해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 1 2024. 5. 9.

오후 1:12
 (x+1)(x-2)(x+3)(x-6)
=(x+1)(x-6)(x-2)(x+3)
=(xÛ`-5x-6)(xÛ`+x-6)
xÛ`-6=t
(t-5x)(t+x)=tÛ`-4xt-5xÛ`

01 =(xÛ`-6)Û`-4x(xÛ`-6)-5xÛ`
=(xÝ`-12xÛ`+36)+(-4xÜ`+24x)-5xÛ`
=xÝ`-4xÜ`-17xÛ`+24x+36

001
2(A-B)+3B
=2A+B
006
=2(3xÛ`+6x+3)+(2xÛ`-1) (2x-3)(xÛ`+ax+5) xÛ`
=8xÛ`+12x+5 (x )_(x )+( )_(xÛ` )
2_a+(-3)_1=5 a=4
(2x-3)(xÛ`+4x+5) x
002 (x )_( )+( )_(x )
2_5+(-3)_4=-2
2A+B-{A-(C-3B)}
=2A+B-(A-C+3B)
=2A+B-A+C-3B=A-2B+C
=(3xÜ`-x+6)-2(xÜ`-xÛ`+2x-1)+(-xÛ`+5x-10) 007
=xÜ`+xÛ`-2
(2x+1)Ü`=(2x)Ü`+3_(2x)Û`_1+3_2x_1Û`+1Ü`
=8xÜ`+12xÛ`+6x+1 ( )

003 (x+y)(xÛ`-xy+yÛ`)=xÜ`+yÜ` (
(a-b+c)Û`
)

A-2(X-B)=5A =aÛ`+(-b)Û`+cÛ`+2_a_(-b)+2_(-b)_c+2ca
-2(X-B)=4A X-B=-2A =aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-2ab-2bc+2ca ( )
X=B-2A=(3xÛ`-x+2)-2(xÛ`+2x-5)
=xÛ`-5x+12

004 008 29

(x+3y-1)(2x-y+3) (5xÜ`-3xÛ`+2x)Û`=(5xÜ`-3xÛ`+2x)(5xÜ`-3xÛ`+2x)
=(2xÛ`-xy+3x)+(6xy-3yÛ`+9y)+(-2x+y-3) xÝ`
=2xÛ`-3yÛ`+5xy+x+10y-3 (xÜ` ) (x )+(xÛ` ) (xÛ` )
+(x ) (xÜ` )
5_2+(-3)_(-3)+2_5=29
005
xÛ`+2x=t (5xÜ`-3xÛ`+2x)Û`
(xÛ`+2x-1)(xÛ`+2x-4) =25xß`+9xÝ`+4xÛ`+2(-15xÞ`-6xÜ`+10xÝ`)
=(t-1)(t-4)=tÛ`-5t+4 =25xß`-30xÞ`+29xÝ`-12xÜ`+4xÛ`
=(xÛ`+2x)Û`-5(xÛ`+2x)+4 xÝ` 29
=(xÝ`+4xÜ`+4xÛ`)+(-5xÛ`-10x)+4
=xÝ`+4xÜ`-xÛ`-10x+4
(x-2)(x-1)(x+2)(x+3)
=(x-1)(x+2)(x-2)(x+3)
009 7

=(xÛ`+x-2)(xÛ`+x-6) (x-2)(x+1)(x+3)
xÛ`+x=t =xÜ`+(-2+1+3)xÛ`+{(-2)_1+1_3+3_(-2)}x
(t-2)(t-6)=tÛ`-8t+12 +(-2)_1_3
=(xÛ`+x)Û`-8(xÛ`+x)+12 =xÜ`+2xÛ`-5x-6
=(xÝ`+2xÜ`+xÛ`)+(-8xÛ`-8x)+12 xÛ` a=2 x b=-5
=xÝ`+2xÜ`-7xÛ`-8x+12 a-b=2-(-5)=7

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 2 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 1 1 1
xÜ`+ ={x+ }Ü`-3{x+ } 
xÜ` x x
(x-2)(x+1)(x+3) xÛ`
=6Ü`-3 6=198
(x )_(x )_( )
+(x )_( )_(x )
+( )_(x )_(x ) 015
a=1_1_3+1_1_1+(-2)_1_1=2

I
xÛ`-3x-1=0 x+0
x
x
(x )_( )_( )
1 1
+( )_(x )_( ) x-3- =0 x- =3
x x
+( )_( )_(x ) 1 1 1
xÜ`- ={x- }Ü`+3{x- } 
b=1_1_3+(-2)_1_3+(-2)_1_1=-5 xÜ` x x
a-b=2-(-5)=7 =3Ü`+3_3=36

010 016
(x-1)(x+1)=xÛ`-1 a+b+c=3 aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=21
(x-1)( xÛ`+x+1 )=xÜ`-1 (a+b+c)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2(ab+bc+ca)
(x-1)(xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1)= xÝ`-1 3Û`=21+2(ab+bc+ca)

n`(n¾2) ab+bc+ca=-6

(x-1)(xn-1+xn-2+y+x+1)= xn-1

017
`xÛ`+x+1 `xÝ`-1 `xn-1
2xÜ`+3xÛ`-7x+4 2x-3
xÛ`+3x +1 `
011 38
2x-3<Ô2xÜ`+3xÛ`-7x+4
x+y=2 xy=-5 2xÜ`-3xÛ`
xÜ`+yÜ`=(x+y)Ü`-3xy(x+y) 6xÛ`-7x+4
=2Ü`-3_(-5)_2=38 6xÛ`-9x
2x+4
2x-3
012 7 `
a-b=2 aÛ`+bÛ`=6 xÛ`+3x+1 7
aÛ`+bÛ`=(a-b)Û`+2ab 6=2Û`+2ab ab=1
aÜ`-bÜ`=(a-b)Ü`+3ab(a-b)
=2Ü`+3_1_2=14
018
4xÛ`-5x+3 x+a

013 4x +(-5-4a) `
x+a<Ô4xÛ`- 5x+ 3
x=1+'3 y=1-'3
4xÛ`+ 4ax
x-y=(1+'3)-(1-'3)=2'3
(-5-4a)x+ 3 yy yy TIP
xy=(1+'3)(1-'3)=-2
xÜ`-yÜ`=(x-y)Ü`+3xy(x-y) (-5-4a)x+ a(-5-4a)
=(2'3)Ü`+3_(-2)_2'3 4aÛ` + 5a + 3 `
=24'3-12'3=12'3 (-5-4a)x+3 3x+3
-5-4a=3 a=-2 ( )

014 198 a=-2

4x+(-5-4a)=4x+3 ( )
x=3-2'2 a=-2 4xÛ`+4ax=4xÛ`-8x ( )
1 1 3+2'2 a=-2
= = =3+2'2
x 3-2'2 (3-2'2)(3+2'2)
(-5-4a)x+a(-5-4a)=3x-6 ( )
1
x+ =(3-2'2)+(3+2'2)=6 a=-2 4aÛ`+5a+3=9 ( )
x

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 3 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 TIP
a=-2 4xÛ`-5x+3 A x-1
x-2 6x+5 -2
4x`+3 ` A=(x-1)(6x+5)-2
x-2<Ô4xÛ`-5x+3 =6xÛ`-x-7
4xÛ`-8x A 3x+1

3x+3 2x -1 ``
3x+1<Ô6xÛ`-x -7
3x-6
6xÛ`+2x
9 `
-3x-7
-3x-1
-6 ` `
A 3x+1
019 2x-1 -6
(2x-1)+(-6)=2x-7
3xÝ`-xÛ`+5x+1 xÛ`+x+1
3xÛ`-3x -1 `
xÛ`+x+1<Ô3xÝ` - xÛ`+5x+1 022
3xÝ`+3xÜ`+3xÛ`
P(x) 4x+6
-3xÜ`-4xÛ`+5x+1
Q(x) R
-3xÜ`-3xÛ`-3x
P(x)=(4x+6)Q(x)+R
- xÛ`+8x+1
3
- xÛ`- x-1 ={x+ }_4Q(x)+R
2
9x+2 ` 3
P(x) x+
Q(x)=3xÛ`-3x-1 R(x)=9x+2 2
Q(2)=3_2Û`-3_2-1=5 R(1)=9_1+2=11 4Q(x) R
Q(2)+R(1)=5+11=16

023
f(x) xÛ`+3x-1 Q(x)
020 9
2x-4
f(x) 4xÛ`+2x+1 f(x)=(xÛ`+3x-1)Q(x)+2x-4
2x-1 -x+3 x f(x)=x(xÛ`+3x-1)Q(x)+x(2x-4)
f(x)=(4xÛ`+2x+1)(2x-1)-x+3 =x(xÛ`+3x-1)Q(x)+2(xÛ`+3x-1)-10x+2
f(1)=(4_1Û`+2_1+1)(2_1-1)-1+3=9 =(xÛ`+3x-1){xQ(x)+2}-10x+2
R(x)=-10x+2 R(2)=-10_2+2=-18

f(x)=(2x-1)(4xÛ`+2x+1)-x+3
=(8xÜ`-1)-x+3 024 16 8
=8xÜ`-x+2
(2+1)(2Û`+1)(2Ý`+1)(2¡`+1)
=(2-1)(2+1)(2Û`+1)(2Ý`+1)(2¡`+1)
=(2Û`-1)(2Û`+1)(2Ý`+1)(2¡`+1)
=(2Ý`-1)(2Ý`+1)(2¡`+1)
021 2x-7
=(2¡`-1)(2¡`+1)
A x-1 =2Ú`ß`-1
6x+5 -2 n=16
A=(x-1)(6x+5)-2 9_11_101_10001
=6xÛ`-x-7 =(10-1)(10+1)(10Û`+1)(10Ý`+1)
=(3x+1)(2x-1)-6 =(10Û`-1)(10Û`+1)(10Ý`+1)
A 3x+1 =(10Ý`-1)(10Ý`+1)
2x-1 -6 =10¡`-1
(2x-1)+(-6)=2x-7 n=8

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 4 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 TIP 14 ACÓ=14
2-1=1 A
(a-b)(a+b)=aÛ`-bÛ`
14
x
(a-b)(a+b)=aÛ`-bÛ`

I
B y C

ABÓ=x BCÓ=y`(x>0 y>0)

ABC
025 ABÓ +BCÓ =ACÓ Û`
`
Û `
Û xÛ`+yÛ`=14Û` yy
(a+b+c)Û`=3ab+3bc+3ca 32
aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2(ab+bc+ca)=3ab+3bc+3ca ABÓ+BCÓ+ACÓ=32
aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca=0 x+y+14=32 x+y=18 yy
1 1 1 (x+y)Û`=xÛ`+yÛ`+2xy
(aÛ`-2ab+bÛ`)+ (bÛ`-2bc+cÛ`)+ (cÛ`-2ca+aÛ`)=0
2 2 2 18Û`=14Û`+2xy
1 1 1
{(a-b)Û`+(b-c)Û`+(c-a)Û`}=0 xy= (18Û`-14Û`)= (18+14)(18-14)
2 2 2
a=b=c 1
= _32_4=64
2
xy=64
1
( )= _ABÓ_BCÓ
026 2
1
= xy
2
(x+2)+(x-1)=2x+1 1
= _64=32
x+2 2
(x+2)+(x-3)=2x-1
( )
=(2x+1)(x+2)(2x-1)
=(4xÛ`-1)(x+2) 028 34

=4xÜ`+8xÛ`-x-2 FGÓ=a GHÓ=b HDÓ=c`(a>0 b>0 c>0)

A
D

4 B C c
A B C D E
H
x+2 x-1 b
x+2 F
a G

32
x+2 A D 4(a+b+c)=32 a+b+c=8 yy
DFÓ='3Œ0
x-3 B C "ÃaÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ` ='3Œ0 aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=30 yy
A (x+2)Ü` (a+b+c)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2(ab+bc+ca)
B (x+2)Û`(x-3) ( )=2(ab+bc+ca)
C (x+2)(x-1)(x-3) =(a+b+c)Û`-(aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`)
D (x+2)Û`(x-1) =8Û`-30=34
( )
=(x+2)Ü`+(x+2)Û`(x-3)+(x+2)(x-1)(x-3)
+(x+2)Û`(x-1)
=4xÜ`+8xÛ`-x-2 029
3A=3xÛ`+3xy+6yÛ` A=xÛ`+xy+2yÛ`
027 32
B=-xy+3yÛ`
A+3B=(xÛ`+xy+2yÛ`)+3(-xy+3yÛ`)
ABC AC =xÛ`-2xy+11yÛ`

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 5 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 030 24 033
(1+2x+3xÛ`+y+101xÚ`â`â`)Ü`
(3A-B)+(3B-C)+(3C-A) =(1+2x+3xÛ`+y+101xÚ`â`â`)_(1+2x+3xÛ`+y+101xÚ`â`â`)
=2(A+B+C) _(1+2x+3xÛ`+y+101xÚ`â`â`) yy
=(xÜ`+2x-1)+(3xÛ`+x+7)+(3xÜ`-xÛ`+5x) x yy TIP
=4xÜ`+2xÛ`+8x+6 (x )_( )_( )
A+B+C=2xÜ`+xÛ`+4x+3 +( )_(x )_( )
a=2 b=1 c=4 d=3 +( )_( )_(x )
abcd=2_1_4_3=24 2_1_1+1_2_1+1_1_2=6

x
(1+2x+3xÛ`+y+101xÚ`â`â`)Ü`
031 3xÛ` 4xÜ` y 101xÚ`â`â`
(1+2x)Ü` x
A(x) B(x) C(x)
(1+2x)Ü`=1+6x+12xÛ`+8xÜ` 6
B(x) f(x) C(x)
TIP
A(x) 2xÛ`+3x 4xÛ`+5x+2
(1+2x+3xÛ`+y+101xÚ`â`â`)Ü`
5xÛ`+6x+3
1+2x+3xÛ`+y+101xÚ`â`â` 3
x
A(x)+(2xÛ`+3x)+(4xÛ`+5x+2)=6xÛ`+9x (x ) ( ) ( ) 2x_1_1
A(x)=x-2 yy +( ) (x ) ( ) 1_2x_1
+( ) ( ) (x ) 1_1_2x
A(x)+B(x)+(5xÛ`+6x+3)=6xÛ`+9x 3
B(x)=xÛ`+2x-1`( ) yy 3_{(x ) ( ) ( )}
C(x)
(5xÛ`+6x+3)+(2xÛ`+3x)+C(x)=6xÛ`+9x {P(x)}Ü`
C(x)=-xÛ`-3 yy

B(x)+C(x)+ f(x)=6xÛ`+9x
f(x)=6xÛ`+7x+4`( ) 034
f(2)=6_2Û`+7_2+4=42 (3aÛ`+2a+1)Ü`(a-1) aÞ`

A(x) B(x) C(x) 60 % Ú (3aÛ`+2a+1)Ü` aÝ` a-1 a

f(x) 30 %
f(2) 10 % (3aÛ`+2a+1)Ü`=(3aÛ`+2a+1)(3aÛ`+2a+1)(3aÛ`+2a+1)
aÝ`
3_{(aÛ` ) (aÛ` ) ( )}
=3_(3_3_1)=27
3_{(aÛ` ) (a ) (a )}
032 =3_(3_2_2)=36
27+36=63 yy
(xÛ`-4)(xÛ`-2x+4)(xÛ`+2x+4)
a-1 a 1 yy
=(x+2)(x-2)(xÛ`-2x+4)(xÛ`+2x+4)
aÞ` 63_1=63
=(x+2)(xÛ`-2x+4)(x-2)(xÛ`+2x+4)
Û (3aÛ`+2a+1)Ü` aÞ` a-1
=(xÜ`+8)(xÜ`-8)=xß`-64

(3aÛ`+2a+1)Ü`=(3aÛ`+2a+1)(3aÛ`+2a+1)(3aÛ`+2a+1)
(xÛ`-4)(xÛ`-2x+4)(xÛ`+2x+4) aÞ`
=(xÛ`-4){(xÛ`+4)Û`-(2x)Û`} 3_{(aÛ` ) (aÛ` ) (a )}
=(xÛ`-4)(xÝ`+4xÛ`+16) =3_(3_3_2)=54 yy
=(xÛ`)Ü`-4Ü`=xß`-64 a-1 -1 yy

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 6 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 aÞ` 54_(-1)=-54
Ú Û
037
aÞ` 63+(-54)=9 x+y=1 xÜ`+yÜ`=4
(x+y)Ü`=xÜ`+yÜ`+3xy(x+y) 1Ü`=4+3xy_1
3xy=-3 xy=-1 yy
035 108 (x+y)Û`=xÛ`+yÛ`+2xy

I
1Û`=xÛ`+yÛ`+2_(-1) ( )
(xÜ`+2xÛ`+3y)Ü`+(xÜ`+2xÛ`-3y)Ü` xÛ`yÛ`
xÛ`+yÛ`=3 yy
(xÜ`+2xÛ`+3y)Ü` xÛ`yÛ` (xÜ`+2xÛ`-3y)Ü`
(xÛ`+yÛ`)Û`=xÝ`+yÝ`+2xÛ`yÛ`
xÛ`yÛ`
3Û`=xÝ`+yÝ`+2_(-1)Û` ( )
Ú (xÜ`+2xÛ`+3y)Ü` xÛ`yÛ`
xÝ`+yÝ`=7
3_{(xÛ` )_(y )_(y )}
=3_(2_3_3)=54
Û (xÜ`+2xÛ`-3y)Ü` xÛ`yÛ` 038 112
3_{(xÛ` )_(y )_(y )}
(aÜ`+bÜ`)(aÜ`-bÜ`)=aß`-bß`=(aÛ`)Ü`-(bÛ`)Ü`
=3_{2_(-3)_(-3)}=54
=(aÛ`-bÛ`)Ü`+3aÛ`bÛ`(aÛ`-bÛ`) yy
Ú Û
aÛ`=2'2+2 bÛ`=2'2-2
xÛ`yÛ` 54+54=108
aÛ`-bÛ`=(2'2+2)-(2'2-2)=4
aÛ`bÛ`=(2'2+2)(2'2-2)=4
xÜ`+2xÛ`=A 3y=B (aÜ`+bÜ`)(aÜ`-bÜ`)=4Ü`+3_4_4 ( )
(xÜ`+2xÛ`+3y)Ü`+(xÜ`+2xÛ`-3y)Ü` =112
=(A+B)Ü`+(A-B)Ü`
=(AÜ`+3AÛ`B+3ABÛ`+BÜ`)+(AÜ`-3AÛ`B+3ABÛ`-BÜ`)
=2AÜ`+6ABÛ` 039
=2(xÜ`+2xÛ`)Ü`+6(xÜ`+2xÛ`)(3y)Û` (x-a)(x+2b)(x+c)
xÛ`yÛ` 6(xÜ`+2xÛ`)(3y)Û` 6_2_3Û`=108 =xÜ`+(-a+2b+c)xÛ`+{(-a)_2b+2b_c+c_(-a)}x
+(-a)_2b_c
=xÜ`+(-a+2b+c)xÛ`+(-2ab+2bc-ca)x-2abc
036 48
xÛ` 5
(x+1)Ü`+(x-1)Û`=xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2 -a+2b+c=5 yy
{(x+1)Ü`+(x-1)Û`}Ý`=(xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2)Ý` x -3
x -2ab+2bc-ca=-3 yy
4_{(x ) ( ) ( ) ( )} yy TIP (-a+2b+c)Û`=aÛ`+4bÛ`+cÛ`+2(-2ab+2bc-ca)
=4_(1_2_2_2)=32 5Û`=aÛ`+4bÛ`+cÛ`+2_(-3) ( )
xÚ`Ú` aÛ`+4bÛ`+cÛ`=31
4_{(xÜ` ) (xÜ` ) (xÜ` ) (xÛ` )}
=4_(1_1_1_4)=16
32+16=48
040
aÝ`-'5aÛ`-1=0 aÛ`
TIP
1 1
aÛ`-'5- =0 aÛ`- ='5 yy
(xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2)Ý` xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2 4 aÛ` aÛ`
(xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2)Ý` 1 Û` 1
{aÛ`+ } ={aÛ`- }Û`+4=('5)Û`+4=9
=(xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2)(xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2)(xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2) aÛ` aÛ`
1
_(xÜ`+4xÛ`+x+2) aÛ`+ =3 ( aÛ`>0)
aÛ`
x
1 1
(x ) ( ) ( ) ( ) {a- }Û`=aÛ`+ -2=3-2=1
x_2_2_2 a aÛ`
+( ) (x ) ( ) ( ) 2_x_2_2 1
a- =1 ( a>1)
+( ) ( ) (x ) ( ) 2_2_x_2 a
1 1 1
+( ) ( ) ( ) (x ) 2_2_2_x aß`- ={aÛ`- }Ü`+3{aÛ`- }
aß` aÛ` aÛ`
=4_{(x ) ( ) ( ) ( )}
=('5)Ü`+3_'5=8'5 ( )
xÚ`Ú` 3 2 1
aß`+2aÛ`-3a+ + -
a aÛ` aß`

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 7 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 1 1 1
={aß`- }+2{aÛ`+ }-3{a- } 
aß` aÛ` a
xy+yz+zx 10 %
=8'5+2_3-3_1
xÜ`+yÜ`+zÜ` 40 %
=3+8'5
xÛ`yÛ`+yÛ`zÛ`+zÛ`xÛ` 10 %
xÝ`+yÝ`+zÝ` 40 %
041
x+y=1 xÛ`+yÛ`=3
xÛ`+yÛ`=(x+y)Û`-2xy 045 10
3=1Û`-2xy xy=-1
a-b=1+'3 b-c=-2'3
xÜ`+yÜ`=(x+y)Ü`-3xy(x+y)=1Ü`-3_(-1)_1=4
a-c=1-'3
xÝ`+yÝ`=(xÛ`+yÛ`)Û`-2xÛ`yÛ`=3Û`-2_(-1)Û`=7
aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca
(xÜ`+yÜ`)(xÝ`+yÝ`)=xà`+xÜ`yÝ`+xÝ`yÜ`+yà`
1
=xà`+yà`+xÜ`yÜ`(x+y) = {(a-b)Û`+(b-c)Û`+(c-a)Û`}
2
xà`+yà`=(xÜ`+yÜ`)(xÝ`+yÝ`)-xÜ`yÜ`(x+y) 1
= {(1+'3)Û`+(-2'3)Û`+(-1+'3)Û`}
=4_7-(-1)Ü`_1=29 2
=10

042 35

a-2b-c=2ab-2bc+ca=5 046
(a-2b-c)Û`=aÛ`+4bÛ`+cÛ`+2(-2ab+2bc-ca) xy+yz+zx=1 xyz=-6
aÛ`+4bÛ`+cÛ`=(a-2b-c)Û`-2(-2ab+2bc-ca) x+y+z=4
=5Û`-2_(-5)=35 x+y=4-z y+z=4-x z+x=4-y
(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)
043 =(4-z)(4-x)(4-y)
=4Ü`-4Û`(x+y+z)+4(xy+yz+zx)-xyz
0 x y z
=4Ü`-4Û`_4+4_1-(-6)
1 1 1 yz-zx-xy
- - =0 =0 =10
x y z xyz
-xy+yz-zx=0
xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`=4
(x-y-z)Û`=xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`+2(-xy+yz-zx)
047 12

=4+2_0=4 2xÜ`+3xÛ`-x+a xÛ`-x+b

10 10
(x-y-z) ={(x-y-z)Û`}Þ`=4Þ`=2 2x +5
xÛ`-x+b<Ô2xÜ`+3xÛ`- x+ a
044 2xÜ`-2xÛ`+ 2bx
5xÛ`-(1+2b)x+ a
x+y+z=4 xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`=10
5xÛ`- 5x+ 5b
xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`=(x+y+z)Û`-2(xy+yz+zx)
(4-2b)x+a-5b
10=4Û`-2(xy+yz+zx)
0 4-2b=0 a-5b=0
xy+yz+zx=3
a=10 b=2
xÜ`+yÜ`+zÜ`
a+b=10+2=12
=(x+y+z)(xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`-xy-yz-zx)+3xyz
=4_(10-3)+3_(-2) ( xyz=-2)
=22
(xy+yz+zx)Û` 2xÜ`+3xÛ`-x+a xÛ`-x+b
=(xy)Û`+(yz)Û`+(zx)Û`+2(xyÛ`z+yzÛ`x+zxÛ`y)
=xÛ`yÛ`+yÛ`zÛ`+zÛ`xÛ`+2xyz(x+y+z) 2xÜ`+3xÛ`-x+a=(xÛ`-x+b)(2x+k) (k )
xy+yz+zx=3 x
3Û`=xÛ`yÛ`+yÛ`zÛ`+zÛ`xÛ`+2_(-2)_4 xÛ` 3=k-2 k=5
xÛ`yÛ`+yÛ`zÛ`+zÛ`xÛ`=25 2xÜ`+3xÛ`-x+a=(xÛ`-x+b)(2x+5)
xÝ`+yÝ`+zÝ`=(xÛ`)Û`+(yÛ`)Û`+(zÛ`)Û` x -1=-5+2b b=2
=(xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`)Û`-2(xÛ`yÛ`+yÛ`zÛ`+zÛ`xÛ`) a=5b=10
=10Û`-2_25=50 a+b=10+2=12

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 8 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 f(x)=g(x)Q(x)+R(x)
048 2 f(x)=2g(x)Q(x)+2R(x)
f(x) x-1 g(x)
g(x) 2 g(x) xÛ`+x+1 2 f(x)-g(x)=2g(x)Q(x)+2R(x)-g(x)
h(x) x+1 =g(x){2Q(x)-1}+2R(x) yy TIP
f(x)=(x-1)g(x)+2 2 f(x)-g(x) g(x)

