Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRE-JUNE EXAM
MARKING GUIDELINES
15/05/2025

MARKS: 150

The marking guidelines consists of 13 pages

1 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

QUESTION 1

1.1 B  (2)
1.2 B  (2)
1.3 B  (2)
1.4 D  (2)
1.5 D  (2)
1.6 A  (2)
1.7 B  (2)
1.8 A  (2)
1.9 C  (2)
1.10 C  (2)
[20]

QUESTION 2
2.1 The force or component of a force which a surface exerts on an
object with which it is in contact and which is perpendicular to the (2)
surface 
2.2

(2)
2.3 In x-direction for mass M

Fnet = ma 
T + f - w// = 0
2(9,8) + f - 10(9,8)sin 30⁰ = 0 OR 2(9,8)  – f – 10(9,8)sin
30⁰ = 0
f = -2(9,8) + 10(9,8)sin 30⁰ (5)
= 29,4 N (up the slope) 
2.4.1

(3)

2 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

2.4.2 Fnet = ma 
w// - f = ma
10(9,8)sin 30⁰ - 25  = 10a  (The learner can use -9,8)
a = 2,4 m.s-2  (4)

2.5 2.5.1 Vf = vi + a∆t 

= 0 + (9,8)(0,5) 
Vf = 4,9 m.s-1 (down) 

OR
Fnet∆t = ∆p 
2(9,8)(0,5) = 2vf - 2vi 
Vf = 4,9 m.s-1 down  (3)

2.5.2 REMAIN THE SAME 

The object is moving under the force of gravity only and

through the same height.  That will have no effect on the
final velocity.
OR
When using equations of motion and falling at gravitational
acceleration only, the mass has no influence on the final (3)
velocity. The height will though.
[22]

QUESTION 3
3.1 Each body in the universe attracts every other body with a force that is
directly proportional to the product of their masses  and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between their centres. (2)

3.2 Weight (w) = ma

= 899(9,8) 
= 8 810,2 N  (2)

3.3 g = GM 
r2
= 6,67 x 10-11(6,42 x 1023) 
(0,5325 x 6,38 x 106)2 
= 3,71 m.s-2 
The gravitational acceleration on Earth is 9,8 m.s-2 while on Mars it is
3,71 m.s-2 (range of 3,70 – 3,72) (4)

3.4 No 

Mass represents the matter of an object is made up of and will not

differ, no matter where in the universe you are. 
OR
The mass will be the same on both planets  (2)
[10]

3 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

QUESTION 4

4.1 Motion during which the only force acting is gravitational force. 
OR
Motion under the influence of gravitational force only.  (2)

4.2 NO (1)

4.3 4.3.1 Marking Criteria

 Formula with ∆t 
 Correct substitution into the formula. 
 Final answer. 
OPTION 1
DOWNWARDS AS POSITIVE UPWARDS AS POSITIVE
1 1
∆y = vi∆t + 2a∆t2  ∆y = vi∆t + 2a∆t2 
1 1
15 = 3,4∆t + 2 (9,8)∆t2 -15 = -3,4∆t + 2 (-9,8)∆t2 
∆t = 1,44 s  ∆t = 1,44 s 
OPTION 2
DOWNWARDS AS POSITIVE UPWARDS AS POSITIVE
vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆y vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆y
= (3,4)2 + 2(9,8)(15) = (-3,4)2 + 2(-9,8)(-15)
vf = 17,48 m.s-1 vf = -17,48 m.s-1

vf = vi + a∆t  vf = vi + a∆t 
17,48 = 3,4 + (9,8)∆t  -17,48 = -3,4 + (-9,8)∆t 
∆t = 1,44 s  ∆t = 1,44 s 
OPTION 3
DOWNWARDS AS POSITIVE UPWARDS AS POSITIVE
vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆y vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆y
= (3,4)2 + 2(9,8)(15) = (-3,4)2 + 2(-9,8)(-15)
vf = 17,48 m.s-1 vf = 17,48 m.s-1

∆y =(vi + vf)/2 x ∆t  ∆y =(vi + vf)/2 x ∆t 

15 = (3,4 + 17,48)/2 x ∆t  -15 = (-3,4 - 17,48)/2 x ∆t 
∆t = 1,44 s  ∆t = 1,44 s  (3)

4.3.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 4.3.1.

