Light, Reflection and Refraction

Numerical problems

1.Find the focal length of convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 6 cm ?

R = + 6.00 cm
f= ?
𝑅
𝑓=
2
6
𝑓= = 3 𝑐𝑚
2
2.An object is placed at 25 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. At what distance from the mirror
should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image ?
Ans. :
1 1 1
+ =
𝑣 𝑢 𝑓
1 1 1
= −
𝑣 𝑓 𝑢
1 1 1
= −
𝑣 −15 −25

= - 5 +3 /75 = -2/75 = 75/-2 = -37.5 cm

The screen should be placed at a distance of 37·5 cm, in front of the concave mirror.
3.An object is kept on the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 12 cm. If the object is at a
distance of 18 cm from the mirror, calculate the image distance. Determine the nature of the image formed
by calculating the magnification produced by the mirror.
Ans. :
Focal length f =-12cm , object distance u =-18cm , image distance v = ?,
1 1 1 1 1 1
Lens formula: = + OR = −
f v u 𝑣 𝑓 𝑢

1 1 1
= −
v −12 −18
1 1 1
= + = −3 + 2
𝑣 −12 18 36
1 1
=−
v 36
v = −36 𝑐m
magnification :

𝑣 −(−36)
𝑚= − = = −2
𝑢 −18
Nature of the image : Real , inverted and larger than object
4.A concave lens has focal length of 15 cm. At what distance should the object from the lens be placed so that it forms
an image at 10 cm from the lens ?
1 1 1
+ =
𝑣 𝑢 𝑓
1 1 1
= −
𝑢 𝑣 𝑓
1 1 1
= − =
𝑢 −10 −15

1
= -3+2/30 = − 30 = −3𝑜 𝑐𝑚

5.An object is placed at a distance of 15 cm on the principal axis in front of a concave lens with a focal length
of 10 cm. Find the image distance.
b) Given f = – 10 cm, u = – 15 cm
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= −
𝑭 𝑽 𝑼
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
=− −
𝑽 𝑭 𝑼
= -3 -2/30
𝟓 𝟏
=− =−
𝟑𝟎 𝟔
𝑽 = −6 cm
Image distance = – 6 cm.
6.a light ray enters from air to benzene having refractive index 1.50.Calculate the speed of the light in benzene
9 speed of light in air is 3 X 10 8 ms-1)?

7.A concave lens has focal length of 12 cm .At what distance should the object from the lens be placed so that
it forms an image at 9 cm from the lens ?
8.A concave lens has focal length of 25 cm. At what distance should the object from the lens be placed so that
it forms an image at 20 cm from the lens ? Find the magnification of the
image produced by the lens.

9.A concave lens has focal length of 30 cm . At what distance should be object from the lens be placed so that it forms
an image at 20 cm from the lens ?

Ans :

v= - 20 cm

f= - 30 cm
1 1 1
− =
𝑣 𝑢 𝑓
1 1 1
= −
𝑢 𝑣 𝑓
1 1 1
= −
𝑢 −20 −30
3−2 1
= =
−60 −60
𝑢 = −60 𝑐𝑚

10.If the focal lengths of two lenses A and B are + 0・50 m and – 0・40 m respectively. Mention the types of
these lenses in the same order
) + 0・50 m → Convex lens
– 0・40 m → Concave lens

11.Object distance and image distance of a lens are –30 cm and –10 cm respectively. Find the magnification
and decide the type of lens used and nature of the image.(2Marks)
Ans. :
Here, object distance u = – 30 cm
Here v is negative ,the used lens is
image distance v = – 10 cm concave lens
v As the magnification is positive and less
−10 1
∴Magnification, m= m= = than one (having +ve sign ) the image is
u −30 3 erect , virtual and diminished

m = 0.33
12.The focal length of a concave lens is 30 cm. At what distance should the object be
placed from the lens so that it forms an image at 20 cm from the lens ? Also, find the
magnification produced by the lens
Ans. :
Focal length of a lens f = -30cm Image distance u = -20cm
1 1 1
− =
𝑉 𝑈 𝑓
1 1 1
= −
𝑢 𝑣 𝑓
1 1 1
= − = -3+2/60
𝑢 −20 −30
1 1
= −
𝑢 60

U = 60 cm
𝒗 𝟐𝟎
𝒎= =− = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑
𝒖 −𝟔𝟎

13. calculate the power of convex lens with focal length of + 0.5 m.
1 1
F= + 0.5 m 𝑝=𝑓 = +50
= +2 𝐷

14.Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 6 cm.

R = + 6.00 cm
𝑅
f=? 𝑓= 2

6
=
2
= 3 𝑐𝑚
15 . find the power of convex lens of focal length 0.2 m.

F= 0.2 m ( convex lens )

P =?
1
𝑝=
𝑓
1
=
0.2
= +5 𝐷