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 Unrequited Death
Book Six of the Death Series

by Tamara Rose Blodgett

 Unrequited Death

by Tamara Rose Blodgett

Copyright © 2012 Tamara Rose Blodgett
http://tamararoseblodgett.blogspot.com

ISBN-10:1475210507
ISBN-13: 978-1475210507

This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given
away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an
additional copy for each recipient. If you're reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not
purchased for your use only, then please purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the hard
work of this author.
All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this
publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a
database or retrieval system without the prior written permission of the publisher.
This book is a work of fiction. The names, characters, places, and incidents are products of the
writer's imagination or have been used fictitiously and are not to be construed as real. Any
resemblance to persons, living or dead, actual events, locales or organizations is entirely
coincidental.
All rights are reserved.
Edited by Stephanie T. Lott
 For:
My four sons, without whom, it would have been impossible to write~
Other Works by Tamara Rose Blodgett:

Death Whispers
Death Speaks
Death Inception
Death Screams
Death Weeps
The Pearl Savage
The Savage Blood
The Savage Principle (March 1, 2013)
The Savage Vengeance
Blood Singers
Blood Song

Future Titles:
2013

The Savage Protector

Blood Chosen
The Reflective
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 8
CHAPTER 2 16
CHAPTER 3 27
CHAPTER 4 34
CHAPTER 5 44
CHAPTER 6 54
CHAPTER 7 64
CHAPTER 8 72
CHAPTER 9 77
CHAPTER 10 86
CHAPTER 11 94
CHAPTER 12 103
CHAPTER 13 114
CHAPTER 14 124
CHAPTER 15 133
CHAPTER 16 142
CHAPTER 17 150
CHAPTER 18 160
CHAPTER 19 170
CHAPTER 20 178
CHAPTER 21 187
CHAPTER 22 196
CHAPTER 23 203
EPILOGUE 206
A Word About Death: 213
A Love Letter to My Readers: 215
Connect with Me Online: 216
Acknowledgments: 217
Books available now: 218
**Future Titles: 218
 CHAPTER 1
now
KPH graduating class of 2029

I adjusted the cap on Jade's head and she ducked away from my nimble fingers, a frown puckering
the smooth mocha perfection of her forehead.
"Come on, babe, come here." I reached to scoop her back to me and she huffed. "No, Caleb,
you're going to wreck my hair!"
Wreck. The. Hair. Uh-huh.
We couldn't have that. I mean, graduation and all. Monumental.
I couldn't have cared less but this was Jade's day, John's day. The prison doors were opening with
a whisper and closing with a clank.
We were free.
"It's hanging crooked," I argued logically. The deep royal blue of the cap contrasted with the
naturally black hair that flowed down her back in an artful silken waterfall.
It was a mite distracting as Clyde would say. He had given me a level of vocabulary that even my
Grammar-Nazi mom couldn't compete with. I dug that.
Clyde would be here today with Bobbi. He wouldn't miss it.
Jade shrieked as I raced after her, my arms going around her waist and I lifted her as she
squealed.
Alex came in and saw the two of us doing a staggering dance of hyperactivity. "What... is this like
a porn thing here?"
What? I looked at him, bodily turning around to face him with Jade in my arms.
Her embarrassment was tangible.
I hadn't been thinking that way but now that he mentioned it....
Jade was dying, I noticed, a flush creeping up on her cheeks.
"No man, she won't cooperate with a hat fix," I said, saving the moment.
Alex's eyes shifted to the crooked graduation cap, the tassel swinging in Jade's face like a
pendulum gone bad and smiled.
"Yeah, that bad cap. I hear that." Mucho-sarcasm.
I let Jade down and gave a chuckle. Perv-Alex was right on board as usual. Then Randi came up
behind him and goosed him in the ass and it was his turn to get embarrassed.
Randi peeked around his big body and looked at Jade. "See how that works?"
Jade nodded, grinning. "I do, yes."
The girls looked at each other smugly and Alex grunted. "The girls have the power man," he said,
only half-teasing.
"That's smart that ya just figured that out," I responded and gave him a sly smile, suppressing a
girl-worthy eye roll.
"Merranda?" Principal Chen popped her face into the room where many graduates gathered, the
talking like a low din of white noise in the background. Her hair was so tightly slicked back from her
face she looked like a refugee from a forty MPH wind tunnel.
I blinked and Jade laughed, she'd gotten the full Empath blow by on that. I'd always wondered if
she got it like a pulsescreen visual of my thoughts or what? Sometimes I just wanted to own my
weirdness with no witnesses.
"You grumpy that I saw that?" Jade whispered, her lips tickling my neck and making me shift my
weight. She knew how she affected me. Jade was a walking sexsicle. She knew it, I knew it and she
was being evil now.
I glowered at her. "Yeah, now let me fix your hat."
She smiled, giving my neck a soft peck and I turned to capture her lips, giving an internal groan of
satisfied bliss.
I completely forgot about Chen. Jade sometimes had that Mind Blanking Effect on me.
"Mr. Hart," she said in a low voice full of warning.
It cut through my fog like a lighthouse beacon.
I swiveled my head and Alex whispered, "Busted."
How could I be busted? I'd be nineteen in a matter of a few months.
Randi made the slicing the neck gesture behind her gestapo mom's back, which clearly said don't
blow it, not today, we're this close.
Then something happened that surprised the hell of me. Chen gave me a break.
"Don't do the PDA spectacle when we get out there in the auditorium."
Right. I nodded. "Hey thanks." My surprise must have shown because she gave a low laugh.
"I was eighteen once," she explained.
We all looked at her and she laughed again. "I was... you'll see." She turned to her daughter,
dwarfed by my friend the Body. A guy so massive he was his own zip code. Not defined by name but
by area.
"I need you to be in your seat before the other students, Merranda."
"Okay, Mom," Randi responded on the barest side of neutral.
I think all of us had about had Enough of Parents.
We filed out, Jade with her crooked hat and perfect hair, me with the I'm-so-glad-this-is-over-I-
could-shit-myself look.
I saw that same look on about half the guys and a good number of the girls too. Universal School
Scorn.
Nice.
We were alphabetical so my hands fell away from Jade reluctantly when she went to the L section.
It put her really close to Carson Hamilton. There was only a skinny girl still in braces sitting
between them.
I felt that familiar anger wash over me, thinking about our senior year. The near misses. The
intensity of my anger was barely held in check. I'd just missed getting that probation reinstated. I'd
finished my Reactive Management class by the skin of my teeth and I used the skills I'd been taught
and barely mastered now.
Our world had become so politically correct that even criminals graduated. Thankfully, Tiff was
in the W section.
Jonesy came up behind me and clapped me on the back. He'd grown over the summer between
junior and senior year, his frame an inch shy of my almost six feet two. We'd all become tall but
Terran and Alex were giants. Alex was all due to the Graysheet cocktail. But Terran was just him. He
was six feet five inches of lean mean fighting machine.
John was also the valedictorian. Of course.
"Jade is by Hamilton," Jonesy said, like that little fact would escape my notice.
"Yeah," I responded, my anger deepening. My intellect told me he wouldn't try anything. That
primitive beat of guyness was on point all the same. I thought males would always be this way. It was
a natural thing.
We stood there contemplating that fun occurrence when Tiff came up and stood between us.
"Well that's a fuckburger," Tiff said casually, eying Jade's seating.
"Language, Weller," Griswold hissed, sans whistle. Tiff lifted a narrow shoulder, the satin of her
white gown making a slithering sound against her hair. "Okay," she replied, utterly unruffled. I held in
the walrus bark with an effort.
Jonesy didn't, giving a raucous guffaw that made Griswold's brows drop into a unibrow above her
eyes.
Griswold stalked off muttering as Gramps walked up to our group. His eyebrows popped as he
watched Griswold circle us ruffian teens like a shark on the blood scent trail.
"She a hard charger?" Gramps asked knowingly.
Tiff turned her head to look at him. "Huh?" she asked, giving Griswold the look as she got in
someone else's grill.
I instantly translated Old Guy Speak, "She gets 'er done."
"Hell yeah," Jonesy muttered, wiping fake sweat off his forehead and Griswold hissed from
across the room, "Language, Jones."
Gramps laughed. "Good hearing too."
He had no idea.
Mia came up with Bry, their hands laced intimately. They'd finally gotten together and the group
had given a collective sigh of relief. Although, if Bry didn't get his act together and start to think again
we were going to be driven insane.
Mia had graduated last year and was attending today just for us. Bry was here with his one
hundred and one siblings en mass. He leaned down, using the tip of his nose to push Mia's hair away
from her ear and she tilted her face so he could get better access and smiled in response to something
only she could hear.
Gramps looked on and said nothing. His face said so much.
The scars from the beating he'd taken in the sphere world were still on his face and he claimed
they were character marks. He had a lot of character then.
Jezebel the Organic hadn't been able to fix him totally and he still limped when the weather turned
cool.
It made me feel guilty as hell.
I saw Gramps' hand stray to the pocket of his perfectly pressed shirt. He was itching for a smoke
but I knew he was finally trying to quit.
Tiff gave my arm a small squeeze. She was telling me that it sucked ass that Hamilton was by Jade
but I consoled myself with the basic fact that it was graduation. He wouldn't try anything stupid.
Right?
They announced my last name and I filed into the auditorium.