Marking criteria
 Correct formula to calculate ∆y. 
 Correct substitution into formula. 
 Subtraction of displacement from initial height. 
 Final answer: Range (10,1 – 10,12 m)
OPTION 1
UPWARDS AS POSITIVE DOWNWARDS AS POSITIVE
1 1
∆y = vi∆t + 2a∆t 
2 ∆y = vi∆t + 2a∆t2 
1
= -3,4(1,44) + 2 (0)(1,44)2 

4 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

∆y = -4,896 m 1
= 3,4(1,44) + 2 (0)(1,44)2 
height =15 – 4,896 
∆y = 4,896 m
= 10,1 m 
Height =15 – 4,896 
= 10,1 m 
OPTION 2
UPWARDS AS POSITIVE DOWNWARDS AS POSITIVE
∆y =(vi + vf)/2 x ∆t  ∆y =(vi + vf)/2 x ∆t 
∆y = (-3,4 – 3,4)/2 x 1,44  ∆y = (3,4 + 3,4)/2 x 1,44 
∆y = -4,896 m ∆y = 4,896 m
height = 15 – 4,896  Height = 15 – 4,896 
=10,1 m  =10,1 m 
OPTION 3
UPWARDS AS POSITIVE DOWNWARDS POSITIVE
∆𝑦 ∆𝑦
v = ∆𝑡  v = ∆𝑡 
∆𝑦 ∆𝑦
-3,4 = 1,44  3,4 = 1,44 
∆y = -4,896 m ∆y = 4,896 m (4)
height = 15 – 4,896  Height = 15 – 4,896 
10,1 m  10,1 m 
4.4 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 4.3.1.

Marking criteria
 Correct formula to calculate ∆t 
 Correct substitution into formula/ 
 Addition of three times values 
 Final answer: Range (2,37 – 2,38 s) 
OPTION 1
UPWARDS POSITIVE
vf = vi + a∆t 
0 = 7,2 + (-9,8)∆t 
∆t = 0,73 s

DOWNWARDS POSITIVE
vf = vi + a∆t 
0 = -7,2 + (9,8)∆t 
∆t = 0,73 s

OPTION 2
UPWARDS POSITIVE
vf = vi + a∆t 
-7,2 = 7,2 + (-9,8)∆t 
∆t = 1,47 s
Time to maximum height ∆t = 0,73 s

DOWNWARDS POSITIVE
vf = vi + a∆t 
7,2 = -7,2 + (9,8)∆t 
∆t = 1,47 s
Time to maximum height ∆t = 0,73 s

5 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

OPTION 3
UPWARDS POSITIVE
vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆x ∆y = (vi + vf)/2 x ∆t 
0 = (7,2)2 + 2(-9,8)∆x 2,64 =(7,2 + 0)/2 x ∆t 
∆y = 2,64 m ∆t = 0,73 s
OR
1
∆y = vi∆t + 2 a∆t2 
1
2,64 = 7,2∆t + 2 (-9,8∆t2 
t3 = 1,44 +
∆t = 0,73 s
0,2 + 0,73 
DOWNWARDS POSITIVE
= 2,37 s 
vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆x ∆y = (vi + vf)/2 x ∆t 
(2,38 s)
0 = (-7,2) + 2(9,8)∆x -2,64 =(-7,2 + 0)/2 x ∆t 
2

∆y = 2,64 m ∆t = 0,73 s
OR
1
∆y = vi∆t + 2 a∆t2 
1
-2,64 = -7,2∆t + 2(-9,8∆t2
∆t = 0,73 s (4)

[14]

QUESTION 5

5.1 In an isolated system the total (linear) momentum is conserved/remains

constant. 
OR
Accept for 1 mark: in an isolated system the total momentum before the
collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.  (2)

5.2 Marking criteria

 Correct momentum formula
 Correct substitution into momentum formula 
 Correct substitution into equation of motion. 
 Final correct answer. 0,64 m
OPTION 1 RIGHT AS POSITIVE
RIGHT AS POSITIVE v = ∆x
Ʃpi = Ʃpf  ∆t
MAviA + mBviB = mAvfA + mBvfB 0,49 = ∆x 
0 = (3,2)(-04) + (2,6)vf  1,3
vf = 0,49 m.s-1 ∆xB = 0,64 m 
LEFT AS POSITIVE
Ʃpi = Ʃpf  OR
MAviA + mBviB = mAvfA + mBvfB ∆x = (vi + vf)/2 x ∆t
0 = (3,2)(04) + (2,6)vf  = (0,49 + 0,49)/2 x 1,3 
vf = -0,49 m.s -1 = 0,64 m 

6 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

OPTION 2 LEFT AS POSITIVE

RIGHT AS POSITIVE v = ∆x
∆pA = -∆pB  ∆t
M(vAf – vAi) = m(vBf – vBi) -0,49 = ∆x 
3,2(-0,4 – 0)  = -2,6(vBf – 0)  1,3
v = 0,49 m.s-1 ∆x = -0,64 m i.e ∆xB = 0,64 m 