I
=(x-1){(xÛ`+x+1)h(x)+x+1}+2 2Q(x)-1 2R(x) ( )
=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)h(x)+(x-1)(x+1)+2
=(xÜ`-1)h(x)+xÛ`+1
TIP
xÛ`+1
R(x) (g(x) )>(R(x) )
2 f(x)-g(x) g(x)
049 2R(x)

f(x)=(3xÛ`+2x+5)(xÛ`-x+2)+2xÜ`-5xÛ`-6x-10
(3xÛ`+2x+5)(xÛ`-x+2) xÛ`-x+2
f(x) xÛ`-x+2 2xÜ`-5xÛ`-6x-10 xÛ`-x+2 051
1
f(x) x-
2xÜ`-5xÛ`-6x-10 xÛ`-x+2 6
Q(x) R
2x -3 1
f(x)={x- }Q(x)+R yy
6
xÛ`-x+2<Ô2xÜ`-5xÛ`- 6x-10
x
2xÜ`-2xÛ`+ 4x
1
-3xÛ`-10x-10 x f(x)=x{x- }Q(x)+Rx
6
-3xÛ`+ 3x-6
1 x R 1 R
-13x-4 ={3x- } Q(x)+ {3x- }+
2 3 3 2 6
2xÜ`-5xÛ`-6x-10=(xÛ`-x+2)(2x-3)-13x-4 1 x R R
={3x- }[ Q(x)+ ]+
2 3 3 6
f(x)
1
f(x)=(3xÛ`+2x+5)(xÛ`-x+2)+(xÛ`-x+2)(2x-3)-13x-4 x f(x) 3x-
2
=(xÛ`-x+2){(3xÛ`+2x+5)+(2x-3)}-13x-4
x R R
=(xÛ`-x+2)(3xÛ`+4x+2)-13x-4 Q(x)+
3 3 6
Q(x)=3xÛ`+4x+2 R(x)=-13x-4
Q(1)+R(2)=(3+4+2)+(-26-4)=-21
052
f(x) xÛ`-x+2 2xÜ`-5xÛ`-6x-10 P(x) 2x+1
30 %
xÛ`-x+2 Q(x) 5
Q(x) R(x) 50 % P(x)=(2x+1)Q(x)+5
Q(1)+R(2) 20 % 1
=2Q(x){x+ }+5
2
1 1
={2Q(x)-1}{x+ }+{x+ }+5
2 2
050 1
={2Q(x)-1}{x+ }+x+
11
2 2
f(x) g(x)
P(x) Q(x)
Q(x) R(x) f(x)=g(x)Q(x)+R(x)
P(x) 2Q(x)-1
f(x)=g(x)Q(x)+R(x)
1 11
f(x)-R(x)=g(x)Q(x) x+ x+
2 2
f(x)-R(x) Q(x) ( ) 1 11
{x+ }+{x+ }=2x+6
f(x)=xÜ`+xÛ` g(x)=xÛ`+2x 2 2
xÜ`+xÛ`=(xÛ`+2x)(x-1)+2x
Q(x)=x-1 R(x)=2x
f(x) Q(x) 053
xÜ`+xÛ`=(x-1)(xÛ`+2x+2)+2 xÛ`+2x+2 1 f(x) (x-2)Û`
2 ( )

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 9 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 10
f(x)=(x-2)Û`(x+a)+x+a`(a ) yy =4{('3+1)('3-1)}
10
=4{('3)Û`-1Û`}
10 12
f(2)=3 =4_2 =2
2+a=3 a=1
f(x)=(x-2)Û`(x+1)+x+1
=(x-2)Û`(x-2+3)+x+1 057 11 99
=(x-2)Ü`+3(x-2)Û`+x+1
xÝ`+xÜ`-9xÛ`-4x+13 xÛ`+3x-1
=(x-2)Ü`+3xÛ`-11x+13
3xÛ`-11x+13
xÛ`-2x`-2
xÛ`+3x-1<ÔxÝ`+ xÜ`-9xÛ`-4x+13
054 xÝ`+3xÜ`- xÛ`
-2xÜ`-8xÛ`-4x+13
f(x)+g(x) xÛ`-3x+7 QÁ(x)
-2xÜ`-6xÛ`+2x
f(x)-2g(x) (x-1)(xÛ`-3x+7)
-2xÛ`-6x+13
Qª(x)
-2xÛ`-6x+ 2
f(x)+g(x)=(xÛ`-3x+7)QÁ(x)+2 yy
11
f(x)-2g(x)=(x-1)(xÛ`-3x+7)Qª(x)+xÛ`+6x-9 yy
xÝ`+xÜ`-9xÛ`-4x+13=(xÛ`+3x-1)(xÛ`-2x-2)+11
2_ +
xÛ`+3x-1=0
3 f(x)=2_{(xÛ`-3x+7)QÁ(x)+2}
xÝ`+xÜ`-9xÛ`-4x+13=11
+{(x-1)(xÛ`-3x+7)Qª(x)+xÛ`+6x-9}
(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)
=2(xÛ`-3x+7)QÁ(x)+4+(x-1)(xÛ`-3x+7)Qª(x)
=(x+2)(x+5)(x+3)(x+4)
+(xÛ`-3x+7)+9x-16
=(xÛ`+7x+10)(xÛ`+7x+12)
=(xÛ`-3x+7){2QÁ(x)+(x-1)Qª(x)+1}+9x-12
={(xÛ`+7x+1)+9}{(xÛ`+7x+1)+11}
1
f(x)= (xÛ`-3x+7){2QÁ(x)+(x-1)Qª(x)+1}+3x-4 xÛ`+7x+1=0
3
3x-4 (x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)=99

055 36
058
a=9996=10Ý`-4 x='7-3 x+3='7
aÛ`=(10Ý`-4)Û` (x+3)Û`=7
=10¡`-8_10Ý`+16 xÛ`+6x+2=0 yy
=100000000-80000+16 xÞ`-34xÜ`-13xÛ`-5x+1 xÛ`+6x+2
=99920016
aÛ` xÜ`-6xÛ`- 1
9+9+9+2+0+0+1+6=36 xÛ`+6x+2<ÔxÞ` -34xÜ`-13xÛ`-5x+1
xÞ`+6xÝ`+ 2xÜ`
-6xÝ`-36xÜ`-13xÛ`-5x+1
056 -6xÝ`-36xÜ`-12xÛ`
10 10 10 10
('3+1) +('3-1) =X ('3+1) -('3-1) =Y - xÛ`-5x+1
10 10
X+Y=2('3+1) X-Y=2('3-1) - xÛ`-6x-2
10 10 10 10
{('3+1) +('3-1) }Û`-{('3+1) -('3-1) }Û` x+3
=XÛ`-YÛ`=(X+Y)(X-Y) xÞ`-34xÜ`-13xÛ`-5x+1
10 10
=2('3+1) _2('3-1) =(xÛ`+6x+2)(xÜ`-6xÛ`-1)+x+3
10
=4{('3+1)('3-1)} =0+('7-3)+3 ( )
10
=4{('3)Û`-1Û`} ='7
10 12
=4_2 =2

10
10
('3+1) =A ('3-1) =B
10 10 10
10
059
{('3+1) +('3-1) }Û`-{('3+1) -('3-1) }Û`
CHÓ=1 BHÓ=x
=(A+B)Û`-(A-B)Û`=4AB
4 8
10
=4('3+1) ('3-1)
10 ABC ABÓ=
3 3

10

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 10 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 AHC CHB 4-'7
=0+9_ +4 ( )
AHÓ`:`CHÓ=CHÓ`:`BHÓ 3
8 8 =16-3'7
{ -x}` `1=1` `x x{ -x}=1 3xÛ`-8x+3=0
3 3
4-'7
0<x<1 x=
3
060

I
3xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x+7 3xÛ`-8x+3

ABÓ=a BCÓ=b`(a>0 b>0)

x`+1 ABCD 1500
3xÛ`-8x+3<Ô3xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x+7 ab=1500 yy
3xÜ`-8xÛ`+3x r
3xÛ`+ x+7 850p
3xÛ`-8x+3 prÛ`=850p rÛ`=850 yy
9x+4 ABC
3xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x+7=(3xÛ`-8x+3)(x+1)+9x+4 aÛ`+bÛ`=(2r)Û` aÛ`+bÛ`=4rÛ`
4-'7 aÛ`+bÛ`=3400 ( )
=0+9_ +4
3 (a-b)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`-2ab
=16-3'7 (a-b)Û`=3400-2_1500=400 ( )
|ABÓ-BCÓ|=|a-b|='¶400=20

4
CHÓ=1 ABC
3

ABÓ=
8 061
3
OCDE
AB M M
CEÓ=ODÓ=3'3
ABC
OCÓ=x OEÓ=y (x>0 y>0)
1 4
AMÓ=BMÓ=CMÓ= _ABÓ= OCE OCÓ Û`+OEÓ Û`=CEÓ Û`
2 3
BHÓ=x (x<1) H BM xÛ`+yÛ`=27 yy
C OCDE 11
OCÓ_OEÓ=11 xy=11 yy

A B (x+y)Û`=xÛ`+yÛ`+2xy
M H
=27+2_11=49
MHC
x+y=7 ( x>0 y>0)
4
CMÓ Û`=MHÓ Û`+CHÓ Û` { }Û`=MHÓ Û`+1Û` A`Ú`C`Ú`E`Ú`B
3
16 7 '7 ACÓ+CEÓ+EBÓ=(3'3-x)+3'3+(3'3-y)
MHÓ Û`= -1= MHÓ=
9 9 3 =9'3-(x+y)
4 '7 =9'3-7
BHÓ=BMÓ-MHÓ x= -
3 3
3x=4-'7 4-3x='7
(4-3x)Û`=7
9xÛ`-24x+9=0 062
3xÛ`-8x+3=0 yy
ABÓ=a BCÓ=b BFÓ=c (a>0 b>0 c>0)
3xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x+7 3xÛ`-8x+3
60
4(a+b+c)=60 a+b+c=15 yy
x`+1
3xÛ`-8x+3<Ô3xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x+7 DBÓ Û`=BCÓ Û`+CDÓ Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`
3xÜ`-8xÛ`+3x BGÓ Û`=BCÓ Û`+CGÓ Û`=bÛ`+cÛ`
3xÛ`+ x+7 GDÓ Û`=CGÓ Û`+CDÓ Û`=cÛ`+aÛ`
3xÛ`-8x+3 C-BGD
9x+4 DBÓ Û`+BGÓ Û`+GDÓ Û`+CDÓ Û`+BCÓ Û`+CGÓ Û`=249
3xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x+7=(3xÛ`-8x+3)(x+1)+9x+4 (aÛ`+bÛ`)+(bÛ`+cÛ`)+(cÛ`+aÛ`)+aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=249

11

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 11 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 3(aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`)=249 =(x-2)Ü`{(x-2)(xÛ`+2x+4)}Ü`
aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=83 yy =(x-2)Ü`(xÜ`-8)Ü`
(a+b+c)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2(ab+bc+ca) m=3 n=8
15Û`=83+2(ab+bc+ca) (x-2)Ü`(xÜ`-8)Ü`
ab+bc+ca=71 =(xÜ`-6xÛ`+12x-8)(xá`-24xß`+192xÜ`-512)
ABCD-EFGH x3m xá`
2(ab+bc+ca)=142 (xÜ` )_(xß` )+( )_(xá` )
1_(-24)+(-8)_1=-32
xn x¡` (xÛ` )_(xß` )
063 (-6)_(-24)=144
-32+144=112
AQÓ=a ARÓ=b`(a>0 b>0) AQPR
4'2 aÛ`+bÛ`=32 yy
P BC S
O
066 135

R (x-3)(y-3)(2z-3)=0
A D
P
Q (x-3)(y-3)(2z-3)
4
=(xy-3x-3y+9)(2z-3)
S =2xyz-3xy-6xz+9x-6yz+9y+18z-27
B C
O
8 =2xyz-3(xy+2yz+2zx)+9(x+y+2z)-27
OSP =2xyz-3_3(x+y+2z)+9(x+y+2z)-27 ( )
OPÓ=4 PSÓ=RSÓ-PRÓ=ABÓ-AQÓ=4-a =2xyz-27=0
OSÓ=BSÓ-BOÓ=ARÓ-BOÓ=b-4 27
2xyz=27 xyz=
2

OPÓ Û`=PSÓ Û`+OSÓ Û` 27

10xyz=10_ =135
2
4Û`=(4-a)Û`+(b-4)Û`
16=(aÛ`-8a+16)+(bÛ`-8b+16)
aÛ`+bÛ`-8(a+b)+16=0 x y 2z 3
32-8(a+b)+16=0`( ) x=3
a+b=6 yy 3(x+y+2z)=xy+2yz+2zx
AQPR ab 9
3(3+y+2z)=3y+2yz+6z 9=2yz yz=
2
(a+b)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+2ab
9
6Û`=32+2ab ( ) 10xyz=10_3_ =135
2
ab=2

067 36
064
fÁ(x)=xÜ`+xÛ`+1 xÛ`+4yÛ`+zÛ`-2xy+2yz+zx=0
1
{(x-2y)Û`+(2y+z)Û`+(z+x)Û`}=0
fª(x)= fÁ(x+1)=(x+1)Ü`+(x+1)Û`+1 2
f£(x)= fª(x+2)=(x+1+2)Ü`+(x+1+2)Û`+1 x=2y=-z
f¢(x)= f£(x+3)=(x+1+2+3)Ü`+(x+1+2+3)Û`+1 x=2y=-z=4
f°(x)= f¢(x+4)=(x+1+2+3+4)Ü`+(x+1+2+3+4)Û`+1 x=4 y=2 z=-4
=(x+10)Ü`+(x+10)Û`+1 xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`=4Û`+2Û`+(-4)Û`=36
f°(x) xÛ` 3_1Û`_10+1=31

068 -4

065 112
x+y+z=1
{(x-2)Ý`+6(x-2)Ü`+12(x-2)Û`}Ü` (x+y+z)Û`=xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`+2(xy+yz+zx)
=[(x-2)Û`{(x-2)Û`+6(x-2)+12}]Ü` 1=xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`+2(xy+yz+zx)
=(x-2)ß`{(x-2)Û`+6(x-2)+12}Ü` xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`=1-2(xy+yz+zx) yy
=(x-2)ß`(xÛ`+2x+4)Ü` xÜ`+yÜ`+zÜ`=13

12

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 12 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 xÜ`+yÜ`+zÜ`=(x+y+z)(xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`-xy-yz-zx)+3xyz 2 f(x)+3g(x)=h(x)QÁ(x)+5xÛ` yy
13=1_{1-3(xy+yz+zx)}+3xyz ( ) 4 f(x)+3g(x) h(x) Qª(x)
xy+yz+zx-xyz=-4 3xÛ`
xy(x+y)+yz(y+z)+zx(z+x)+2xyz 4 f(x)+3g(x)=h(x)Qª(x)+3xÛ` yy
=xy(1-z)+yz(1-x)+zx(1-y)+2xyz ( x+y+z=1) 3_ -5_
=xy+yz+zx-xyz=-4 3{2 f(x)+3g(x)}-5{4 f(x)+3g(x)}=h(x){3QÁ(x)-5Qª(x)}

I
-14 f(x)-6g(x)=h(x){3QÁ(x)-5Qª(x)} yy
-14 f(x)-6g(x) h(x)
069 18 m f(x)+ng(x) m n 30
1
-
2
1 1 1 1
{a+ }+{b+ }=6 a+b+ + =6 1
b a a b 7 f(x)+3g(x)=h(x)_ {5Qª(x)-3QÁ(x)}
2
a+b
a+b+ =6 yy m+n m=7 n=3 7+3=10
ab
-2
28 f(x)+12g(x)=h(x)_{10Qª(x)-6QÁ(x)}
1 1 1
{a+ }{b+ }=4 ab+1+1+ =4 m+n m=28 n=12 28+12=40
b a ab
1 m+n 10+40=50
ab+ =2 yy
ab
ab=t t
tÛ`-2t+1=0 (t-1)Û`=0 t=1 ab=1
a+b=3 072 11

aÜ`+bÜ`=(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)
=3Ü`-3_1_3=18 f(x)=g(x){g(x)+xÜ`}+g(x)+xÜ` yy
f(x) g(x) g(x)
g(x)+xÜ` g(x)
070 g(x) -xÜ`

f(x) xÛ`+1 Q(x) g(x) g(x)+xÜ`

x+2 g(x)+xÜ`

f(x)=(xÛ`+1)Q(x)+x+2 g(x)+xÜ`=ax+b (a b a+0)

A=xÛ`+1 B=x+2 g(x)=-xÜ`+ax+b yy

{ f(x)}Ü`={A_Q(x)+B}Ü`
=AÜ`{Q(x)}Ü`+3AÛ`B{Q(x)}Û`+3ABÛ`Q(x)+BÜ` f(x)=(-xÜ`+ax+b)(ax+b)+ax+b

=A[AÛ`{Q(x)}Ü`+3AB{Q(x)}Û`+3BÛ`Q(x)]+BÜ` f(x) 2 a=-2

{ f(x)}Ü` xÛ`+1 BÜ`=(x+2)Ü` xÛ`+1 f(x)=(-xÜ`-2x+b)(-2x+b)-2x+b yy

f(0)+g(0)=-1

BÜ`=(x+2)Ü`=xÜ`+6xÛ`+12x+8 f(0)+g(0)=(bÛ`+b)+b=bÛ`+2b=-1

xÜ`+6xÛ`+12x+8 xÛ`+1 bÛ`+2b+1=0 (b+1)Û`=0 b=-1

g(x)=-xÜ`-2x-1
x`+6
g(-2)=-(-2)Ü`-2_(-2)-1=11
xÛ`+1<ÔxÜ`+6xÛ`+12x+8
xÜ` + x
6xÛ`+11x+8
6xÛ` +6 073 21
11x+2
f(x)=(xÛ`+x+1)Ü`
BÜ`=(xÛ`+1)(x+6)+11x+2
={(xÛ`+2)+(x-1)}Ü`
{ f(x)}Ü` xÛ`+1 R(x)=11x+2
=(xÛ`+2)Ü`+3(xÛ`+2)Û`(x-1)+3(xÛ`+2)(x-1)Û`+(x-1)Ü`
R(2)=11_2+2=24
=(xÛ`+2){(xÛ`+2)Û`+3(xÛ`+2)(x-1)+3(x-1)Û`}+(x-1)Ü`
yy
f(x) g(x) (x-1)Ü` xÛ`+2
071 50

2 f(x)+3g(x) h(x) QÁ(x) (x-1)Ü`=xÜ`-3xÛ`+3x-1 xÜ`-3xÛ`+3x-1 xÛ`+2

5xÛ`

13

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 13 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 x -3 PIH r
xÛ`+2<ÔxÜ`-3xÛ`+3x-1 p p 1
prÛ`= r=
xÜ` +2x 4 4 2
PIH yy TIP
-3xÛ`+ x-1
-3xÛ` -6 1 1 1 1
xy= _ _(x+y+5) xy= _(x+y+5)
2 2 2 2
x+5
x+y=2xy-5 yy
(x+y)Û`=xÛ`+yÛ`+2xy
xÜ`-3xÛ`+3x-1=(xÛ`+2)(x-3)+x+5 (2xy-5)Û`=25+2xy
f(x)=(xÛ`+2){(xÛ`+2)Û`+3(xÛ`+2)(x-1)+3(x-1)Û`} 4(xy)Û`-20xy+25=25+2xy
+(xÛ`+2)(x-3)+x+5 4(xy)Û`-22xy=0 xy(2xy-11)=0
=(xÛ`+2){(xÛ`+2)Û`+3(xÛ`+2)(x-1)+3(x-1)Û`+(x-3)} 11
xy+0 2xy-11=0 xy=
+x+5 2
RÁ(x)=x+5
x f(x) 11
x+y=2_ -5=6
=x(xÛ`+2){(xÛ`+2)Û`+3(xÛ`+2)(x-1)+3(x-1)Û`+(x-3)} 2
+x(x+5) PHÓ Ü`+PIÓ `=xÜ
Ü `+yÜ`
=x(xÛ`+2){(xÛ`+2)Û`+3(xÛ`+2)(x-1)+3(x-1)Û`+(x-3)} =(x+y)Ü`-3xy(x+y)
+(xÛ`+2)+5x-2 11
=6Ü`-3_ _6
2
Rª(x)=5x-2
=117
RÁ(2)_Rª(1)=(2+5)_(5-2)
=21 TIP

ABC r
A
074
c b
I
f(x)=(x+2)QÁ(x)+rÁ QÁ(x)=(x+2)Qª(x)+rª
r
f(x)=(x+2){(x+2)Qª(x)+rª}+rÁ B C
a
=(x+2)Û`Qª(x)+rª(x+2)+rÁ
f(x) (x+2)Û` 1
( ABC )= r(a+b+c)
2
rª(x+2)+rÁ

f(x)=(x+2)Û`{(x+2)Q£(x)+r£}+rª(x+2)+rÁ
=(x+2)Ü`Q£(x)+r£(x+2)Û`+rª(x+2)+rÁ
f(x) (x+2)Ü` 076 15

r£(x+2)Û`+rª(x+2)+rÁ yy
ALÁÓ=a LÁLªÓ=b LªBÓ=c
f(x) (x+2)Ý`
ABÓ=4 a+b+c=4 yy
ALÁÓ_LªBÓ=1 ac=1 yy
R(x)=r¢(x+2)Ü`+r£(x+2)Û`+rª(x+2)+rÁ
LÁMÁ MªNª P
ABC NÁMÁC PMªMÁ LªBMª
R(8)=1000r¢+100r£+10rª+rÁ=1024
4` `a` `b` `c 16` `aÛ`` `bÛ`` `cÛ`
r¢=1 r£=0 rª=2 rÁ=4 A
f(x) (x+2)Ü` a
0_(x+2)Û`+2_(x+2)+4=2x+8 ( ) L¡
b
L™ N™

c P N¡

075 117
B C
M™ M¡
HPI=90ù HIÓ=OPÓ OPÓ
HIÓ=5 NÁMÁC PMªMÁ LªBMª

PHÓ=x PIÓ=y (x>0 y>0) PIH 1

ABC
2
aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ` 1
xÛ`+yÛ`=25 yy = aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=8 yy
16 2

14

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 14 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 (a+b+c)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2(ab+bc+ca)=16 02
8+2(ab+bc+1)=16 ab+bc+1=4
b(a+c)=3 b(4-b)=3 ( ) 078
bÛ`-4b+3=0 (b-1)(b-3)=0

I
axÛ`-3x+5=xÛ`+(1-b)x+c x
b=1 ( a+c=4-b¾2)
15LÁLªÓ=15_b=15_1=15
a=1 -3=1-b b=4 5=c
a+b+c=1+4+5=10

077 148
axÛ`-3x+5=xÛ`+(1-b)x+c x
ABÓ=x ADÓ=y AEÓ=z x
lÁ=3x+3y+3z+ACÓ+CFÓ+FAÓ
lª=x+y+z+ACÓ+CFÓ+FAÓ x=0 5=c
lÁ-lª=2x+2y+2z=28 x=1 a+2=2-b+c a+b=5 yy
x+y+z=14 x=-1 a+8=b+c a-b=-3 yy
1 1 1 a=1 b=4
SÁ=xy+yz+zx+ xy+ yz+ zx+( AFC )
2 2 2 a+b+c=1+4+5=10
1 1 1
Sª= xy+ yz+ zx+( AFC )
2 2 2
SÁ-Sª=xy+yz+zx=61
ACÓ Û`+CFÓ Û`+FAÓ Û`=(xÛ`+yÛ`)+(yÛ`+zÛ`)+(zÛ`+xÛ`) 079 36

=2(xÛ`+yÛ`+zÛ`) x
=2{(x+y+z)Û`-2(xy+yz+zx)} 3xÛ`-4x+7=a(x-1)Û`+b(x-1)+c
=2_(14Û`-2_61)=148 =a(xÛ`-2x+1)+b(x-1)+c
=axÛ`+(-2a+b)x+a-b+c
x
3=a -4=-2a+b 7=a-b+c
a=3 b=2 c=6
abc=3_2_6=36

x x

x=1 6=c yy
x=0 7=a-b+c yy
x=2 11=a+b+c yy
a-b=1 a+b=5

a=3 b=2
abc=3_2_6=36

080 3

x x

x=-1 a-2=0 a=2

x=1 a-8=2(b-4) b=1
a+b=2+1=3

15

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 15 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 x=1
x a¼+aÁ+aª+a£+a¢+a°+a¤=(1+2-4)Ü`=-1
xÜ`+axÛ`-4x-5=(x+1)(xÛ`+bx-5) a¼-aÁ+aª-a£+a¢-a°+a¤
=xÜ`+(b+1)xÛ`+(b-5)x-5 x=-1
x x=-1
a=b+1 -4=b-5 b=1 a=2 a¼-aÁ+aª-a£+a¢-a°+a¤=(1-2-4)Ü`=-125
a+b=2+1=3

086 5 -6
081 f(x)=xÜ`-3xÛ`+5x+2 f(x) x-1
x x
f(1)=1Ü`-3_1Û`+5_1+2=5
f(x)=8xÜ`+4x-3 f(x) 2x+1
x=0 4=-2a a=-2 Q(x) R
x=2 6=6b b=1 1
f(x)=(2x+1)Q(x)+R=2{x+ }Q(x)+R
x=-1 6=3c c=2 2
a+2b+3c=-2+2_1+3_2=6 1
x x=-
2
1 1 1
R= f{- }=8_{- }Ü`+4_{- }-3=-6
082 2 2 2

2kx+(k-2)y-(k+2)=0 k
k
(2x+y-1)k-2y-2=0
087
f(x)=x12+axÞ`-3
2x+y-1=0 -2y-2=0 y=-1 x=1 f(x) x+1 6
x-y=1-(-1)=2
12
f(-1)=(-1) +a_(-1)Þ`-3
=-a-2=6
083 13
a=-8
a(x+y)+b(2x-3y)+8x-7y=0
x y x y
(a+2b+8)x+(a-3b-7)y=0 088
f(x)=xÛ`+ax-4 g(x)=xÛ`-x+a
a+2b+8=0 yy
f(x) g(x) x+2
a-3b-7=0 yy
a=-2 b=-3
f(-2)=(-2)Û`+a_(-2)-4=-2a
aÛ`+bÛ`=(-2)Û`+(-3)Û`=13
g(-2)=(-2)Û`-(-2)+a=a+6
-2a=a+6
084 34 a=-2

3xÜ`+axÛ`-22x+b xÛ`+2x-5
3x-4 x-3
3xÜ`+axÛ`-22x+b=(xÛ`+2x-5)(3x-4)+x-3 089
=3xÜ`+2xÛ`-22x+17 P(x) (x+3)(x-1) Q(x)
x 3x+5
a=2 b=17 P(x)=(x+3)(x-1)Q(x)+3x+5 yy
ab=2_17=34 (x+2)P(x-4) x-1

(1+2)P(1-4)=3P(-3)
085 -1 -125
P(-3)=3_(-3)+5=-4
a¼+aÁ+aª+a£+a¢+a°+a¤
x=1 3P(-3)=3_(-4)=-12

16

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 16 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 Q(x) x-3 2
090 Q(3)=2
f(x) x+2 4 f(x) x-3
f(-2)=4 yy f(3)=2Q(3)-3=1
f(x) x-3 -6
f(3)=-6 yy

I
f(x) (x+2)(x-3) 094
Q(x) ax+b (a b ) f(x) xÛ`+2 Q(x)
f(x)=(x+2)(x-3)Q(x)+ax+b 3x+5
f(x)=(xÛ`+2)Q(x)+3x+5 yy
f(-2)=-2a+b=4 f(3)=3a+b=-6 f(x) xÛ`-2x-3 QÁ(x)
a=-2 b=0 x-3
-2x f(x)=(x+1)(x-3)QÁ(x)+x-3 yy
Q(x) x+1

091 Q(-1)
x=-1 f(-1)=3Q(-1)+2
3 f(x)-g(x) x+2 x=-1 f(-1)=-4
3 f(-2)-g(-2) 3Q(-1)+2=-4
f(x) (x-2)(x+2) QÁ(x) Q(-1)=-2
2
f(x)=(x-2)(x+2)QÁ(x)+2 yy
g(x) x(x+2) Qª(x) 095
x-5
x=50
g(x)=x(x+2)Qª(x)+x-5 yy
98_99_103=(2x-2)(2x-1)(2x+ 3 )
x=-2
f(-2)=2 g(-2)=-7
3 f(-2)-g(-2)=3_2-(-7)=13 f(x)=(2x-2)(2x-1)(2x+ 3 )
f(x) x+2