 I got to be right next to Hamilton who was wearing a smug expression. He'd love to make trouble.
He couldn't though; his daddy was sitting and watching.
So were the cops, the sick fucks.
I leaned forward and caught Jade's eye and she winked, the emerald of her eye blinking out of
existence for a second and then reappearing like found treasure. She was so brave, sitting not far from
Hamilton. Where were all the letters in between? Damn, it figured we were missing a bunch.
John walked on stage and I watched him, my scrutiny probably not unlike his parents'. Out of all
of us, he'd fashioned his future. I was proud of him. So was Jonesy, who turned around, no
embarrassment over eyes that were shiny with our friend's accomplishments.
Terran opened his mouth to speak, his three by five index cards gripped in long tapered fingers
that matched his tall body perfectly. I couldn't help but think of the Guys with Gills as the memory of
their physique slid through my mind as an unforgettable memory.
John had that look. He was unfinished, not yet nineteen and too lean by far, but he had that look.
Minus the gills.
"I was going to give the perfect speech," John said gazing out at the audience. The sound of
crickets was clear in the well of silence that struck the outdoor auditorium. "However, as I look at
your faces, I'm going to speak about what really matters instead of what is expected." His pleasant
face, framed by hair that had gone to a deep red as he'd gotten older, looked at the sea of faces, his
light blue eyes scanning the crowd for a readiness that might or might not be there.
Every eye was trained on him and when he had their full attention he said, "I want to talk about
Brett Mason."
Even I sucked in a lungful, and I'm not easily shocked. I would've never thought John would
abandon the Perfect Lecture for emotion. But he had. His parents were somewhere using airsick bags
as we watched. I just knew it.
I got a sudden image of Joan upchucking in a bag and smiled until my face hurt.
Jonesy turned around and grinned. "This oughta be good," he said with barely contained glee.
Yeah.
"My biggest lesson was not learned through my textbooks. And I am very aware that this should be
the time to talk about how fine an education I've received." His icy eyes held the crowd's without
rancor but with a purpose.
Maybe Griswold wasn't the only hard charger in the auditorium today.
"I'll leave that for others. My finest lessons came from my friends," he paused, his eyes briefly
resting on Jones and me, then restlessly moving on. "They taught me the value of individuality," and
his speech halted, a small grin overtaking his face and I knew, just knew, he was thinking of Jonesy.
"However, Brett Mason taught me the finest lesson of my life."
The audience held their collective breath.
"Bravery," John said and they stood.
Every cap and gown, every parent, everyone who had legs stood. Even that bastard Hamilton.
Because one of our own had died saving a girl that I loved.
Who, I was certain, would one day be my wife.
Sometimes milestones are not measured by the accomplishments of society, but by those of
integrity.
Brett had taught John that.
 Hell, he'd taught us all.
I turned to look at Jade as the clapping died down and saw the tears on her face, seeing through
the sadness to the joy that lay underneath.
Brett was gone but he was still a part of us.
There would have been no "us" if it had not been for him.
We all understood it.
That's why John had committed himself to a speech about a mundane from a broken family that had
been misunderstood.
Though not forgotten.
Never that.
*
I don't know what possessed John's parents to host a humongous reception for the graduates at
their house. Obviously, serving a red fruit punch over obscenely white carpeting was nothing short of
idiotic. Even if it did have plastic runners bisecting the center.
Especially watching Jonesy doing the hip-swiveling dance with his punch. A la beer pong cup.
He was having fun with that part. He'd flung his arm around Sophie who was making every effort
to act like she was indifferent to the attention.
"And here's the thing, Soph... John's mom's doin' quarters baby," his voice dropped to be hidden
by the low drone of the mixed voices in the Terran household, filled to bursting with red punch.
Hell, even I was nervous. I watched Terran's eyes dart around like a ping pong ball without a
paddle. There were simply too many cups to watch. He gave up, slogging over to my side.
"What's Jonesy talking about?" he asked, his hands on slack encased hips. His parents had made
him wear the Man Outfit. John jerked the tie down a little so it was less like a noose.
"I'm pitting out in this bullshit," John muttered.
"Dirty mouth, Terran," Tiff said in a sultry purr from behind us and the poor bastard went from
ivory snow to red as a tomato as fast as you could say....
Girl.
Tiff was one of those rare individuals whose very existence gave me a perpetual case of the
crooked mouth. Like now.
"Tiff..." John began as she moved around to the front of our position and both our jaws dropped.
Tiff looked like a girl.
It was literally the first time we had ever seen her in a dress and she immediately tensed, feeling
self-conscious.
John cleared his throat, the blush flaring ruthlessly back to life. He opened his mouth and then shut
it.
"What?" she asked in a defensive bark.
John looked at her, taking in the soft, honey colored hair that had missed mousy brown by a
millimeter. Her hazel eyes were rimmed with a swipe or two of light mascara but her face was so
small that those luminous eyes with flecks of green took up half of that precious real estate.
And she had a body.
Who could have known? Hoodie as Uniform had obscured all.
She had been a skinny girl who had grown into a curvy woman. Not as curvy as Jade but in the
same league.
 Tiff huffed, pegging a small hand on her hip. Hands I'd seen jab throats. I was mesmerized, it was
hard to imagine her doing the things she'd done when she was wearing skyscraper heels and a deep
green blouse that hugged her torso tightly, a lacy black cami peeking out from actual, bona fide
cleavage.
I swear I heard Terran swallow. Must've hurt. Poor dude.
"You look nice, Tiff," John said. Color rose to her cheekbones and she was silent, fiddling with
the hem of her short black skirt.
The awkwardness was suffocating us and dragging Tiff along for the ride when Sophie walked up.
Thank everything that was holy.
"Hi guys," she said, her eyes shifting from my face to Terran's then to Tiff's.
"What'd I miss? You guys look totally stiff." Then she lowered her voice, "Jonesy added some
cool stuff to the punch so go have some of that and start looking like the stick is out of your asses."
Then she straightened, looking at Tiff who glared back at her.
"How do you boys like Tiff's transformation-to-girl, huh?" she asked smugly.
Holy crap, Tiff must've been desperate to let the animal print queen get a hold of her.
Sophie looked at my face. "Come on, Caleb. A little credit! I mean, we're warming her up nice
and slow before zoo time."
Tiff had a physical reaction, blanching at the mere thought of wearing anything with a print, I
could tell.
Terran smoothly said, his eyes steady on hers, "I think this might be more Tiff's style."
Tiff looked up at Terran and smiled at him with a shy regard that was a first.
Well, it was the first time Terran noticed. The gang had been noticing for months.
It was one of those moments when you know something with such assurance that it sings a tune in
your bones.
Sophie gave me a sly smile and I gave an almost imperceptible nod in return.
John and Tiff didn't pay attention because they were too busy looking at each other.
Perfect.
 CHAPTER 2
then
autumn of senior year

Clyde was waiting for me when I dropped Jade off at the dorm-like foster set up. It beat the
Frazier household (which had really been a ruse anyway). Jade hadn't had any belongings to move
except the dreamcatcher.
We placed it last, above her new bed, my superstitious mind conjuring images that maybe it had
survived everything to be an omen of good fortune. The creepiness of our past covered in the freedom
of our future.
It was as if her existence that year had been wiped from everyone's consciousness. Erased. Jade
came of age on a day like any other when she turned eighteen in our senior year, getting the deed to
her Aunt's house and moving into the new foster dorm the same day.
We celebrated.
Oh did we.
For two weeks after Brett's funeral Jade had stayed at my house. After her birthday, my parents
helped with getting her settled in her new place. We still found time to be together and christen her
new start.
However, there had been the matter of Clyde.
I dropped Jade off at her new digs, the house was a huge old-fashioned four square from the turn
of the last century. Its bold lines framed her. I watched her through the rain sheeting against the car
window. When she went through the door it appeared to swallow her.
I left her in that cavernous mouth, driving away uneasily to seek out Clyde.
I knew he'd be with Bobbi and I headed there.
But I pulsed Jade. It made me feel better. My finger was itching to pulse. I had to know that she
wasn't being digested by her new environment.
Color me jumpy.
I was. And I wasn't apologizing for it either. It'd been a helluva year and there were new
challenges to face. I'd rather face them with Clyde than without.
Right now Clyde was a shell of his former self. Gale had a new scar above her heart; a bullet
meant for Clyde had pierced her instead. If not for his life force, she'd be on my team.
Team Dead.
None of us wanted that.
I let the car idle in front of Roberta Gale's house and sighed. I pulsed the Camaro off and jerked
open the door. My foot hit the street, rain pounding the asphalt so hard it slopped back up and soaked
my shoes. I turned the collar of my jacket up, a khaki thing that looked more brown than green. The
water resistant fiber mesh made the water run off my back without soaking through the material. I
gave a glance in each direction, sweeping my eyes up the street and hopped over the small river
running along the curb.
I caught sight of someone standing off in the distance with an umbrella.
 Candy ass, I thought. Who uses umbrellas? It gave me pause and I looked back. The lone figure
was gone.
Effing weird... I gave a mental shrug and jogged up the steps to the door.
Clyde opened it before I could knock. It wasn't that much of a shock. I could feel him five miles
out. He knew I was coming.
His skin had plumped out a little but those eyes... they were dry orbs in shriveled pockets of flesh,
his skin hanging off his body like an ill-fitting suit. Like the guy from the classic film, Men in Black,
in his Edgar suit.
