Solution

PROBO-ANALYSIS (CH : PROBABILITY-ASSESSMENT)

Class 10 - Mathematics

1.
1
(d) 2

Explanation:
1

2.
(c) 1
Explanation:
Total possible outcomes {HH, TT, HT, TH}.
n(S) = 4
Favourable outcome = 4
4
P (getting at most two head) = 4
=1
Hence, the probability of getting at most two head is 1.

3.
(c) 0.6
Explanation:
P(losing the game) = 1 - P (winning the game) = (1 - 0.4) = 0.6

4. (a) 1

Explanation:
Total outcomes = 15
(∵ 15 numbers are given)
Favourable outcomes for a multiple of 4 = 3 (i.e. 4, 8, 12)
∴ Probability of selecting a number which is a multiple of 4 =
3 1
=
15 5

5.
7
(c) 8

Explanation:
All possible outcomes are BBB, BBG, BGB, GBB, BGG, GBG, GGB, GGG.
Number of all possible outcomes = 8.
Let E be the event of having at least one boy.
Then, E contains GGB, GBG, BGG, BBG, BGB, GBB, BBB.
Number of cases favourable to E = 7.
7
Therefore,required probability = P( E) = 8

6. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
7. Total outcomes = 90
30
i. P(2 digit number less than 40) = 90
or 1

3
8
ii. P(a number divisible by 5 and greater than 50) = 90
or 4

45
9
iii. P(a perfect square number) = 90
or 1

10

8. Total number of balls in the bag = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9

i. No of balls which are not green = 3 + 4 = 7
7
Probability(not green) = 9

1/3
"Everything is possible for those who believe"
 ii. No of balls which are not black = 3 + 2 = 5
Probability(not black) = 5

9. Here black jacks, black kings and black aces are removed.
Total cards removed = 2 + 2 + 2 = 6
Remaining cards = 52 - 6 = 46
Total no. of outcomes = 46
i. Let A be the event of getting a red card.
Total no. of red cards = 13 + 13 = 26 (all hearts and diamonds)
Favouring outcomes = 26
P(A) = =
26

46
13

23

ii. Let B be the event of getting not a diamond card.

Total no. of diamond cards = 13
Favouring outcomes = 46 - 13 = 33
33
P(B) = 46

10. There are 6 letters in a die consisting of 3 A's, 2 B's, and 1 C.

i. let E1 be the event of getting A.
Number of favourable outcomes = 3
P(getting A) = P (E ) = = 1
3

6
1

ii. let E2 be the event of getting B.

Number of favourable outcomes = 2
P(getting B) = P (E ) = = . 2
2

6
1

11. Let there be b blue, g green and w white marbles in the jar. Then,
b + g + w = 54 ........(i)
b
∴ P (Selecting a blue marble)=
54

It is given that the probability of selecting a blue marble is 1

3
1 b
∴ = ⇒ b = 18
3 54

We have,
P (Selecting a green marble)= 4

54
=
4

9
[∵ P (Selecting a green marble) =
4

9
( Given )]
⇒ g = 24

Substituting the values of b and g in (i), we get

18 + 24 + w = 54⇒ w = 12
Hence, the jar contains 12 white marbles.
12. Number of 50-p coins = 100.
Number of Rs. 1 coins = 70.
Number of Rs. 2 coins = 50.
Number of Rs. 5 coins = 30.
Therefore, the total number of outcomes = 100+70+50+30=250
i. Suppose E1 be the event of getting a Rs. 1 coin.
The number of favorable outcomes = 70.
N umber of outcomes favorable to E1 70
Therefore, P(getting a Rs. 1 coin) = P (E 1) = =
Number of all possible outcomes 250

7
Thus, the probability that the coin will be a Rs. 1 coin is 25
.
ii. Suppose E2 be the event of not getting a Rs. 5.
Number of favorable outcomes = 250 - 30 = 220
Therefore, P(not getting a Rs. 5 coin)
Number of outcomes favorable to E2
=P (E 2
)= =
220
=
22

Number of all possible outcomes 250 25

Thus, probability that the coin will not be a Rs. 5 coin is 22

25
.
iii. Suppose E3 be the event of getting a 50-p or a Rs. 2 coins.
Number of favorable outcomes = 100 + 50 = 150

2/3
"Everything is possible for those who believe"
 Number of outcomes favorable toE3
Therefore, P(getting a 50-p or a Rs. 2 coin) = P(E3) = =
150
=
3

Number of all possible outcomes 250 5

3
Thus, probability that the coin will be a 50-p or a Rs. 2 coin is 5
.
13. We know that in a leap year there are 366 days and, 366 days = 52 weeks and two days.
Therefore, a leap year has always 52 Sundays.
Therefore,the remaining two days can be:
i. Sunday and Monday
ii. Monday and Tuesday
iii. Tuesday and Wednesday
iv. Wednesday and Thursday
v. Thursday and Friday
vi. Friday and Saturday
vii. Saturday and Sunday.
Therefore, From the above we observe that there are seven elementary events associated with this random experiment.
Let A be the event that a leap year has 53 Sundays.
Therefore, the event A will happen if the last two days of the leap year are either Sunday and Monday or Saturday and Sunday.
Therefore , favourable number of elementary events = 2
Therefore, required probability = 2

14. Total no of cards = 49

Total outcomes = 49
i. Let A be event of getting an odd number
Total odd numbers = 1, 3......49
This is an A.P. with first term = 1, common difference = 2 and last term = 49
We need to find, number of terms = n
Applying the formula for nth terms of an A.P,
an = a + (n – 1)d
49 = 1 + (n – 1)2
2n – 2 + 1 = 49
2n – 1 = 49
2n = 50
n = 25
So, number of favourable outcomes = 25
P(A) = 25

49

ii. Let B be event of getting a multiple of 5

No. of a perfect square from 1 to 49 are = 9
Favouring outcomes = 9
9
P(B) = 49

iii. Let C be event of getting a perfect square

No. of a perfect square from 1 to 49 are = 1,4,9,16,25,36,49
Favouring outcomes = 7
P(C) = 7

49
=
1

iv. Let D be event of getting an even prime number.

No. of an even prime number from 1 to 49 are = 1 (2 only)
Favouring outcomes = 1
P(D) = 1

49

15. i. P(type O) = 21

50

ii. No. of people with AB type blood group = 50 - (21 + 22 + 5) = 2

P(type AB) = 50
or
2 1

25
21+2
iii. P(neither type A nor type B) = 50
= 23

50

OR
21+22+5
P(type A or type B or type O) = 50
= 24

25

3/3
"Everything is possible for those who believe"