LEFT AS POSITIVE OR
∆pA = -∆pB ∆x = (vi + vf)/2 x ∆t
m(vAf – vAi) = m(vBf – vBi)  = (-0,49 - 0,49)/2 x 1,3 
3,2(0,4 – 0) = -2,6(vBf – 0)  ∆x = -0,64 m i.e ∆xB = 0,64 m 
v = -0,49 m.s-1
(5)

5.3 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 5.2

OPTION 1
RIGHT AS POSITIVE LEFT AS POSITIVE
Fnet∆t = ∆p  Fnet∆t = ∆p
Fnet∆t = m(vf – vi) Fnet∆t = m(vf – vi) 
(-4,2)∆t = 3,2(-0,4 – 0)  (4,2)∆t = 3,2(0,4 – 0) 
∆t = 0,3 s  ∆t = 0,3 s 

OPTION 2
RIGHT AS POSITIVE LEFT AS POSITIVE
Fnet∆t = ∆p  Fnet∆t = ∆p 
Fnet∆t = m(vf – vi) Fnet∆t = m(vf – vi)
(4,2)∆t = 2,6(0,49 – 0)  (-4,2)∆t = 2,6(-0,49 – 0) 
∆t = 0,3 s  ∆t = 0,3 s 

OPTION 3 OPTION 4
Fnet = ma Fnet = ma
4,2 = 3,2a 4,2 = 2,6a
a = 1,31 m.s-2 a = 1,62 m.s-2

vf = vi + a∆t  vf = vi + a∆t 
0,4 = 0 + (1,31)∆t  0,49 = 0 + (1,62)∆t 
∆t = 0,3 s  ∆t = 0,3 s  (3

5.4 LESS THAN 

Final momentum/change in momentum/impulse remains constant. 

If mass/inertia increases, velocity decreases/velocity inversely
proportional to mass. 
OR
From Fnet∆t = m∆v if Fnet∆t remains constant and m increase then ∆v
decreases and vc decreases  (3)
[13]

7 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

QUESTION 6
6.1 The net/total work done on an object is equal to the change in object’s
kinetic energy. 
OR
Work done on an object by a net/resultant force is equal to the
change in the object’s kinetic energy 
(2)
6.2

(4)

6.3 Fnet = Fapplied + Ff

= 0,30 + (-0,86) 
= -0,56 N
= 0,56 N in opposite direction of motion/to the left  (2)

6.4 Wnet = ∆EK 

1 1
Fnet∆x cos ϴ = 2 mvf2 - 2 mvi2
1 1
0,56 ∆x cos 180⁰  = 2 (0,8)(0,2)2 - 2(0,8)(1,2)2
∆x = 1 m 
OR
Wnc = ∆EK + ∆EP 
1 1
F ∆x cos 180⁰ + Fapplied∆x cos 0⁰ = 2 mvf2 - 2 mvi2 + 0
1 1
0,86 ∆x cos 180⁰ + 0,3 ∆x cos 0⁰ = 2 (0,8)(0,2)2  - 2(0,8)(1,2)2 
∆x = 1 m  (5)

6.5 Friction  OR applied force (1)

[14]

8 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

QUESTION 7
7.1 The apparent change in the (observed) frequency when there is a
relative motion between the sound source and the observer. 
OR
The change in the observed frequency (pitch) of the sound detected by
a listener because the sound source and the listener have different
velocities relative to the medium of sound propagation.  (2)

7.2 As the observer moves towards the sound source the wavefronts
ahead become compressed,  the wavelength decreases and the
frequency increases  (3)

7.3

(5)

7.4 7.4.1 Stays the same  (1)

7.4.2 Decreases  (1)
7.5 7.5.1 Increase  (1)
7.5.2 Stays the same  (1)
7.5.3 Stays the same  (1)
7.6 To measure the heartbeat of a foetus in the womb. 
To measure the speed of blood in the veins. (2)
[17]

9 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

QUESTION 8
8.1 Positive  (1)

8/2 n = Q 
e
1238 = Q___ 
1,6 x 10-19
Q = 1,981 x 10-19 C  (3)
8.3 An electric field is a region in space in which an electric charge
experiences a force.  (2)

8.4

Criteria for sketch Marks

Correct direction of electric field 
Correct shape of the electric field lines between, above and 
on the outside of the charges. Lines curve in the correct
direction.
No field lines crossing each other. Field lines touch the 
charge, start at an angle perpendicular to the charge, do
not go inside the charge. (3)

8.5 A 
The field is strongest closest to the charged sphere. Point A is closer
to X than point B. The electric field is inversely proportional to the
distance squared. 
1 (3)
OR E α 2
𝑟

8.6 E = kQx 
r2
= 9 x 109(2 x 10-9) 
(0,03)2
= 20 000 N.C-1 left  (3)
8.7 8.7.1

Marking criteria Marks

Line and arrow with label 
Line and arrow with label  (2)
8.7.2 Marking criteria

10 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

 Correct formula for Coulomb’s Law. 