That Life-Transference wasn't for nothing. It literally sucked the life out of ya.
He stepped backward, sweeping his palm inward to indicate I should proceed him. I stepped off
the deep stoop of their porch and came into the house. It was small by my standards. Our house was
over two thousand square feet, and for the three of us it was almost too big. This was one of those
Craftsman bungalows, low eaves with high ceilings, and real wood beams bisecting one another in an
elaborate tic-tac-toe design on the ceiling. There was a roaring fire in the background and I looked at
Clyde.
He gave a small smile, his lips pulling away from a mouth that had been one of my best. The
mouths were always the hardest.
The mystery of life. Or death. I got the crooked mouth thinking about it.
It figured that the first place I sucked energy from would be there.
"Hey man," I said, clapping him on the back.
"Caleb," Clyde responded, shuffling over to push another log into the fire.
"How come you're not reeking?"
"Roberta has managed that much," Clyde said, without turning and I watched him expertly tending
the fire. The deep forest green tiles on the surround were slightly reflective. The flames made
shadows dance against the surface.
"I can keep him where he's at but not much more," Gale clarified, coming into the room with a
mug of hot cocoa. She had a very snarky mug which read Death Happens.
She gave it to me handle-first and my eyebrows rose.
"Nice," I said, lifting the mug in a salute.
She smirked, the corners of her mouth lifting, then she looked at Clyde and her smile faded.
"So?" she asked, letting herself fall on the couch as she stared pensively at Clyde's back. He
loaded more sticks of firewood inside the gut of the wood stove insert, the fragrance of the Western
Red Cedar permeating the small sitting room.
The clock ticked as I stared at the floating marshmallows. And here I thought it was something
Mom did to keep me young. My eyes met Gale's and she said a little helplessly, "You can't have hot
cocoa without the marshmallows."
So true, I thought, the corners of my mouth turning up.
Clyde straightened, turning to face us, the orange of the flames giving a halo effect as he stood
there patiently. His pants were held up by old-fashioned suspenders. The rolled up shirt sleeves
uncovered paper thin gray flesh; his decomposition had been arrested by Gale.
"I've talked to my AFTD teacher and, although no one has ever tried anything like this,... and it
might backfire..."
"Do it," Gale said, her gaze shifting to Clyde.
 I sighed. "I might screw things up, Gale."
Clyde spoke, "I cannot go back. There is another life waiting for me. If I cannot have the one that
lays before me like a gift, I will go back to rest."
"Clyde no!" Gale cried, popping to her feet and Clyde turned to her.
"Roberta, hear me." He stopped her forward progression easily, lightly gripping her shoulders. "It
is not that I do not love you." His eyes searched hers. I sat there feeling like hell, knowing that
somehow, regardless of the circumstances, I was responsible for this. Then those hazel eyes flicked to
mine. There was no condemnation there, only trust. I flinched at what he gave me. I wasn't sure if it
was a gift that I could accept.
But I would try.
For Clyde.
For them.
I stood and said to Gale, "I'm ready. But if it goes the opposite way," I shrugged my unease in front
of them then continued, "I may not be able to stop it... fix it."
They nodded and I tried another time, giving them the Supreme Loophole. "Smith said it should
work, that I need to use the same power that I used to Transfer, putting it back into you. If it doesn't
work, there's no way to anticipate what might happen."
Bobbi looked confused and I gave her a level look. I was ready to play in the sandbox but I
needed to know they would be on board if shit got weird.
And since that was usually the way it went, I was counting on it.
Clyde nodded his head and looked at Bobbi. "We spoke of this possibility, Roberta. We knew that
it was an experiment. You know that we cannot go on like this, dear heart," he looked into her eyes,
"this is existing, not life. Not life as it was meant to be lived."
"I know," she said, covering his much bigger hand with her own.
"Nice job on the smell, by the way," I complimented her.
She smiled. "I keep forgetting you're not even eighteen yet."
What did that have to do with anything?
Gale's smile became a grin. "It's just that... here we are, ready to try and put my corpse-lover back
together and you're complimenting me on keeping his rot at bay."
Well... yeah.
"Come on," she said, giving up on me as a lost cause. "Let's go."
I followed her into another room, smaller but without a fire. I was pleased about that, 'cuz the
place had to have been one hundred five degrees. I did a stealthy forehead wipe but Gale caught it.
"Too hot?"
I nodded but shrugged out of my jacket and threw it on a chair. Clyde raised a brow.
Cripes, he was as bad as Mom. I grabbed it and put it on a hook by the door, the mirror that was
built into the old bench seat gazing back at me with dark spots, silvered in places and glanced back.
"I bet this place feels like home, Clyde," I said, walking into the small room, a couch stood on
either end, separated by a low oak coffee table.
He nodded. "It is an older home but not near as aged to me as it might appear to you."
"It was my great-grandma's," Bobbi said. "When she passed the family was going to get rid of it
but I thought it had a certain charm."
I looked at Clyde. He looked right in a house built in 1905. He just did. I told him so.
 He grinned and that black mouth waved like a flag of rot at me. I guess I hadn't done so great on
the mouth after all.
Time to get started.
"Okay, so come lie down."
Clyde shambled over to the couch, his usual grace nothing but an echo of what it'd been.
"Do I need to...?" Bobbi asked.
"No," Clyde and I said in unison and I laughed.
"You're not a part of the process."
I hesitated.
"What is it, Caleb?" Clyde asked. It sounded like he had gravel in his mouth.
I wiped suddenly sweaty palms on my jeans. "There's one thing. My AFTD teacher thought that
using Transfer in reverse might... call stuff."
One of Bobbi's eyebrows cocked. "Like what?"
"Using the power of Life-Transference is tricky and I've only done it a few times. By accident,
and under duress," I added.
They waited.
I explained.
"You mean, that using this power in the reverse can bring things to the surface that might have
stayed in their graves?"
I nodded, but it was more and maybe I hadn't been clear enough. "It is also like a dinner bell to
other AFTDs. By doing this, I'm alerting the C-Ms."
Clyde frowned, the skin between his brows staying in a frozen ripple of flesh between his eyes. I
was so ready to fix my zombie.
"It's no big deal if a dead chicken starts pecking in your front yard here," I said and her eyes
strayed to the grim day, the rain pounding her grandfathered lawn into a sodden swamp as her equally
illegal fire spewed fumes into our atmosphere.
"Somehow, that's not a comfort," she said and Clyde actually covered his mouth with his hand. I
laughed, he was so on board with the chicken humor.
"Okay... listen, it's just a precaution. Me using this power might or might not alert the undead
media. I'm just sayin'."
"So," Bobbi cocked her head and palmed the soft point of her triangular face. "Other Cadaver-
Manipulators might know you're doing something."
"Yes," I said, relieved.
I knew it was rare to be a five-point, it'd almost not been worth mentioning. I liked to think that the
potential for bullshit happening was as far out as a Hail Mary pass on the football field.
Although, I'd caught far more Hail Marys than sheer chance allowed.
"Well Parker is not a problem, so who cares?" she said, lifting her shoulders in a shrug.
Yeah, Parker wasn't a problem. Clyde and I shared a look.
"I'm sorry, I wasn't trying to be insensitive...." she said, looking between the two of us. "I know
you're worried about him, Caleb."
It was the height of irony that my nemesis was now someone that might need a hero.
Namely, me.
I nodded, ducking my head to hide my expression. There were too many mixed emotions for me to
Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
den Weissen erhalten, theils aus Holz nachahmen;
auch sind diese Gegenstände zuweilen durch
Steinchen ersetzt, die talismanische Kräfte besitzen
sollen. Nur die in den fernen Bergen wohnenden
tragen hölzerne oder auch eiserne Ringe in den
Nasenwandungen.' Meyer, Nach dem Sacramento, p.
216; Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 142;
Pfeiffer's Second Journ., p. 317; Powers, in Overland
Monthly, vol. x., p. 537; Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii.,
plate xiv.
[446] Maurelle's Jour., p. 18.
[447] Vancouver's Voy., vol. ii., p. 247.
[448] 'The lodges are dome-shaped; like beaver-
houses, an arched roof covers a deep pit sunk in the
ground, the entrance to which is a round hole.' Lord's
Nat., vol. i., p. 278. 'Large round huts, perhaps 20 feet
in diameter, with rounded tops, on which was the door
by which they descended into the interior.' Fremont's
Explor. Ex., p. 204. 'The Modoc excavates a circular
space from two to four feet deep, then makes over it a
conical structure of puncheons, which is strongly
braced up with timbers, frequently hewn and a foot
square.' Powers, in Overland Monthly, vol. x., p. 536;
Id., vol. ix., p. 156. 'The style was very substantial, the
large poles requiring five or six men to lift.' Gibbs, in
Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 175. 'Have only an
opening at the summit.' Domenech's Deserts, vol. ii.,
p. 261. On the inside of the door they frequently place
a sliding panel. 'The Kailtas build wigwams in a conical
shape—as all tribes on the Trinity do—but they
excavate no cellars.' Powers' Pomo, MS. See full
description of dwellings, by Johnston, in Schoolcraft's
Arch., vol. iv., p. 223. The entrance is a 'round hole
just large enough to crawl into, which is on a level
with the surface of the ground, or is cut through the
roof.' Johnson, in Overland Monthly, vol. ii., p. 536;
Miller's Life Amongst the Modocs, p. 377.