092 11
f(-2)=(-4-2)_(-4-1)_(-4+3)= -30
f(x) xÛ`-3x+2 QÁ(x) f(x)=(x+2)Q(x)+ -30 ( Q(x) )
5 x=50
f(x)=(x-1)(x-2)QÁ(x)+5 yy
98_99_103=52Q(50)+ -30
f(x) xÛ`+3x+2 Qª(x)
2x+3
=52{Q(50)-1}+ 22 yy TIP
f(x)=(x+2)(x+1)Qª(x)+2x+3 yy 98_99_103 52 22
f(x) xÛ`+x-2 Q(x) a=3 b=-30 c=22
R(x)=ax+b (a b ) a-b+c=3-(-30)+22=55
f(x)=(x+2)(x-1)Q(x)+ax+b TIP
x=-2 x=1 a b r
f(-2)=-2a+b f(1)=a+b r 0Ér<b
f(1)=5 f(-2)=-1
a+b=5 -2a+b=-1 0Ér<b
a=2 b=3
R(x)=2x+3
R(4)=2_4+3=11
096
f(x) x+2
093 f(-2)=0
f(x) x-1 Q(x) f(x)=xÜ`+3xÛ`+ax-2
-3 f(-2)=(-2)Ü`+3_(-2)Û`+a_(-2)-2=0
f(x)=(x-1)Q(x)-3 yy a=1

17

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 17 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 097
1
f(6x+1) 3{x- } xÛ`- x +2 ``
3
1 x-3<ÔxÜ`-4xÛ`+5x-1
f{6_ +1}= f(3)=0
3 xÜ`-3xÛ`
f(x)=xÜ`+axÛ`-2x+6 - xÛ`+5x-1
f(3)=9a+27=0 a=-3 - xÛ`+3x
f(x)=xÜ`-3xÛ`-2x+6 2x-1
f(1)=1Ü`-3_1Û`-2_1+6=2 2x-6
5 ``
xÜ`-4xÛ`+5x-1 x-3
098 13
Q(x)=xÛ`-x+2 r=5
P(x) (x-1)(x-2) Q(r)=Q(5)=5Û`-5+2=22
P(x) x-1 x-2 yy TIP
P(x)=xÜ`+axÛ`+bx-4
P(1)=a+b-3=0 a+b=3 101
P(2)=4a+2b+4=0 2a+b=-2 xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+c x+2
a=-5 b=8
b-a=8-(-5)=13 -2 1 a b c
-2 -10 4
TIP
1 5 -2 -1
P(x) (x-1)(x-2)
Q(x) P(x)=(x-1)(x-2)Q(x) a+(-2)=5 a=7
P(x) x-1 x-2 b+(-10)=-2 b=8
c+4=-1 c=-5
a+b+c=7+8+(-5)=10

099
xÜ`+7xÛ`+8x-5 x+2
P(x+2) x-4 15
xÛ`+5x-2 -1

P(4+2)=P(6)=15 yy
P(x+2) x+1
P(-1+2)=P(1)=0 yy
102
P(x) (x-1)(x-6) Q(x) 2
3xÜ`+4xÛ`-13x+8 x-
R(x)=ax+b (a b ) 3

P(x)=(x-1)(x-6)Q(x)+ax+b
P(1)=0 P(6)=15 x=1 x=6 ;3@; 3 4 -13 8
2 4 -6
a+b=0 6a+b=15
3 6 -9 2
a=3 b=-3 R(x)=3x-3
2
R(5)=3_5-3=12 3xÜ`+4xÛ`-13x+8={x- }(3xÛ`+6x-9)+2
3
=(3x-2)(xÛ`+2x-3)+2
a=6 b=-9 c=-2 d=2 e=-3
100 a+b+c+d+e=-6
xÜ`-4xÛ`+5x-1 x-3

3 1 -4 5 -1 103
3 -3 6
1 -1 2 5 f(x) x-2 Q(x)
xÜ`-4xÛ`+5x-1 x-3 Q(x) x+1 2x-3
Q(x)=xÛ`-x+2 r=5 1 Q(x)=(x+1)(2x-3)+1
Q(r)=Q(5)=5Û`-5+2=22 f(x) x-2 3

18

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 18 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 f(x)=(x-2)Q(x)+3 y
=(x-2){(x+1)(2x-3)+1}+3 -a+2b=0 a+b=9
f(1)=-1_{2_(-1)+1}+3=4 a=6 b=3
ab=6_3=18

I
2 2 -5 0 7 x-y=1 9x-9y=9
4 -2 -4 (a+b)x+(b-2a)y=9
-1 2 -1 -2 3 (a+b)x+(b-2a)y=9x-9y
-2 3 x y
2 -3 1 a+b=9 b-2a=-9
a=6 b=3
f(x)=2xÜ`-5xÛ`+7
ab=6_3=18
f(1)=2_1Ü`-5_1Û`+7=4

x-y=1 x y
104 (a+b)x+(b-2a)y=9
x¡`+axÜ`+b=x(x-1) f(x)-2x+5 yy
x yy TIP (a+b)x+(b-2a)y=9
x=0 b=5 x=1 y=0 a+b=9 yy
x=1 1+a+b=3 a=-3 x=0 y=-1 2a-b=9 yy
a=6 b=3
x¡`-3xÜ`+5=x(x-1) f(x)-2x+5 ab=6_3=18
x=-1
1+3+5=2 f(-1)+7
f(-1)=1
107
2x-6y+a
TIP =k (k )
bx+3y+5
f(x) 2x-6y+a=k(bx+3y+5)
f(x) x(x-1) 0 x x y
x=0 x=1 2=bk -6=3k a=5k
k=-2 a=-10 b=-1
a+b=-10+(-1)=-11
105
(x+y)a-(y-z)b-(y+z)c-3x+z=0
x y z x y z
108
(a-3)x+(a-b-c)y+(b-c+1)z=0 f(x)=xÜ`-2xÛ`+5
f(a-2x)=(a-2x)Ü`-2(a-2x)Û`+5
a-3=0 yy =(aÜ`-6aÛ`x+12axÛ`-8xÜ`)-2(aÛ`-4ax+4xÛ`)+5
a-b-c=0 yy =-8xÜ`+(12a-8)xÛ`+(-6aÛ`+8a)x+aÜ`-2aÛ`+5
b-c+1=0 yy =-8xÜ`+4xÛ`+bx+c
a=3 x
b+c=3 12a-8=4 -6aÛ`+8a=b aÜ`-2aÛ`+5=c
a=1 b=2 c=4
b=1 c=2 a-b+c=1-2+4=3
abc=3_1_2=6

109 90

106 3xÛ`-4x-1=ab(x-2)+(a-b)(x-1)Û`
x-y=1 x=y+1 x
(a+b)x+(b-2a)y=9 x=2
(a+b)(y+1)+(b-2a)y=9 3_2Û`-4_2-1=a-b
(-a+2b)y+a+b=9 a-b=3 yy

19

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 19 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 x=1 P(2)+Q(2)=3_2-1=5 yy
3_1Û`-4_1-1=ab_(-1) {P(x)}Û`-{Q(x)}Û`=3xÛ`-16x+5
ab=2 yy x x=2
aÝ`b-abÝ`=ab(aÜ`-bÜ`)=ab{(a-b)Ü`+3ab(a-b)} {P(2)}Û`-{Q(2)}Û`=3_2Û`-16_2+5=-15 yy
=2(3Ü`+3_2_3) ( ) {P(2)}Û`-{Q(2)}Û`={P(2)+Q(2)}{P(2)-Q(2)}
=90 -15=5_{P(2)-Q(2)} ( )
P(2)-Q(2)=-3

110 22

f(x) 2xÜ`-6xÛ`+5x Q(x)

{P(x)}Û`-{Q(x)}Û`=3xÛ`-16x+5
-2xÛ`+ax+7
=(3x-1)(x-5) yy
f(x)=(2xÜ`-6xÛ`+5x)Q(x)-2xÛ`+ax+7
5
=2x{xÛ`-3x+ }Q(x)-2xÛ`+ax+7 {P(x)}Û`-{Q(x)}Û`={P(x)+Q(x)}{P(x)-Q(x)}
2
5 P(x)+Q(x)=3x-1
f(x) xÛ`-3x+
2 {P(x)}Û`-{Q(x)}Û`=(3x-1){P(x)-Q(x)}
5
4x+b -2xÛ`+ax+7 xÛ`-3x+
2
(3x-1){P(x)-Q(x)}=(3x-1)(x-5)
4x+b
x
5
-2xÛ`+ax+7=-2{xÛ`-3x+ }+4x+b P(x)-Q(x)=x-5
2
-2xÛ`+ax+7=-2xÛ`+10x+b-5 P(2)-Q(2)=2-5=-3
x
a=10 7=b-5 b=12 113 21
a+b=10+12=22
PÁ(x)=x
Pª(x)=x(x-1)
111 P£(x)=x(x-1)(x-2)
f(x) xÛ`+x+1 (2x-1)Ü`=ax(x-1)(x-2)+bx(x-1)+cx+d yy
a`(a+0) b x
f(x)=(xÛ`+x+1)(ax+b) yy x=0 -1=d
f(x)+6 xÛ`+2 x=1 1=c+d c=2
f(x) a c x=2 27=2b+2c+d b=12
f(x)+6=(xÛ`+2)(ax+c) xÜ` 8=a
f(x)=(xÛ`+2)(ax+c)-6 yy a+b+c+d=8+12+2+(-1)=21
f(0)=2 b=2 c=4
8xÜ`-12xÛ`+6x-1
(xÛ`+x+1)(ax+2)=(xÛ`+2)(ax+4)-6 yy x x-1 x-2
axÜ`+(a+2)xÛ`+(a+2)x+2=axÜ`+4xÛ`+2ax+2
x 0 8 -12 6 -1
a+2=4 a+2=2a a=2 0 0 0
f(x)=(xÛ`+x+1)(2x+2) 1 8 -12 6 -1 =d
f(1)=12 8 -4
2 8 -4 2 =c

x x=-1 16
-a+2=3(-a+4)-6 a=2 8 12 =b
=

f(x)=(xÛ`+x+1)(2x+2) a

f(1)=12
8xÜ`-12xÛ`+6x-1
=x(8xÛ`-12x+6)-1
112 =x{(x-1)(8x-4)+2}-1
P(x)+Q(x)=3x-1 =x[(x-1){8(x-2)+12}+2]-1
x x=2 =8x(x-1)(x-2)+12x(x-1)+2x-1

20

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 20 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 a=8 b=12 c=2 d=-1
a+b+c+d=21
116
10 10
x +2=aÁ¼(x+2) +a»(x+2)á`+y+aÁ(x+2)+a¼ yy
x
x=-1 yy TIP
3=aÁ¼+a»+y+aÁ+a¼
114

I
6
x=-2
(2x-1)Ü`(x+1)Û`=axÞ`+bxÝ`+cxÜ`+dxÛ`+ex+ f 1026=a¼
10
x x=1 x aÁ¼=1
4=a+b+c+d+e+ f aÁ+aª+y+a¥+a»=a¼+aÁ+aª+y+a10-(a¼+a10)
(2x-1)Ü`(x+1)Û`=(8xÜ`-12xÛ`+6x-1)(xÛ`+2x+1) =3-(1026+1)
xÛ` =-1024
(xÛ` )_( )+(x )_(x )
TIP
+( )_(xÛ` )
a¼+aÁ+aª+y+aÁ¼
(-12)_1+6_2+(-1)_1=-1
x+2=1 x=-1
d=-1
a¼ x+2=0
( )_( ) (-1)_1=-1
x=-2
f=-1
a+b+c+e=(a+b+c+d+e+ f)-(d+ f)
=4-{(-1)+(-1)}=6

117
(2x-1)Ü`(x+1)Û`=(8xÜ`-12xÛ`+6x-1)(xÛ`+2x+1)
(3xÛ`-x-1)Þ`=a¼+aÁx+aªxÛ`+y+aÁ¼xÚ`â`
=8xÞ`+4xÝ`-10xÜ`-xÛ`+4x-1
x
a=8 b=4 c=-10 e=4
1
a+b+c+e=6 x=
3
aÁ aª a» aÁ¼
-1=a¼+ + +y+ + 10 yy
3 3Û` 3á` 3
1
x=-
3
115 -
1 aÁ aª a» aÁ¼
=a¼- + -y- + 10 yy
12 3Þ` 3 3Û` 3á` 3
(xÜ`-2x-4)Ý`=a¼+aÁx+aªxÛ`+y+aÁªx yy
x aÁ a£ a° a»
-3Þ`+1
a¼ (xÜ`-2x-4)Ý` =2{ + + +y+ }
3Þ` 3 3Ü` 3Þ` 3á`
x=0 a¼=256 aÁ a£ a° a» 1-3Þ`
+ + +y+ =
aÁª (xÜ`-2x-4)Ý` x
12
aÁª=1 3 3Ü` 3Þ` 3á` 2_3Þ`
a¼+aÁª=256+1=257

x=1
625=a¼+aÁ+aª+a£+y+aÁÁ+aÁª yy
118
x=-1 P(x)+3x x-1 6
81=a¼-aÁ+aª-a£+y-aÁÁ+aÁª yy
P(1)+3=6 P(1)=3 yy
2(a¼+aª+a¢+a¤+a¥+aÁ¼+aÁª)=706 P(x+3)=P(1-x) x
a¼+aª+a¢+a¤+a¥+aÁ¼+aÁª=353 x=0
P(3)=P(1) P(3)=3`( ) yy
2(aÁ+a£+a°+a¦+a»+aÁÁ)=544 (x+1)P(x) (x-1)(x-3) Q(x)
aÁ+a£+a°+a¦+a»+aÁÁ=272 R(x)=ax+b (a b )
(x+1)P(x)=(x-1)(x-3)Q(x)+ax+b
x=1 2P(1)=a+b=6`( )
a¼+aÁª 20 %
x=3 4P(3)=3a+b=12`( )
a¼+aª+a¢+a¤+a¥+aÁ¼+aÁª 40 %
a=3 b=3 R(x)=3x+3
aÁ+a£+a°+a¦+a»+aÁÁ 40 %
R(4)=3_4+3=15

21

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 21 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 119 3
Q(1)-Q(-1)=2(aÁ+a£+a°+a¦)
f(x)+g(x) x-2 5 1
aÁ+a£+a°+a¦= {Q(1)-Q(-1)}
2
f(2)+g(2)=5 yy f(x)=xá` f(x) x+2
{ f(x)}Ü`+{g(x)}Ü` x-2 f(-2)=-512
80 f(x)=(x+2)Q(x)-512
{ f(2)}Ü`+{g(2)}Ü`=80 yy x
f(x)g(x) x-2 x=1
f(2)g(2) f(1)=3Q(1)-512
{ f(2)}Ü`+{g(2)}Ü`={ f(2)+g(2)}Ü`-3 f(2)g(2){ f(2)+g(2)} f(1)=1á`=1
1=3Q(1)-512 Q(1)=171
80=5Ü`-3_ f(2)g(2)_5 x=-1
f(2)g(2)=3 f(-1)=Q(-1)-512
f(-1)=(-1)á`=-1
-1=Q(-1)-512
Q(-1)=511
120 1
aÁ+a£+a°+a¦= {Q(1)-Q(-1)}
f(x) x 3 2
f(0)=3 1
= (171-511)=-170
2
f(x+1)= f(x)+3xÛ`-x
x=0 f(1)= f(0)=3 yy
x=1 f(2)= f(1)+2=5 yy 123 1
f(x) xÛ`-3x+2=(x-1)(x-2)
x20+2x+5 xÛ`+x
Q(x) ax+b (a b )
ax+b (a b ) Q(x)
f(x)=(x-1)(x-2)Q(x)+ax+b
x20+2x+5=x(x+1)Q(x)+ax+b yy
f(1)=a+b=3 f(2)=2a+b=5
x
a=2 b=1
x=0 5=b
2x+1
x=-1 4=-a+b a=1

x20+2x+5=x(x+1)Q(x)+x+5 yy
121 -4
Q(x)
{ f(x+3)}Û`-4=xÛ`(x+2)(x-2) Q(1) x=1
{ f(x+3)}Û`=xÛ`(x+2)(x-2)+4 8=2Q(1)+6
=xÛ`(xÛ`-4)+4 Q(1)=1
=xÝ`-4xÛ`+4
=(xÛ`-2)Û`
f(x)
124 20

f(x+3)=xÛ`-2 yy f(x) (x+3)Û`

f(x+1) x+k 7 ax+b (a+0 b )
f(-k+1)=7 x=-k-2 f(x)=(x+3)Û`(ax+b)+ax+b yy
(-k-2)Û`-2=7 kÛ`+4k+4-2=7 f(-3)=2
kÛ`+4k-5=0 (k+5)(k-1)=0 k=-5 k=1 f(-3)=-3a+b=2 b=3a+2
k
(-5)+1=-4 f(x)=(x+3)Û`(ax+3a+2)+ax+3a+2
=(x+3)Û`{a(x+3)+2}+ax+3a+2
=a(x+3)Ü`+2(x+3)Û`+ax+3a+2 yy
f(x) (x+3)Ü`
122 -170
R(x)=2(x+3)Û`+ax+3a+2
Q(x)=a¼+aÁx+aªxÛ`+y+a¥x¡` R(0)=3a+20 R(-2)=a+4
Q(1)=a¼+aÁ+aª+y+a¥ yy R(0)=R(-2)
Q(-1)=a¼-aÁ+aª-y+a¥ yy 3a+20=a+4 a=-8

22

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 22 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 {P(x)-x}Q(x)=(x-2)P(x)-xÛ`-{P(x)-3x}
f(x)=-8(x+3)Ü`+2(x+3)Û`-8x-22 ={P(x)-x}(x-3)
f(-4)=20 Q(x)=x-3
P(x) Q(x) x-3 10

125 7 P(3)=9+b=10 b=1

I
P(x)=3x+1
f(x) (x-2)Û`(x-1) Q(x)
P(30)=91
R(x) (R(x) )
f(x)=(x-2)Û`(x-1)Q(x)+R(x) yy
f(x) (x-2)Û`
x+3 R(x) (x-2)Û` 128 253 3

x+3 11
x=253 x x+1
R(x)=a(x-2)Û`+x+3 (a ) yy
11
f(x)=x f(x) x+1
f(x)=(x-2)Û` (x-1)Q(x)+a(x-2)Û`+x+3
f(-1)=-1
f(x) x-1 5
Q(x)
11
x =(x+1)Q(x)-1
f(1)=a+4=5 a=1
x=253
R(x)=(x-2)Û`+x+3 11
253 =254Q(253)-1
R(3)=7
=254{Q(253)-1}+253
253
100 99 98
x=8 x +x +x +y+x+1 x-1
126
100 99 98
f(x) (xÜ`+5)(x-1) Q(x) f(x)=x +x +x +y+x+1
R(x) (R(x) ) f(x) x-1
f(x)=(xÜ`+5)(x-1)Q(x)+R(x) yy f(1)=1+1+y+1=101
f(x) xÜ`+5 Q(x)
100 99 98
xÛ`-2x R(x) xÜ`+5 x +x +x +y+x+1=(x-1)Q(x)+101
xÛ`-2x x=8
100 99 98
R(x)=a(xÜ`+5)+xÛ`-2x (a ) 8 +8 +8 +y+8+1
=7Q(8)+101=7Q(8)+7_14+3
f(x)=(xÜ`+5)(x-1)Q(x)+a(xÜ`+5)+xÛ`-2x yy =7{Q(8)+14}+3
f(x) x-1 11 3
f(1)=11 TIP
x=1
5=3_1+2 5 3 2
f(1)=6a-1=11 a=2
7=3_2+1 7 3 1
R(x)=2(xÜ`+5)+xÛ`-2x
5+7=(3_1+2)+(3_2+1)
R(2)=26
5+7 3
5 7 3 2 1 2+1
3 0
127 91
5_7=(3_1+2)_(3_2+1)
(x-2)P(x)-xÛ` P(x)-x 5_7 3
P(x)-3x 5 7 3 2 1 2_1
P(x)-3x P(x)-x 3 2
P(x) 1 P(x)-x
P(x)-3x P(x) 1 A B C y P
P(x)=ax+b (a+0 a b ) a b c y
P(x)-3x=(a-3)x+b a=3 A+B+C+y P
P(x)=3x+b a+b+c+y P
(x-2)P(x)-xÛ`={P(x)-x}Q(x)+P(x)-3x A_B_C_y P
a_b_c_y P

23

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 23 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 P(x)=(x+2)Û` (ax+b)+2x yy
8 7 1 1-P(x) xÛ`+4x+3 (x+1)(x+3)
8Û` 7 1Û`=1
8Ü` 7 1Ü`=1 1-P(-1)=0 P(-1)=1
1-P(-3)=0 P(-3)=1
n n
8 7 1 =1 x=-1
( n ) P(-1)=-a+b-2=1 -a+b=3 yy
100 99 98
8 +8 +8 +y+8+1 7 x=-3
P(-3)=-3a+b-6=1 -3a+b=7 yy
1+1+1+y+1=101 7 a=-2 b=1
101=7_14+3 3 P(x)=(x+2)Û`(-2x+1)+2x
P(2)=-44

129
x=100 132
39 2 19 19
10 =10_(10 ) =10x 99_101=(x-1)(x+1) P(1)=1 P(2)=2 P(3)=3
19
10x (x-1)(x+1) P(1)-1=P(2)-2=P(3)-3=0
P(x)-x x-1 x-2 x-3
19
10x (x-1)(x+1) Q(x) P(x) -2
ax+b (a b ) P(x)-x -2
19
10x =(x-1)(x+1)Q(x)+ax+b P(x)-x=-2(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)
x P(x)=-2(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)+x
x=1 10=a+b yy P(x) x+2
x=-1 -10=-a+b yy
a=10 b=0 P(-2)=-2_(-3)_(-4)_(-5)-2=118
19
10x =(x-1)(x+1)Q(x)+10x
x=100
39
10 =99_101_Q(100)+1000 133
1000
1
f(x) x-1
2

130 1
f(1)= yy
f(x)+2x xÛ`-6x+8=(x-2)(x-4) 2
4 f(2)-3=0 f(3)=1
f(2)+2_2=0 f(2)=-4 yy 3
f(2)= f(3)=1 yy
4
f(4)+2_4=0 f(4)=-8 yy
f(x) 1
(x+2) f(x+5) xÛ`+4x+3 Q(x)
2 3 4
R(x)=ax+b`(a b ) f(1)- = f(2)- = f(3)- =0
4 4 4
(x+2) f(x+5)=(xÛ`+4x+3)Q(x)+ax+b
x+1
=(x+1)(x+3)Q(x)+ax+b f(x)- x-1 x-2 x-3
4
x=-1 x+1
f(x)- =(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)
f(4)=-a+b -a+b=-8`( ) 4
x=-3 x+1
f(x)=(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)+
4
- f(2)=-3a+b -3a+b=4`( )
f(x+3) x-4
a=-6 b=-14
f(4+3)= f(7)
R(x)=-6x-14
f(7)=6_5_4+2=122
R(-4)=-6_(-4)-14=10

131 134
P(x)-2x (x+2)Û` f(1)-1= f(2)-2= f(3)-3=k (k )
P(x)-2x=(x+2)Û` (ax+b) (a+0 b ) f(1)-1-k=0 f(2)-2-k=0 f(3)-3-k=0

24

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 24 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 P(1)=4
f(x)-x-k=a(x-1)(x-2)(x-3) (a a+0 ) P(1)=a_4_(-1)=4 a=-1
f(x)=a(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)+x+k yy P(x)=-(x+3)(x-2)
f(x) x(x+1) Q(x) Q(x)=3(x+3)(x-2)`( Q(x)=-3P(x))
-17x-10 Q(3)=3_6_1=18
f(x)=x(x+1)Q(x)-17x-10

I
f(-1)=7 f(0)=-10
x=-1
f(-1)=-24a-1+k=7 137 6
-24a+k=8 yy
f(x)=xÜ`+3xÛ`+ax+b xÛ`+4x-4 Q(x)
x=0
R(x)
f(0)=-6a+k=-10 yy
xÜ`+3xÛ`+ax+b=(xÛ`+4x-4)Q(x)+R(x)
a=-1 k=-16
f(x) xÛ`+4x-4
f(x)=-(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)+x-16
Q(x) R(x)
f(-2)=42
f(x)=xÜ`+3xÛ`+ax+b xÛ`+4x-4
`x -1
f(-1) f(0) 20 % xÛ`+4x-4<ÔxÜ`+3xÛ`+ ax+b
f(x) 70 % xÜ`+4xÛ`- 4x
f(-2) 10 % -xÛ`+(a+4)x+b
-xÛ`- 4x+4
(a+8)x+b-4
135 8
xÜ`+3xÛ`+ax+b=(xÛ`+4x-4)(x-1)+(a+8)x+b-4
(x-6) f(x+1)=(x+3) f(x-2) x
Q(x)=x-1 R(x)=(a+8)x+b-4
x=6 0=9 f(4) f(4)=0
R(3)=-4
x=-3 -9 f(-2)=0 f(-2)=0
R(3)=3(a+8)+b-4=-4 3a+b=-24 yy
x=3 -3 f(4)=6 f(1) f(1)=0 ( f(4)=0)
f(x) Q(x) f(1)=0
f(x) f(4)= f(-2)= f(1)=0
f(1)=0 1+3+a+b=0 a+b=-4 yy
a=-10 b=6
f(x)=a(x+2)(x-1)(x-4) (a a+0 ) yy
f(x)=xÜ`+3xÛ`-10x+6
f(x) x-3 10
f(2)=2Ü`+3_2Û`-10_2+6=6
f(3)=10
f(3)=a_5_2_(-1)=10 a=-1

f(x)=-(x+2)(x-1)(x-4)
f(2)=-4_1_(-2)=8 138
1
f(x) x- QÁ(x)
136 18 2
1
QÁ(x) x- 4x-12 -2
2
3P(x)+Q(x)=0 Q(x)=-3P(x) 1
QÁ(x)={x- }(4x-12)-2
P(x)Q(x)=P(x)_{-3P(x)}=-3{P(x)}Û` yy 2
1
f(x) x- 6
2
P(x)Q(x) xÛ`+x-6
1
A(x) f(x)={x- }QÁ(x)+6
2
P(x)Q(x)=(xÛ`+x-6)A(x) 1 1
={x- }[{x- }(4x-12)-2]+6
-3{P(x)}Û`=(x+3)(x-2)A(x)`( ) 2 2
1 1 1
{P(x)}Û`=(x+3)(x-2)[- A(x)] ={x- }Û` (4x-12)-2{x- }+6
3 2 2
P(x) {P(x)}Û` (x+3)(x-2) =(2x-1)Û` (x-3)-2x+7
P(x) (x+3)(x-2) Q(x)=x-3 R(x)=-2x+7
P(x)=a(x+3)(x-2)(a a+0 ) Q(1)+R(-1)=(-2)+9=7

25

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 25 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 139 8 141 999