 Correct substitution for FYX. 
 Correct substitution for FZX 
 Addition of forces. 
 Correct answer. 
Fnet = kQYQX + kQZQX 
r2 r2
= 9 x 10 (2,8 x 10 )(2 x 10-9) + 9 x 109(3,2 x 10-9)(2 x 109) 
9 -9

(0,03)2 (0,01)2
= 6,32 x 10 N 
-4 (5)
[22]

QUESTION 9
9.1 (Maximum) energy provided (work done) by a battery per coulomb/unit
charge passing through it. 
ACCEPT
The reading on a voltmeter connected across a battery when there is no
current/ in an open circuit.  (2)
9.2 13 V  (1)

9.3 9.3.1 R = V 
I
5,6 = 10,5 
I
I = 1,88 A  (1,875 A) (3)

9.3.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM 9.3.1.

OPTION 1 OPTION 2
P = VI  P = I2R 
= (10,5)(1,88)  = (1,88)2(5,6) 
= 19,74 W  (19,688 W) = 19,79 W  (19,688 W)
OPTION 3
P = V2 
R
= 10,52 
5,6
= 19,69 W  (19,688 W) (3)

9.3.3 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTIONS 9.2 AND 9.3.1

OPTION 1 OPTION 2
ɛ = I(R + r)  r = Vinternal 
13 = 1,88(5,6 + r)  I
r = 1,31 Ω  (1,31 – 1,33 Ω) = 2,5 
1,88
= 1,31 Ω  (1,31 – 1,33 Ω)
OPTION 3
ɛ = Vexternal + Vinternal
13 = 10,5 + Vint
Vint = 2,5 V

11 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

Vint = Ir 
2,5 = (1,88)r 
r = 1,31 Ω(1,31 – 1,31 – 1,33 Ω) (3)

9.4 9.4.1 Decreases 

Vinternal resistance/internal volts increase (1)

9.4.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 9.2 AND 9.3.3

Marking Criteria
 Formula ɛ = I(R + r) 
 Correct substitution into ɛ = I(R + r). 
 Substitution of values into RP formula. 
 Halkving value of R2X 
 Final answer: 1,49Ω 

OPTION 1 OPTION 2
ɛ = I(R + r)  ɛ = I(R + r) 
13 = 4(Rext + 1,31)  13 = 4(Rext + 1,31) 
Rext + 1,94 Ω (1,92 Ω) Rext + 1,94 Ω (1,92 Ω)

1 = 1 + 1 RP = R1 R2
RP R1 R2 R1 + R2
1 = 1 + 1 1,94 = 5,6 R2 
1,94 5,6 R2 5,6 + R2
R2 = 2,97Ω (2,92 Ω) R2 = 2,97 Ω (2,92 Ω)
1 1
X = 2 (2,97)  X = 2 (2,97) 
= 1,49 Ω (1,46 – 1,49 Ω) = 1,49 Ω  (1,46 – 1,49 Ω)
OPTION 3 OPTION 4
ɛ = I(R + r)  ɛ = I(R + r) 
13 = 4(Rext + 1,31)  13 = 4(Rext + 1,31) 
Rext + 1,94 Ω (1,92 Ω) Rext + 1,94 Ω (1,92 Ω)

1 = 1 + 1 RP = R1 R2
RP R1 R2 R1 + R2
1 = 1 + 1 1,94 = 5,6)(2X) 
1,94 5,6 2X 5,6 + 2X 
2X = 2,97Ω (2,92 Ω) X = 1,49 Ω 
1
X = (2,97) 
2
= 1,49 Ω (1,46 – 1,49 Ω)
OPTION 5
Vext = ɛ - Ir 
= 13 – (4)(1,31) 
= 7,6 V

12 PTO Copyright reserved

Physical Sciences Pre-June P1 NSC Vhembe West District/2025

Vext = IRext
1 1
7,6 = (4)(2𝑋  + 5,6
) 
(5)
X = 1,48 Ω 
[18]

TOTAL = 150

13 PTO Copyright reserved