[449] 'Built of plank, rudely wrought.' The roofs are
not 'horizontal like those at Nootka, but rise with a
small degree of elevation to a ridge in the middle.'
Vancouver's Voy., vol. ii., pp. 241-2. Well built, of
boards; often twenty feet square; roof pitched over a
ridge-pole; ground usually excavated 3 or 4 feet; some
cellars floored and walled with stone. Gibbs, in
Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 140. 'The dwellings of
the Hoopas were built of large planks, about 1½
inches thick, from two to four feet wide, and from six
to twelve feet in length.' Trinity Journal, April, 1857.
'The floors of these huts are perfectly smooth and
clean, with a square hole two feet deep in the centre,
in which they make their fire.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 17.
'The huts have never but one apartment. The fire is
kindled in the centre, the smoke escaping through the
crevices in the roof.' Hubbard, in Golden Era, March,
1856. The houses of the Eurocs and Cahrocs 'are
sometimes constructed on the level earth, but oftener
they excavate a round cellar, four or five feet deep,
and twelve or fifteen feet in diameter.' Powers, in
Overland Monthly, vol. viii., p. 530; Meyer, Nach dem
Sacramento, p. 220; The Shastas and their neighbors,
MS.
[450] Kit Carson says of lodges seen near Klamath
lake: 'They were made of the broad leaves of the
swamp flag, which were beautifully and intricately
woven together.' Peters' Life of Carson, p. 263. 'The
wild sage furnishes them shelter in the heat of
summer, and, like the Cayote, they burrow in the earth
for protection from the inclemencies of winter.'
Thompson, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1854, p. 283. 'Their
lodges are generally mere temporary structures,
scarcely sheltering them from the pelting storm.'
Palmer, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1854, p. 262.
[451] 'Slightly constructed, generally of poles.'
Emmons, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 218. 'The
earth in the centre scooped out, and thrown up in a
low, circular embankment.' Turner, in Overland
Monthly, p. xi., p. 21.
[452] Powers' Pomo, MS.
[453] 'The rocks supply edible shell-fish.'
Schumacher's Oregon Antiquities, MS. 'The deer and
elk are mostly captured by driving them into traps and
pits.' 'Small game is killed with arrows, and sometimes
elk and deer are dispatched in the same way.'
Hubbard, in Golden Era, April, 1856. 'The elk they
usually take in snares.' Pfeiffer's Second Journ., p. 317.
'The mountain Indians subsisted largely on game,
which of every variety was very abundant, and was
killed with their bows and arrows, in the use of which
they were very expert.' Wiley, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1867,
p. 497. 'Die Indianer am Pittflusse machen Graben
oder Löcher von circa 5 Kubikfuss, bedecken diese mit
Zweigen und Gras ganz leicht, sodass die Thiere, wenn
sie darüber gejagt werden, hinein fallen und nicht
wieder herauskönnen. Wilde Gänse fangen sie mit
Netzen ... Nur selten mögen Indianer den grauen Bär
jagen.' Wimmel, Californien, p. 181; The Shastas and
their Neighbors, MS.
[454] Schumacher, Oregon Antiquities, MS., classifies
their ancient arrow and spear points thus: Long barbs
with projections, short barbs with projections, and
long and short barbs without projections. 'The point of
the spear is composed of a small bone needle, which
sits in a socket, and pulls out as soon as the fish
starts. A string connecting the spear handle and the
center of the bone serves, when pulled, to turn the
needle cross wise in the wound.' Taylor, in Cal. Farmer,
March 8, 1861; Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 146.
[455] The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.; Hubbard,
in Golden Era, April, 1856; Wiley, in Ind. Aff. Rept.,
1867, p. 497. 'In spawning-time the fish school up
from Clear Lake in extraordinary numbers, so that the
Indians have only to put a slight obstruction in the
river, when they can literally shovel them out.' Powers,
in Overland Monthly, vol. x., p. 537; Schumacher's
Oregon Antiquities, MS.
[456] 'The camas is a bulbus root, shaped much like
an onion.' Miller's Life Amongst the Modocs, p. 22.
[457] 'A root about an inch long, and as large as one's
little finger, of a bitter-sweetish and pungent taste,
something like ginseng.' Powers, in Overland Monthly,
vol. x., p. 537.
[458] 'An aquatic plant, with a floating leaf, very much
like that of a pond-lily, in the centre of which is a pod
resembling a poppy-head, full of farinaceous seeds.'
Ib. See also Meyer, Nach dem Sacramento, p. 222.
'Their principal food is the kamas root, and the seed
obtained from a plant growing in the marshes of the
lake, resembling, before hulled, a broom-corn seed.'
Palmer, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1854, p. 263.
[459] The Klamaths 'subsist upon roots and almost
every living thing within their reach, not excepting
reptiles, crickets, ants, etc.' Thompson, in Ind. Aff.
Rept., 1854, p. 283; Heintzelman, in Ind. Aff. Rept.,
1857, p. 391; Roseborough's letter to the author, MS.
[460] Turner, in Overland Monthly, vol. xi., p. 24.
[461] At Rogue River, 'the men go in the morning into
the river, but, like the Malays, bring all the dirt out on
their skins that they took in.' Pfeiffer's Second Journ.,
p. 317. At Pitt River they are 'disgusting in their
habits.' Abbott, in Pac. R. R. Rept., vol. vi., p. 61; The
Shastas and their Neighbors, MS. 'Of the many
hundreds I have seen, there was not one who still
observed the aboriginal mode of life, that had not a
sweet breath. This is doubtless due to the fact that,
before they became civilized, they ate their food cold.'
Powers' Pomo, MS. 'They always rise at the first dawn
of day, and plunge into the river.' Hubbard, in Golden
Era, March, 1856. 'Their persons are unusually clean,
as they use both the sweat-house and the cold-bath
constantly.' Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p.
142. 'Mit Tagesanbruch begibt sich der Allequa
(Trinidad Bay) in jeder Jahreszeit zur nahen Quelle, wo
er sich am ganzen Leibe wäscht und in den Strahlen
der aufsteigenden Sonne trocknen lässt.' Meyer, Nach
dem Sacramento, p. 221; Roseborough's letter to the
author, MS.
[462] Carl Meyer, after describing the bow, adds:
'Fernere Waffen der Allequas sind; das Obsidian-Beil
oder Tomahawk, die Keule, die Lanze und der
Wurfspiess.' Nach dem Sacramento, p. 218. This
statement, I think, may be taken with some allowance,
as nowhere else do I find mention of a tomahawk
being used by the Californians.
[463] Schumacher, Oregon Antiquities, MS., speaking
of an ancient spear-point, says, 'the pointed teeth
show it to have been a very dangerous weapon.'
Roseborough's letter to the author, MS. On the
Klamath River, 'among the skins used for quivers, I
noticed the otter, wild-cat, fisher, fawn, grey fox and
others.' Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 141.
Near Mt Shasta, 'bows and arrows are very beautifully
made: the former are of yew, and about three feet
long ... backed very neatly with sinew, and painted....
The arrows are upwards of thirty inches long.' Wilkes'
Nar., in U. S. Ex. Ex., vol. v., p. 255. At Port Trinidad,
'arrows are carried in quivers of wood or bone, and
hang from their wrist or neck.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 20.
On Pigeon River 'their arrows were in general tipped
with copper or iron.' Greenhow's Hist. Ogn., p. 110.
The Pit River 'arrows are made in three parts.' Abbott,
in Pac. R. R. Rept., vol. vi., p. 61. The Allequas at
Trinidad Bay, described by Carl Meyer, carried their
arrows either 'schussfertig in der Hand oder in einem
über die Schultern geworfenen Köcher aus Fuchs- oder
Biberpelz. Der Bogen ist aus einer starken, elastischen
Rothtannenwurzel verfertigt, etwa 3½ Fuss lang und
auf der Rückseite mit einer Bärensehne überklebt.'
Nach dem Sacramento, p. 217. See Mofras, Explor.,
Atlas, plate xxv. Speaking of the quiver, Mr Powers
says: 'in the animal's head they stuff a quantity of
grass or moss, as a cushion for the arrow-heads to
rest in, which prevents them from being broken.'
Overland Monthly, vol. viii., p. 532. 'Their arrows can
only be extracted from the flesh with the knife.' Cutts'
Conquest of Cal., p. 170. 'Am oberen Theile
(California) ist der Bogen von einer Lage von Hirsch-
Sehnen verstärkt und elastisch gemacht. Die Pfeile
bestehen aus einem rohrartigen Gewächse von
mässiger Länge, an der Spitze mit Obsidian ...
versehen, ihre Länge ist 2 Zoll, ihre Breite 1 Zoll und
die Dicke 1/3 Zoll, scharfkantig und spitz zulaufend.'
Wimmel, Californien, p. 180.
[464] Powers' Pomo, MS.; Schumacher's Oregon
Antiquities, MS.; The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.
[465] Hist. Mag., vol. iii., p. 214.