3xÜ`+2xÛ`-x+1 x+1 AÁ=9+99+999

Aª=9_99+99_999+999_9
-1 3 2 -1 1 A£=9_99_999
-3 1 0 (x+9)(x+99)(x+999)=xÜ`+AÁxÛ`+Aªx+A£
-1 3 -1 0 1 =d x=1
-3 4 10_100_1000=1+AÁ+Aª+A£
-1 3 -4 4 =c AÁ+Aª+A£=1000000-1=999999
-3 AÁ+Aª+A£ 1000 999
3 -7 =b
=

3xÜ`+2xÛ`-x+1=(x+1)(3xÛ`-x)+1
142
=(x+1){(x+1)(3x-4)+4}+1 55
f(55) -1=10
5
=(x+1)[(x+1){3(x+1)-7}+4]+1
1 1 1
=3(x+1)Ü`-7(x+1)Û`+4(x+1)+1 f(x)=a{ x-1}Ü`+b{ x-1}Û`+c{ x-1}+d
5 5 5
a=3 b=-7 c=4 d=1 (a b c d )
2a+b+2c+d=8 f(55)=a_10Ü`+b_10Û`+c_10+d
xÜ`-14xÛ`+67x-105 x-5
3xÜ`+2xÛ`-x+1
=a(x+1)Ü`+b(x+1)Û`+c(x+1)+d 5 1 -14 67 -105
=a(xÜ`+3xÛ`+3x+1)+b(xÛ`+2x+1)+c(x+1)+d 5 -45 110
=axÜ`+(3a+b)xÛ`+(3a+2b+c)x+a+b+c+d 5 1 -9 22 5
x 5 -20
a=3 3a+b=2 3a+2b+c=-1 a+b+c+d=1 5 1 -4 2
b=-7 c=4 d=1 5
2a+b+2c+d=8 1 1

f(x)=(x-5)Ü`+(x-5)Û`+2(x-5)+5
140 1 1 1
=5Ü`{ x-1}Ü``+5Û`{ x-1}Û`+2_5{ x-1}+5
5 5 5
x=80
1 1 1
2_3à`á`=2_(3Ý`)Ú`á`_3Ü`=54_(3Ý`)Ú`á` =125{ x-1}Ü`+25{ x-1}Û`+10{ x-1}+5
5 5 5
=54_81Ú`á`=54(x+1)Ú`á` yy TIP x=55
54(x+1)Ú`á` x f(55)=125_10Ü`+25_10Û`+10_10+5
=125000+2500+100+5
f(x)=54(x+1)Ú`á` =127605
f(x) x f(0)=54 f(55)
Q(x) 1+2+7+6+0+5=21
54(x+1)Ú`á`=xQ(x)+54
x=80
54_81Ú`á`=80Q(80)+54
54 143
TIP f(xÛ`+x)=xÛ` f(x)+x(1+2x+3xÛ`)+1 yy
f(x) n (n )
x 2n
f(xÛ`+x) x
xÛ` f(x) xn+2
x=3 2_xà`á` xÝ`-1
x2n
n+2
x xÜ`
80
n x2n=xÜ`
3Ý`=81
x2n=xn+2 2n=n+2 n=2

26

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 26 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 f(x) x
f(x)=axÛ`+bx+c (a+0 b c ) x (x+a+3)=(x-3)Q(x)+3n
n

x=3
a(xÛ`+x)Û`+b(xÛ`+x)+c 3 (a+6)=3n
n
3n+0
=xÛ`(axÛ`+bx+c)+x(1+2x+3xÛ`)+1 a+6=1 a=-5
axÝ`+2axÜ`+(a+b)xÛ`+bx+c b=6

I
=axÝ`+(b+3)xÜ`+(c+2)xÛ`+x+1 b-a=6-(-5)=11
x
2a=b+3 a+b=c+2 b=1 c=1
a=2 b=1 c=1 f(x)=2xÛ`+x+1 146
f(2)=2_2Û`+2+1=11
1 1 1
f{x+3- }=xÜ`+xÛ`+3+ -
x xÛ` xÜ`
f(x) 30 % 1 1
={xÜ`- }+{xÛ`+ }+3
f(x) 60 %
xÜ` xÛ`
1 1 1
f(2) 10 % =[{x- }Ü`+3{x- }]+[{x- }Û`+2]+3
x x x
1 Ü` 1 1
={x- } +{x- }Û`+3{x- }+5
x x x
144 13
x-
1
x
=k
P(x) 1 f(k+3)=kÜ`+kÛ`+3k+5
P(x)=xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+c (a b c ) yy k+3=t k=t-3
1 f(t)=(t-3)Ü`+(t-3)Û`+3(t-3)+5
P(x)=xÜ`P{ }
x
=(tÜ`-9tÛ`+27t-27)+(tÛ`-6t+9)+(3t-9)+5
1 1 1
xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+c=xÜ`[{ }Ü`+a{ }Û`+b{ }+c] =tÜ`-8tÛ`+24t-22
x x x
1 a b f(x)=xÜ`-8xÛ`+24x-22
=xÜ`{ + + +c}
xÜ` xÛ` x a=-8 b=24 c=-22
=cxÜ`+bxÛ`+ax+1 a+b-c=-8+24-(-22)=38
x
a=b c=1
147
P(x)=xÜ`+axÛ`+ax+1 yy
x
P(x) x-2 -9 { +1}¡`=a¼+aÁx+aªxÛ`+y+a¥x¡` yy
2
P(2)=-9 x
P(2)=2Ü`+a_2Û`+a_2+1=-9 a=-3 x=-2
0=a¼-2aÁ+4aª-y+256a¥ ( ) yy
P(x)=xÜ`-3xÛ`-3x+1 x=2
(x-2)P(x-3) x-1 256=a¼+2aÁ+4aª+y+256a¥ yy
-P(-2)
-P(-2)=-(-8-12+6+1)=13 256=2(a¼+4aª+16a¢+64a¤+256a¥)
a¼+4aª+16a¢+64a¤+256a¥=128 yy
x
145 11 {
2
+1}¡`

xn(xÛ`+ax+b) (x-3)Û` 1 1
x¡` a¥=
n 2¡` 256
Q(x) 3 (x-3)
1 a¼=1
x (xÛ`+ax+b)=(x-3)Û` Q(x)+3n(x-3)
n
yy
1+4aª+16a¢+64a¤+1=128
x=3
2aª+8a¢+32a¤=63 ( )
3n(9+3a+b)=0 3n+0
x=1
b=-3a-9 yy
3
xÛ`+ax+b { }¡`=a¼+aÁ+aª+y+a¥ yy
2
xÛ`+ax+b=xÛ`+ax-3a-9=(x-3)(x+a+3) x=-1
1
{ }¡`=a¼-aÁ+aª-y+a¥ yy
xn(x-3)(x+a+3)=(x-3)Û` Q(x)+3n(x-3) 2

27

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 27 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 TIP
3 1
{ }¡`-{ }¡`=2(aÁ+a£+a°+a¦)
2 2
(x-1)Ü` Q(x)-(x-1)Û`+(a-2)x+b+1
3¡`-1
aÁ+a£+a°+a¦= =(x-1)Û`{(x-1)Q(x)-1}+(a-2)x+b+1
2á`
(3Ý`+1)(3Û`+1)(3+1)(3-1) f(x) (x-1)Û`
=
2á` (a-2)x+b+1
205
= ( )
16
(x-1)Ü` Q(x)-(x-1)Û`+(a-2)(x-1)+a+b-1
=(x-1){(x-1)Û` Q(x)-(x-1)+(a-2)}+a+b-1
f(x) x-1
a+b-1
148
x
(xÜ`+xÛ`-2x)ß`=a¼+aÁx+aªxÛ`+y+aÁ¥xÚ`¡`
{x(xÛ`+x-2)}ß`=xß`(xÛ`+x-2)ß` 150 8
x
xÜ`-4x+5 xÜ`-3xÛ`+5x-1 (x-a)(x-b)
0
QÁ(x) Qª(x)
a¼=aÁ=aª=a£=a¢=a°=0
R(x)
(xÜ`+xÛ`-2x)ß`=a¤ xß`+a¦ xà`+a¥ x¡`+y+aÁ¥ xÚ`¡` yy
xÜ`-4x+5=(x-a)(x-b)QÁ(x)+R(x) yy
xß`(xÛ`+x-2)ß` xß`
xÜ`-3xÛ`+5x-1=(x-a)(x-b)Qª(x)+R(x) yy
(xÛ`+x-2)ß`
a¤=(-2)ß`=64
3xÛ`-9x+6=(x-a)(x-b){QÁ(x)-Qª(x)}
x=1
3xÛ`-9x+6=3(x-1)(x-2)
0=a¤+a¦+a¥+y+aÁ¥ yy
QÁ(x)-Qª(x)=3 a=1 b=2 a=2 b=1
x=-1
2ß`=a¤-a¦+a¥-y+aÁ¥ yy
xÜ`-4x+5=(x-1)(x-2)(x+3)+3x-1
xÜ`-4x+5 (x-1)(x-2)
2ß`=2(a¤+a¥+aÁ¼+y+aÁ¥)
QÁ(x)=x+3 R(x)=3x-1
a¤+a¥+aÁ¼+y+aÁ¥=32
R(a+b)=R(3)=8
a°+a¥+aÁ¼+aÁª+y+aÁ¥
=a°+(a¤+a¥+aÁ¼+aÁª+y+aÁ¥)-a¤
=0+32-64=-32 xÜ`-3xÛ`+5x-1 (x-1)(x-2)
Qª(x)=x R(x)=3x-1

149
f(x) (x-1)Ü` Q(x)
-xÛ`+ax+b
151
f(x)=(x-1)Ü` Q(x)-xÛ`+ax+b xÜ`+3xÛ`+4x+2 f(x)
=(x-1)Ü` Q(x)-(x-1)Û`+(a-2)x+b+1 yy QÁ(x) g(x)
=(x-1)Ü`Q(x)-(x-1)Û`+(a-2)(x-1)+a+b-1 xÜ`+3xÛ`+4x+2= f(x)QÁ(x)+g(x) yy
yy f(x) g(x)
f(x) (x-1)Û`
(a-2)x+b+1 xÜ`+3xÛ`+4x+2 g(x)
f(x) x-1 Qª(x) f(x)-xÛ`-2x
a+b-1 yy TIP xÜ`+3xÛ`+4x+2=g(x)Qª(x)+ f(x)-xÛ`-2x yy
g(x) f(x)-xÛ`-2x
{(a-2)x+b+1}+(a+b-1)=(a-2)x+a+2b
=2x-6 f(x)=xÛ`+2x+a (a ) yy
x xÜ`+3xÛ`+4x+2 f(x)=xÛ`+2x+a
a-2=2 a+2b=-6 a=4 b=-5 x+1 (2-a)x+(2-a)
ab=4_(-5)=-20 g(x)=(2-a)(x+1)

28

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 28 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 xÜ`+3xÛ`+4x+2=(2-a)(x+1)Qª(x)+a
153 12

x x=-1 f(4)=14 yy
a=0 f(x) (x+1)(x-3)
g(x)=2(x+1) QÁ(x) -3x+1
g(1)=4 f(x)=(x+1)(x-3)QÁ(x)-3x+1

I
x-1
(x-1) f(x)=(x+1)(x-3)(x-1)QÁ(x)+(x-1)(-3x+1)
(x-1) f(x) (x+1)(x-3)
(x-1)(-3x+1) (x+1)(x-3)

152 xÛ`-2x-3
(x-1)(-3x+1)=-3xÛ`+4x-1
P(x) x+2 R =-3(xÛ`-2x-3)-2x-10
R=P(-2) -2x-10
P(x-1) x+1 (x-1) f(x)=(x+1)(x-3)Q(x)-2x-10
x=4
P(-1-1)=P(-2)=R ( ) 3 f(4)=5Q(4)-18 5Q(4)=3_14+18=60 ( )
P(x) x+2 Q(x) Q(4)=12
R
P(x)=(x+2)Q(x)+R yy
Q(x) x+2 QÁ(x)
1
R 154 4

1 P(xÛ`)=kxÜ`P(x+1)-2xÝ`+2xÛ`
Q(x)=(x+2)QÁ(x)+
R
P(xÛ`)=kxÜ`P(x+1)-2xÝ`+2xÛ`
=xÛ`{kxP(x+1)-2xÛ`+2}
1
P(x)=(x+2)[(x+2)QÁ(x)+ ]+R x
R
1 x=0 P(0)=0
=(x+2)Û` QÁ(x)+ (x+2)+R
R x=-1
x x-1 P(1)=-kP(0)=0`( P(0)=0)
1 x=1
P(x-1)=(x+1)Û` QÁ(x-1)+ (x+1)+R yy
R
P(1)=kP(2)=0 P(2)=0`( P(1)=0)
P(x) (x+2)Û`
x='2
1
(x+2)+R P(x-1) (x+1)Û` P(2)=2{'2kP('2+1)-2}=0`( P(2)=0)
R
1 '2
(x+1)+R ( ) P('2+1)= yy
R k
{P(x-1)}Û`-RÛ`={P(x-1)-R}{P(x-1)+R} P(0)=P(1)=P(2)=0 P(x)
k 3
1 P(x) n`(n¾3)
P(x-1)-R=(x+1)Û` QÁ(x-1)+ (x+1)
R 2n n+3 2n=n+3 n=3
P(x-1)-R (x+1)Û` P(x)=kx(x-1)(x-2)
1 x='2+1
(x+1)
R
P('2+1)=k('2+1)_'2_('2-1)='2k
'2
1 '2k= kÛ`=1 k=1`( k>0)
P(x-1)+R=(x+1)Û` QÁ(x-1)+ (x+1)+2R k
R
P(x)=x(x-1)(x-2) yy
P(x-1)+R (x+1)Û`
P(x)+xÝ`-3x Q(x)
1
(x+1)+2R A(x) Q(x)
R
1 1 1
(x+1)_[ (x+1)+2R]= (x+1)Û`+2(x+1)
R R RÛ` x(x-1)(x-2)+xÝ`-3x=Q(x)A(x)+2xÛ`+x-8
{P(x-1)}Û`-RÛ` (x+1)Û` xÝ`+xÜ`-3xÛ`-x=Q(x)A(x)+2xÛ`+x-8
2(x+1)=2x+2 ( ) xÝ`+xÜ`-5xÛ`-2x+8=Q(x)A(x)
x=-2

29

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 29 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 (-2)Ý`+(-2)Ü`-5(-2)Û`-2(-2)+8=0 P(x)=(x+1)Û` (x-3)+xÜ`=2xÜ`-xÛ`-5x-3
2
-2 1 1 -5 -2 8 Ü P(x)-xÜ`=k(x+1)(x-3)Û`
-2 2 6 -8 x=2
1 -1 -3 4 0 P(2)-8=3k k=-3
P(x)=-3(x+1)(x-3)Û`+xÜ`=-2xÜ`+15xÛ`-9x-27
(x+2)(xÜ`-xÛ`-3x+4)=Q(x)A(x)
-2
Q(-2)+0 Q(x) -1
Ú Ü P(x)
Q(x)=-(xÜ`-xÛ`-3x+4)
P(x)=-2xÜ`+15xÛ`-9x-27
P(3)+Q(2)=3_2_1-(2Ü`-2Û`-3_2+4)`( )
P(1)=-23
=6-2=4

155 157 28

7
f(x) x+2 xÛ`+4 P(4)=
4
QÁ(x) Qª(x) 3pÛ` 4 7
P(3)= P(4)=
f(x)=(x+2)QÁ(x)+3pÛ`=(xÛ`+4)Qª(x)+3pÛ` yy 3 3
3 7
P(2)= P(3)=
2 2
(x+2)QÁ(x)=(xÛ`+4)Qª(x)
7
1 P(1)=2P(2)=
1
QÁ(x) xÛ`+4 Qª(x) x+2
7
1 n=1 2 3 4 P(n)= nP(n)-7=0
n
QÁ(x)=(xÛ`+4)(x+a) Qª(x)=(x+2)(x+a) (a ) xP(x)-7
xP(x)-7=k(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)(x-4) (k+0)
f(x)=(x+2)(xÛ`+4)(x+a)+3pÛ` yy 7
x=0 -7=24k k=-
f(1)= f(-1) 24
f(1)=3_5_(1+a)+3pÛ`=15(1+a)+3pÛ` 7
xP(x)-7=- (x-1)(x-2)(x-3)(x-4) yy
24
f(-1)=1_5_(-1+a)+3pÛ`=5(-1+a)+3pÛ`
P(x) x+1
15(1+a)+3pÛ`=5(-1+a)+3pÛ`
P(-1)
3(1+a)=-1+a a=-2
x=-1
7
f(x)=(x+2)(x-2)(xÛ`+4)+3pÛ` -P(-1)-7=- _(-2)_(-3)_(-4)_(-5)
24
=(xÛ`-4)(xÛ`+4)+3pÛ` P(-1)=28
x-'p f(x)
f('p)=0
f('p)=(p-4)(p+4)+3pÛ`=0 4pÛ`-16=0 158 13
(p+2)(p-2)=0 p=2 ( p>0)
Q(1)=0 Q(1)+0

Ú Q(1)=0
156 Q(x)=a(x-1) (a+0)
P(2)=-1 P(x)=xÜ`-10x+13-{Q(x)}Û`
=xÜ`-aÛ`xÛ`+(2aÛ`-10)x+13-aÛ` yy
P(a)=aÜ` P(a)-aÜ`=0 xÜ`-10x+13-P(x)
a -1 3 P(x) 1 xÛ`-3x+3
k
Ú P(x)-xÜ`=k(x+1)(x-3) P(x)=(xÛ`-3x+3)(x-k) (k )
P(x)=xÜ`+k(x+1)(x-3) =xÜ`+(-k-3)xÛ`+(3k+3)x-3k yy
1
-aÛ`=-k-3 2aÛ`-10=3k+3 13-aÛ`=-3k
Û P(x)-xÜ`=k(x+1)Û`(x-3) a k
x=2 Û Q(1)+0
P(2)-8=-9k k=1 P(x) xÛ`-3x+3 x-1

30

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 30 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 xÜ`-10x+13-P(x) f(x)
P(x) 1 f(x)=axÛ`+bx+c (a b c )
P(x)=(xÛ`-3x+3)(x-1)=xÜ`-4xÛ`+6x-3 1
f(x+1)+xÝ` f{ }
xÛ`
{Q(x)}Û`=xÜ`-10x+13-P(x) a b
=a(x+1)Û`+b(x+1)+c+xÝ`{ + +c}
xÝ` xÛ`
=xÜ`-10x+13-(xÜ`-4xÛ`+6x-3)

I
=cxÝ`+(a+b)xÛ`+(2a+b)x+2a+b+c
=4xÛ`-16x+16
=(2x-4)Û`
cxÝ`+(a+b)xÛ`+(2a+b)x+2a+b+c=5xÝ`-xÛ`+x+6
Q(x)=2x-4 Q(x)=-2x+4
x
Q(0)<0 Q(x)=2x-4
c=5 a+b=-1 2a+b=1 2a+b+c=6
Ú Û P(2)+Q(8)=13
a=2 b=-3 c=5
f(x)=2xÛ`-3x+5
f(1)=4
159 15
TIP
P(x) 1
n=3 f(x) f(x+1)
P(x)=xÛ`+ax+b (a b ) yy
1 1 1
Q(x) 1 xÝ` f{ } xÝ`_ =
xÛ` xß` xÛ`
Q(x)=x+c (c ) yy 1 1
P(xÛ`-1)-2Q(x+1) x+1 xÛ` xÛ`
P(0)-2Q(0)=0
P(0)=b Q(0)=c 1
n>3 xÝ` f{ }
xÛ`
P(0)-2Q(0)=b-2c=0 b=2c
1 1
xÝ`_ = ( 2n>4)
x2n x2n-4
P(x)=xÛ`+ax+2c yy

P(x)-2Q(x)=(xÛ`+ax+2c)-2(x+c)
=xÛ`+(a-2)x 161 54
P(x)-2Q(x)=0
P(1)P(2)=0
P(x)-2Q(x)
P(1)=0 P(2)=0 yy
xÛ`+(a-2)x 0
P(x){P(x)-6} x(x-3)
a=2
P(x)=xÛ`+2x+2c yy
P(0){P(0)-6}=0 P(3){P(3)-6}=0
2P(x)+Q(x) x-2 13

Ú P(0)=0 P(3)=6
2P(2)+Q(2)=2(2Û`+2_2+2c)+(2+c)=13
P(1)=0 P(0)=P(1)=0
5c=-5 c=-1
P(x) P(x)=ax(x-1)(a a+0 )
P(3)=6 6a=6 a=1 P(x)=x(x-1)
P(x)=xÛ`+2x-2 Q(x)=x-1
P(2)=0 P(0)=P(2)=0
P(3)+Q(3)=(3Û`+2_3-2)+(3-1)=15
P(x) P(x)=bx(x-2)(b b+0 )
P(3)=6 3b=6 b=2 P(x)=2x(x-2)
Û P(0)=6 P(3)=0
160 P(1)=0 P(1)=P(3)=0
f(x) n (n ) P(x) P(x)=c(x-1)(x-3)`(c c+0 )
1
f(x+1)+xÝ` f{ }=5xÝ`-xÛ`+x+6 yy
xÛ` P(0)=6 3c=6 c=2
1 1 P(x)=2(x-1)(x-3)
f{ }
xÛ` x2n
P(2)=0 P(2)=P(3)=0
1
n¾3 xÝ` f{ } P(x) P(x)=d(x-2)(x-3)`(d d+0 )
xÛ`
1 1
xÝ`_ = ( 2n>4)
x2n x2n-4 P(0)=6 6d=6 d=1
yy TIP P(x)=(x-2)(x-3)

31

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 31 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 Ü P(0)=6 P(3)=6
P(0)=P(3)=6
P(x)-6=ex(x-3)`(e e+0
P(x)
)
03
P(x)=ex(x-3)+6 yy
P(1)=0 162
P(1)=-2e+6=0 e=3
aÛ`+4a+4-bÛ`=(a+2)Û`-bÛ`
P(x)=3x(x-3)+6
={(a+2)+b}{(a+2)-b}
P(2)=0
=(a+b+2)(a-b+2)
P(2)=-2e+6=0 e=3 P(1)=0
aÜ`+9aÛ`b+27abÛ`+27bÜ`
=aÜ`+3_aÛ`_3b+3_a_(3b)Û`+(3b)Ü`
Ý P(0)=0 P(3)=0
=(a+3b)Ü`
P(x) P(0)=0 P(3)=0
aÜ`+8bÜ`=aÜ`+(2b)Ü`=(a+2b)(aÛ`-2ab+4bÛ`)
P(1)=0 P(2)=0
aÛ`+4bÛ`+cÛ`+4ab-4bc-2ca
Ú~Ý P(x) x(x-1) 2x(x-2) 2(x-1)(x-3)
=aÛ`+(2b)Û`+(-c)Û`+2(2ab-2bc-ca)
(x-2)(x-3) 3x(x-3)+6
=(a+2b-c)Û`
Q(x)=x(x-1)+2x(x-2)+2(x-1)(x-3)
+(x-2)(x-3)+3x(x-3)+6
Q(4)=4_3+2_4_2+2_3_1+2_1+3_4_1+6=54
163
xÜ`y-9xyÜ`=xy(xÛ`-9yÛ`)=xy(x+3y)(x-3y)
64xÜ`-48xÛ`+12x-1
=(4x)Ü`+3_(4x)Û`_(-1)+3_(4x)_(-1)Û`+(-1)Ü`
=(4x-1)Ü`
8aÜ`-bÜ`=(2a)Ü`-bÜ`
=(2a-b)(4aÛ`+2ab+bÛ`)
xÝ`-16yÝ`=(xÛ`+4yÛ`)(xÛ`-4yÛ`)
=(xÛ`+4yÛ`)(x+2y)(x-2y)
4aÛ`+bÛ`+9cÛ`+4ab+6bc+12ca
=(2a)Û`+bÛ`+(3c)Û`+2(2ab+3bc+6ca)
=(2a+b+3c)Û`

164
2aÜ`+3aÛ`b-3abÛ`-2bÜ`
=2(aÜ`-bÜ`)+3ab(a-b)
=2(a-b)(aÛ`+ab+bÛ`)+3ab(a-b)
=(a-b)(2aÛ`+5ab+2bÛ`)
=(a-b)(a+2b)(2a+b)

165 32

xÜ`-xyÛ`-xÛ`y+yÜ`=xÛ`(x-y)-yÛ`(x-y)
=(xÛ`-yÛ`)(x-y)
=(x-y)Û`(x+y)
x+y=4 xy=2

32

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 32 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 (x-y)Û`=(x+y)Û`-4xy=4Û`-8=8 ={(x-1)(x+2)}{(x-3)(x+4)}-56
(x-y)Û`(x+y)=8_4=32 =(xÛ`+x-2)(xÛ`+x-12)-56
32 xÛ`+x=X
(xÛ`+x-2)(xÛ`+x-12)-56
=(X-2)(X-12)-56
166 =XÛ`-14X-32=(X-16)(X+2)

I
a+b+c=0 =(xÛ`+x-16)(xÛ`+x+2)
aÜ`+bÜ`+cÜ`-3abc=(a+b+c)(aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca) a b a=16 b=2
=0 a-b=16-2=14

167
xÛ`+3=X 170
(xÛ`+x+3)(xÛ`+2x+3)-2xÛ` 2 1
xÝ`-2xÜ`+3xÛ`-2x+1=xÛ`{xÛ`-2x+3- + } 
=(X+x)(X+2x)-2xÛ` x xÛ`
=XÛ`+3xX=X(X+3x) 1 1
=xÛ`[{xÛ`+ }-2{x+ }+3] 
xÛ` x
=(xÛ`+3)(xÛ`+3x+3)
1 1
xÛ`+2x=X =xÛ` [[{x+ }Û`-2]-2{x+ }+3]
x x
(xÛ`+2x-2)(xÛ`+2x+5)+12
1 Û` 1
=(X-2)(X+5)+12 =xÛ`[{x+ } -2{x+ }+1]
x x
=XÛ`+3X+2=(X+1)(X+2) 1
x+ =t
=(xÛ`+2x+1)(xÛ`+2x+2) x
=(x+1)Û`(xÛ`+2x+2) 1 Û` 1
xÛ`[{x+ } -2{x+ }+1]=xÛ`(tÛ`-2t+1)
x x
xÛ`-2x=X
=xÛ`(t-1)Û`
(xÛ`-2x)Û`-2xÛ`+4x-3
1
=(xÛ`-2x)Û`-2(xÛ`-2x)-3 =xÛ`{x+ -1}Û`
x
=XÛ`-2X-3=(X+1)(X-3) 1
=[x{x+ -1}]Û`
=(xÛ`-2x+1)(xÛ`-2x-3) x
=(x-1)Û`(x+1)(x-3) =(xÛ`-x+1)Û`

