associated component.

18
Process for TSEP Development

19
Process for Development of Power Flow Models / Base Cases
for Each Spot Year

20
 Category-wise Transmission Projects in TSEP 2024

Already Planned/Ongoing and

Newly Proposed Projects:
• Power Evacuation and Import/Export projects

• 765 kV, 500 kV and 220 kV Grid/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines

• 765 kV, 500 kV and 220 kV T/Lines for System Reinforcement

• Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV Transformers

• For System Stability/Reliability Improvement and Voltage Support

21
 NTDC Transmission Network Expansion as per TSEP 2024

765 kV 500 kV 220 kV ±660 kV ±500 kV

Year
T/L T/L T/L T/L
No. of T/F Cap. No. of T/F Cap. No. of T/F Cap.
Length km (T/L) Length Length Length
G/S (MVA) G/S (MVA) G/S (MVA)
(km) (km) (km) (km)

2023-24 - - - 18 25,950 9,275 51 39,840 12,416 2x886 -

2026-27 2 6,000 508 24 39,750 11,516 65 52,860 14,862 2x886 2x113

2028-29 3 9,600 2,152 26 44,200 14,150 66 54,360 15,004 2x886 2x113

2033-34 3 9,600 2,152 28 48,550 14,683 67 56,470 15,088 2x886 2x113

22
 Cost Estimates of Already Planned/Ongoing Projects

Estimated Cost
Sr. No. Projects
(MUSD)
1 Power Dispersal and Import/Export projects 741.46

2 765 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines 185.10

500/220 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated

3 397.83
Transmission Lines
4 220/132 kV Grid Stations and Associated T/Lines 780.93
5 Transmission Lines for System Reinforcement 654.24
Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV
6 62.49
Transformers
7 Projects for Stability/Reliability Improvement and Voltage Support 390.01

Total 3,212.06

Note: For ongoing transmission projects, Cost to be incurred in future is indicated in the above table. 23
Cost Estimates of Newly Proposed Projects in TSEP 2033-34

Estimated Cost
Sr. No. Projects
(MUSD)

1 Power Dispersal and Import/Export projects 2470.13

2 500 kV & 220 kV Grid/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines 1074.68

3 Transmission Lines for System Reinforcement 1175.90

Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV

4 54.94
Transformers

5 Projects for Stability/Reliability Improvement and Voltage Support 665.45

6 Line Reactors proposed in TSEP 135.00

Total 5,576.1
24
Total Cost Estimates of Transmission Projects up to 2033-24

Estimated Cost
Sr. No. Projects
(MUSD)

1 Already Planned/Ongoing Projects 3,212

2 Newly Proposed Projects in TSEP 2033-34 5,576

Grand Total 8,788

25
Existing Network Configuration (April 2024)

26
Expected Network Configuration by 2026-27

27
Expected Network Configuration by 2028-29

28
Expected Network Configuration by 2033-34

29
List of Planned / Ongoing Projects

30
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024
Power Dispersal & Import/Export projects
Length of
Sr. Voltage Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit
No. (kV) Config. Completion Date
(km)

1 Dasu HPP Dasu HPP (Phase-1: 2160 MW) – Mansehra 765 D/C 157 June 2026

In/Out of one circuit of the existing Neelum Jhelum HPP

2 Suki Kinari HPP 500 D/C 75 May 2024
– Nokhar (Gujranwala) D/C T/Line at Suki Kinari HPP

102
In/Out of Port Qasim CFPP – Matiari S/C at K-2/K-3
3 K-2/K-3 NPP 500 D/C (14 km already August 2024
NPP
completed)

Tarbela 5th Ext. HPP – Islamabad West D/C 55

4 Tarbela 5th Ext. HPP 500 November 2024
Tarbela 5th Ext. HPP – Tarbela S/C 2

HVDC Convertor Station HVDC Bi-pole Line from Tajikistan to Nowshera Azakhel ±500 kV
5 113 February 2025
at Nowshera (Azakhel) (CASA-1000) DC