[466] Johnson, in Overland Monthly, vol. ii., p. 536. At
Trinidad Bay 'zuweilen werden die Pfeile mit dem Safte
des Sumachbaumes vergiftet, und alsdann nur zum
Erlegen wilder Raubthiere gebraucht.' Meyer, Nach
dem Sacramento, p. 218. 'Einige Stämme vergiften die
Spitzen ihrer Pfeile auf folgende Weise: Sie reizen
nämlich eine Klapperschlange mit einer vorgehaltenen
Hirschleber, worin sie beisst, und nachdem nun die
Leber mit dem Gifte vollständig imprägnirt ist, wird sie
vergraben und muss verfaulen; hierin wird nun die
Spitze eingetaucht und dann getrocknet.' Wimmel,
Californien, p. 180. The Pitt River Indians 'use the
poison of the rattle-snake, by grinding the head of that
reptile into an impalpable powder, which is then
applied by means of the putrid blood and flesh of the
dog to the point of the weapon.' Gross' System of
Surgery, vol. i., p. 321. 'The Pitt River Indians
poisoned their arrows in a putrid deer's liver. This is a
slow poison, however, and sometimes will not poison
at all.' The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.;
Schumacher's Oregon Antiquities, MS.
[467] Among other things seen by Meyer were, 'noch
grössere Bogen, die ihnen als bedeutende
Ferngeschosse dienen. Ein solcher ist 6 Fuss lang, und
der Indianer legt sich auf die Erde, um denselben zu
spannen, indem er das rechte Knie in den Bogen
einstemmt und mit beiden Armen nachhilft.' The bow
and arrow, knife, and war-club, constitute their
weapons. In one of their lodges I noticed an elk-skin
shield, so constructed as to be impervious to the
sharpest arrows. Palmer, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1854, p.
262. Miller mentions a Modoc who was 'painted red,
half-naked, and held a tomahawk in his hand.' Life
Amongst the Modocs, p. 20.
[468] Salem Statesman, April, 1857.
[469] Hence, if we may credit Miller, Life Amongst the
Modocs, p. 373, the name Pitt River.
[470] The Hoopas exacted tribute from all the
surrounding tribes. At the time the whites arrived the
Chimalaquays were paying them tribute in deer-skins
at the rate of twenty-five cents per head. Powers'
Pomo, MS. The Hoopahs have a law requiring those
situated on the Trinity, above them to pay tribute.
Humboldt Times, Nov. 1857; S. F. Evening Bulletin,
Nov. 23, 1857.
[471] The Sassics, Cahrocs, Hoopahs, Klamaths and
Rogue River Indians, take no scalps, but decapitate
the slain, or cut off their hands and feet. Pfeiffer's
Second Journ., p. 317.
[472] The Veeards on Lower Humboldt Bay 'took elk-
horns and rubbed them on stones for days together, to
sharpen them into axes and wedges.' Powers' Pomo,
MS. On the Klamath river they had 'spoons neatly
made of bone and horn.' Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch.,
vol. iii., p. 146.
[473] 'For basket making, they use the roots of pine-
trees, the stem of the spice-bush, and ornament with
a kind of grass which looks like a palm leaf, and will
bleach white. They also stain it purple with elder
berries, and green with soapstone.' ... 'The Pitt River
Indians excel all others in basket-making, but are not
particularly good at bead work.' The Shastas and their
Neighbors, MS.; Fremont's Explor. Ex., p. 204;
Johnson, in Overland Monthly, vol. ii., p. 536; Gibbs, in
Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 134; Powers' Pomo, MS.
[474] Wilkes' Nar., in U. S. Ex. Ex., vol. v., p. 253;
Emmons, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 218.
[475] The boats formerly used by the Modocs were
'quite rude and unshapely concerns, compared with
those of the lower Klamath, but substantial and
sometimes large enough to carry 1800 pounds of
merchandise.' Powers, in Overland Monthly, vol. viii.,
p. 532, vol. x., p. 536. 'Blunt at both ends, with a small
projection in the stern for a seat.' Gibbs, in
Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 142. 'Those on Rogue
river were roughly built—some of them scow fashion,
with flat bottom.' Emmons, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol.
iii., p. 218. The Pitt River Indians 'used boats made
from pine; they burn them out ... about twenty feet
long, some very good ones.' The Shastas and their
Neighbors, MS.
[476] Chase, in Overland Monthly, vol. ii., p. 433. 'A
kind of bead made from a shell procured on the coast.
These they string and wear about the neck.... Another
kind is a shell about an inch long, which looks like a
porcupine quill. They are more valuable than the other.
They also use them as nose-ornaments.' The Shastas
and their Neighbors, MS. 'The unit of currency is a
string of the length of a man's arm, with a certain
number of the longer shells below the elbow, and a
certain number of the shorter ones above.' Powers, in
Overland Monthly, vol. viii., p. 329. 'A rare shell, spiral
in shape, varying from one to two inches in length,
and about the size of a crowquill, called by the natives,
Siwash, is used as money.' Hubbard, in Golden Era,
March, 1856.
[477] 'The ownership of a (white) deer-skin,
constitutes a claim to chieftainship, readily
acknowledged by all the dusky race on this coast.'
Humboldt Times, Dec., 1860.
[478] 'Property consists in women, ornaments made of
rare feathers and shells, also furs and skins.' Hubbard,
in Golden Era, March, 1856. Their wealth 'consisted
chiefly of white deerskins, canoes, the scalp of the
red-headed woodpecker, and aliquachiek.' Wiley, in
Ind. Aff. Rept. Joint Spec. Com., 1867, p. 497.
[479] 'Have no tribal organization, no such thing as
public offence.' Roseborough's letter to the author, MS.
A Pitt River chief tried the white man's code, but so
unpopular was it, that he was obliged to abandon it.
The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS. Among the
Klamath and Trinity tribes the power of the chief 'is
insufficient to control the relations of the several
villages, or keep down the turbulence of individuals.'
Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., pp. 139-140. The
Cahrocs, Eurocs, Hoopas, and Kailtas, have a nominal
chief for each village, but his power is extremely
limited and each individual does as he likes. Among
the Tolewas in Del Norte County, money makes the
chief. The Modocs and Patawats have an hereditary
chieftainship. Powers' Pomo, MS. At Trinidad Bay they
were 'governed by a ruler, who directs where they
shall go both to hunt and fish.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 18.
'Der Häuptling ist sehr geachtet; er hat über Handel
und Wandel, Leben und Tod seiner Unterthanen zu
verfügen, und seine Macht vererbt sich auf seinen
Erstgebornen.' Meyer, Nach dem Sacramento, p. 223.
The chief 'obtains his position from his wealth, and
usually manages to transmit his effects and with them
his honors, to his posterity.' Hubbard, in Golden Era,
March, 1856. Formerly 'the different rancherias had
chiefs, or heads, known as Mow-wee-mas, their
influence being principally derived from their age,
number of relatives, and wealth.' Wiley, in Ind. Aff.
Rept. Joint Spec. Com., p. 497.
[480] The Cahrocs compound for murder by payment
of one string. Among the Patawats the average fine for
murdering a man is ten strings, for killing a woman
five strings, worth about $100 and $50 respectively.
'An average Patawut's life is considered worth about
six ordinary canoes, each of which occupies two
Indians probably three months in making, or, in all,
tantamount to the labor of one man for a period of
three years.' 'The Hoopas and Kailtas also paid for
murder, or their life was taken by the relatives of the
deceased.' Powers' Pomo, MS. 'They seem to do as
they please, and to be only governed by private
revenge. If one man kills another the tribe or family of
the latter kill the murderer, unless he buy himself off.'
The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.
[481] Drew's Owyhee Reconnaissance, p. 17.
[482] The Cahrocs, Eurocs, Hoopahs, and Patawats, all
acquire their wives by purchase. The Shastas and their
Neighbors, MS.; Powers' Pomo, MS. 'Wenn ein Allequa
seine künftige Lebensgefährtin unter den Schönen
seines Stammes erwählt hat und sich verheirathen will,
muss er dem Mauhemi (chief) eine armslange
Muschelschnur vorzeigen.' Meyer, Nach dem
Sacramento, p. 223. The mountain Indians seldom, if
ever, intermarry with those on the coast. Wiley, in Ind.
Aff. Rept. Joint Spec. Com., 1867, p. 497; Gibbs, in
Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 127. Buy wives with
shell-money. Pfeiffer's Second Journ. Among the
Modocs 'the women are offered for sale to the highest
buyer.' Meacham's Lecture, in S. F. Alta California, Oct.
6, 1861; Miller's Life Amongst the Modocs.
[483] Polygamy is common among the Modocs.
Meacham's Lecture, in S. F. Alta California, Oct. 6,
1873. On Pitt River a chief sometimes has five wives.
'The most jealous people in the world.' The Shastas
and their Neighbors, MS.; Roseborough's letter to the
author, MS. 'Among the tribes in the north of the State
adultery is punished by the death of the child.' Taylor,
in California Farmer, March 8, 1861. 'The males have
as many wives as they are able to purchase;' adultery
committed by a woman is punished with death.
Hubbard, in Golden Era, March, 1856. Among the
Cahrocs polygamy is not tolerated; among the Modocs
polygamy prevails, and the women have considerable
privilege. The Hoopa adulterer loses one eye, the
adulteress is exempt from punishment. Powers' Pomo,
MS. The Weeyots at Eel river 'have as many wives as
they please.' Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p.
127. At Trinidad Bay 'we found out that they had a
plurality of wives.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 19.
[484] All the young unmarried women are a common
possession. Powers, in Overland Monthly, vol. viii., p.
