UNIT-4 MANAGING HEALTH AND SAFETY

SESSION 1: MAINTAIN WORKPLACE SAFETY

SESSION 2: PREVENT ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES

SESSION 3: PROTECT HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK

SESSION 4:
SESSION 9 : MAINTAIN WORKPLACE SAFETY
Maintain workplace safety

● Basic safety rules to follow at workplace – Fire safety, Falls and slips, Electrical safety, Use of
first aid.
Every organization must follow a standard set of safety rules and procedures. These rules must be
stated and displayed clearly at important areas . All the employees must be given a demonstrations
and training to follow safety rules .

Basic Fire safety rules in an organization are :

- Fire escape plans must be installed at proper levels

- Conduct regular drills
- Maintenance of safety equipment must be taken care of regularly

Falls and Slips Safety rules

- Workplace must be proper ventilated

- Floors must be clean and dry
- Oil spills, dust must be immediately cleaned.
- Smoke alarms must be placed at proper intervals
- Keep workplace a no-smoking zone.

Electrical safety rules:

- Electrical equipment approved by a recognised organization.

- Damaged and hazardous electrical equipment should be immediately replaced. all old and
workout and frayed switches and wires should be changed.
- Heat emanating equipment should be kept away from the electrical equipment.
- Take care that the outlets/ circuits should not be overloaded

Use of First Aid

First Aid is the immediate assistance provided to the injured to save life and minimize health loss
till the proper medical aid/ facility is provided.

Every organization must have basic First Aid Kit. Kit must have all necessary items. Make sure to
check for the expiry of medical related items.

Some rules of First Aid are :

- Assure the injured to remain calm and not to panic

 - Keep them warm if they are under shock
- Do not move the victim in case of back/neck injury

A worker may face Occupational hazards at workplace.

SESSION 10 : PREVENT ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES

Accident: an accident is an unplanned event that may happen all of a sudden and may lead to
unwanted or unprecedented results/outcomes.
Or

It can be defined as an unfortunate incident that occurs unintentionally causing hazardous result or
injury or unwanted results.

Emergency : any unexpected situation that needs immediate attention and action.

An emergency situation might pose a sudden risk to life, property health etc. and needs
intervention to prevent deteriorating results/ hazards.

Types of Accidents:
Accidents may be of following types :

- Accidents at workplace : Slips and fall accidents, fire

- Industrial disease/illness
- Road traffic accidents
- Clinical Accidents
- Sports related accidents

Workplace accidents may include injuries that are caused to the workers due to falls, slips and trips

Slip and call accidents may occur at any working environment and the injuries may vary from minor
ache to major severe accident. Some injuries suffered might include fracture, sprain, knee or elbow
injury, wrist or head injuries etc.

An emergency situation is one that:

● threatens the employees, customers or the public
● disrupts or shuts down the operations
● causes physical or environmental damage

Emergencies that require evacuation include:

● Fire
● Explosion
 ● Floods
● Earthquake
● Hurricane
● Tornado
● Toxic material release
● Civil disturbance
● Workplace violence

Handling accidents:
Accidents must be handled carefully. The accident should be handled compassionately without
assigning blame on others.
- Every organization must follow SOP for accident handling
- Safety measures must be placed to prevent workplace accidents
- Immediately call the medical team for any injury
- Stay alert
- Pay attention to and follow emergency drills

SESSION 11: PROTECT HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK

Hazards and sources of hazards,

An organisation can face some health hazards that could put the lives of the employees in danger.
Hazards can be of different types depending on the industry and the environment in which
the employees work. The different types of hazards include:
● Physical
● Chemical
● Biological
● Mechanical

Sources of Hazards
Checklist for Workstations :
The workstation should:
● provide sufficient space for the user to alter position comfortably
● provide adequate lighting
● have windows fitted with adjustable coverings to alter the sunlight level
● be spacious enough when a workstation is shared by more than one person
The display screen should:
 ● display well-defined characters of adequate size and spacing
● have a stable image
● have easily adjustable brightness and contrast
● tilt and swivel easily to suit the user
● be free from glare and reflections
● Use a separate base for the screen or an adjustable table
The keyboard should:
● be able to tilt easily and should be able to separate from the screen to allow the user to
adopt a comfortable working position
● have space in front to provide support for the hands or arms of the user
● have a matt surface
● have clearly legible symbols on the keys
The work surface should:
● provide adequate space for the user
● have a low reflective surface
● be of an adequate size to allow the screen, keyboard and other peripherals to be flexibly
arranged
● have a stable and adjustable document holder, which should be at the same level as the
screen and at the same viewing distance

Workplace Evacuation
In case of emergency there should be provision for evacuation. Evacuation is the process of
emptying a place in case of an emergency, disaster.
Every company must ensure following points for evacuation in case of any emergency:

 An evacuation policy : Every organization must have an evacuation policy. All the Team Leaders
are responsible for informing about the policy to their employees about it. Proper
attention must be paid when the Team Leader is informing you about these details.
Negligence at this time may cost lives.
 Organization must have a designated assembly point for emergencies. Ensure that every
employee/ worker must know where it is.
 A ‘buddy system’ for individuals with special needs or disabilities must be designated.
This system ensures that differently-abled are assisted and guided out of the premises
or the impacted area properly. If you are a buddy to someone, ensure that your buddy is
safe at the assembly point with you.
 Floor plans with evacuation routes in work areas. Ensure that you understand these so you
can use it in time of need.
 Assembly areas, where you are required to assemble after evacuation, must be properly
taken care of.
  Periodic evacuation drills should be conducted. Ensure that you pay attention during
these drills. You need to save your life and you can be helpful in saving someone else’s life
too.

Healthy Living

‘A healthy body has a healthy mind’ - a very popular saying is true .

‘Healthy Lifestyle leads to a healthy being. A healthy living has a lasting impact on an individual
which ultimately yields a healthy environment at home as well as at work place. a happy and
healthy worker will always perform best to his ability.

A healthy lifestyle helps to keep and improve people’s health and well being.

a healthy lifestyle includes :

- healthy eating habits

- physical activities
- stress management
- healthy mind
- sound sleep
- goal setting

a healthy lifestyle takes needs practice, commitment and sincere efforts .

Stay Healthy! Stay Happy!

( IPR resides with NASSCOM)