31
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Power Dispersal & Import/Export projects
Length of Each
Sr. Voltage Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Circuit
No. (kV) Config. Completion Date
(km)

1200 MW Solar Power

In/Out of H.B. Shah PP – Muzaffargarh S/C at
6 Plant near Haveli 500 D/C 4.5 2027-28
1200 MW Solar Power Plant
Bahadur Shah

Mohmand HPP – Jamrud D/C 65

7 Mohmand HPP 220 2026-27

Mohmand HPP – Nowshera Industrial D/C 70

600 MW Solar Power

In/Out of Trimmu – T.T. Singh S/C at 600 MW
8 Plant near Trimmu 220 D/C 23 2026-27
Solar Power Plant
Jhang

600 MW Solar Power In/Out of KAPCO – Multan S/C at 600 MW Solar

9 220 D/C 4 2026-27
Plant near Muzaffargarh Power Plant

75
10 Gwadar Gwadar – Pak Iran Border 220 D/C (30.7 km already 2027-28
completed)
Note: 500 kV KKI Grid Station is being constructed by K-Electric and its expected commissioning is in July 2024. 32
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
765 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines
Length of
Sr. Circuit Each Transformer Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description
No. Config. Circuit Capacity (MVA) Completion Date
(km)

G/S: December 2025

1 Mansehra Mansehra – Islamabad West D/C 97 2 x 1200
T/L: June 2026

Upgradation of Islamabad West

2 3 x 1200 December 2026
from 500 kV to 765 kV

500/220 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines

Length of
Sr. Circuit Each Transformer Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description
No. Config. Circuit Capacity (MVA) Completion Date
(km)
In/Out of Tarbela – Peshawar S/C at
1 Nowshera (Azakhel) D/C 12 2 x 750 August-2024
Nowshera Azakhel

T/F #1: August 2024

Lahore North – Lahore South CS D/C 105
T/F #2: October 2024
2 Lahore North 3 x 750
T/F #3: December 2024
Lahore North – Nokhar D/C 45 T/L: Already Completed
33
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
500/220 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines
Length of Transformer
Sr. Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Capacity
No. Config. Completion Date
(km) (MVA)
81 km
Maira – Suki Kinari HPP D/C (remaining part
S/S: August 2024
of total 156 km)
Maira Switching
3
Station(S/S) Maira – Islamabad West D/C 135 T/L: 2026 27

Karot HPP – Maira D/C 15

Allama Iqbal Industrial 2 x 750

4 In/Out of Gatti - Ghazi Brotha S/C at AIIC D/C 2 November 2024
City (AIIC)-FIEDMC (500/132 kV)

In/Out of Ghazi Brotha HPP – Rewat D/C at

5 Islamabad West 2 x D/C 5.9 3 x 750 December 2026
Islamabad West

6 Sialkot New Sialkot New – Lahore North D/C 55 2 x 750 2026-27

Upgradation of Vehari
7 from 220 kV to 500 kV In/Out of Multan – Sahiwal S/C at Vehari D/C 35 2 x 750 2026-27
Voltage Level
34
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
500/220 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines
Length of Transformer
Sr. Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Capacity
No. Config. Completion Date
(km) (MVA)

In/Out of AIIC – Ghazi Brotha/Tarbela S/C at

D/C 3
Chakwal New 2 x 500
8 Chakwal New 2027-28
In/Out of Gujranwala – Rewat S/C at Chakwal (500/132 kV)
D/C 30
New

220/132 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines

Length of Transformer
Sr. Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Capacity
No. Config. Completion Date
(km) (MVA)