330. The women bewail their virginity for three nights
before their marriage. Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch.,
vol. iii., p. 173. If we believe Powers, they cannot
usually have much to bewail.
[485] Boys are disgraced by work. The Shastas and
their Neighbors, MS. Women work, while men gamble
or sleep. Wiley, in Ind. Aff. Rept. Joint Spec. Com.,
1867, p. 497; Parker, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1857, p. 242;
Roseborough's letter to the author, MS.
[486] Kane's Wand., p. 182.
[487] For the god Chareya, see Bancroft's Nat. Races,
vol. iii., pp. 90, 161.
[488] Pfeiffer's Second Journ., p. 318. The Pitt River
Indians 'sing as they gamble and play until they are so
hoarse they cannot speak.' The Shastas and their
Neighbors, MS.
[489] Chase, in Overland Monthly, vol. ii., p. 433.
[490] 'They used tobacco, which they smoaked in
small wooden pipes, in form of a trumpet, and
procured from little gardens, where they had planted
it.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 21.
[491] The Pitt River Indians 'give no medicines.' The
Shastas and their Neighbors, MS. 'The prevailing
diseases are venereal, scrofula and rheumatism.' Many
die of consumption. Force, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1871, p.
157. At the mouth of Eel river 'the principal diseases
noticed, were sore eyes and blindness, consumption,
and a species of leprosy.' Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch.,
vol. iii., p. 128. They suffer from a species of lung
fever. Geiger, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1858, p. 289. 'A
disease was observed among them (the Shastas)
which had the appearance of the leprosy.' Wilkes' Nar.,
in U. S. Ex. Ex., vol. v., p. 255.
[492] 'The only medicine I know of is a root used for
poultices, and another root or plant for an emetic.' The
Shastas and their Neighbors, MS. 'The root of a
parasite fern, found growing on the tops of the fir
trees (collque nashul), is the principal remedy. The
plant in small doses is expectorant and diurtetic; hence
it is used to relieve difficulties of the lungs and
kidneys; and, in large doses, it becomes sedative and
is an emmenagogue; hence, it relieves fevers, and is
useful in uterine diseases, and produces abortions.
The squaws use the root extensively for this last
mentioned purpose.' Hubbard, in Golden Era, March,
1856.
[493] A Pitt River doctor told his patient that for his
fee 'he must have his horse or he would not let him
get well.' The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.;
Powers, in Overland Monthly, vol. viii., p. 428; Gibbs,
in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 175.
[494] The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.; Rector, in
Ind. Aff. Rept., 1862, p. 261; Ostrander, in Id., 1857,
p. 369; Miller, in Id., p. 361.
[495] Temescal is an Aztec word defined by Molina,
Vocabulario, 'Temazcalli, casilla como estufa, adonde
se bañan y sudan.' The word was brought to this
region and applied to the native sweat-houses by the
Franciscan Fathers. Turner, in Pac. R. R. Rept., vol. iii.,
p. 72, gives 'sweat-house' in the Chemehuevi
language, as pahcaba.
[496] Roseborough's letter to the author, MS.; The
Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.; Pfeiffer's Second
Journ., p. 317; Powers' Pomo, MS.; Chase, in Overland
Monthly, vol. ii., p. 432.
[497] Meacham's Lecture on the Modocs, in S. F. Alta
California, Oct. 6, 1873; The Shastas and their
Neighbors, MS.
[498] On Pitt River they burn their dead and heap
stones over the ashes for a monument. 'No funeral
ceremonies.' The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS. On
the ocean frontier of south Oregon and north
California 'the dead are buried with their faces looking
to the west.' Hubbard, in Golden Era, March, 1856.
The Patawats and Chillulas bury their dead. The
Tolewahs are not allowed to name the dead. Powers'
Pomo, MS. 'It is one of the most strenuous Indian laws
that whoever mentions the name of a deceased
person is liable to a heavy fine, the money being paid
to the relatives.' Chase, in Overland Monthly, vol. ii., p.
431. 'The bodies had been doubled up, and placed in a
sitting posture in holes. The earth, when replaced,
formed conical mounds over the heads.' Abbott, in
Pac. R. R. Rept., vol. vi., p. 69. 'They bury their dead
under the noses of the living, and with them all their
worldly goods. If a man of importance, his house is
burned and he is buried on its site.' Johnson, in
Overland Monthly, vol. ii., p. 536. 'The chick or ready
money, is placed in the owner's grave, but the bow
and quiver become the property of the nearest male
relative. Chiefs only receive the honors of a fence,
surmounted with feathers, round the grave.' Gibbs, in
Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 175. 'Upon the death of
one of these Indians they raised a sort of funeral cry,
and afterward burned the body within the house of
their ruler.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 19.
[499] Muck-a-muck, food. In the Chinook Jargon 'to
eat; to bite; food. Muckamuck chuck, to drink water.'
Dict. Chinook Jargon, or Indian Trade Language, p. 12.
[500] In the vicinity of Nootka Sound and the
Columbia River, the first United States traders with the
natives were from Boston; the first English vessels
appeared about the same time, which was during the
reign of George III. Hence in the Chinook Jargon we
find 'Boston, an American; Boston illahie, the United
States;' and 'King George, English—King George man,
an Englishman.'
[501] 'They will often go three or four miles out of
their way, to avoid passing a place which they think to
be haunted.' The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS.
[502] The Pitt River Indians 'are very shrewd in the
way of stealing, and will beat a coyote. They are full of
cunning.' The Shastas and their Neighbors, MS. They
'are very treacherous and bloody in their dispositions.'
Abbott, in Pac. R. R. Rept., vol. vi., p. 61. 'The Indians
of the North of California stand at the very lowest
point of culture.' Pfeiffer's Second Journ., p. 316.
'Incapable of treachery, but ready to fight to the death
in avenging an insult or injury. They are active and
energetic in the extreme.' Kelly's Excursion to Cal., vol.
ii., p. 166. At Klamath Lake they are noted for
treachery. Fremont's Explor. Ex., p. 205. 'The Tolowas
resemble the Hoopas in character, being a bold and
masterly race, formidable in battle, aggressive and
haughty.' The Patawats are 'extremely timid and
inoffensive.' The Chihulas, like most of the coast tribes
'are characterized by hideous and incredible
superstitions.' The Modocs 'are rather a cloddish,
indolent, ordinarily good-natured race, but treacherous
at bottom, sullen when angered, and notorious for
keeping punic faith. Their bravery nobody can dispute.'
The Yukas are a 'tigerish, truculent, sullen, thievish,
and every way bad, but brave race.' Powers' Pomo,
MS. On Trinity River 'they have acquired the vices of
the whites without any of their virtues.' Heintzelman,
in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1857, p. 391. Above the forks of the
main Trinity they are 'fierce and intractable.' On the
Klamath they 'have a reputation for treachery, as well
as revengefulness; are thievish, and much disposed to
sulk if their whims are not in every way indulged.'
They 'blubber like a schoolboy at the application of a
switch.' Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., pp. 139,
141, 176. The Rogue River Indians and Shastas 'are a
warlike race, proud and haughty, but treacherous and
very degraded in their moral nature.' Miller, in Ind. Aff.
Rept., 1857, p. 361. At Rogue River they are 'brave,
haughty, indolent, and superstitious.' Ostrander, in Id.,
1857, p. 363; Roseborough's letter to the author, MS.
[503] These are not to be confounded with the Yukas
in Round Valley, Tehama County.
[504] Spelled Walhalla on some maps.
[505] In the vicinity of Fort Ross, 'Die Indianer sind
von mittlerem Wuchse, doch trifft man auch hohe
Gestalten unter ihnen an; sie sind ziemlich wohl
proportionirt, die Farbe der Haut ist bräunlich, doch ist
diese Farbe mehr eine Wirkung der Sonne als
angeboren; die Augen und Haare sind schwarz, die
letzteren stehen straff.... Beide Geschlechter sind von
kräftigem Körperbau.' Kostromitonow, in Baer, Stat. u.
Ethn., p. 81. 'Quoique surpris dans un très-grand
négligé, ces hommes me parurent beaux, de haute
taille, robustes et parfaitement découplés ... traits
réguliers ... yeux noirs ... nez aquilin surmonté d'un
front élevé, les pommettes des joues arrondies, ...
fortes lèvres ... dents blanches et bien rangées ...
peau jaune cuivré, un cou annonçant la vigueur et
soutenu par de larges épaules ... un air intelligent et
fier à la fois.... Je trouvai toutes les femmes
horriblement laides.' Laplace, Circumnav., tom. vi.,
145-6. At the head of the Eel River 'the average height
of these men was not over five feet four or five inches.
They were lightly built, with no superfluous flesh, but
with very deep chests and sinewy legs.' Gibbs, in
Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 119. 'The Clear Lake
Indians are of a very degraded caste; their foreheads
naturally being often as low as the compressed skulls
of the Chinooks, and their forms commonly small and
ungainly.' Id., p. 108. At Bodega Bay 'they are an ugly
and brutish race, many with negro profiles.' Id., p.