168
(x-1)(x-2)(x+2)(x+3)-60
={(x-1)(x+2)}{(x-2)(x+3)}-60 171
=(xÛ`+x-2)(xÛ`+x-6)-60 xÛ`=X
xÛ`+x=X xÝ`-7xÛ`+12=XÛ`-7X+12
(xÛ`+x-2)(xÛ`+x-6)-60 =(X-3)(X-4)
=(X-2)(X-6)-60 =(xÛ`-3)(xÛ`-4)
=XÛ`-8X-48=(X-12)(X+4) =(xÛ`-3)(x+2)(x-2) yy
=(xÛ`+x-12)(xÛ`+x+4)
=(x+4)(x-3)(xÛ`+x+4) xÝ`-7xÛ`+12=(xÛ`-3)(x+2)(x-2)
xÛ`-3=(x+'3)(x-'3)

TIP
xÝ`-7xÛ`+12=(x+'3)(x-'3)(x+2)(x-2)
(x-3)(xÛ`+x+4)=xÜ`-2xÛ`+x-12
xÜ`-2xÛ`+x-12
(x-1)(x-2)(x+2)(x+3)-60
172
xÝ`-6xÛ`yÛ`+yÝ`=(xÝ`-2xÛ`yÛ`+yÝ`)-4xÛ`yÛ`
169 14
=(xÛ`-yÛ`)Û`-(2xy)Û`
(xÛ`-4x+3)(xÛ`+6x+8)-56 =(xÛ`+2xy-yÛ`)(xÛ`-2xy-yÛ`)
=(x-1)(x-3)(x+2)(x+4)-56

33

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 33 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 173 177
xÝ`+4=(xÝ`+4xÛ`+4)-4xÛ` a
=(xÛ`+2)Û`-(2x)Û` aÛ`b-abÛ`+bÛ`c-bcÛ`+cÛ`a-caÛ`
={(xÛ`+2)+2x}{(xÛ`+2)-2x} =(b-c)aÛ`+(cÛ`-bÛ`)a+bc(b-c)
=(xÛ`+2x+2)(xÛ`-2x+2) =(b-c)aÛ`-(b-c)(b+c)a+bc(b-c)
xÝ`+7xÛ`+16=(xÝ`+8xÛ`+16)-xÛ` =(b-c){aÛ`-(b+c)a+bc}
=(xÛ`+4)Û`-xÛ` =(b-c)(a-b)(a-c)
=(xÛ`+x+4)(xÛ`-x+4) =(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)

174 178 (x+1)(x+3)(x-2)

x
f(x)=xÜ`+2xÛ`-5x-6
xÛ`+3xy+2yÛ`-2x-y-3
f(-1)=-1+2+5-6=0
=xÛ`+(3y-2)x+(2yÛ`-y-3)
=xÛ`+(3y-2)x+(y+1)(2y-3)
-1 1 2 -5 -6
x y+1
-1 -1 6
x 2y-3 1 1 -6 0
=(x+y+1)(x+2y-3) xÜ`+2xÛ`-5x-6=(x+1)(xÛ`+x-6)
=(x+1)(x+3)(x-2)

175 179
x
f(x)=xÜ`-2xÛ`+kx+12
3xÛ`-2xy-yÛ`-7x-y+2
x-1
=3xÛ`-(2y+7)x-(yÛ`+y-2)
f(1)=1-2+k+12=0
=3xÛ`-(2y+7)x-(y+2)(y-1)
k=-11
3x y-1
f(x)=xÜ`-2xÛ`-11x+12
x -(y+2) f(1)=0
=(3x+y-1)(x-y-2) 1 1 -2 -11 12
=(-3x-y+1)(-x+y+2) 1 -1 -12
a=-3 b=1 c=-1 d=1 1 -1 -12 0
a-b+c-d=-3-1+(-1)-1=-6
f(x)=(x-1)(xÛ`-x-12)
=(x-1)(x+3)(x-4)
176
y k 30 %
8xÜ`+4xÛ`y-4xy-3yÛ`+4y-1 f(x) 70 %
=-3yÛ`+(4xÛ`-4x+4)y+8xÜ`-1
=-3yÛ`+(4xÛ`-4x+4)y+(2x-1)(4xÛ`+2x+1)
-3y 4xÛ`+2x+1 180
y 2x-1 f(x)=2xÝ`-7xÜ`-6xÛ`+7x+4
={-3y+(4xÛ`+2x+1)}{y+(2x-1)} f(1)=2-7-6+7+4=0
=(4xÛ`+2x-3y+1)(2x+y-1) f(-1)=2+7-6-7+4=0
y
xÝ`+2xÛ`y-4xÛ`+yÛ`-4y-5 1 2 -7 -6 7 4
=yÛ`+(2xÛ`-4)y+xÝ`-4xÛ`-5 2 -5 -11 -4
=yÛ`+(2xÛ`-4)y+(xÛ`+1)(xÛ`-5) -1 2 -5 -11 -4 0
y xÛ`+1 -2 7 4
y xÛ`-5 2 -7 -4 0
={y+(xÛ`+1)}{y+(xÛ`-5)} 2xÝ`-7xÜ`-6xÛ`+7x+4
=(xÛ`+y+1)(xÛ`+y-5) =(x-1)(x+1)(2xÛ`-7x-4)

34

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 34 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 =(x-1)(x+1)(2x+1)(x-4) xÜ`+2xÛ`-5x-6=(x+1)(xÛ`+x-6)
=(x+1)(x+3)(x-2)
xÛ`+5x+4=(x+1)(x+4) x=29
29Ü`+2_29Û`-5_29-6=30_32_27
=2ß`_3Ý`_5
181 729000 10000
a=6 b=4 c=1

I
x=89 a+b+c=6+4+1=11
89Ü`+3_89Û`+3_89+1
=xÜ`+3xÛ`+3x+1
=(x+1)Ü` 184
=90Ü`=729000 A B C D xÜ` yÜ` xyÛ` xÛ`y
a=32 b=19 c=49 A B C D 27 1 9 27
32Û`+19Û`+49Û`+2(32_19+19_49+49_32) 27xÜ`+yÜ`+9xyÛ`+27xÛ`y
=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2(ab+bc+ca)
=(a+b+c)Û` 27xÜ`+27xÛ`y+9xyÛ`+yÜ`
=(32+19+49)Û`=100Û`=10000 =(3x)Ü`+3_(3x)Û`_y+3_(3x)_yÛ`+yÜ`
=(3x+y)Ü`
3x+y
182
x=999
999Ü`-1=xÜ`-1 185
999_1000+1=x(x+1)+1 aÜ`+bÜ`+cÜ`-3abc aÜ`+bÜ`=(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)
=xÛ`+x+1 aÜ`+bÜ`+cÜ`-3abc=( a+b )Ü`-3ab(a+b)+cÜ`-3abc
xÜ`-1=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)
=( a+b )Ü`+cÜ`-3ab(a+b+c)
999Ü`-1=(999-1)(999Û`+999+1)
(a+b)Ü`+cÜ`={(a+b)+c}{(a+b)Û`-(a+b)c+cÛ`}
=998_(999_1000+1)
998 ( a+b )Ü`+cÜ`-3ab(a+b+c)
=( a+b+c ){(a+b)Û`-(a+b)c+cÛ`}-3ab(a+b+c)

183 10 11 =( a+b+c )(aÛ`+2ab+bÛ`-ac-bc+cÛ`-3ab)

=(a+b+c)( aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca )
x=38
X=a+b Y=a+b+c
38Ü`+7_38Û`-17_38+9=xÜ`+7xÛ`-17x+9
Z=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca
f(x)=xÜ`+7xÛ`-17x+9
XY+Z=(a+b)(a+b+c)+(aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca)
f(1)=1Ü`+7-17+9=0
=(a+b)Û`+c(a+b)+(aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca)
=2aÛ`+2bÛ`+cÛ`+ab
1 1 7 -17 9
1 8 -9
1 8 -9 0 186
xÜ`+7xÛ`-17x+9=(x-1)(xÛ`+8x-9) f(x) xÜ`-1 Q(x)
=(x-1)Û`(x+9) R(x)(R(x) )
x=38 f(x)=(xÜ`-1)Q(x)+R(x)
38Ü`+7_38Û`-17_38+9=37Û`_47 f(x)=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)Q(x)+R(x) yy
a=37 b=47 f(x) xÛ`+x+1 2x-5
b-a=47-37=10 R(x) xÛ`+x+1 2x-5
x=29 R(x)=a(xÛ`+x+1)+2x-5 (a ) yy
29Ü`+2_29Û`-5_29-6=xÜ`+2xÛ`-5x-6
f(x)=xÜ`+2xÛ`-5x-6 f(x)=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)Q(x)+a(xÛ`+x+1)+2x-5
f(-1)=-1+2+5-6=0 f(x) x-1 9
f(1)=9
-1 1 2 -5 -6 3a-3=9 a=4
-1 -1 6
1 1 -6 0 R(x)=4(xÛ`+x+1)+2x-5

35

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 35 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 R(2)=4(2Û`+2+1)+4-5=27 x=-1
Q(-1)=1-1+1-1+y-1+1=1
Q(1)+Q(-1)=101+1=102
187
x6+xÝ`-3xÜ`-xÛ` P(x) Q(x)
-3xÜ`-2xÛ` 190 450

x6+xÝ`-3xÜ`-xÛ`=P(x)Q(x)-3xÜ`-2xÛ` xÞ`â`-1 (x-1)Û` Q(x)

P(x)Q(x)=x6+xÝ`+xÛ` R(x)=ax+b (a b )
=xÛ`(xÝ`+xÛ`+1) xÞ`â`-1=(x-1)Û`Q(x)+ax+b yy
=xÛ`(xÛ`+x+1)(xÛ`-x+1) yy x=1 0=a+b b=-a yy
x6+xÝ`-3xÜ`-xÛ` P(x)
P(x) Q(x) xÞ`â`-1=(x-1)Û`Q(x)+a(x-1)
Q(x-2) x-1 3 =(x-1){(x-1)Q(x)+a}
Q(-1)=3 xÞ`â`-1=(x-1)(xÝ`á`+xÝ`¡`+xÝ`à`+y+x+1)
(x-1)(xÝ`á`+xÝ`¡`+xÝ`à`+y+x+1)=(x-1){(x-1)Q(x)+a}
Q(x)=xÛ`-x+1 P(x)=xÛ`(xÛ`+x+1) x-1
P(1)+Q(3)=3+7=10 xÝ`á`+xÝ`¡`+xÝ`à`+y+x+1=(x-1)Q(x)+a
x x=1
a=50 b=-50 ( ) R(x)=50x-50
188 R(10)=450
1
f(x)=x¡` f(x) x+
2
191
1 1 1
RÁ= f{- }={- }¡`= (x+2)(x+4)(x+6)(x+8)+k
2 2 2¡`
1 1 ={(x+2)(x+8)}{(x+4)(x+6)}+k
x¡`={x+ }Q(x)+
2 2¡` =(xÛ`+10x+16)(xÛ`+10x+24)+k
1 1
x¡`- ={x+ }Q(x) yy xÛ`+10x+16=X yy TIP
2¡` 2
(xÛ`+10x+16)(xÛ`+10x+24)+k=X(X+8)+k
=XÛ`+8X+k
1 1 1
x¡`- ={xÝ`+ }{xÝ`- }  XÛ`+8X+k x
2¡` 2Ý` 2Ý`
1 1 1
={xÝ`+ }{xÛ`+ }{xÛ`- }  XÛ`+8X+k=(X+4)Û`
2Ý` 2Û` 2Û`
1 1 1 1 k=16
={xÝ`+ }{xÛ`+ }{x+ }{x- }
2Ý` 2Û` 2 2 X=xÛ`+10x+16
(X+4)Û`=(xÛ`+10x+20)Û`
1 1 1 f(x)=xÛ`+10x+20
Q(x)={xÝ`+ }{xÛ`+ }{x- }
2Ý` 2Û` 2
1
Q(x) x+
2 TIP
xÛ`+10x=X
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Rª=Q{- }={ + }{ + }{- - }  (xÛ`+10x+16)(xÛ`+10x+24)+k
2 2Ý` 2Ý` 2Û` 2Û` 2 2
1 1 1 =(X+16)(X+24)+k=XÛ`+40X+384+k
= _ _(-1)=-
2Ü` 2 2Ý` XÛ`+40X+384+k=(X+20)Û`
Rª 1 1 384+k=400 k=16
={- }Ö =-2Ý`=-16
RÁ 2Ý` 2¡` xÛ`+10x+16=X

189
x101-1=(x-1)(x100+x99+x98+y+x+1)
x101-1 x-1
192 40

Q(x)=x100+x99+x98+y+x+1 xÛ`+x=X
x=1 (xÛ`+x)(xÛ`+x-4)+a(xÛ`+x)+12
Q(1)=1+1+1+y+1=101 =X(X-4)+aX+12

36

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 36 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 =XÛ`+(a-4)X+12
p q 12=1_12=2_6=3_4
195
XÛ`+(a-4)X+12 aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-2ab-2bc+2ca=(a-b+c)Û`
=(X+1)(X+12)=(xÛ`+x+1)(xÛ`+x+12) yy (a+b)(b+c)(c+a)+abc
=(X+2)(X+6)=(xÛ`+x+2)(xÛ`+x+6) yy =(ab+ac+bÛ`+bc)(c+a)+abc
=(X+3)(X+4)=(xÛ`+x+3)(xÛ`+x+4) yy =abc+acÛ`+bÛ`c+bcÛ`+aÛ`b+aÛ`c+abÛ`+abc+abc

I
a
(X+1)(X+12)=XÛ`+13X+12 (b+c)aÛ`+(bÛ`+3bc+cÛ`)a+bc(b+c)
a-4=13 a=17 a b+c
(X+2)(X+6)=XÛ`+8X+12 (b+c)a bc
a-4=8 a=12 ={a+(b+c)}{(b+c)a+bc}
(X+3)(X+4)=XÛ`+7X+12 =(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ca)
a-4=7 a=11 a
a aÛ`(b+c)-bÛ`(a-c)+cÛ`(a-b)-abc
11+12+17=40 =(b+c)aÛ`-(bÛ`+bc-cÛ`)a+bc(b-c)
a -(b-c)

193 46 (b+c)a -bc

={a-(b-c)}{(b+c)a-bc}
(x-3)Ý`-5(x-3)Û`+4 (x-3)Û`=X
=(a-b+c)(ab-bc+ca)
(x-3)Ý`-5(x-3)Û`+4=XÛ`-5X+4=(X-1)(X-4)
a-b+c
={(x-3)Û`-1Û`}{(x-3)Û`-2Û`}
={(x-4)(x-2)}{(x-5)(x-1)}
=(x-1)(x-2)(x-4)(x-5) 196 -1

aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+dÛ`=1Û`+2Û`+4Û`+5Û`=46
f(x)=xÝ`-4xÜ`-xÛ`+16x-12
f(1)=1-4-1+16-12=0
f(2)=16-32-4+32-12=0
194 -1 -3

x 1 1 -4 -1 16 -12
xÛ`+(ky-1)x-6yÛ`-7y-2 1 -3 -4 12
=xÛ`+(ky-1)x-(3y+2)(2y+1) 2 1 -3 -4 12 0
2 -2 -12
(2y+1)-(3y+2)=ky-1 1 -1 -6 0
y k=-1 xÝ`-4xÜ`-xÛ`+16x-12
x =(x-1)(x-2)(xÛ`-x-6)
xÛ`+3xy+2yÛ`-2x-5y+k =(x-1)(x-2)(x+2)(x-3)
=xÛ`+(3y-2)x+2yÛ`-5y+k yy
(x+k)(x-k)P(x)=(x+2)(x-2)(x-1)(x-3)
2yÛ`-5y+k=(2y+a)(y+b) (a b ) yy k=2`( k>0) P(x)=(x-1)(x-3)
y -5=a+2b yy P(2)=1_(-1)=-1

xÛ`+(3y-2)x+2yÛ`-5y+k
=xÛ`+(3y-2)x+(2y+a)(y+b) 197
x 2y+a P(x)Q(x)=xÝ`+6xÜ`+9xÛ`-4x-12
x y+b P(1)Q(1)=1+6+9-4-12=0
=(x+2y+a)(x+y+b) P(-2)Q(-2)=16-48+36+8-12=0
x
3y-2=(2y+a)+(y+b) 1 1 6 9 -4 -12
=3y+a+b 1 7 16 12
-2=a+b yy -2 1 7 16 12 0
a=1 b=-3 -2 -10 -12
k=ab=-3 ( ) 1 5 6 0

37

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 37 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 P(x)Q(x)=(x-1)(x+2)(xÛ`+5x+6) tÜ`-3tÛ`-6t+8=(t-1)(tÛ`-2t-8)
=(x-1)(x+3)(x+2)Û` =(t-1)(t+2)(t-4)
f(x) g(x) x-k x-k =(x+1)(x+4)(x-2) ( t=x+2)
a=-2 b=1 c=4 ( a<b<c)
k=-2 x+2 a+2b+3c=-2+2_1+3_4=12
1
(x+2)(x-1) (x+2)(x+3) 200 5

xÝ`+axÛ`+b (x-1)Û`
(x+2)(x-1)+(x+2)(x+3)
xÝ`+axÛ`+b x-1
=(x+2){(x-1)+(x+3)}
f(x)=xÝ`+axÛ`+b
=(x+2)(2x+2)=2xÛ`+6x+4
f(1)=1+a+b=0 b=-a-1 yy
f(x)=xÝ`+axÛ`-a-1
=(xÛ`+a+1)(xÛ`-1)
198 3x-6
=(xÛ`+a+1)(x+1)(x-1)
P(x)Q(x)=xÝ`-5xÜ`+9xÛ`-8x+4 f(x) (x-1)Û`
P(2)Q(2)=16-40+36-16+4=0 xÛ`+a+1 x-1
g(x)=xÛ`+a+1
2 1 -5 9 -8 4 g(1)=1+a+1=0
2 -6 6 -4 a=-2 b=1 ( )
1 -3 3 -2 0 aÛ`+bÛ`=5

P(x)Q(x)=(x-2)(xÜ`-3xÛ`+3x-2)
f(x)=xÜ`-3xÛ`+3x-2 f(2)=0 xÝ`+axÛ`+b (x-1)Û`
xÝ`+axÛ`+b x-1
2 1 -3 3 -2 Q(x)
2 -2 2 xÝ`+axÛ`+b=(x-1)Q(x)
1 -1 1 0 xÝ`+axÛ`+b (x-1)Û`
Q(x) x-1
P(x)Q(x)=(x-2)Û`(xÛ`-x+1)
P(x) Q(x) 1 1 0 a 0 b
1 1 a+1 a+1
P(x) Q(x) 1 1 1 a+1 a+1 a+b+1=0
P(x)=(x-2)(xÛ`-x+1) Q(x)=x-2 1 2 a+3
1 2 a+3 2a+4=0
P(x)=(x-2)(xÛ`-x+1) 2a+4=0 a=-2 a+b+1=0 b=1
=(x-2){(x-2)(x+1)+3} aÛ`+bÛ`=5
=(x-2)Û`(x+1)+3(x-2)

3(x-2)
P(x)
3x-6
{Q(x)}Û`=(x-2)Û`
201 240

x=19 y=11
19ß`-11ß` xß`-yß
=
19Ý`+19Û`_11Û`+11Ý` xÝ`+xÛ`yÛ`+yÝ`
199 =
(xÛ`-yÛ`)(xÝ`+xÛ`yÛ`+yÝ`)
xÝ`+xÛ`yÛ`+yÝ`
x+2=t
=xÛ`-yÛ`
(x+2)Ü`-3(x+2)Û`-6x-4
=(x-y)(x+y)
=(x+2)Ü`-3(x+2)Û`-6(x+2)+8
=(19-11)_(19+11)
=tÜ`-3tÛ`-6t+8
=8_30
f(t)=tÜ`-3tÛ`-6t+8
=240
f(1)=0
1 1 -3 -6 8
1 -2 -8 202
1 -2 -8 0 x=90

38

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 38 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 90Ý`+90Û`+1 xÝ`+xÛ`+1 2 1 -1 -3 2
=
90_91+1 x(x+1)+1 2 2 -2
(xÛ`-x+1)(xÛ`+x+1) yy TIP
= 1 1 -1 0
xÛ`+x+1
=xÛ`-x+1 f(x)=(x-2)(xÛ`+x-1)
=90Û`-90+1
xÜ`-xÛ`-3x+2 (x-2)(xÛ`+x-1)

I
=8011 =
xÛ`+x-1 xÛ`+x-1
TIP =x-2
xÝ`+xÛ`+1=(xÝ`+2xÛ`+1)-xÛ`=(xÛ`+1)Û`-xÛ` =1234-2
={(xÛ`+1)-x}{(xÛ`+1)+x} =1232
=(xÛ`-x+1)(xÛ`+x+1) 1+2+3+2=8

205
203 2Ú`Û`-1=(2ß`+1)(2ß`-1)
x=2+'6 x-2='6 =(2ß`+1)(2Ü`+1)(2Ü`-1)
xÛ`-4x+4=6 =65_9_7
xÛ`-4x=2 yy =3Û`_5_7_13
xÜ`-5xÛ`+5x-1 2Ú`Û`-1 30 40
xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x
5_7=35 3_13=39
f(x)=xÜ`-5xÛ`+5x-1
35+39=74
f(1)=0
1 1 -5 5 -1
1 -4 1
1 -4 1 0
206 19

f(x)=(x-1)(xÛ`-4x+1) a b c d e
f
a
xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x=x(xÛ`-5x+4)
=x(x-1)(x-4)
e
xÜ`-5xÛ`+5x-1 (x-1)(xÛ`-4x+1)
= b d
xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x x(x-1)(x-4)
c
xÛ`-4x+1 3
= = ( )
xÛ`-4x 2
f

x=2+'6 x-2='6
165
xÛ`-4x+4=6 xÛ`-4x-2=0
abc+acd+ade+abe+ f bc+ fcd+ fde+ fbe=165
xÜ`-5xÛ`+5x-1
xÛ`-4x-2
xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x
x-1 3x-3 2x-2 a(bc+cd+de+be)+ f(bc+cd+de+be)

xÜ`-5xÛ`+5x-1 (xÛ`-4x-2)(x-1)+3x-3 =(a+ f)(bc+cd+de+be)

=
xÜ`-5xÛ`+4x (xÛ`-4x-2)(x-1)+2x-2 =(a+ f){b(c+e)+d(c+e)}
0+3(x-1) =(a+ f)(c+e)(b+d)
= ( xÛ`-4x-2=0)
0+2(x-1) a b c d e f
3 a+ f c+e b+d 2
=
2
165=3_5_11
a+b+c+d+e+ f=3+5+11=19

204 8

x=1234
1234Ü`-1234Û`-3_1234+2 xÜ`-xÛ`-3x+2
207
= yy
1234Û`+1233 xÛ`+x-1 ab(a+b)=bc(b+c)+ca(c-a)
f(x)=xÜ`-xÛ`-3x+2 ab(a+b)-bc(b+c)-ca(c-a)=0
f(2)=0 a

39

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 39 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 ab(a+b)-bc(b+c)-ca(c-a) 1 1 3 -9 5
=aÛ`b+abÛ`-bÛ`c-bcÛ`-cÛ`a+caÛ` 1 4 -5
=(b+c)aÛ`+(bÛ`-cÛ`)a-bc(b+c) 1 4 -5 0
=(b+c){aÛ`+(b-c)a-bc} xÜ`+3xÛ`-9x+5=(x-1)(xÛ`+4x-5)
a b =(x-1)(x-1)(x+5)
a -c =(x-1)Û`(x+5)
=(b+c)(a+b)(a-c)=0 r(x)=x-1 h(x)=x+5
a+b+0 b+c+0 ( a>0 b>0 c>0)
a-c=0 a=c 2_p(x-1)Û`+2p(x-1)_(x+5)
a=c =2p(x-1){(x-1)+(x+5)}
=2p(x-1)(2x+4)
=4p(x-1)(x+2)

208
aÜ`-abÛ`-bÛ`c+aÛ`c+acÛ`+cÜ`=0 210
x xÜ`
aÜ`-abÛ`-bÛ`c+aÛ`c+acÛ`+cÜ` 1
=aÜ`+cÜ`-bÛ`(a+c)+ac(a+c)
=(a+c)(aÛ`-ac+cÛ`)-bÛ`(a+c)+ac(a+c) y y x
=(a+c){(aÛ`-ac+cÛ`)-bÛ`+ac} y_y_x=xyÛ`
=(a+c)(aÛ`+cÛ`-bÛ`)=0 2 xyÛ`
a b c a+c>0
aÛ`+cÛ`=bÛ` yy y yÜ`
ABC b 2
ABC 2 xÜ`-3xyÛ`+2yÜ`=xÜ`-yÜ`-3xyÛ`+3yÜ` yy TIP
1 =(x-y)(xÛ`+xy+yÛ`)-3yÛ`(x-y)
ac=2 ac=4 yy
2
=(x-y)(xÛ`+xy-2yÛ`)
3
a+c= '5b =(x-y)(x-y)(x+2y)
5
9 =(x-y)Û`(x+2y)
aÛ`+2ac+cÛ`= bÛ`
5
9
bÛ`+8= bÛ` ( ) 2 xÜ`-3xyÛ`+2yÜ`
5
5bÛ`+40=9bÛ` 4bÛ`=40 bÛ`=10 b='1Œ0`( b>0)
xÜ`-3xyÛ`+2yÜ` x
3 f(x)=xÜ`-3yÛ`x+2yÜ`
a+c= '5_'1Œ0=3'2
5 f(y)=yÜ`-3yÜ`+2yÜ`=0
ABC
(a+c)+b=3'2+'1Œ0 y 1 0 -3yÛ` 2yÜ`
y yÛ` -2yÜ`
ABC b 40 % 1 y -2yÛ` 0
b 40 % xÜ`-3xyÛ`+2yÜ`=(x-y)(xÛ`+xy-2yÛ`)
ABC 20 % =(x-y)(x-y)(x+2y)
=(x-y)Û`(x+2y)

TIP

209 xÜ`
xyÛ` 3
(xÜ`+3xÛ`-9x+5)p
yÜ` 3
r(x) h(x)
2
(xÜ`+3xÛ`-9x+5)p=p{r(x)}Û`h(x)
yÜ` 2
xÜ`+3xÛ`-9x+5={r(x)}Û`h(x) yy
2
f(x)=xÜ`+3xÛ`-9x+5
xÜ`-3_xyÛ`+2_yÛ`=xÜ`-3xyÛ`+2yÜ`
f(1)=0

40

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 40 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 1 1 0 6ab-1 n
211 1 1 6ab
n 1 1 1 6ab n+6ab=0
n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)+1
n=-6ab n 100
50
n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)+1 -6abÉ100 ab¾- yy
3