Quaid-e-Azam Business G/S: June 2024

1 In/Out of Bandala – KSK D/C at QABP 2 x D/C 3 2 x 250
Park (QABP) T/L: Already Completed

In/Out of Ghazi Road/Ravi – K.S.K D/C at

2 x D/C 15
Lahore North G/S: August 2024
2 Lahore North 3 x 250
In/Out of Lahore Old – Ravi S/C at Lahore T/L: Already Completed
D/C 14
North
35
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
220/132 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines
Length of Transformer
Sr. Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Capacity
No. Config. Completion Date
(km) (MVA)
G/S: August 2024
3 Zhob Zhob – D.I Khan D/C 220 2 x 160 T/L: Already
Completed
G/S: December 2024
4 Swabi Swabi – Nowshera D/C 55 3 x 250
T/L: July 2024
G/S: December 2024
5 Haripur New In/Out of Mansehra – ISPR S/C at Haripur New D/C 2 3 x 250
T/L: June 2024
Pilot Battery Energy
6 Storage System (BESS) December 2024
at Jhimpir-I
G/S: December 2024
7 Dhabeji SEZ In/Out of Gharo – Jhimpir S/C at Dhabeji SEZ D/C 10 2 x 160
T/L: July 2024

In/Out of the Hala Road – Jamshoro S/C at G/S: December 2024

8 Mirpur Khas New D/C 67 2 x 250
Mirpur Khas New T/L: December 2025

In/Out of C-1/C-2/C-3/C-4 – Ludewala D/C at

9 Jauharabad 2 x D/C 6 2 x 250 June 2025
Jauharabad

36
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
220/132 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines
Length of Transformer
Sr. Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Capacity
No. Config. Completion Date
(km) (MVA)

In/Out of Yousafwala – Kassowal D/C at

10 Arifwala 2 x D/C 25 2 x 250 2026-27
Arifwala

In/out of Shahibagh – Chakdara S/C at

D/C 2
Nowshera
11 Nowshera (Azakhel) 2026-27
In/out of Shahibagh – Nowshera Industrial S/C
D/C 12
at Nowshera

In/Out of Kot Lakhpat – Sarfraz Nagar S/C at

12 Sunder Industrial D/C 2 2 x 250 2026-27
Sunder Industrial

13 Gharo 2 x 250 2026-27

In/Out of Tarbela – ISPR S/C at Islamabad

D/C 12.5
West
14 Islamabad West 3 x 250 December 2026
In/Out of Haripur – ISPR S/C at Islamabad
D/C 21
West

15 H. Faqirian H. Faqirian – Ludewala D/C 88 2 x 250 2026-27

37
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
220/132 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated Transmission Lines
Length of Transformer
Sr. Circuit Expected
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Capacity
No. Config. Completion Date
(km) (MVA)

2026-27
16 Mastung Mastung – Sibbi D/C 147 3 x 160

2026-27
17 Jamrud Jamrud – Peshawar D/C 45 2 x 250

In/Out of Bund Road – New Kot Lakhpat D/C at

18 Punjab University 2 x D/C 1 3 x 250 2026-27
Punjab University

19 Gujranwala-II Gujranwala-II – Nokhar D/C 80 2 x 250 2026-27

Sialkot New – Sialkot (Sahuwala) D/C 12

20 Sialkot New 3 x 250 December 2026
Sialkot New – Gujranwala-II D/C 36

In/Out of 220 kV Multan – M. Garh New S/C at

D/C 5
Nagshah
21 Nagshah 2 x 250 2026-27
In/Out of 220 kV Multan – M. Garh-II at S/C
D/C 5
Nagshah
38
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
220/132 kV Grid Stations/Switching Stations and Associated T/Lines
Length of Transformer Expected
Sr. Circuit
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Capacity Completion
No. Config.
(km) (MVA) Date

In/Out of 220 kV I.S.P.R – Mansehra S/C at Zero

D/C 22.5
Point
22 Zero Point 2 x 250 2026-27
In/Out of 220 kV Islamabad University – Rawat
D/C 4
S/C at Zero Point

Transmission Lines for System Reinforcement

Length of Expected
Sr. Circuit
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Voltage (kV) Each Circuit Completion
No. Config.
(km) Date