103. 'They are physically an inferior race, and have
flat, unmeaning features, long, coarse, straight black
hair, big mouths, and very dark skins.' Revere's Tour,
p. 120. 'Large and strong, their colour being the same
as that of the whole territory.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 47. It
is said of the natives of the Sacramento valley, that
'their growth is short and stunted; they have short
thick necks, and clumsy heads; the forehead is low,
the nose flat with broad nostrils, the eyes very narrow
and showing no intelligence, the cheek-bones
prominent, and the mouth large. The teeth are white,
but they do not stand in even rows: and their heads
are covered by short, thick, rough hair.... Their color is
a dirty yellowish-brown.' Pfeiffer's Second Journ., p.
307. 'This race of Indians is probably inferior to all
others on the continent. Many of them are diminutive
in stature, but they do not lack muscular strength, and
we saw some who were tall and well-formed.... Their
complexion is a dark mahogany, or often nearly black,
their faces round or square, with features
approximating nearer to the African than the Indian.
Wide, enormous mouth, noses nearly flat, and hair
straight, black, and coarse.... Small, gleaming eyes.'
Johnson's Cal. and Ogn., pp. 142-3. Of good stature,
strong and muscular. Bryant's Cal., p. 266. 'Rather
below the middle stature, but strong, well-knit
fellows.... Good-looking, and well limbed.' Kelly's
Excursion to Cal., vol. ii., pp. 81, 111. 'They were in
general fine stout men.' A great diversity of
physiognomy was noticeable. Pickering's Races, in U.
S. Ex. Ex., vol. ix., pp. 105, 107. On the Sacramento
'were fine robust men, of low stature, and badly
formed.' Wilkes' Nar., in U. S. Ex. Ex., vol. v., p. 198.
'The mouth is very large, and the nose broad and
depressed.' 'Chiefly distinguished by their dark color ...
broad faces, a low forehead.' Hale's Ethnog., in U. S.
Ex. Ex., vol. vi., p. 222. 'Their features are coarse,
broad, and of a dark chocolate color.' Taylor, in Cal.
Farmer, Nov. 2, 1860. At Drake's Bay, just above San
Francisco, the men are 'commonly so strong of body,
that that which two or three of our men could hardly
beare, one of them would take vpon his backe, and
without grudging carrie it easily away, vp hill and
downe hill an English mile together.' Drake's World
Encomp., p. 131. 'Los Naturales de este sitio y Puerto
son algo trigueños, por lo quemados del Sol, aunque
los venidos de la otra banda del Puerto y del Estero ...
son mas blancos y corpulentos.' Palou, Vida de
Junípero Serra, p. 215. 'Ugly, stupid, and savage;
otherwise they are well formed, tolerably tall, and of a
dark brown complexion. The women are short, and
very ugly; they have much of the negro in their
countenance.... Very long, smooth, and coal-black
hair.' Kotzebue's Voy., vol. i., pp. 282-3. 'They all have
a very savage look, and are of a very dark color.'
Chamisso, in Kotzebue's Voy., vol. iii., p. 47. 'Ill made;
their faces ugly, presenting a dull, heavy, and stupid
countenance.' Vancouver's Voy., vol. ii., p. 13. The
Tcholovoni tribe 'differe beaucoup de toutes les autres
par les traits du visage par sa physionomie, par un
extèrieur assez agréable.' Choris, Voy. Pitt., part iii., p.
6., plate vi., vii., xii. 'The Alchones are of good height,
and the Tuluraios were thought to be, generally, above
the standard of Englishmen. Their complexion is much
darker than that of the South-sea Islanders, and their
features far inferior in beauty.' Beechey's Voy., vol. ii.,
p. 76. At Santa Clara they are 'of a blackish colour,
they have flat faces, thick lips, and black, coarse,
straight hair.' Kotzebue's New Voy., vol. ii., p. 98. 'Their
features are handsome, and well-proportioned; their
countenances are cheerful and interesting.' Morrell's
Voy., p. 212. At Placerville they are 'most repulsive-
looking wretches.... They are nearly black, and are
exceedingly ugly.' Borthwick's Three Years in Cal., p.
128. In the Yosemite Valley 'they are very dark
colored,' and 'the women are perfectly hideous.'
Kneeland's Wonders of Yosemite, p. 52. The Monos on
the east side of the Sierra are 'a fine looking race,
straight, and of good height, and appear to be active.'
Von Schmidt, in Ind. Aff. Rept., 1856, p. 2-3. At
Monterey 'ils sont en général bien faits, mais faibles
d'esprit et de corps.' In the vicinity of San Miguel, they
are 'généralement d'une couleur foncée, sales et mal
faits ... à l'exception tout fois des Indiens qui habitent
sur les bords de la rivière des tremblements de terre,
et sur la côte voisine. Ceux-ci sont blancs, d'une joli
figure, et leurs cheveux tirent sur le roux.' Fages, in
Nouvelles Annales des Voy., 1844, tom. ci., pp. 332,
163; also quoted in Marmier, Notice sur les Indiens, p.
236. 'Sont généralement petits, faibles ... leur couleur
est très-approchante de celle des nègres dont les
cheveux ne sont point laineux: ceux de ces peuples
sont longs et très-forts.' La Pérouse, Voy., tom. ii., p.
281. 'La taille des hommes est plus haute (than that of
the Chilians), et leurs muscles mieux prononcés.' The
figure of the women 'est plus élevée (than that of the
Chilian women), et la forme de leurs membres est plus
régulière; elles sont en général d'une stature mieux
développée et d'une physionomie moins repoussante.'
Rollin, in La Pérouse, Voy., tom. iv., p. 52. At San José
'the men are almost all rather above the middling
stature, and well built; very few indeed are what may
be called undersized. Their complexions are dark but
not negro like ... some seemed to possess great
muscular strength; they have very coarse black hair.'
Some of the women were more than five feet six
inches in height. And speaking of the Californian
Indians, in general, 'they are of a middling, or rather
of a low stature, and of a dark brown colour,
approaching to black ... large projecting lips, and
broad, flat, negro-like noses; ... bear a strong
resemblance to the negroes.... None of the men we
saw were above five feet high ... ill-proportioned ... we
had never seen a less pleasing specimen of the human
race.' Langsdorff's Voy., vol. ii., pp. 194-5, 164, see
plate. And speaking generally of the Californian
Indians: 'Die Männer sind im Allgemeinen gut gebaut
und von starker Körperbildung,' height 'zwischen fünf
Fuss vier Zoll und fünf Fuss zehn oder eilf Zoll.'
Complexion 'die um ein klein wenig heller als bei den
Mulatten, also weit dunkler ist, als bei den übrigen
Indianerstämmen.' Osswald, Californien, p. 62. The
coast Indians 'are about five feet and a half in height,
and rather slender and feeble,' in the interior they 'are
taller and more robust.' Farnham's Life in Cal., p. 364.
'Cubische Schädelform, niedrige Stirn, breites Gesicht,
mit hervorragendem Jochbogen, breite Lippen und
grosser Mund, mehr platte Nase und am Innenwinkel
herabgezogene Augen.' Wimmel, Californien, pp. v,
177. 'Les Californiens sont presque noirs; la disposition
de leur yeux et l'ensemble de leur visage leur donnent
avec les européens une ressemblance assez marquée.'
Rossi, Souvenirs, pp. 279-80. 'They are small in
stature; thin, squalid, dirty, and degraded in
appearance. In their habits little better than an
ourang-outang, they are certainly the worst type of
savage I have ever seen.' Lord's Nat., vol. i., p. 249.
'More swarthy in complexion, and of less stature than
those east of the Rocky Mountains ... more of the
Asiatic cast of countenance than the eastern tribe.'
Delano's Life on the Plains, p. 304. 'Dépasse rarement
la hauteur de cinq pieds deux ou trois pouces; leur
membres sont grêles et médiocrement musclés. Ils ont
de grosses lévres qui se projettent en avant, le nez
large et aplati comme les Ethiopiens; leurs cheveux
sont noirs, rude et droits.' Auger, Voy. en Cal., p. 165.
'Generally of small stature, robust appearance, and not
well formed.' Thornton's Ogn. and Cal., vol. ii., p. 91.
'Schön gewachsen und von schwärtzlich-brauner
Farbe.' Mühlenpfordt Mejico, tom. ii., part ii., p. 455.
'Low foreheads and skins as black as Guinea negroes.'
Domenech's Deserts, vol. i., p. 85. 'En naissant les
enfants sont presque blancs ... mais ils noircissent en
grandissant.' 'Depuis le nord du Rio Sacramento
jusqu'au cap San Lucas ... leurs caractères physique,
leurs moeurs et leurs usages sont les mêmes.' Mofras,
Explor., tom. ii., pp. 263, 367. 'Skin of such a deep
reddish-brown that it seems almost black.' Figuier's
Human Race, p. 493; Buschmann, Spuren der Aztek.
Sprache, p. 528; Forbes' Cal., pp. 180-3; Harper's
Monthly, vol. xiii., p. 583. 'A fine set of men, who,
though belonging to different nationalities, had very
much the same outward appearance; so that when
you have seen one you seem to have seen them all.'
Pim and Seemann's Dottings, p. 15.
[506] On the Sacramento River 'the men universally
had some show of a beard, an inch or so in length, but
very soft and fine.' Pickering's Races, in U. S. Ex. Ex.,
vol. ix., p. 105. 'They had beards and whiskers an inch
or two long, very soft and fine.' Wilkes' Nar., in U. S.
