Science Review: Rocks C.

Marble
1. What causes rocks to transform D. Quartzite
into metamorphic rocks? 6. Gneiss is a metamorphic rock
A. High temperatures and that comes from which original
pressures inside the Earth rock?
B. Exposure to sunlight A. Sandstone
C. Freezing and thawing B. Limestone
D. Contact with water C. Granite
2. What are metamorphic rocks D. Shale
formed from? 7. What is weathering?
A. Sedimentary, igneous, or other A. The movement of rocks from
metamorphic rocks one place to another
B. Only sedimentary rocks B. The process of rocks melting into
C. Only igneous rocks magma
D. Only magma C. The breaking down of rocks due
3. What type of rock is slate formed to exposure to the environment
from? D. The formation of new rocks
A. Limestone underground
B. Granite 8. Which of the following can cause
C. Shale weathering?
D. Sandstone A. Earthquakes and volcanoes
4. Quartzite is formed from which B. Rain, organisms, and
type of rock? temperature changes
A. Granite C. Plate tectonics
B. Sandstone D. Fossil formation
C. Shale 9. What is the Wave Rock in
D. Limestone Western Australia made of?
5. Which metamorphic rock is A. Limestone
formed from limestone? B. Shale
A. Gneiss C. Granite
B. Slate D. Sandstone
10. How old is the Wave Rock 14. Which types of rocks are most
estimated to be? affected by slightly acidic
A. 27 million years old rainwater?
B. 270 thousand years old A. Marble and limestone
C. 2.7 million years old B. Granite and basalt
D. 2700 million years old C. Shale and sandstone
11. What is the key difference D. Slate and quartzite
between weathering and erosion? 15. What type of weathering occurs
A. Weathering forms new rocks, when acidic rain changes the
erosion destroys them composition of rocks?
B. Weathering occurs deep A. Chemical weathering
underground, erosion occurs on the B. Mechanical weathering
surface C. Physical weathering
C. Weathering breaks down rocks D. Biological weathering
where they are, erosion moves the 16. How are limestone caves
broken materials formed?
D. There is no difference A. By lava flow through
12. What changed the Wave Rock underground tunnels
formation into its current shape B. By tectonic plate movement
over time? C. By rainwater reacting with
A. Volcanic activity calcium carbonate in limestone
B. Tectonic shifts D. By wind blowing through rock
C. Weathering and erosion 17. What forms on the ceilings of
D. Human construction limestone caves due to dripping
13. What weak acid is formed when rainwater?
carbon dioxide dissolves in A. Stalagmites
rainwater? B. Stalactites
A. Sulfuric acid C. Crystals
B. Nitric acid D. Columns
C. Hydrochloric acid
D. Carbonic acid
18. What forms on the floors of 22. What is the main cause of rock
limestone caves due to dripping breakage due to temperature
rainwater? changes?
A. Stalactites A. Plant growth
B. Stalagmites B. Expansion of freezing water
C. Sinkholes C. Sunlight exposure
D. Geysers D. Earthquakes
19. What effect do air pollutants 23. Why do mountain climbers
like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen prefer to start climbing early in the
oxides have on rainwater? morning?
A. They purify it A. To avoid sunburn
B. They make it more basic B. To use more daylight
C. They reduce rainfall C. To avoid rockfalls caused by
D. They make it more acidic temperature changes later in the
20. What happens to water when it day
freezes in the cracks of rocks? D. To conserve water
A. It contracts and reduces the 24. What can happen over time
crack size when freeze-and-thaw action
B. It evaporates continues?
C. It expands and widens the A. Rocks become smoother
cracks B. Rocks become warmer
D. It disappears C. Cracks close up
21. What is the term for the D. Rocks break up
repeated freezing and thawing of 25. In which condition is freeze-
water in rock cracks? and-thaw weathering most likely to
A. Chemical weathering occur?
B. Biological weathering A. Hot and dry deserts
C. Freeze-and-thaw action B. Rainforests
D. Rock erosion C. High mountain areas with cold
nights
D. Underwater volcanoes
26. What causes rocks to break C. By growing into cracks and
into fragments during extreme splitting the rocks apart
temperature changes? D. By attracting animals to the
A. Continuous rainfall rocks
B. Expansion and contraction from 30. What role do burrowing animals
heating and cooling like prairie dogs play in
C. High wind pressure weathering?
D. Chemical reaction with air A. They lick the rocks smooth
27. Why do surface layers of rocks B. They dig tunnels that allow air
heat up and expand more than the and water to enter rocks
interior in deserts? C. They avoid rocks and focus on
A. Because deserts have constant soil
cold temperatures D. They protect rocks from erosion
B. Because the surface is exposed 31. Which of the following
to sunlight while the interior is not organisms is mentioned as causing
C. Because wind cools the interior physical weathering of rocks?
D. Because rain keeps the interior A. Earthworms
moist B. Prairie dogs
28. What effect does repeated C. Fish
heating and cooling have on rocks? D. Butterflies
A. It strengthens them
B. It smooths their surface
C. It causes cracks and breaks
them into smaller pieces
D. It makes them shiny
29. How do plant roots contribute
to weathering of rocks?
A. By blocking sunlight from
reaching the rocks
B. By releasing acids that dissolve
the rocks