In/Out of one circuit of the proposed Islamabad

1 500 D/C 270 2026-27
West -Ghazi Brotha D/C T/L at Faisalabad West

Sahiwal – Sahiwal CFPP 500 S/C 11.6

Reinforcement of
2 2026-27
Sahiwal Area
2x500 kV line bays
39
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Transmission Lines for System Reinforcement
Length of Expected
Sr. Voltage Circuit
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Completion
No. (kV) Config.
(km) Date

OHL line from Peshawar to In/Out point of Nowshera

500 D/C 29
using the same right of way
Second Source of
Supply to 500 kV Sheikh 500 kV line bay at Sheikh Muhammadi
3 2026-27
Muhammadi
Nowshera - Ghazi Brotha
(By-passing of 500 kV Tarbela – Ghazi Brotha – 500 D/C 52
Chakwal S/C from Ghazi Brotha)

In/Out of Trimmu RLNG - FBD West S/C at Sammundri

Second Source of 220 D/C 35 May 2024
Road
4 Supply to Jaranwala
Road Sammundri Road to Jaranwala Road (Including 2 km
220 D/C 23 2026-27
U/G cable)

5 Faisalabad West – Lalian New 220 D/C 56 October 2024

Reconductoring of Tarbela – Burhan D/C on twin

6 220 D/C 35 2025-26
bundled Rail conductor
40
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Transmission Lines for System Reinforcement
Length of Expected
Sr. Voltage Circuit
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Completion
No. (kV) Config.
(km) Date

Reconductoring of Bund Road – Kot Lakhpat D/C T/L

7 220 D/C 17 2026-27
(Partially on U/G cable)

In/Out of Jamshoro – T.M. Khan S/C at Hala Road

220 D/C 21
(Part-1)
8 2026-27
In/Out of Jamshoro – T.M. Khan S/C at Hala Road
220 D/C 3
(Part-II on Composite Tower)

Dharki – Rahim Yar Khan 220 D/C 105

Interlinking of 220 kV
Dharki – Rahim Yar
Rahim Yar Khan – Bahawalpur 220 D/C 150
9 khan – Bahawalpur – 2026-27
Lal Suhanra - Chistian
In/Out of Chishtian – Vehari S/C at Lal Sohanra 220 D/C 80

Reconductoring of Burhan – ISPR D/C on twin bundled

10 220 D/C 27.5 2026-27
Rail conductor

41
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV Transformers
Transformer Expected
Sr. Voltage
Name of Grid Station Transformer Description Capacity Completion
No. Ratio (kV)
(MVA) Date

November
1 Nokhar Extension of 4th Transformer 500/220 1 x 600
2024

2 Lahore (Sheikhupura) Replacement of 1x450 MVA Transformer with 1x600 MVA 500/220 1 x 600

3 Faisalabad West Extension of 3rd Transformer 500/220 1 x 750

4 Multan Replacement of old 1x450 MVA Transformer with new one 500/220 1 x 450 2026-27

5 Dadu Extension of 3rd Transformer 500/220 1 x 450

6 Lahore North Extension of 4th Transformer 500/220 1 x 750

Sheikh Muhammadi
7 Extension of 4th Transformer 500/220 1 x 450 2028-29
(Peshawar)
42
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV Transformers
Voltage Transformer Expected
Sr. Name of Grid
Transformer Description Ratio Capacity Completion
No. Station
(kV) (MVA) Date

8 Khuzdar Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 160

May-2024
9 Rohri Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 250

10 Bahawalpur Augmentation of 1x160 MVA Transformers with 1x250 MVA 220/132 1 x 250

11 Quetta Industrial Augmentation of 1x160 MVA Transformers with 1x250 MVA 220/132 1 x 250

12 Sibbi Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 160

13 Loralai Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 250 June-2024

14 Wapda Town Augmentation of 2x160 MVA Transformers with 2x250 MVA 220/132 2 x 250

15 Sheikhupura Augmentation of 4x160 MVA Transformers with 4x250 MVA 220/132 4 x 250

16 Ludewala Augmentation of 1x160 MVA Transformers with 1x250 MVA 220/132 1 x 250
43
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV Transformers
Voltage Transformer Expected
Sr. Name of Grid
Transformer Description Ratio Capacity Completion
No. Station
(kV) (MVA) Date