I
={n(n+3)}{(n+1)(n+2)}+1 xÜ`-(1-6ab)x+n=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+6ab)
=(nÛ`+3n)(nÛ`+3n+2)+1 (x-1)(xÛ`+x+6ab)=(x-1)(x-2a)(x-3b)
nÛ`+3n=X
(nÛ`+3n)(nÛ`+3n+2)+1 -2a-3b=1 2a+3b=-1 yy
=X(X+2)+1=(X+1)Û`=(nÛ`+3n+1)Û`
nÛ`+3n+1 a b
1 a=4 b=-3 2_4+3_(-3)=-1
50
ab=-12¾-
n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)+1=(nÛ`+3n+1)Û` 3
n=11 a=1 b=-1 2_1+3_(-1)=-1
'Ä11_12_13_14+1="Ã(11Û`+3_11+1)Û` 50
ab=-1¾-
3
=121+33+1=155
a=-2 b=1 2_(-2)+3_1=-1
50
ab=-2¾-
n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)+1 30 % 3
(nÛ`+3n+1)Û` 50 % a=-5 b=3 2_(-5)+3_3=-1
'Ä11_12_13_14+1 20 % 50
ab=-15¾-
3
n ab=-1 n=-6_(-1)=6
ab=-15 n=-6_(-15)=90
212 8 6+90=96

xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+3
xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+3=(x+p)(x+q)(x+r) (p q r )
pqr=3
214
Ú (x+1)(x+1)(x+3)
(kÜ`+2kÛ`+3k+2)Ö(kÛ`+4k+3)
(x+1)Û`(x+3)=xÜ`+5xÛ`+7x+3
kÜ`+2kÛ`+3k+2
a=5 b=7 yy
kÛ`+4k+3
a+b=12 f(k)=kÜ`+2kÛ`+3k+2 f(-1)=-1+2-3+2=0
Û (x+1)(x-1)(x-3)
(x+1)(x-1)(x-3)=xÜ`-3xÛ`-x+3 -1 1 2 3 2
a=-3 b=-1 -1 -1 -2
a+b=-4 1 1 2 0
Ü (x-1)(x-1)(x+3)
kÜ`+2kÛ`+3k+2=(k+1)(kÛ`+k+2)
(x-1)Û`(x+3)=xÜ`+xÛ`-5x+3
kÜ`+2kÛ`+3k+2 (k+1)(kÛ`+k+2)
a=1 b=-5 =
kÛ`+4k+3 (k+3)(k+1)
a+b=-4 kÛ`+k+2
=
Ú Ü a+b M=12 m=-4 k+3
M+m=8 (k+3)(k-2)+8
=
k+3
8
=k-2+
k+3
213 96
k k-2+
8
k+3
xÜ`-(1-6ab)x+n x-1 8
f(x)=xÜ`-(1-6ab)x+n k+3
f(1)=0 8 1 2 4 8 k+3 1 2 4 8
-1 -2 -4 -8

41

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 41 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 8 8
k=-2 =8 k=1 =2
-2+3 1+3 (n+2)(n+1) yy
8 8 1`cm
k=5 =1 k=-4 =-8
5+3 -4+3
nÜ`+6nÛ`+bn+7-1 nÜ`+6nÛ`+bn+6 n+2
8 8
k=-5 =-4 k=-7 =-2 g(n)=nÜ`+6nÛ`+bn+6
-5+3 -7+3
8 g(-2)=-8+24-2b+6=0 b=11
k=-11 =-1 k
-11+3 g(n)=nÜ`+6nÛ`+11n+6 g(-2)=0
(-2)+1+5+(-4)+(-5)+(-7)+(-11)=-23
-2 1 6 11 6
-2 -8 -6
215 1 4 3 0
nÜ`+6nÛ`+11n+6=(n+2)(nÛ`+4n+3)
{P(x)}Ü`+{Q(x)}Ü`=12xÝ`+24xÜ`+12xÛ`+16 yy
=(n+2)(n+1)(n+3)

{P(x)}Ü`+{Q(x)}Ü`
(n+1)(n+3) yy
={P(x)+Q(x)}Ü`-3P(x)Q(x){P(x)+Q(x)}
P(x)+Q(x)=4
(n+2)(n+1)_(n+1)(n+3)=(n+1)Û`(n+2)(n+3)
{P(x)}Ü`+{Q(x)}Ü`=4Ü`-3_4_P(x)Q(x)
=64-12P(x)Q(x)

64-12P(x)Q(x)=12xÝ`+24xÜ`+12xÛ`+16 217
-12P(x)Q(x)=12xÝ`+24xÜ`+12xÛ`-48
aÜ`+bÜ`-cÜ`-(b-c)aÛ`-(c+a)bÛ`-(a-b)cÛ`
-P(x)Q(x)=xÝ`+2xÜ`+xÛ`-4
=aÛ`(a-b+c)-bÛ`(a-b+c)-cÛ`(a-b+c)
-P(1)Q(1)=0 -P(-2)Q(-2)=0
=(a-b+c)(aÛ`-bÛ`-cÛ`)=0 yy

1 1 2 1 0 -4
b<a+c
1 3 4 4
a-b+c>0 a-b+c+0
-2 1 3 4 4 0
aÛ`-bÛ`-cÛ`=0 aÛ`=bÛ`+cÛ`
-2 -2 -4
a
1 1 2 0
b c
-P(x)Q(x)=(x-1)(x+2)(xÛ`+x+2)
1
=(xÛ`+x-2)(xÛ`+x+2) bc
2
P(x)+Q(x)=4 P(x)

P(x) Q(x)
P(x)=-xÛ`-x+2 Q(x)=xÛ`+x+2 218
P(2)+Q(3)=(-2Û`-2+2)+(3Û`+3+2) 1 1
=-4+14=10 xÝ`+2axÜ`+bxÛ`+2ax+1=xÛ`[{xÛ`+ }+2a{x+ }+b] 
xÛ` x
1 1
=xÛ`[{x+ }Û`+2a{x+ }+b-2]
x x
216 a=2 b=6
1 Û` 1 1
3`cm xÛ`[{x+ } +4{x+ }+4]=xÛ`{x+ +2}Û`
x x x
nÜ`+anÛ`+8n+7-3 nÜ`+anÛ`+8n+4 n+2
=(xÛ`+2x+1)Û`
f(n)=nÜ`+anÛ`+8n+4
=(x+1)Ý`
f(-2)=-8+4a-16+4=0 a=5
N(2 6)=4
f(n)=nÜ`+5nÛ`+8n+4 f(-2)=0
a=0 b=-2
1 Û` 1 1
-2 1 5 8 4 xÛ`[{x+ } -4]=xÛ`{x+ +2}{x+ -2} 
x x x
-2 -6 -4 =(xÛ`+2x+1)(xÛ`-2x+1)
1 3 2 0 =(x+1)Û`(x-1)Û`
nÜ`+5nÛ`+8n+4=(n+2)(nÛ`+3n+2) N(0 -2)=4
=(n+2)Û`(n+1) N(2 6)+N(0 -2)=8 ( )

42

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 42 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 a=k b=2
1 Û` 1 1 1 x
xÛ`[{x+ } +2k{x+ }]=xÛ`{x+ }{x+ +2k} 
x x x x Ú Û |N| x x=-4
=(xÛ`+1)(xÛ`+2kx+1) x=-3 x=6 p=3 |N|
N(k 2)=2 xÛ`+2kx+1 q=71
p+q=3+71=74

I
k=1 k=-1 ( ) yy TIP
b=aÛ`+2
1 Û` 1 1
xÛ`[{x+ } +2a{x+ }+aÛ`]=xÛ`{x+ +a}Û`
x x x 220
=(xÛ`+ax+1)Û`
N(a b)=4 xÛ`=t xÝ`-axÛ`+36=tÛ`-at+36
a=2 a=-2 t
a -4 ( )
tÛ`-at+36=(t-1)(t-36)
tÛ`-at+36=(t-2)(t-18)
TIP
tÛ`-at+36=(t-3)(t-12)
xÛ`+2kx+1 1 tÛ`-at+36=(t-4)(t-9)
xÛ`+2kx+1=(x+1)Û` xÛ`+2kx+1=(x-1)Û` tÛ`-at+36=(t-6)Û`
5 ( a>0 m n
x k=1 k=-1 (t+m)(t+n) )
(t-m)(t-n)=(xÛ`-m)(xÛ`-n)
x
m n

219 74
(t-1)(t-36)=(xÛ`-1)(xÛ`-36)
N=xÝ`-25xÛ`-50x-25 =(x+1)(x-1)(x+6)(x-6)
=xÝ`-25(xÛ`+2x+1) =xÝ`-37xÛ`+36
=(xÛ`)Û`-{5(x+1)}Û` (t-4)(t-9)=(xÛ`-4)(xÛ`-9)
=(xÛ`+5x+5)(xÛ`-5x-5) =(x+2)(x-2)(x+3)(x-3)
|N| =xÝ`-13xÛ`+36
xÛ`+5x+5 1 -1 a 37 13
xÛ`-5x-5 Ñ( ) 37+13=50
xÛ`-5x-5 1 -1
xÛ`+5x+5 Ñ( )
Ú xÛ`+5x+5 1 -1 xÛ`-5x-5 Ñ( )
xÛ`+5x+5=1 xÛ`+5x+4=(x+4)(x+1)=0 221 40

x=-4 x=-1 nÝ`+2nÛ`-3=(nÛ`-1)(nÛ`+3)

x=-4 xÛ`-5x-5=16+20-5=31 |N|=31 =(n-1)(n+1)(nÛ`+3)
x=-1 xÛ`-5x-5=1+5-5=1 |N|=1 =(n-1)(nÜ`+nÛ`+3n+3)
=(n-1){(n-2)(nÛ`+3n+9)+21}
xÛ`+5x+5=-1 xÛ`+5x+6=(x+2)(x+3)=0 =(n-1)(n-2)(nÛ`+3n+9)+21(n-1) yy
x=-2 x=-3 (n-1)(n-2)(nÛ`+3n+9) (n-1)(n-2)
x=-2 xÛ`-5x-5=4+10-5=9 |N|=9 (n-1)(n-2)
21(n-1) (n-1)(n-2)
x=-3 xÛ`-5x-5=9+15-5=19 |N|=19 n-2>0 n-2 21
Û xÛ`-5x-5 1 -1 xÛ`+5x+5 Ñ( ) 21 1 3 7 21
xÛ`-5x-5=1 xÛ`-5x-6=(x-6)(x+1)=0 n-2=21 n=23
x=6 x=-1 n-2=7 n=9
x=6 xÛ`+5x+5=36+30+5=71 |N|=71 n-2=3 n=5
x=-1 xÛ`+5x+5=1-5+5=1 |N|=1 n-2=1 n=3
n
xÛ`-5x-5=-1 xÛ`-5x-4=0 23+9+5+3=40

43

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 43 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 =aÜ`(b-c)-a(b-c)(bÛ`+bc+cÛ`)+bc(b-c)(b+c)
222 =(b-c){aÜ`-a(bÛ`+bc+cÛ`)+bc(b+c)}
x =(b-c)(aÜ`-abÛ`-abc-acÛ`+bÛ`c+bcÛ`)
xÛ`-yÛ`-ax-by-2=xÛ`-ax-(yÛ`+by+2) yy =(b-c){(bÛ`c-abÛ`)+(bcÛ`-abc)-(acÛ`-aÜ`)}
x y =(b-c){bÛ`(c-a)+bc(c-a)-a(c-a)(c+a)}
x =(b-c)(c-a){bÛ`+cb-a(c+a)}
b c+a
Ú yÛ`+by+2=(y+1)(y+2)=yÛ`+3y+2 b -a
y b=3 =(b-c)(c-a)(b-a)(a+b+c)
=(b-c)(a-c)(a-b)(a+b+c)
xÛ`-ax-(y+1)(y+2)={x-(y+1)}{x+(y+2)} 138=2_3_23
=xÛ`+x-(y+1)(y+2) (b-c)(a-c)(a-b)(a+b+c)=1_2_3_23
x a=-1 a b c 10 a+b+c=23
xÛ`-ax-(y+1)(y+2)={x+(y+1)}{x-(y+2)} a>b>c
=xÛ`-x-(y+1)(y+2) a-c=3 a-b=2 b-c=1 a-b=1 b-c=2
x a=1 a b c a=9 b=8 c=6
Û yÛ`+by+2=(y-1)(y-2)=yÛ`-3y+2 aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=9Û`+8Û`+6Û`=181
y b=-3

xÛ`-ax-(y-1)(y-2)={x-(y-1)}{x+(y-2)}
=xÛ`-x-(y-1)(y-2)
x a=1
xÛ`-ax-(y-1)(y-2)={x+(y-1)}{x-(y-2)} 224 98

=xÛ`+x-(y-1)(y-2) P(x) x-a

x a=-1 P(a)=0
Ú Û a+b P(a)=aÝ`-250aÛ`+b=0 b=250aÛ`-aÝ` yy
a=-1 b=3 a+b=2 b b=250aÛ`-aÝ`=aÛ`(250-aÛ`)>0
a=1 b=3 a+b=4 a 1 2 3 y 15 yy
a=1 b=-3 a+b=-2 P(x)
a=-1 b=-3 a+b=-4 P(x)=xÝ`-250xÛ`+250aÛ`-aÝ`
a+b P(-a)=0
a 1 0 -250 0 250aÛ`-aÝ`
xÛ`-yÛ`-ax-by-2 a aÛ` -250a+aÜ` -250aÛ`+aÝ`
-a 1 a -250+aÛ` -250a+aÜ` 0
-a 0 250a-aÜ`
xÛ`-yÛ`-ax-by-2=(x+y+CÁ)(x-y+Cª) (CÁ Cª )
1 0 -250+aÛ` 0

xÛ`-yÛ`-ax-by-2=xÛ`-yÛ`+(CÁ+Cª)x-(CÁ-Cª)y+CÁCª
a=-CÁ-Cª b=CÁ-Cª P(x)=(x-a)(x+a)(xÛ`-250+aÛ`)
a+b=-2Cª yy =(x-a)(x+a){xÛ`-(250-aÛ`)}
CÁCª=-2
CÁ Cª (CÁ Cª) (1 -2) (2 -1) xÛ`-(250-aÛ`)
(-2 1) (-1 2) 4
a+b -4 -2 2 4 xÛ`-(250-aÛ`)
a+b 250-aÛ` 250=5Û`+15Û`=9Û`+13Û`
a=5 a=9 a=13 a=15 250-aÛ`
a 15 a=5 a=9 a=13
a=15 P(x)
223 181
p=15-4=11
ab(aÛ`-bÛ`)+bc(bÛ`-cÛ`)+ca(cÛ`-aÛ`)=138 a 14 b
q=14Û`(250-14Û`)=14Û`_54
aÜ`b-abÜ`+bÜ`c-bcÜ`+acÜ`-aÜ`c q 14Û`_54
= =98
=aÜ`(b-c)-a(bÜ`-cÜ`)+bc(bÛ`-cÛ`) 9(p+1) 9(11+1)

44

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 44 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 225 3 TIP

P(x12)=x24+x12+1 3 n
n n-1
={(xÜ`)¡`-1}+{(xÜ`)Ý`-1}+3 x +1=(x+1)(x -xn-2+xn-3-y-x+1)

=(xÜ`-1){(xÜ`)à`+(xÜ`)ß`+(xÜ`)Þ`+y+xÜ`+1}
+(xÜ`-1){(xÜ`)Ü`+(xÜ`)Û`+xÜ`+1}+3

I
xÜ`-1=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=(x-1)P(x) 2 n

xÜ`-1 P(x) xn-1=(x-1)(xn-1+xn-2+xn-3+y+x+1) yy

P(x12) P(x) 3 x
n 3
x -x
-x -1=(-x-1)(xn-1-xn-2+xn-3-y-x+1)
n

xn+1=(x+1)(xn-1-xn-2+xn-3-y-x+1)

226
x27+x26+x24+x23+x+3
=x27+x26+x25+x24+x23-x25+x+3
=x23(xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1)-x25+x+3
=x23(xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1)-(x25-1)+x+2
23
228 126
=x (xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1)
O-ABCD
-(xÞ`-1)(x20+x15+x10+xÞ`+1)+x+2 yy TIP
1 '2 '2
=x23(xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1) _aÛ`_ a= aÜ` yy TIP
3 2 6
20 15 10
-(x-1)(xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1)(x +x +x +xÞ`+1)+x+2 O-EFGH
=(xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1){x23-(x-1)(x20+x15+x10+xÞ`+1)} 1 '2 '2
_bÛ`_ b= bÜ`
+x+2 3 2 6
x+2 O-ABCD O-EFGH 2'2
'2 '2 '2
TIP 6
aÜ`+
6
bÜ`=
6
(aÜ`+bÜ`)=2'2
x25-1 xÞ`=t aÜ`+bÜ`=12 yy
25
x -1=tÞ`-1=(t-1)(tÝ`+tÜ`+tÛ`+t+1) F AB I
x25-1=(xÞ`-1)(x20+x15+x10+xÞ`+1) BFI FBI=60ù
'3 '3 1 1
FIÓ= FBÓ= (a-b) BIÓ= FBÓ= (a-b)
2 2 2 2
1 1
AIÓ=ABÓ-BIÓ=a- (a-b)= (a+b)
2 2
FAI
AFÓ Û`=FIÓ Û`+AIÓ Û`
227 '3 1
f(x)=x10-2xÞ`-3 =[ (a-b)]Û`+[ (a+b)]Û`
2 2
f(x) x+1 3 1
= (aÛ`-2ab+bÛ`)+ (aÛ`+2ab+bÛ`)
f(-1)=1-2_(-1)-3=0 4 4
x10-2xÞ`-3 x+1 Q(x) =aÛ`-ab+bÛ`=4 yy
x10-2xÞ`-3=(x+1)Q(x) yy
xÞ`=X aÜ`+bÜ`=(a+b)(aÛ`-ab+bÛ`)=(a+b)_4=12
10
x -2xÞ`-3=XÛ`-2X-3=(X+1)(X-3) a+b=3 yy
=(xÞ`+1)(xÞ`-3) aÛ`-ab+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-3ab=3Û`-3ab=4
=(x+1)(xÝ`-xÜ`+xÛ`-x+1)(xÞ`-3) yy TIP 5
ab= yy
3

(x+1)(xÝ`-xÜ`+xÛ`-x+1)(xÞ`-3)=(x+1)Q(x)
5 7
Q(x)=(xÝ`-xÜ`+xÛ`-x+1)(xÞ`-3) (a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab=3Û`-4_ =
3 3
Q(x) x+1 '¶21
a-b= yy
3
Q(-1)={1-(-1)+1-(-1)+1}_(-1-3) ABFE OAB
=-20 OEF

45

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 45 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 '3 '3
S= aÛ`- bÛ`
4 4
'3
= (aÛ`-bÛ`)
4
'3
= (a+b)(a-b)
4

=
'3
4
_3_
'¶21
3
( ) 01
3
= '7
4

32_SÛ`=32_
63
16
=126 229
TIP a+bi (a b ) b=0
2+3i 3
a O-ABCD
O O' a 0 b a+bi
O' AC
O

A C
230 5+2i 1 -1
O'
(1+i)Û`+(1+2i)(1-2i)=(1+2i+iÛ`)+{1Û`-(2i)Û`}
B
=(1+2i-1)+{1-(-4)}
OAÓ=OCÓ=a ABCD ACÓ='2a
=5+2i
OAC AOC=90ù
2 2(1+i) 2(1+i) 2(1+i)
1 '2 = = = =1+i
OO'Ó=AO'Ó= ACÓ= a 1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1-iÛ` 2
2 2
1-i (1-i)Û` 1-2i+iÛ`
O-ABCD = =
1+i (1+i)(1-i) 1-iÛ`
1 '2 '2 1-2i-1 -2i
_aÛ`_ a= aÜ` = = =-i
3 2 6 1-(-1) 2
2 1-i
+ =(1+i)+(-i)=1
1-i 1+i
1+i (1+i)Û` 1+2i+iÛ`
= =
1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1-iÛ`
1+2i-1 2i
= = =i
1-(-1) 2
1+i
{ }2`=iÛ`=-1
1-i

231
1+i (1+i)Û` 1+2i-1
a= = = =i
1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1-(-1)
1-i (1-i)Û` 1-2i-1
b= = = =-i
1+i (1+i)(1-i) 1-(-1)
2aÛ`+bÛ` 2iÛ`+(-i)Û`
= =-3
ab i_(-i)

1+i 1-i
a= b=
1-i 1+i
1+i 1+2i-1 2i
aÛ`={ }2`= = =-1
1-i 1-2i-1 -2i
1-i 1-2i-1 -2i
bÛ`={ }2`= = =-1
1+i 1+2i-1 2i
1+i 1-i
ab= _ =1
1-i 1+i

46

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 2aÛ`+bÛ` 2_(-1)+(-1)
ab
=
1
=-3 236
aÜ`-aÛ`b-abÛ`+bÜ`=aÛ`(a-b)-bÛ`(a-b)
=(aÛ`-bÛ`)(a-b)
232 =(a+b)(a-b)Û` yy
a+b=(1+2i)+(1-2i)=2
f(x)=xÜ`+xÛ`+x-3 f(1)=0
a-b=(1+2i)-(1-2i)=4i

1 1 1 1 -3
(a+b)(a-b)Û`=2_(4i)Û`=-32
1 2 3
1 2 3 0
xÜ`+xÛ`+x-3=(x-1)(xÛ`+2x+3) 237
xÛ`+2x+3=0
2 2(1-i)
x=-1Ñ"Ã1Û`-3=-1Ñ'2i x= = =1-i
1+i (1+i)(1-i)

II
xÛ`+2x+3={(x-(-1+'2i)}{(x-(-1-'2i)} 2 2(1+i)
y= = =1+i
=(x+1-'2i)(x+1+'2i) 1-i (1-i)(1+i)
x+y=(1-i)+(1+i)=2
xÜ`+xÛ`+x-3=(x-1)(x+1-'2i)(x+1+'2i) xy=(1-i)(1+i)=2
xÜ`+yÜ`=(x+y)Ü`-3xy(x+y)
=2Ü`-3_2_2=-4

233 x=
2
=
2(1-i)
=1-i
1+i (1+i)(1-i)
(3+i)a-2bi=6-4i
2 2(1+i)
3a+(a-2b)i=6-4i y= = =1+i
1-i (1-i)(1+i)
xÜ`=(1-i)Ü`=1-3i-3+i=-2-2i
3a=6 a-2b=-4 a=2 b=3 yÜ`=(1+i)Ü`=1+3i-3-i=-2+2i
a+b=2+3=5 xÜ`+yÜ`=(-2-2i)+(-2+2i)=-4

2 2
234 6 x=
1+i
y=
1-i
(1-i)Û`=1-2i-1=-2i x=1-i y=1+i
(1+i)Û`=1+2i-1=2i
(1+i)Ý`=(2i)Û`=-4
(1-i)Û`-a(1+i)Ý`=-2i-a_(-4)=4a-2i
4a-2i=16+bi 238
z=(1+i)xÛ`-(1-i)x-2i
4a=16 a=4 b=-2
z=(xÛ`-x)+(xÛ`+x-2)i
a-b=4-(-2)=6
=x(x-1)+(x+2)(x-1)i
( )=x(x-1) yy
( )=(x+2)(x-1) yy
235 21
z
a b a(1+i) b(1-i) x=-2 x=1
+ = +
1-i 1+i (1-i)(1+i) (1+i)(1-i) x=1 0 z=0
a(1+i) b(1-i) z 0 x -2
= +
2 2
a+b a-b TIP
+ i=5+2i
2 2 z=(1+i)xÛ`-(1-i)x-2i
x=1 z=0 ( )
a+b a-b x=-2 z=6 ( )
=5 =2
2 2
x=0 z=-2i ( )
a+b=10 a-b=4 a=7 b=3
x z
ab=7_3=21

47

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 47 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 z=a+bi (a b ) 0
241
0 z=bi z=a+bi (a b )
z z=
® a-bi
z+z=® (a+bi)+(a-bi)=2a
z+z® ( )
z-z®=(a+bi)-(a-bi)=2bi
z-z® 0 ( )
239 a=0 b+0 a=b=0 a+0 b=0
zz®=(a+bi)(a-bi)=aÛ`+bÛ`¾0
z=a+bi (a b ) zz® 0 ( )
zÛ`=(a+bi)Û`=aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi yy z=z® a+bi=a-bi b=-b b=0
zÛ` z=a z ( )
aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi<0 z=-z® a+bi=-(a-bi)=-a+bi
aÛ`-bÛ`<0 2ab=0 a=-a a=0
Ú a=0 -bÛ`<0 b+0 z=bi z 0 ( )
Û b=0 aÛ`<0 a
yy TIP
TIP
Ú Û a=0 b+0 z
z z®
zÛ`=0
z+z® zz® z-z® 0
aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi=0
aÛ`-bÛ`=0 2ab=0
a=b=0 z=0
zÛ`
aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi>0
242
aÛ`-bÛ`>0 2ab=0 z=a+bi (a b )
Ú a=0 -bÛ`>0 b z z=
® a-bi
Û b=0 aÛ`>0 a+0 z+z®=(a+bi)+(a-bi)=2a `
Ú Û a+0 b=0 zz®=(a+bi)(a-bi)=aÛ`+bÛ` `0
z 0 ( z 0 )
z-z®=(a+bi)-(a-bi)=2bi `0
TIP (1+z)(1+z®)=1+(z+z®)+zz®=1+2a+aÛ`+bÛ`
x xÛ`¾0
xÛ`<0 x 1 1 z+z® 2a
+ = =
z z® zz® aÛ`+bÛ`
zÛ`-z® `Û =(z+z®)(z-z®)=2a_2bi=4abi
0
z
(z-z)® Û`=(2bi)Û`=-4bÛ`
z=0 zÛ`=0 zÛ`=0 z=0
z 0 zÛ`>0 zÛ`>0 z 0

z zÛ`<0 zÛ`<0 z
243
z=a+bi (a b ) z=
® a-bi
z+z=® (a+bi)+(a-bi)=2a=6 a=3

240 zz®=(a+bi)(a-bi)=aÛ`+bÛ`=9+bÛ`=11
bÛ`=2 b=Ñ'2
z=2-3i z=® 2+3i z=3Ñ'2i
z+z®=(2-3i)+(2+3i)=4 ( )
z-z=® (2-3i)-(2+3i)=-6i ( )
zz®=(2-3i)(2+3i)=13 ( )
z 2-3i -5-12i
244
= = ( )
z® 2+3i 13 z=a+bi (a b ) z=
® a-bi
zÛ`=(2-3i)Û`=-5-12i ( ) z=a-bi
® z z®®=z ( )
zz®Õ=z® z®®=z®z ( )

48

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 48 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 z+z= Ó® z+z
® ®=
® z+z
® ( )
z-z®Ó=z®-z®®=z®-z ( ) (zÁ-2)(zª+2)=zÁzª+2(zÁ-zª)-4
z z z
É{ }= ® = ® ( ) =(1+5i)+2(2-3i)-4
z® z®® z
=1-i
3
(zÁÕ-2)(zªÕ+2)=(zÁ-2)(zª+2)Ó
TIP =1-i Ó=1+i
0 z w z® wÕ

z®=
® z zw=z
Ó ® wÕ z+w=
Ó z®+wÕ z-w=
z z®
Ó z®-wÕ {É w }= w 248
Õ
z=z® z
z=x-4+(xÛ`+2x-24)i
=(x-4)+(x+6)(x-4)i
245 0 x=-6 x=4