Ex. Ex., vol. v., p. 198. On Russian River 'they have
quite heavy moustaches and beards on the chin, but
not much on the cheeks, and they almost all suffer it
to grow.' The Clear Lake Indians 'have also
considerable beards, and hair on the person.' At the
head of South Fork of Eel River, 'they pluck their
beards.' Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., pp. 108-
119. At Monterey 'plusieurs ont de la barbe; d'autres,
suivant les pères missionaires, n'en ont jamais eu, et
c'est un question qui n'est pas même décidée dans le
pays.' La Pérouse, Voy., vol. ii., p. 282. 'Les
Californiens ont la barbe plus fournie que les Chiliens,
et les parties génitales mieux garnies: cependant j'ai
remarqué, parmi les hommes, un grand nombre
d'individus totalement dépourvus de barbe; les
femmes ont aussi peu de poil au pénil et aux aisselles.'
Rollin, in La Pérouse, Voy., vol. iv., p. 53. 'They have
the habit common to all American Indians of extracting
the beard and the hair of other parts of their body.'
Farnham's Life in Cal., p. 364. Beards 'short, thin, and
stiff.' Bartlett's Nar., vol. ii., p. 34. 'In general very
scanty, although occasionally a full flowing beard is
observed.' Forbes' Cal., pp. 181-2. 'Beards thin; many
shave them close with mussel-shells.' Langsdorff's
Voy., vol. ii., p. 164. 'Ihr Bart ist schwach.' Wimmel,
Californien, vol. v. At San Antonio, 'in the olden times,
before becoming christians, they pulled out their
beards.' Taylor, in Cal. Farmer, April 27, 1860. Choris in
his Voy. Pitt., plates vi., vii., xii., of part iii., draws the
Indians with a very slight and scattered beard. 'Pluck
out their beard.' Auger, Voy. in Cal., p. 165. 'Wear
whiskers.' Thornton's Ogn. and Cal., vol. ii., p. 91. 'Les
Indiens qui habitent dans la direction du cap de
Nouvel-An (del Año Nuevo) ... ont des moustaches.'
Fages, in Nouvelles Annales des Voy., 1844, tom. ci., p.
335. Mühlenpfordt mentions that at the death of a
relation, 'die Männer raufen Haupthaar und Bart sich
aus.' Mejico, vol. ii., part ii., p. 456.
[507] At Fort Ross 'Die Männer gehen ganz nackt, die
Frauen hingegen bedecken nur den mittleren Theil des
Körpers von vorne und von hinten mit den Fellen
wilder Ziegen; das Haar binden die Männer auf dem
Schopfe, die Frauen am Nacken in Büschel zusammen;
bisweilen lassen sie es frei herunter wallen; die
Männer heften die Büschel mit ziemlich künstlich, aus
einer rothen Palme geschnitzten Hölzchen fest.'
Kostromitonow, in Baer, Stat. u. Ethno., p. 82. At Clear
Lake 'the women generally wear a small round, bowl-
shaped basket on their heads; and this is frequently
interwoven with the red feathers of the woodpecker,
and edged with the plume tufts of the blue quail.'
Gibbs, in Schoolcraft's Arch., vol. iii., p. 107. See also
p. 68, plate xiv., for plate of ornaments. At Kelsey
River, dress 'consists of a deer-skin robe thrown over
the shoulders.' Id., p. 122. In the Sacramento Valley
'they were perfectly naked.' Kelly's Excursion to Cal.,
vol. ii., p. 111. 'Both sexes have the ears pierced with
large holes, through which they pass a piece of wood
as thick as a man's finger, decorated with paintings or
glass beads.' Pfeiffer's Second Journ., p. 307. 'The men
go entirely naked; but the women, with intuitive
modesty, wear a small, narrow, grass apron, which
extends from the waist to the knees, leaving their
bodies and limbs partially exposed.' Delano's Life on
the Plains, pp. 305, 307. 'They wear fillets around their
heads of leaves.' Wilkes' Nar., in U. S. Ex. Ex., vol. v.,
p. 192. 'The dress of the women is a cincture,
composed of narrow slips of fibrous bark, or of strings
of 'Californian flax,' or sometimes of rushes.' Men
naked. Pickering's Races, in U. S. Ex. Ex., vol. ix., p.
108. At Bodega they 'most liberally presented us with
plumes of feathers, rosaries of bone, garments of
feathers, as also garlands of the same materials, which
they wore round their head.' Maurelle's Jour., p. 47.
'The women wore skins of animals about their
shoulders and waists;' hair 'clubbed behind.'
Vancouver's Voy., vol. ii., p. 436. Around San Francisco
Bay: 'in summer many go entirely naked. The women,
however, wear a deer-skin, or some other covering
about their loins; but skin dresses are not common.' To
their ears the women 'attach long wooden cylinders,
variously carved, which serve the double purpose of
ear-rings and needle-cases.' Beechey's Voy., vol. ii., p.
77. 'All go naked.' Chamisso, in Kotzebue's Voy., vol.
iii., p. 48. 'The men either go naked or wear a simple
breech-cloth. The women wear a cloth or strips of
leather around their loins.' Bartlett's Pers. Nar., vol. ii.,
p. 33. Three hundred years ago we are told that the
men in the vicinity of San Francisco Bay 'for the most
part goe naked; the women take a kinde of bulrushes,
and kembing it after the manner of hemp, make
themselues thereof a loose garment, which being
knitte about their middles, hanges downe about their
hippes, and so affordes to them a couering of that
which nature teaches should be hidden; about their
shoulders they weare also the skin of a deere, with the
haire vpon it.' The king had upon his shoulders 'a
coate of the skins of conies, reaching to his wast; his
guard also had each coats of the same shape, but of
other skin.... After these in their order, did follow the
naked sort of common people, whose haire being long,
was gathered into a bunch behind, in which stucke
plumes of feathers; but in the forepart onely single
feathers like hornes, every one pleasing himselfe in his
owne device.' Drake's World Encomp., pp. 121, 126.
'Asi como Adamitas se presentan sin el menor rubor ni
vergüenza (esto es, los hombres) y para librarse del
frio que todo el año hace en esta Mision (San
Francisco), principalmente las mañanas, se embarran
con lodo, diciendo que les preserva de él, y en quanto
empieza á calentar el Sol se lavan: las mugeres andan
algo honestas, hasta las muchachas chiquitas: usan
para la honestidad de un delantar que hacen de hilos
de tule, ó juncia, que no pasa de la rodilla, y otro atrás
amarrados á la cintura que ambos forman como unas
enaguas, con que se presentan con alguna
honestidad, y en las espaldas se ponen otros
semejantes para librarse en alguna manera del frio.'
Palou, Vida de Junípero Serra, p. 217. At Monterey,
and on the coast between Monterey and Santa
Barbara the dress 'du plus riche consiste en un
manteau da peau de loutre qui couvre ses reins et
descend au dessous des sines.... L'habillement des
femmes est un manteau de peau de cerf mal
tannée.... Les jeunes filles au-dessous de neuf ans
n'ont qu'une simple ceinture et les enfans de l'autre
sexe sont tout nus.' La Pérouse, Voy., tom. ii., pp. 304-
5. 'Ils se percent aussi les oreilles, et y portent des
ornemens d'un genre et d'un gout trés-variés.' Rollin,
in La Pérouse, Voy., tom. ii., p. 53. 'Those between
Monterey and the extreme northern boundary of the
Mexican domain, shave their heads close.' Boscana, in
Robinson's Life in Cal., p. 239. On the coast between
San Diego and San Francisco 'presque tous ... vont
entierement nus; ceux qui ont quelques vêtements,
n'ont autre chose qu'une casaque faite de courroies de
peau de lapins, de lièvres ou de loutres tressés
ensemble, et qui ont conservé le poil. Les femmes ont
une espèce de tablier de roseaux tressés qui s'attache
autour de la taille par un cordon, et pend jusqu'aux
genoux; une peau de cerf mal tannée et mal préparée,
jetée sur leurs épaules en guise de manteau, compléte
leur toilette.' Fages, in Nouvelles Annales des Voy.,
1844, tom. ci., p. 155; see also Marmier, Notice, in
Bryant, Voy. en Cal., p. 227. 'Sont tres peu couverts, et
en été, la plupart vont tout nus. Les femmes font
usage de peaux de daim pour se couvrir.... Ces
femmes portent encore comme vêtement des espèces
de couvertures sans envers, faites en plumes tissues
ensemble ... il a l'avantage d'être très-chaud.... Elles
portent généralement, au lieu de boucles d'oreilles,
des morceaux d'os ou de bois en forme de cylindre et
sculptés de différentes manières. Ces ornements sont
creux et servent également d'étuis pour renfermer
leurs aiguilles.' Petit-Thouars, Voy., tom. ii., p. 135.
Speaking generally of the Californian Indians, 'both
sexes go nearly naked, excepting a sort of wrapper
round the waist, only in the coldest part of the winter
they throw over their bodies a covering of deer-skin,
or the skin of the sea-otter. They also make
themselves garments of the feathers of many different
kinds of water fowl, particularly ducks and geese,
bound together fast in a sort of ropes, which ropes are
then united quite close so as to make something like a
feather skin.' It is very warm. 'In the same manner
they cut the sea-otter skins into small strips, which
they twist together, and then join them as they do the
feathers, so that both sides have the fur alike.'
Langsdorff's Voy., vol. ii., pp. 163-4. See also
Farnham's Life in Cal., p. 364, and Forbes' Cal., p. 183.
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