17 New Kot Lakhpat Extension of 4th Transformer 220/132 1 x 250 June 2024

18 T.M. Khan Augmentation of 2x160 MVA Transformers with 2x250 MVA 220/132 2 x 250

19 Hala Road Augmentation of 2x160 MVA Transformers with 2x250 MVA 220/132 2 x 250
August 2024
20 Jamshoro Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 160

21 Guddu Extension of 2nd Transformer 220/132 1 x 160

22 Nokhar Augmentation of 3x160 MVA Transformers with 3x250 MVA 220/132 3 x 250 November 2024

23 Islamabad University Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 250 December 2024

24 Yousafwala Augmentation of 1x160 MVA Transformers with 1x250 MVA 220/132 1 x 250 2024-25

25 Guddu Augmentation of 2x160 MVA Transformers with 2x250 MVA 220/132 2 x 250 2026-27
44
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV Transformers
Voltage Transformer Expected
Sr. Name of Grid
Transformer Description Ratio Capacity Completion
No. Station
(kV) (MVA) Date

26 R.Y. Khan Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 250 2026-27

27 Allai Khwar Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 160 2026-27

28 Yousafwala Augmentation of 3x160 MVA Transformers with 3x250 MVA 220/132 3 x 250 2026-27

29 Guddu Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 250 2027-28

Projects for Stability/Reliability

Expected
Sr. No. Name of Project Project Description
Completion Date

96 MVAR Switched Shunt

Static Var System (SVS) at 132 kV
1 2026-27
Quetta Industrial
±150 MVAR STATCOM

96 MVAR Switched Shunt

2 SVS at 132 kV Khuzdar 2026-27
±100 MVAR STATCOM
45
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Projects for Voltage Support and Stability/Reliability Improvement
Expected
Sr. No. Name of Project Project Description
Completion Date

96 MVAR Switched Shunt each at 132 kV Ravi, Ghazi Road, Wapda Town, Punjab
Reactive Power Compensation at University, Lahore North, Lalian New, Nishatabad, Nokhar, KAPCO, Piranghaib,
3 2026-27
220 kV and 132 kV Grid Stations Bahawalpur, Sahuwala, Jaranwala Road, Arifwala, Vehari, Mastung and 220 kV Kala
Shah Kaku

Mitigation of high fault level at 16 Ohm inter bus Current Limiting Reactor (CLR) between 132 kV bus bars of
4 2026-27
132 kV Burhan Burhan 220/132 kV Grid station

46
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Newly Proposed Power Dispersal & Import/Export projects
Length of Expected
Sr. Voltage Circuit
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Completion
No. (kV) Config.
(km) Date

Basha HPP – Dasu HPP 765 D/C 75 2027-28

Mansehra – Lahore North 765 D/C 350

In/Out of one circuit of Basha HPP – Dasu HPP D/C at 2028-29
500 D/C 157
Manshera
Basha HPP – Suki Kinari HPP 500 D/C 190
1 Basha HPP
50% Series Compensation of D/C T/Line from Basha HPP to 2027-28
500 D/C
Suki Kinari HPP

Basha HPP – Maira Switching Station 500 D/C 350

50% Series Compensation of D/C T/Line from Basha HPP to 2028-29
500 D/C
Maira Switching Station