II
z+0 0 x+4
z=1-i z®=1+i
x=-6
z+z®=(1-i)+(1+i)=2
zz=
® (1-i)(1+i)=1-(-1)=2
z+1 z®+1 1 1
z
+
z®
=1+ +1+
z z® 249
z+z® z+z®=0 z
=2+
zz®
z=xÛ`-(3+i)x+2+i
2
=2+ =3 =(xÛ`-3x+2)-(x-1)i
2
=(x-1)(x-2)-(x-1)i
(x-1)(x-2)=0 x-1+0 x=2
z+1 (1-i)+1 2-i 3+i
= = = a=2 b=-i
z 1-i 1-i 2
z+
® 1 =É{ z+1 }= 3-i a+b=2-i
z® z 2
z+1 z+ 1 3+i 3-i
+ ® = + =3
z z® 2 2
250
z=a+bi (a b ) z=® a-bi
246 26 (1+i)z+i z=(1+i)(a+bi)+i(a-bi)
®
=a+bi+ai-b+ai+b
aa®-ab®-a®b+bb® =a+(2a+b)i
=a(a®-b®)-b(a®-b®)=(a-b)(a®-b®) =3+8i
a-b=(3-2i)-(2+3i)=1-5i
a®-b®=a-bÓ=1+5i a=3 2a+b=8 a=3 b=2
(a-b)(a®-b®)=(1-5i)(1+5i)=1+25=26 z=3+2i
TIP
aa®-ab®-a®b+bb®
a=3-2i b=2+3i a®=3+2i b®=2-3i 251
a® Û`+b® Û`=5-2i ¹a® Û`+b® Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`=5+2i
a+b=4-i
(a+b)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+2ab
(4-i)Û`=(5+2i)+2ab
2ab=10-10i ab=5-5i
247 a® b®=abÓ=5+5i
zÁ-
Õ zª=
Õ zÁ-zª=
Ó 2-3iÓ=2+3i ab+a® b®=(5-5i)+(5+5i)
zÁÕ zªÕ=zÁzªÓ=1+5iÓ=1-5i =10
(zÁÕ-2)(zªÕ+2)=zÁÕ zªÕ+2(zÁÕ-zªÕ)-4
TIP
=(1-5i)+2(2+3i)-4
z w zwÓ=z® wÕ z® Ç`=zÇ`Õ
=1+i

49

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 49 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 =-i+(-i)Û`+(-i)Ü`+y+(-i)Þ`â`
252 =(-i-1+i+1)+(-i-1+i+1)
iÛ`=-1 iÜ`=-i iÝ`=1 iÞ`=i y +y+(-i-1+i+1)-i-1
n iÇ` =iÇ` ±Ý` =12_(-i-1+i+1)-i-1
1+i+iÛ`+iÜ`+y+iÚ`â` =-1-i
=(1+i+iÛ`+iÜ`)+(iÝ`+iÞ`+iß`+ià`)+i¡`+iá`+iÚ`â` a=-1 b=-1
={1+i+(-1)+(-i)}+{1+i+(-1)+(-i)} a+b=(-1)+(-1)=-2
+1+i+(-1)
=i

258
253 1+i (1+i)(1+i) 1+2i-1
= = =i
iÛ`=-1 iÜ`=-i iÝ`=1 iÞ`=i y 1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1-(-1)
n iÇ` =iÇ` ±Ý` 1-i (1-i)(1-i) 1-2i-1
= = =-i
1+i (1+i)(1-i) 1-(-1)
iÛ`+3iÝ`+5iß`+7i¡`+9iÚ`â`+11iÚ`Û`
2i+4iÜ`+6iÞ`+8ià`+10iá`+12iÚ`Ú` 1+i 1-i 1+i 1-i
+{ }2`+{ }3`+{ }4`
1-i 1+i 1-i 1+i
(-1+3)+(-5+7)+(-9+11)
= 1+i 1-i
(2i-4i)+(6i-8i)+(10i-12i) +y+{ }2``9 +{ }3``0
1-i 1+i
2+2+2
= ={i+(-i)Û`+iÜ`+(-i)Ý`}
(-2i)+(-2i)+(-2i)
6 +y+{iÛ``Þ +(-i)Û``ß +iÛ``à +(-i)Û``¡ }+iÛ``á +(-i)Ü``â
= =i
-6i =-1+i

254
1+i (1+i)(1+i) 1+2i-1 259
= = =i
1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1-(-1) -1+'3i
z=
1-i (1-i)(1-i) 1-2i-1 2
= = =-i
1+i (1+i)(1-i) 1-(-1) -1+'3i 2` -2-2'3i -1-'3i
zÛ`={ }= =
1+i 1-i 1+i 1-i 2 4 2
{ }2`n`+{ }2`n`=[{ }2`]n`+[{ }2`]n`
1-i 1+i 1-i 1+i -1+'3i -1-'3i 1-(-3)
zÜ`=z_zÛ`= _ = =1
=(iÛ`)Ç`+{(-i)Û`}Ç` 2 2 4
=(-1)Ç`+(-1)Ç` n zÇ`=zÇ` ±Ü` yy
=-2 ( n ) -1+'3i -1-'3i
z+zÛ`+zÜ`= + +1=0
2 2
z+zÛ`+zÜ`+y+zÝ`â`
255 =(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+(zÝ`+zÞ`+zß`)+y+(zÜ`à`+zÜ`¡`+zÜ`á`)+zÝ`â`
zÜ`=1-i z® `Ü =zÜ`=
Õ 1-iÓ=1+i =(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+y+(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+z ( )
z® `ß =(z® `Ü )Û`=(1+i)Û`=2i z® Ú`Û`=(z® ß`)Û`=(2i)Û`=-4 -1+'3i
=z=
2
z® Û`Ý`=(z® Ú`Û`)Û`=(-4)Û`=16

-1+'3i
256 z=
2
2z=-1+'3i

z=1+i 2z+1='3i

zÛ`=(1+i)Û`=2i
z100=(zÛ`)Þ`â`=(2i)Þ`â`=2Þ`â`_(iÝ`)Ú`Û`_iÛ`=-2Þ`â` 4zÛ`+4z+1=-3 zÛ`+z+1=0 yy

z® 100=z100=
Ó -2Þ`â` z-1
100 100
z +z® =(-2Þ`â`)+(-2Þ`â`)=-2Þ`Ú` (z-1)(zÛ`+z+1)=0 zÜ`=1
n zÇ`=zÇ` ±Ü` yy
z+zÛ`+zÜ`+y+zÝ`â`
257 =(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+(zÝ`+zÞ`+zß`)+y+(zÜ`à`+zÜ`¡`+zÜ`á`)+zÝ`â`
1 =(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+y+(z+zÛ`+zÜ`)+z ( )
=-i
i =z ( )
1 1 1 1 -1+'3i
+ + +y+ =
i iÛ` iÜ` iÞ`â` 2

50

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 50 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 260
'¶-4 '4i '4
= = ='2 ( ) a+b=9 ab=-36
'¶-2 '2i '2
'§a "Åb a+b a+b 9 3
'¶-9 '9i + = = = =- i
= ='3i ( ) "Åb '§a '§a"Åb '§ab 6i 2
'3 '3
'¶-2'¶-5='2i'5i=-'1Œ0 ( )
'Ä-12-'¶-3=2'3i-'3i='3i ( ) 264
'8 '8 2
= = =-2i ( ) 'a'b=-'¶ab a<0 b<0
'¶-2 '2i i
'a-'¶-b '¶-a
'a-'¶-b -'a-'¶-b

'¶-4 -4
=®É ='2 ( )
'¶-2 -2
265

II
'¶-9 -9
=®É ='¶-3='3i ( ) 'b b
'3 3 =-® a<0 b>0
'a a
'¶-2'¶-5=-"Ã(-2)_(-5)=-'1Œ0 ( )
a
'8 8 -a>0 <0 aÛ`b>0
=-®É =-'¶-4=-2i ( ) b
'¶-2 -2
a
'¶-a+® +"aÛ`b
b
a
'¶-a+"aÛ`b ®É-
b
261
a<0 b>0
'b
'a
=-®
b
a
266
'4 a>b>0 -a<0 a-b>0 b-a<0
4
®É =- '¶-a 'Äa-b -a a-b
-1 '¶-1 - =®É +®É ='¶-1+'¶-1
'a 'Äb-a a b-a
=i+i=2i

262 a>b>0 b-a<0

'¶-a 'Äa-b 'ai 'Äa-b
'¶-6'8 '3Œ2 - = -
'¶-2'¶-8+ + 'a 'Äb-a 'a 'Äa-bi
'¶-3 '¶-2
1
-6 32 =i- =i-(-i)=2i
=-"Ã(-2)_(-8)+®É _'8-®É i
-3 -2
=-'1Œ6+'2_2'2-'Ä-16
=-4+4-4i=-4i
267
xÛ`-3x+3=0 a b
'¶-6'8 '3Œ2 aÛ`-3a+3=0 bÛ`-3b+3=0
'¶-2'¶-8+ +
'¶-3 '¶-2
aÛ`-3a=-3 bÛ`-3b=-3
'6i_2'2 4'2
='2i_2'2i+ + 2+9b-3bÛ` 2-3(bÛ`-3b)
'3i '2i =
2aÛ`-6a+9 2(aÛ`-3a)+9
=-4+4-4i=-4i 2-3_(-3) 11
= =
2_(-3)+9 3

263 268 1 2 1
xÛ`-9x-36=0 (x+3)(x-12)=0
xÛ`+(2k-1)x+kÛ`-2=0 D
x=-3 x=12
D¾0
a=-3 b=12
'§a "Åb '¶-3 '1Œ2 D=(2k-1)Û`-4(kÛ`-2)=-4k+9¾0
-3 12
+ = + =®É -®É 9
"Åb '§
a '1Œ 2 '¶ - 3 12 -3 kÉ
4
i 3
= -2i=- i k 1 2
2 2

51

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 51 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 (1+kÛ`)xÛ`-2(1+k)x+2=0 D xÛ`+2x-4=0
D¾0 x=-1-'5 ( x<-1)
D Ú Û
=(1+k)Û`-2(1+kÛ`)=-(k-1)Û`¾0
4 4+(-1-'5)=3-'5
(k-1)Û`É0
k (k-1)Û`¾0 k-1=0
k=1
273
xÛ`+2x+a-2=0 DÁ
269
xÛ`-4ax+4aÛ`+a+3=0 D DÁ
=1Û`-(a-2)¾0 aÉ3 yy
4
D<0
xÛ`-4x+3a+10=0 Dª
D
=(-2a)Û`-(4aÛ`+a+3)<0
4
-a-3<0 a>-3 Dª
=(-2)Û`-(3a+10)¾0 3aÉ-6 aÉ-2 yy
4
a -2
-2<aÉ3
xÛ`+2x+a-2=0
xÛ`-4ax+4aÛ`+a+3=0 (x-2a)Û`=-a-3 xÛ`-4x+3a+10=0
-2<aÉ3 a
-a-3<0 a>-3 (-1)+0+1+2+3=5
a -2

270 274
k+0 -3xÛ`+6x+1=0 a b
kxÛ`-2kx+3=0 yy
D D=0 1
a+b=2 ab=-
3
D
=kÛ`-3k=0 k(k-3)=0 a+b=2 ( )
4
k=3 ( k+0) 1
ab=- ( )
3
k=3
aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab
3xÛ`-6x+3=0 3(x-1)Û`=0
1 14
a=1 =2Û`-2_{- }= ( )
3 3
k+a=3+1=4 aÜ`+bÜ`=(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)
1
=2Ü`-3_{- }_2=10 ( )
3
271 1 1 a+b
+ =
a b ab
=
2
1
=-6 ( )
-
3 x Û`-5 x -2=(3 x +1)( x -2)=0 3
1
x =- x =2
3
x ¾0 x =2
x=Ñ2 -4
275
xÛ`-5x+2=0 a b
272
Ú x¾-1 a+b=5 ab=2
xÛ`-2 x+1 -6=0 2 2 2 2 4
{1+ }{1+ }=1+ + +
a b a b ab
xÛ`-2x-8=0 (x+2)(x-4)=0
2(a+b) 4
x=4 ( x¾-1) =1+ +
ab ab
Û x<-1 2_5 4
=1+ + =8
xÛ`-2 x+1 -6=0 2 2

52

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 52 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 276 13 -;7!; 279
xÛ`+3x-5=0 a b 2xÛ`+8x-3k=0 a b
aÛ`+3a-5=0 bÛ`+3b-5=0 yy
3
a+b=-4 ab=- k
a+b=-3 ab=-5 yy 2
(aÛ`+2a-2)(bÛ`+2b-2) (a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab a-b =k
={(aÛ`+3a-5)-a+3}{(bÛ`+3b-5)-b+3} 3
kÛ`=(-4)Û`-4_{- k}=16+6k
2
=(-a+3)(-b+3)`( )
kÛ`-6k-16=0 (k+2)(k-8)=0
=ab-3(a+b)+9
k= a-b =8 ( k>0)
=(-5)-3_(-3)+9=13`( )
1
(aÛ`+4a-4)(bÛ`+4b-4)
=
1 280

II
{(aÛ`+3a-5)+a+1}{(bÛ`+3b-5)+b+1}
1 x xÛ`-(2k+1)x+(kÛ`+1)=0 D
= `( )
(a+1)(b+1)
1 1 `( D=(2k+1)Û`-4(kÛ`+1)=4k-3>0
= = )
ab+a+b+1 (-5)+(-3)+1
3
1 k> yy
=- 4
7
1:2
a 2a (a )

2k+1
a+2a=2k+1 a= yy
3
277 4
a_2a=kÛ`+1 2aÛ`=kÛ`+1 yy
f(x)-3x+2=0 a b 2k+1
2{ }2`=kÛ`+1
a+b=-4 ab=-2 3
f(x)-3x+2=a(xÛ`+4x-2)`(a+0) 2(2k+1)Û`=9(kÛ`+1) kÛ`-8k+7=0
f(x)=a(xÛ`+4x-2)+3x-2 yy (k-1)(k-7)=0 k=1 k=7
f(0)=2 k=1 k=7
f(0)=-2a-2=2 a=-2 2k+1>0
k
f(x)=-2(xÛ`+4x-2)+3x-2 1+7=8
=-2xÛ`-5x+2
f(-2)=-2_(-2)Û`-5_(-2)+2=4

281
f(x)=0 a b

278 a+b=5 ab=-5

1+2i f(3x+1)=0 3x+1=a 3x+1=b
1-2i a-1 b-1
3 3
(a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab=25+20=45
(1+2i)+(1-2i)=-(a+b) a+b=-2 yy
a-b =3'5 f(3x+1)=0
a-1 b-1 a-b 3'5
(1+2i)(1-2i)=aÛ`+bÛ` aÛ`+bÛ`=5 yy | - |= = ='5
3 3 3 3
(a+b)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+2ab
1
(-2)Û`=5+2ab ab=-
2 f(x)=xÛ`-5x-5 x 3x+1
a b aÛ`+bÛ` f(3x+1)=(3x+1)Û`-5(3x+1)-5
+ =
b a ab
=9xÛ`-9x-9
5
= =-10 f(3x+1)=0 9xÛ`-9x-9=0
1
- a b
2

53

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 53 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 a+b=1 ab=-1 TIP
a-b ="Ã(a+b)Û`-4ab axÛ`+bx+c=0
="Ã1Û`-4_(-1)='5 D>0

c
<0 ac<0
282 xÛ`-4x+3=0 xÛ`-x-1=0 a
D=bÛ`-4ac bÛ`¾0 ac<0
xÛ`-3x+1=0 a b
-4ac>0 D>0
axÛ`+bx+c=0
a+b=3 ab=1
c
a+b ab 1 <0
a
(x-3)(x-1)=0 xÛ`-4x+3=0
(a-1)+(b-1)=a+b-2=3-2=1
(a-1)(b-1)=ab-(a+b)+1=1-3+1=-1
a-1 b-1 1
xÛ`-x-1=0
285
xÛ`+(kÛ`-k-6)x-2k+3=0 a b
f(x)=xÛ`-3x+1 f(x)=0 a
b f(x+1)=0 a-1 b-1 ab<0 a+b=0
f(x+1)=(x+1)Û`-3(x+1)+1
=(xÛ`+2x+1)-3x-3+1 a+b=-(kÛ`-k-6)=0 yy
=xÛ`-x-1 ab=-2k+3<0 yy
xÛ`-x-1=0 (k+2)(k-3)=0
k=-2 k=3
3
283 k>
2
k=3
axÛ`+bx+c=0 a b
TIP
b c axÛ`+bx+c=0
a+b=- ab=
a a
a -a
1 1
1 0
a b
1 1 1 a+b 1 axÛ`+bx+c=0
xÛ`-{ + }x+ =0 xÛ`+{ - }x+ =0
a b ab ab ab
b c c
a+b=- ab= b=0 <0
a a a
b a
xÛ`+ x+ =0
c c
c cxÛ`+( b )x+( a )=0

`-
a+b
ab
`b `a 286 2-'3

APÓ=x (0<x<1) BPÓ=1-x

TIP
1
A D
axÛ`+bx+c=0 (ac+0) a b x
1 1 P
cxÛ`+bx+a=0
a b 1
1-x

B C
Q
284 PAD QCD
xÛ`-kx+k+1=0 a b A= C=90ù PDÓ=QDÓ ADÓ=CDÓ=1
ab<0
ab=k+1 CQÓ=APÓ=x BQÓ=1-x
k+1<0 k<-1 PBQ PQÓ='2(1-x)

54

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 54 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 PAD PDÓ="ÃxÛ`+1
PQD PQÓ=PDÓ
290 18

'2(1-x)="ÃxÛ`+1 2(1-x)Û`=xÛ`+1 (1-i+z)Û`<0

xÛ`-4x+1=0 1-i+z
x=2-'3 ( 0<x<1) 1-i+a+bi=(a+1)+(b-1)i
a=-1 b+1

zÛ`=(a+bi)Û`=(-1+bi)Û`=1-bÛ`-2bi=c-8i
287
10_10+500=600 1-bÛ`=c -2b=-8 b=4 c=-15
(10+x)(10+x-10)=600 a+b-c=(-1)+4-(-15)=18
xÛ`+10x-600=0 (x+30)(x-20)=0
x=-30 x=20
x>10 x=20 291

II
{a(1+i)+b(1-i)}Û`=-4<0
a(1+i)+b(1-i)
a(1+i)+b(1-i)=(a+b)+(a-b)i
288 a+b=0 yy
3-i (3-i)(1-i) 2-4i {(a-b)i}Û`=-4
z= = = =1-2i
1+i (1+i)(1-i) 2 a-b=2 a-b=-2 yy
z-1=-2i (z-1)Ü`=(-2i)Ü`
zÜ`-3zÛ`+3z-1=8i a=1 b=-1 a=-1 b=1
zÜ`-3zÛ`+4z+1=(zÜ`-3zÛ`+3z-1)+z+2 ab=(-1)_1=-1
=8i+(1-2i)+2=3+6i
3+6i=a+bi a=3 b=6
a+b=3+6=9 a(1+i)+b(1-i) -4
a(1+i)+b(1-i) 2i -2i
Ú (a+b)+(a-b)i=2i
3-i (3-i)(1-i) 2-4i a+b=0 a-b=2
z= = = =1-2i
1+i (1+i)(1-i) 2
a=1 b=-1
(z-1)Û`=(-2i)Û` zÛ`-2z+5=0
Û (a+b)+(a-b)i=-2i
zÜ`-3zÛ`+4z+1=(zÛ`-2z+5)(z-1)-3z+6
a+b=0 a-b=-2
=-3z+6
a=-1 b=1
=3+6i
Ú Û ab=-1
3+6i=a+bi a=3 b=6
a+b=3+6=9

292
2(k-2i)+kÛ`-35+ki=(kÛ`+2k-35)+(k-4)i
289 4

z=(1+2i)xÛ`-(7+16i)x+12+30i 0 0
=(xÛ`-7x+12)+(2xÛ`-16x+30)i Ú( )=0
=(x-3)(x-4)+2(x-3)(x-5)i kÛ`+2k-35=0 (k+7)(k-5)=0
zÛ`<0 z k=-7 k=5
( )=(x-3)(x-4)=0 Û( )=0
( )=2(x-3)(x-5)+0 k-4=0 k=4
Ú Û k
x=4 (-7)+5+4=2

zÛ`>0 z 0 x=5 293

zÛ`=0 z=0 x=3
zÁ=1+i
zÛ`<0 z x=4
zª=izÁ=i(1+i)=i+iÛ`=i-1

55

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 55 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 z£=izª=i(i-1)=iÛ`-i=-1-i zÜ`-z® Ü`=(z-z)® Ü`+3zz(® z-z)®
z¢=iz£=i(-1-i)=-i-iÛ`=-i+1 =(2i)Ü`+3(aÛ`+1)_2i
z°=iz¢=i(-i+1)=-iÛ`+i=1+i =-8i+6(aÛ`+1)i={-8+6(aÛ`+1)}i
y

=22i
zn=zn+4
z1000=z996=z992=y=z4=1-i -8+6(aÛ`+1)=22 6(aÛ`+1)=30 aÛ`+1=5
aÛ`=4 a=2 ( a>0)
zª=izÁ z=2+i
z£=izª=iÛ`zÁ zÛ`-z® Û`=(z+z)® (z-z)® =4_2i=8i
z¢=iz£=iÜ`zÁ
z°=iz¢=iÝ`zÁ=zÁ ( iÝ`=1)
y

zn+4=zn 297
1000=4_250 1+'7i 1-'7i
z= z®=
zÁ¼¼¼=z¢=iÜ`zÁ=-i(1+i)=1-i 2 2
z+z®=1 zz®=2
2z-1
w=
z+1
294 wwÕ=
2z-1 2z®-1 4zz®-2(z+z®)+1
_ =
z+1 z+
® 1 zz+
® (z+z)® +1
zÁ=2+i
4_2-2_1+1 7
1 1 -1+i = =
zª= = = 2+1+1 4
1-zÁ 1-(2+i) 2
1 1 3+i
z£= = =
1-zª -1+i 5
1-
2
z¢=
1
1-z£
=
1
3+i
=2+i=zÁ 298 8
1-
5 zÛ`=4'3+4i z® Û`=4'3-4i
y

zÛ`_z® Û`=(4'3+4i)(4'3-4i)
zÇ=zÇ*£ =48+16=64
50=3_16+2 zz®=8 ( zz®¾0) yy TIP
i-1
z°¼=zª=
2
z=a+bi (a b )
zÛ`=aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi=4'3+4i

295 aÛ`-bÛ`=4'3 ab=2

a=a+bi (a b ) a®=a-bi (aÛ`+bÛ`)Û`=(aÛ`-bÛ`)Û`+4aÛ`bÛ`
a+a=
® (a+bi)+(a-bi)=2a=0 =(4'3)Û`+4_2Û`=64
a=bi aÛ`=-bÛ`É0 ( ) zz®=aÛ`+bÛ`=8 ( a b )
a=1+i b=2-i a+b b+a® ( )
TIP
1 1
aa®=1 a®= a+ =a+a® ( )
a a z=a+bi (a b ) z®=a-bi
a=0 a+0 zz=
® (a+bi)(a-bi)=aÛ`+bÛ`¾0
1 1 zz®¾0
ab=0 _ab= _0 b=0
a a
ab=0 a=0 b=0 ( )
a=1 b=i aÛ`+bÛ`=0 a+0 b+0 ( )

299
a®b=4 abò
® =ab®=4
296 b=
44
a®
=a
b®
z=a+bi (a b a>0) z®=a-bi 4 4
{b+ }2`={ +a}2`=(5i)Û`=-25
z-z®=2bi=2i b=1 z=a+i b® a®

56

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 56 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 b=2 a=-3
300 b=-3 a=12
1 1 1 a+b=12+(-3)=9
z+ z+ =Éz+
z z z
1 1 1 1
Éz+ =z+
® z z®+ =z+
z z
1 1
® z®
303
z®-z+ - =0
z® z zÝ`<0 zÛ`
z-z 1
z®-z- ® =(z®-z){1- }=0 zÛ`=ki (k+0)
zz® zz®
z® Û`=zÛ`Õ=-ki z® Û` ( )
z=z® zz®=1
z=a+bi (a b )
z=z® z
zÛ`=(a+bi)Û`=aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi=(a+b)(a-b)+2abi
zz=
® 1 (a+b)(a-b)=0 2ab+0
0 a b
z=a+bi`(a b b+0) a=b a=-b

II
1 1 z=a+ai z=a-ai yy
z+ =a+bi+
z a+bi z=a+ai z
a-bi z=a-ai z ( )
=a+bi+
(a+bi)(a-bi)
z=aÑai (a+0) z=
® aÐai`( )
a-bi
=a+bi+ z+z®=4 2a=4 a=2
aÛ`+bÛ`
a b z=2Ñ2i z=
® 2Ð2i`( ) zz=
® 4+4=8 ( )
={a+ }+{b- }i
aÛ`+bÛ` aÛ`+bÛ`
1
z+ 0
z

b-
b
aÛ`+bÛ`
=0 b{1-
1
aÛ`+bÛ`
}=0 304 25

aÛ`+bÛ`=1 ( b+0) -1+i

z=
zz®=(a+bi)(a-bi)=aÛ`+bÛ`=1 '2
-1+i
zÛ`={ }2`=-i
'2
301 zÝ`=(zÛ`)Û`=(-i)Û`=-1
z¡`=(zÝ`)Û`=(-1)Û`=1
z=a+bi (a b b+0) z®=a-bi
z z zÛ` y z¡`
z a+bi
zz®+ =(a+bi)(a-bi)+ zÇ`=1 n
z® a-bi
aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi n=8k (k ) 1ÉnÉ200
=(aÛ`+bÛ`)+ n 8_1 8_2 y 8_25 25
aÛ`+bÛ`
aÛ`-bÛ` 2ab
={aÛ`+bÛ`+ }+ i=5 yy
aÛ`+bÛ` aÛ`+bÛ`
305
2ab
=0 a=0 ( b+0) i-3iÛ`+5iÜ`-7iÝ`+y-99iÞ`â`+101iÞ`Ú`
aÛ`+bÛ`
={i-3_(-1)+5_(-i)-7}
bÛ`-1=5 bÛ`=6 +{9i-11_(-1)+13_(-i)-15}+y+97iÝ`á`-99iÞ`â`+101iÞ`Ú`
(z-z®)Û`=(2bi)Û`=-4bÛ`=-24 =(-4i-4) 12+97i+99-101i
=-48i-48-4i+99
=51-52i
302 9

z=(1+2i)xÛ`-2(1-i)x-3(1+4i)
=(xÛ`-2x-3)+(2xÛ`+2x-12)i 306
=(x+1)(x-3)+2(x+3)(x-2)i f(n)=ni n-(n+1)i n+1
z+z® z a+-3 a+2 f(1)=i-2iÛ`
yy f(2)=2iÛ`-3iÜ`
z=a z f(3)=3iÜ`-4iÝ`
2(x+3)(x-2)=0 x=-3 x=2
y

b=-3 b=2 f(16)=16iÚ`ß`-17iÚ`à`

57

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 57 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 f(1)+ f(2)+ f(3)+y+ f(16) zÛ`=z® z® Û`=z
=(i-2iÛ`)+(2iÛ`-3iÜ`)+(3iÜ`-4iÝ`)+y+(16iÚ`ß`-17iÚ`à`) zÜ`=zzÛ`=zz® zÝ`=zzÜ`=zÛ` z®=z® Û`=z
=i-17iÚ`à` zÞ`=zzÝ`=zÛ`=z® zß`=zzÞ`=zz®
=i-17i zß`+zÞ`+zÝ`+zÜ`+zÛ`+z+1
=-16i =zz®+z®+z+zz®+z®+z+1
=2(z+z)® +2zz+
® 1
=2_(-1)+2_1+1
307 =1
f(2)=iÛ`+iÜ`+iÝ`=-1-i+1=-i ( )
f(n+4)=i n+4+i n+5+i n+6 zÛ`=z® zÝ`=z® Û`
=i n+i n+1+i n+2 ( i 4=1) z® Û`=zÛ`Õ=z®=® z
= f(n) ( ) zÝ`=z zÝ`-z=0
f(1)+ f(2)+ f(3)+ f(4)=(-1)+(-i)+1+i=0 z(z-1)(zÛ`+z+1)=0
f(1)+ f(2)+ f(3)+y+ f(98) zÛ`+z+1=0 ( z+0 z+1)
={ f(1)+ f(2)+ f(3)+ f(4)} zß`+zÞ`+zÝ`+zÜ`+zÛ`+z+1
+y+{ f(93)+ f(94)+ f(95)+ f(96)}+ f(97)+ f(98) =zÝ`(zÛ`+z+1)+z(zÛ`+z+1)+1
= f(97)+ f(98)= f(1)+ f(2)=-1-i ( ) =0+0+1=1

n iÇ`+iÇ` ±Û`=0 310 144

f(n)=iÇ` ±Ú` (1+i)Û`=2i

(1+i)Ý`=(2i)Û`=-4
(1+i)¡`=(-4)Û`=16=2Ý`
(1+i)¡`û`=2Ý`û` (k )