2 Balakot HPP In/Out of Maira – Suki Kinari HPP S/C at Balakot HPP 500 D/C 2 2027-28

In/Out of Ludewala – Nowshera S/C at C-5 NPP D/C 19.25

3 C-5 NPP 500 2029-30
C-5 NPP – Ludewala S/C 150

47
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Newly Proposed 765, 500 & 220 kV Grid Stations and Associated T/Lines
Length of Expected
Sr. Circuit Transformer
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit Completion
No. Config. Capcity (MVA)
(km) Date

765 kV

Upgradation of Lahore North from

1 500 kV to 765 kV (Part of scope of 3 x 1200 2028-29
work of Basha HPP)

500 kV

In/Out of one circuit of Yousafwala –

D/C 15
Upgradation of Okara from 220 kV to Sahiwal CFPP D/C at Okara
1 2 x 750 2027-28
500 kV
Okara – Lahore South CS D/C 70

In/Out of proposed Nowshera – Ghazi

Upgradation of Ludewala from 220 kV Brotha S/C at Ludewala D/C 325
2 2 x 750 2027-28
to 500 kV
Ludewala – Faisalabad West D/C 100

Upgradation of Gujrat from 220 kV to In/Out of Maira – Lahore North S/C at

3 D/C 52.5 2 x 750 2029-30
500 kV Gujrat
48
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Newly Proposed 765, 500 & 220 kV Grid Stations and Associated Transmission Lines
Length of Transforme Expected
Sr. Circuit
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Each Circuit r Capcity Completion
No. Config.
(km) (MVA) Date

500 kV

In/Out of Lahore South CS – Lahore North D/C at Lahore

4 Lahore East 2 x D/C 60 2 x 750 2032-33
East

220 kV

1 DHA Prism In/Out of Ghazi Road – Lahore South S/C at DHA Prism D/C 1 2 x 250 2027-28

Burewala – Vehari D/C 30

2 Burewala 2 x 250 2027-28
Burewala – Arifwala D/C 40

3 Lodhran In/Out of M. Garh – Bahawalpur D/C at Lodhran 2 x D/C 20.5 3 x 250 2032-33

4 Lahore East In/Out of Ghazi Road – Shalimar S/C at Lahore East D/C 22.7 3 x 250 2032-33

49
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Newly Proposed Transmission Lines for System Reinforcement
Length of
Expected
Sr. Voltage Circuit Each
Name of Project Transmission Line Description Completion
No. (kV) Config. Circuit
Date
(km)

Reinforcement of South Matiari – Moro 500 D/C 155

1 to North transmission 2026-27
interface
Moro – R.Y. Khan 500 D/C 335

In/Out of one circuit of the proposed Sialkot New – Lahore

2 500 D/C 235 2027-28
North D/C T/L at Maira

In/Out of one circuit of the proposed Maira – Karot HPP D/C

3 500 D/C 240 2028-29
T/L at Lahore North

Re-conductoring of 220 kV D/C T/Line from KSK to Bund

4 220 D/C 27 2028-29
Road Grid Station

5 Nishatabad – Gatti 3rd circuit 220 S/C 2.2 2032-33

50
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Newly Proposed Extension/Augmentation of 500/220 kV and 220/132 kV Transformers
Voltage Transformer Expected
Sr.
Name of Project Transformer Description Ratio Capacity Completion
No.
(kV) (MVA) Date

1 Muzaffargarh Extension of 3rd Transformer 500/220 1 x 600 2025-26

2 R.Y. Khan Extension of 3rd Transformer 500/220 1 x 600 2032-33

3 Sialkot New Extension of 3rd Transformer 500/220 1 x 750 2032-33

4 Sarfraz Nagar Augmentation of 1x160 MVA Transformers with 1x250 MVA 220/132 1x250 June 2024

5 D.I. Khan Extension of 3rd Transformer 220/132 1 x 250 2027-28

6 Faisalabad West Extension of 4th Transformer 220/132 1 x 250 2032-33

7 Zhob Augmentation of 2x160 MVA Transformers with 2x250 MVA 220/132 2 x 250 2032-33

8 Dadu Augmentation of 2x160 MVA Transformers with 2x250 MVA 220/132 2 x 250 2032-33

51
 Transmission System Expansion Plan 2024 …. Cont’d
Newly Proposed Projects for Voltage Support and Stability/Reliability Improvement
Sr. Expected
Name of Project Project Description
No. Completion Date

Reactive Power Compensation at 220 kV 96 MVAR Switched Shunt Capacitors each at 220 kV Lahore South and 132 kV
1 2025-26
& 132 kV Grid Stations Sarfraz Nagar

• 2x111 MVAR at 500 kV Shikarpur

Bus Reactors at 500 & 220 kV Grid • 111 MVAR each at 500 kV Sheikh Muhammadi, Rewat, Faisalabad West and
2 2026-27
Stations D.G. Khan
• 60 MVAR each at 220 kV Zhob, D.M. Jamali and Loralai

3 STATCOM at 500 kV Grid Stations ±400 MVAR each at 500 kV Dadu, Guddu, M. Garh, R.Y. Khan and Sheikhupura 2027-28

96 MVAR Switched Shunt Capacitors at 132 kV switchyard of proposed 220/132 kV

4 Reactive Power Compensation 2027-28
Burewala

5 STATCOM at 500 & 220 kV Grid Stations ±400 MVAR each at 500 kV Faisalabad West and 220 kV Chishtian 2032-33

Reactive Power Compensation at 132 kV 96 MVAR Switched Shunt capacitors each at 132 kV R. Y. Khan, Lodhran and
6 2032-33
Grid Stations Islamabad University

7 Bus Reactor 60 MVAR Bus at 220 kV Mirpur Khas 2032-33

8 Switchgear replacement Replacement of switchgear equipment at 500 kV Gatti 2032-33

52
Introduction to
PSSE Software

18 th F E B R UA RY, 202 5
 Modeling Practice for TSEP Planning
Power System Simulator for Engineering (PSS/E) software is used to model transmission system network and to carry out
system studies for development of transmission expansion plans.
• PSS/E is a powerful software tool developed by Siemens for electrical transmission system analysis and planning.
• PSS/E is most widely used by utilities, grid operators, and engineers.
• In Pakistan, PSS/E is used by NTDC, DISCOs, K-Electric and local consultants.

PSS®E Key Features

• Comprehensive Modelling: Simulates electrical networks, including generators, transformers, transmission lines,
and loads.
• Load Flow Analysis: Evaluates the steady-state operation of a power system to ensure reliable and efficient
energy distribution.
• Dynamic Stability Analysis: Assesses system behaviour during transient conditions to ensure stability and
prevent outages.
• Short-Circuit Analysis: Determines the impacts of faults and ensures system protection mechanisms are
effective.
• Contingency Analysis: Identifies potential issues by simulating various system contingencies and their effects on
grid stability.

54
 A Quick Overview
❑ Bare-bones essentials of PSS®E power flow are as under:

❑ Basic data categories: Buses/Loads/Plants/Generators/Lines/Transformers /Shunts

❑ Power flow solution and modelling
❑ Tree View
❑ Diagram View
❑ Single One Line Diagram
 Overview of Creating a New Case in PSS/E
❑ Use menu bar File>New or toolbar button
❑ Choose New Network Case
❑ Enter Base MVA, frequency, rating options
 Modelling a Bus in PSS/E

P constant Q constant V constant  constant

Type 1 * *
Type 2 * *
Type 3 (Swing) * *
 Modelling a Fixed Bus Shunt in PSS/E
❑ ID is 2-character alphanumeric.

❑ Each bus can have multiple shunt entries.

❑ IEEE convention, i.e. B-Shunt is negative for reactor and positive for capacitor.
 Modelling of Loads in PSS/E
❑ Loads can have Area, Zone and Owner designations separate from the bus to where
loads are attached.
❑ Loads can be constant MVA (Pload, Qload), constant current (IPload, IQload) or
constant admittance (Gload, Bload). Sometimes called ZIP load model.
❑ User can enter constant I or Y loads directly or use CONL (Powerflow >
❑ Convert Loads and Generators…) to convert load.
❑ Loads can be conforming (scalable) or non-confirming (not scalable).
 Modelling of Plants in PSS/E
❑ Plant must exist before machine data can be entered.
❑ Vsched is scheduled voltage at remote bus. If remote bus is 0, plant controls voltage at
the local bus.
 Modelling of Machines (Generators) in PSS/E
❑ MBASE: Machine MVA base
❑ RSource and XSource: Machine impedance in per unit of MBASE and
machine voltage base For implicitly
modeled
❑ RTran and XTran: Generator-step-up transformer impedance in per unit
generator
values of MBASE and machine voltage base step-up
transformers
❑ Gentap: Tap ratio of GSU at high voltage side
 Modelling of Machines (Generators) in PSS/E (Contd…)
❑ All per unit generator data is entered in per
unit on machine MVA base and machine
voltage base.

❑ RSource and XSource are required for

switching studies, fault analysis & dynamic
simulations.

❑ It is highly recommended that the user make

a standard practice of entering this data as a
part of all power flow data base set-ups.

❑ Up to four owners. Each fraction (Fi) must be

positive. The Fi’s are normalized such that
they sum to 1.0 before they are placed in the
working case.
Generator Step-Up Transformer Modelling Options
 Modelling of Two-Winding Transformer in PSS/E

❑ Winding I/O code defines how winding data (WINDV1,

etc.) are entered:
❑ 1 = off-nominal turns ratio in pu of bus base voltage
❑ 2 = winding voltage in kV
❑ 3 = off-nominal turns ratio in pu of nominal winding
voltage

❑ Impedance I/O code defines how impedance data (R1-2,

X1-2, etc.) are entered:
❑ 1 = R and X in per unit on a system power base and
winding voltage base;
❑ 2 = R and X in pu on winding power base and
winding voltage base;
❑ 3 = load loss R in watts and X in pu on winding power
and voltage base
 Modelling of Two-Winding Transformer in PSS/E (Contd…)

❑ Admittance I/O code defines how magnetizing admittance

data (MAG1, MAG2) are entered:
❑ 1 = in pu on system power base and system voltage
base
❑ 2 = no load loss in watts and exciting current in pu on
winding one-two MVA and kV

❑ Control mode defines automatic control modes:

❑ 0 = no control; ±1 = voltage; ±2 = reactive power flow;
±3 = active power flow; ±4 = DC line quantity, ±5 =
asymmetric active power flow.

❑ Tap ratio or phase shift angle auto adjustable only on

Winding 1.

❑ Refer to Program Operation Manual, Section 5.2.1 for

complete format.
 Tree View Basics in PSS/E
❑ Provides quick glance of network
elements, e.g. area numbers, bus
numbers, machine ID’s, etc.

❑ Displays data in each category, e.g.

area, bus, branch, machine, load,
etc., in a folder with a symbol. Folders
are expandable and collapsible.

❑ Indicates whether data items exist in

diagram. Symbol is hollow if not
drawn.

❑ Tree View can be “hidden” or

“docked,” e.g. attached to the left
hand side of the Program Window.
 Single Line Diagram Basics in PSS/E
❑ Purpose: To create/modify a one-line diagram or add elements to network data base in
order to better visisulize the power flow results.

❑ Features of Single Line Diagram

❑ Single Line Diagrams can be accessed by opening the Slider Binary Files (.sld
files)Growing a Diagram to Analyze a specific sub-system or Area/Zones.
❑ Diagram Layers Management
❑ Diagram View Management
❑ Displaying Power flow Results or Impedance Data
 Single Line Diagram Basics in PSS/E (Contd...)
❑ An Example of Single Line Diagram for Peak Load Summer (July) 2031 is as under:
 For any queries:-
[email protected]

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