308 13 m=8k n=4k m=2n yy

mÉ100 nÉ100 m
8 1 2 4 8
m+n
f(8)=iÚ`+iÛ`+i 4+i 8=i-1+1+1=i+1
100 8 8_12=96
2m 1 2 2Û` y 2m
m
m 96 n 48 ( )
f(2m)=i 1+i 2+i 2Û`+y+i 2
m+n 96+48=144
2m m+1
2t
t 2 i =1
f(2m)=i-1+1+1+y+1=i+m-2
f(2m)- f(8)=10
311 75

(i+m-2)-(i+1)=10 1 1 1 1
=-i =-1 =i =1
i iÛ` iÜ` iÝ`
m=13
1 1 1 1 (-1)Ç` ±Ú`
- + - +y+
i iÛ` iÜ` iÝ` iÇ`
(-1)Ç` ±Ú`
309 =(-i+1+i-1)+(-i+1+i-1)+y+
iÇ`
=1-i
a b (b+0)
n=4k+2 (k )
z=a+bi z®=a-bi
1ÉnÉ300 1É4k+2É300
zÛ`=z® (a+bi)Û`=a-bi
1 149
aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi=a-bi - ÉkÉ =74 5
4 2
k 75
aÛ`-bÛ`=a yy n 75
2ab=-b yy
2ab+b=0 b(2a+1)=0

a=-
1
2
( b+0) 312 24

3 '2 2` 2
bÛ`= zÛ`={ }= =i
4 1-i -2i
z+z®=2a=-1 zz®=aÛ`+bÛ`=1 zÝ`=iÛ`=-1

58

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 58 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 z¡`=(-1)Û`=1 a>0 b>0 c<0
-1+'3i -1-'3i a>0 b>0 a+b =a+b= a + b ( )
wÛ`={ }2`=
2 2 a>0 b>0 c<0
-1+'3i -1-'3i 1+3
wÜ`=w_wÛ`= _ = =1 'a 'a a
2 2 4 = =-®É ( )
'b'c '¶bc bc
zÇ`=wÇ`
a>0 b>0 c<0
n 3 8 24
'¶-a'¶-b'¶-c=-"Ã(-a)_(-b)'¶-c`
n 24
=-'Ä-abc ( )

313
a>0 b<0 317 7

"25aÛ` x y x+3y<0
+2'¶ab'¶ab+"Ã(a+1)Û` "Ã-(a+1)Û`
"Ã-aÛ`
x<0 y<0

II
25aÛ` x 3y 'x '¶3y
=-¾Ð -2"Ã(ab)Û`+(a+1)_(a+1)i ®É +®É = +
-aÛ` 3y x '¶3y 'x
=-5i+2ab+(aÛ`+2a+1)i 'x'x+'¶3y'¶3y
=
=2ab+(aÛ`+2a-4)i '¶3y'x
2ab+(aÛ`+2a-4)i=-24+4i x+3y -21
= = =7
-'Ä3xy -3

2ab=-24 ab=-12 yy
aÛ`+2a-4=4 aÛ`+2a-8=0 (a+4)(a-2)=0 x+3y=-21 yy
a=2`( a>0) b=-6 ( ) xy=3 yy
a+b=2+(-6)=-4 x<0 y<0
x=-21-3y
yÛ`+7y+1=0
314 y
1
y+ =-7 yy
y
'x'y=-'¶xy x<0 y<0
3
'z z x=
=-® z>0 y
'y y
x 3y 1
x+y<0 z-y>0 x-z<0 ®Â +®Â =®Â +"ÅyÛ`
3y x yÛ`
x+y +"Ã(z-y)Û`- x-z 1
=- -y ( y<0)
=-(x+y)+(z-y)-{-(x-z)} y
=-2y 1
=-{y+ }=7 ( )
y

315 318
'x'Äx+4=-"ÃxÛ`+4x xÛ`-2(k-a)x+kÛ`-4k+b=0 D
x<0 x+4<0
x=0 x=-4 x=0 xÉ-4 yy D
'Äx+6 =(k-a)Û`-(kÛ`-4k+b)
x+6 4
=-®É
'Äx-5 x-5 =2k(2-a)+aÛ`-b=0
x+6>0 x-5<0 x=-6 k
-6Éx<5 yy 2-a=0 a=2
x x=0 -6ÉxÉ-4 aÛ`-b=0 4-b=0 b=4
x -6 -5 -4 0 4 ab=2_4=8

316 319
ab '¶ab bÑ"ÃbÛ`+ac
®É =- c<0 ab>0 x= 1+i
c 'c a
'b'c='¶bc c<0 b>0 1-i

59

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 59 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 b+"ÃbÛ`+ac b-"ÃbÛ`+ac
a
+
a
=(1+i)+(1-i) 322
2b xÛ`+ax+b=0 D
=2 b=a
a
b+"ÃbÛ`+ac b-"ÃbÛ`+ac
_ =(1+i)_(1-i) D=aÛ`-4b<0
a a
bÛ`-(bÛ`+ac) aÛ`
=2 c=-2a b> yy
4
aÛ`
axÛ`+bx+c=axÛ`+ax-2a xÛ`+2bx-aÛ`=0 DÁ
DÁ aÝ`
=a(xÛ`+x-2) =bÛ`+aÛ`> +aÛ` ( )
4 16
=a(x+2)(x-1)=0
aÝ`
a=1 b=-2 ( a>b) +aÛ`¾0 DÁ>0
16
b -2
= =-2
a 1
xÛ`+ax+3b=0 Dª
Dª=aÛ`-12b<aÛ`-3aÛ` ( )

320 a=;2#; b=-;2!; =-2aÛ`É0

xÛ`-2px+q=0 D xÛ`+2(aÛ`-4b)x-4b=0 D£
D£
=(aÛ`-4b)Û`+4b>0 ( (aÛ`-4b)Û`>0 b>0)
D 4
=pÛ`-q=0 q=pÛ` yy
4

xÛ`-2px+pÛ`=(x-p)Û`=0 a=p
3xÛ`-2px+q-5p+3=0 a=p
323 4
3pÛ`-2p_p+pÛ`-5p+3=0 ( )
xÛ`-(2a+1)x+3a+1 =2 a
3
2pÛ`-5p+3=(2p-3)(p-1)=0 p= p=1 aÛ`-(2a+1)a+3a+1 =2
2
p=1 p=q=1 p q aÛ`-2a-1 =2
3 9 aÛ`-2a-1=2 aÛ`-2a-1=-2
p= q=
2 4 aÛ`-2a-3=0 aÛ`-2a+1=0
3xÛ`-2px+q-5p+3=0 (a+1)(a-3)=0 (a-1)Û`=0
3 9 3 a=-1 a=3 a=1
3xÛ`-2_ x+ -5_ +3=0
2 4 2
a
9
3xÛ`-3x- =0 4xÛ`-4x-3=0 3+1=4
4
1 3
(2x+1)(2x-3)=0 x=- x=
2 2

a=
3
b=-
1 324 -'5 3

2 2
xÛ`+2|x|-7=2"Ã(x+1)Û`
xÛ`+2|x|-7=2|x+1|

321 Ú x<-1
xÛ`-2x-7=-2(x+1) xÛ`=5
x (1-n)xÛ`+2'2x-1=0 x=-'5`( x<-1)
Ú n=1 Û -1Éx<0
1 xÛ`-2x-7=2(x+1) xÛ`-4x-9=0
2'2x-1=0 x=
2'2
x=2Ñ'1Œ3
f(1)=1
-1Éx<0
Û n+1
Ü x¾0
D
xÛ`+2x-7=2(x+1) xÛ`=9 x=3`( x¾0)
D
=('2)Û`-(-1)_(1-n)=3-n Ú~Ü -'5 3
4
f(0)= f(2)=2 f(3)=1 f(4)=0
Ú Û
f(0)+ f(1)+ f(2)+ f(3)+ f(4)
325
=2+1+2+1+0=6 xÛ`+px+q=0

60

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 60 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 -pÑ"Ãp`Û -4q
x=
2
yy 328 a¾;3$;

pÛ`-4q<0 axÛ`-5ax+a+4=0`(a>0) D
-pÑ"Ãp`Û -4q p "Ã4q`-pÛ`
a b =- Ñ i
2 2 2
D=25aÛ`-4a(a+4)>0
p "Ã4q`-pÛ` 16
- Ñ 21aÛ`-16a>0 a{a- }>0
2 2 21
p 16 (
- p 2 a> a>0) yy
2 21
p=2 a b
"Ã4q`-pÛ` 'Ä4q`-4
Ñ =Ñ =Ñ'Äq-1
2 2
5a a+4 4
a+b= =5 ab= =1+
a a a
q-1=kÛ` (k ) q=kÛ`+1 (a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab 3
50 q

II
k=1 q=2 k=2 q=5 4
(a-b)Û`=5Û`-4_{1+ }¾9
k=4 q=17 k=6 q=37 a
p+q p=2 q=2 4 16 1 3 a¾ 4
12- ¾0 É yy
a a 4 3
p=2 q=37 39
4
4+39=43 a a¾
3

326 329
xÛ`-4x+5=0 D
axÛ`+bx+c=0 a b
D
=(-2)Û`-5<0
4
b c a b a®=b b®=a
a+b=- ab=
a a
c(x-2)Û`+b(x-2)+a=0 t=x-2 yy
a+b=4 ab=5
ctÛ`+bt+a=0 t
aÛ`b®+a®bÛ`=aÜ`+bÜ`
axÛ`+bx+c=0 a b
=(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)
1 1
ctÛ`+bt+a=0 t= t= =4Ü`-3_5_4
a b
=4
x=t+2
c(x-2)Û`+b(x-2)+a=0
1 1 a a®=a
+2 +2
a b
a a®

327 7

xÛ`-2x-1=0 a b
330
a+b=2 ab=-1 xÛ`+px+q=0 a b
f(a)=2b=4-2a
[
f(b)=2a=4-2b a+b=-p yy
f(a)+2a-4=0 f(b)+2b-4=0 ab=q yy
f(x)+2x-4=0 a b xÛ`+qx+r=0 3a 3b
f(x) 1
f(x)+2x-4=xÛ`-(a+b)x+ab=xÛ`-2x-1 3(a+b)=-q yy
f(x)=(xÛ`-2x-1)-2x+4 9ab=r yy
=xÛ`-4x+3 q
-3p=-q p=
a=-4 b=3 3
b-a=3-(-4)=7 9q=r

61

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 61 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 q
p 3 1
= = a+b=a+(a+3)=-3k
r 9q 27
-2a-3
k= ab=a(a+3)=6k
3
x2+px+q=0 a b a(a+3)=2(-2a-3) aÛ`+7a+6=0
x x (a+6)(a+1)=0 a=-6`( )
{ }2`+p{ }+q=0 x2+3px+9q=0 3a 3b
3 3 b=-3 k=3`
x2+3px+9q=0 k-a-2b=3-(-6)-2_(-3)=15
x2+qx+r=0
3p=q 9q=r
xÛ`+3kx+6k=0
q
p= r=9q
3
q a+b=-3k ab=6k yy
p 3 1 k
= =
r 9q 27
a+b<0 ab>0 a<0 b<0
a - b =3 b-a=3 yy
(a+b)Û`=(a-b)Û`=4ab
331 13
(-3k)Û`=3Û`+4_6k 9kÛ`-24k-9=0
z=p+qi (p q ) (3k+1)(k-3)=0 k=3 ( k>0)
(2i+z)Û`>0 2i+z
q=-2 z=p-2i xÛ`+9x+18=0 (x+3)(x+6)=0
z xÛ`+6x+a=0 x=-3 x=-6
z®=p+2i a=-6 b=-3
k-a-2b=3-(-6)-2_(-3)=15
z+z=
® -6 2p=-6 p=-3
z=-3-2i z®=-3+2i
a=zz®=(-3-2i)(-3+2i)=9+4=13

332 334
xÛ`-2x+3=0 D
D 3 3(1+'3i)
=(-1)Û`-3<0 a =
4 1-'3i 4
xÛ`-2x+3=0 3(1-'3i)
4
a a® (a® a ) a+a®=2 aa®=3
a a®
z+z®= + 3(1+'3i) 3(1-'3i) 3
2a-1 2a®-1 + =-a a=- yy
4 4 2
a(2a- ® 1)+a(® 2a-1)
=
(2a-1)(2a- ® 1)
4aa- ® (a+a )® 3(1+'3i) 3(1-'3i) 9
= _ =b b= yy
4aa- ® 2(a+a )
® +1 4 4 4
12-2 10 3 3 5 5
= = = =4 = =-;3$;
12-4+1 9 a+b 3 9 a-b 3 9
{- }+ {- }-
2 4 2 4

3 5
333 a+b a-b
xÛ`+3kx+6k=0 3 5
( )= + =4+{-;3$;}=;3*;
a+b a-b
a+b=-3k ab=6k yy
3 5 16
k a+b<0 ab>0 ( )= _ =4_{-;3$;}=-
a+b a-b 3
a<0 b<0 8 16
xÛ`- x- =0 3xÛ`-8x-16=0
a - b =3 -a+b=3 b=a+3 3 3
b b=a+3<0 p=-8 q=-16
a<-3 yy p+q=(-8)+(-16)=-24

62

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 62 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 335 -1+'2
1-'2i 1+'2i
xÛ`-(2+'2)x+'2k-3=0 m axÛ`+bx+c=0
3 3
a cxÛ`+bx+a=0 a b
m+a=2+'2 a=2+'2-m yy 3 3
=1+'2i =1-'2i
ma='2k-3 yy 1-'2i 1+'2i
(a-b)Û`=(2'2i)Û`=-8
m(2+'2-m)='2k-3
'2m+(-mÛ`+2m)='2k-3
m k m=k
-mÛ`+2m=-3 mÛ`-2m-3=0
338
(m+1)(m-3)=0 0 2+i
m=-1 m=3 2-i
m=k k m=3 p (p+0)

II
2+'2-3 -1+'2 b b
- =(2+i)+(2-i)=4 p=-
p 4
c c
=(2+i)(2-i)=5 p=
p 5
336 b c
- =
5
c=- b yy
4 5 4
xÛ`-2x-k =3 yy
1+3i
xÛ`-2x-k=3 xÛ`-2x-k=-3
1-3i
xÛ`-2x-k-3=0 xÛ`-2x-k+3=0
DÁ Dª
b b
DÁ¾0 Dª¾0 - =(1+3i)+(1-3i)=2 a=- yy
a 2
DÁ axÛ`+bx+c=0
=1+k+3¾0 k¾-4
4
b 5
Dª - xÛ`+bx- b=0 2xÛ`-4x+5=0
=1+k-3¾0 k¾2 2 4
4
a b
k¾2 yy
16
5
a+b=2 ab=
2
(-k-3)(-k+3)=16 aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab
kÛ`-9=16 k=5 k=-5 5
=2Û`-2_ =-1
k=5 ( ) 2

k=-5 xÛ`-2x-k =3
16 339 5

a b (b+0) a=a+bi b=a-bi

2a+bÛ`=1 2(a+bi)+(a-bi)Û`=1

337 (aÛ`+2a-bÛ`)+2b(1-a)i=1

1-'2i 1+'2i
axÛ`+bx+c=0 aÛ`+2a-bÛ`=1 2b(1-a)=0
3 3
2b(1-a)=0 a=1 ( b+0)
aÛ`+2a-bÛ`=1 bÛ`=2
b 2 2
( )=- = b=- a
a 3 3
c 1 1 p=-(a+b)=-2a=-2
( )= = c= a
a 3 3 q=ab=aÛ`+bÛ`=1+2=3
cxÛ`+bx+a=0 q-p=3-(-2)=5
b a
a+b=- =2 ab= =3
c c
(a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab a+b=-p
=2Û`-4_3=-8 a=-p-b

63

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 63 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 2a+bÛ`=2(-p-b)+bÛ`=1 f(2x-1)+4=a(2x-1-a)(2x-1-b)+4
bÛ`-2b-2p-1=0 =a{4xÛ`-2(a+b+2)x+(ab+a+b+1)}+4
b x xÛ`-2x-2p-1=0 =a(4xÛ`-8x+8)+4
p xÛ`-2x-2p-1=0 =4axÛ`-8ax+8a+4
b a f(2x-1)+4=0
xÛ`+px+q=xÛ`-2x-2p-1
p=-2 q=-2p-1 p=-2 q=3 8a+4
=1 a=-1
q-p=3-(-2)=5 4a

f(x)=a{xÛ`-(a+b)x+ab}
bÛ`=2 b=-'2 b='2 =-(xÛ`-2x+5)
a=1+'2i b=1-'2i a=1-'2i b=1+'2i f(2)=-(4-4+5)=-5

340 342 16

xÛ`-2x-1=0 a b 1
f(x)=xÛ`+kx+8 (k )
a+b=2 ab=-1 xÛ`-3x+1=0 a b
bÛ` aÛ` bÛ`(1+b)+aÛ`(1+a)
+ = `
1+a 1+b (1+a)(1+b) a+b=3 ab=1
aÜ`+bÜ`+aÛ`+bÛ` ` aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab
=
1+a+b+ab
=3Û`-2_1=7
(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)+(a+b)Û`-2ab
= `
1+(a+b)+ab
f(a)+ f(b)=(aÛ`+ka+8)+(bÛ`+kb+8)
2Ü`-3_(-1)_2+2Û`-2_(-1)
= =(aÛ`+bÛ`)+k(a+b)+16
1+2+(-1)
=7+3k+16
=10
=3k+23=2
bÛ` aÛ` aÛ`bÛ` `
_ = k=-7 f(x)=xÛ`-7x+8
1+a 1+b (1+a)(1+b)
(ab)Û` f(8)=64-56+8=16
= `
1+(a+b)+ab
(-1)Û`
=
1+2+(-1)
1
343
=
2 a b
f{ }-3=0 f{ }-3=0
bÛ` aÛ` 3 3
10
1+a 1+b x
f{ }-3=0 a b
1 3
xÛ` 2
2 f(x) a (a+0)
1 x
2{xÛ`-10x+ }=0 2xÛ`-20x+1=0 f{ }-3=a{xÛ`-(a+b)x+ab}=a(xÛ`+2x-1)
2 3
x
f{ }=a(xÛ`+2x-1)+3
3
a+b ab 20%
f(0)=1
bÛ` aÛ` bÛ` aÛ`
1+a
+
1+b 1+a
_
1+b
40% f(0)=a_(-1)+3=1 a=2
bÛ` aÛ` 3
xÛ` 2 40% f(1)= f{ }=2(3Û`+2_3-1)+3=31
1+a 1+b 3

341 344
f(x)=0 a b a b (b+0)
0 a a=a+bi a=
® a-bi
f(x)=a(x-a)(x-b) yy xÛ`+4x+k=0 yy
a a®

64

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 64 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 D
D a+b®=a+a=2a a®+b=b+b=2b
=2Û`-k<0
4 a+b a+b®+a+
® b( )
k>4 ( ) a
aÛ`-2a+7=0 aÛ`=2a-7=2b®-7 ( )( )
a+a=
® (a+bi)+(a-bi)=2a=-4
a=-2 a -2 ( )
aa®=k>4
a+a=
® -4
(1+a)(1+a®)=(a+a®)+aa®+1>(-4)+4+1=1 ( ) 347
z z+z=® -1 zz=
® 1 yy
z z® xÛ`+x+1=0
x-1 (x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÜ`=1
zÜ`=z® Ü`=1 yy
345

II
z® 2z Û` 3z Ü` 4z Ý` 5z Þ`
- ® + ® - ® + ®
xÛ`+px+1=0 zÞ` zÝ` zÜ` zÛ` z
z 2z Û` 3 4z 5z Û`
a+b=-p yy = ® - ® + - ® + ® `( )
zÛ` z 1 zÛ` z
ab=1 yy
3z `Û 3z 3zÛ` z® Û` 3zz®
ab=1>0 a b = ® - ® +3= - +3
z zÛ` zÜ` zÜ`
Ú a>0 b>0 =3 ( )
a+b =a+b a + b =a+b
a+b = a + b
Û a<0 b<0 z z+z=® -1 zz=
® 1
a+b =-(a+b) z z® xÛ`+x+1=0

a + b =(-a)+(-b) x-1 (x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÜ`=1

a+b = a + b zÜ`=z® Ü`=1 yy

z® 2z `Û 3z Ü` 4z Ý` 5z Þ`
a+b = a + b ( ) - ® + ® - ® + ®
zÞ` zÝ` zÜ` zÛ` z
1
b= z 2z Û` 3 4z 5z Û`
a = ® - ® + - ® + ® `( )
zÛ` z 1 zÛ` z
1
0<a<1 >1 b>1 ( ) 3z `Û 3z
a = ® - ® +3
z zÛ`
xÛ`+px+1=0
1
D zz=® 1 =z®
z
D=pÛ`-4>0 yy 3z® Û` 3z®
- +3=3z® Û`_z- ® 3z_® z® Û`+3=3
aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab z zÛ`
=pÛ`-2 ( )
=(pÛ`-4)+2>2 ( )
aÛ`+bÛ` 2 ( )
348
ABC
ABÓ=ACÓ ABC= ACB
CBD
346 BCÓ=CDÓ CBD= CDB
ABC CBD
a b 1
A
xÛ`-(a+b)x+ab=0
a+b=2 ab=7 xÛ`-2x+7=0 yy 2
D
D D
=(-1)Û`-7=-6<0
4 a 2
a b
B C
2
a=b® a®=b yy BDÓ=a (a>0)
aa®=bb® ( ) ABÓ=a+2

65

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 65 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 (a+2) 2=2 a a(a+2)=4 aÛ`+2a-4=0 zw=ac-bÛ`+(ab+bc)i b(a+c)=0
a=-1+'5 ( a>0) c=-a w=-a+bi
m=-(ABÓ+BCÓ)=-a-4=-3-'5 z+w=(a+bi)+(-a+bi)=2bi ( )
n=ABÓ_BCÓ=2(a+2)=2+2'5 zw=(a+bi)(-a+bi)=-aÛ`-bÛ`<0 ( )
m+n=(-3-'5)+(2+2'5)=-1+'5 zz®-ww®=(a+bi)(a-bi)-(-a+bi)(-a-bi)
=(a+bi)(a-bi)-(a-bi)(a+bi)
=0 ( )
349 50

E
J I
A D
L 352
K
F H 1-ni (1-ni)Û` 1-nÛ`-2ni
O aÇ+bÇi= = =
1+ni (1+ni)(1-ni) 1+nÛ`
1-nÛ` 2n
B C = - i
1+nÛ` 1+nÛ`
G

E AD L 1-nÛ` 2n
aÇ= bÇ=-
JLÓ=x 1+nÛ` 1+nÛ`
EJI ELÓ=x 1-nÛ` 2` 2n 2`
(aÇ)Û`+(bÇ)Û`={ } +{- }
1+nÛ` 1+nÛ`
1
EJI _2x_x=xÛ` (1-2nÛ`+nÝ`)+4nÛ`
2 =
(1-x)Û` (1+nÛ`)Û`
AJÓ=1-x AKJ (1+nÛ`)Û`
2 = =1
3 (1+nÛ`)Û`
AKJ EJI
2 {(aÁ)Û`+(aª)Û`+(a£)Û`+y+(a°¼)Û`}
(1-x)Û` 3 +{(bÁ)Û`+(bª)Û`+(b£)Û`+y+(b°¼)Û`}
= xÛ` 2xÛ`+2x-1=0
2 2 ={(aÁ)Û`+(bÁ)Û`}+{(aª)Û`+(bª)Û`}+{(a£)Û`+(b£)Û`}
-1+'3
x= `( x>0) +y+{(a°¼)Û`+(b°¼)Û`}
2
=1+1+1+y+1=50
OEÓ='2k
-1+'3 1+'3
OEÓ=OLÓ+ELÓ=1+ =
2 2
x y (xÛ`+yÛ`+0)
1+'3
'2k= x-yi (x-yi)Û`
2 =
x+yi (x+yi)(x-yi)
'2+'6
k= p=q=;4!; xÛ`-yÛ`-2xyi
4 =
xÛ`+yÛ`
100(p+q)=50
xÛ`-yÛ` 2xy
= - i
xÛ`+yÛ` xÛ`+yÛ`
xÛ`-yÛ` 2xy
a= b=-
350 102 xÛ`+yÛ` xÛ`+yÛ`

3+'2i (3+'2i)('2+3i)
z= = =i xÛ`-yÛ` 2` 2xy 2`
'2-3i ('2-3i)('2+3i) aÛ`+bÛ`={ } +{- }
xÛ`+yÛ` xÛ`+yÛ`
z-2zÛ`+3zÜ`-4zÝ`+y+(-1)Ç` ±Ú`nzÇ` (xÝ`-2xÛ`yÛ`+yÝ`)+4xÛ`yÛ`
=(i+2-3i-4)+(5i+6-7i-8)+y+(-1)Ç` ±Ú`niÇ` =
(xÛ`+yÛ`)Û`
=(-2-2i)+(-2-2i)+y+(-1)Ç` ±Ú`niÇ` (xÛ`+yÛ`)Û`
= =1
=52+51i (xÛ`+yÛ`)Û`

52+51i=25(-2-2i)+(101i+102)
n=102
353 3

(-1)Û`=1 iÛ`=-1 (1+i)Û`=2i

351 aÁ aª a£ y a£¼ -1 a i b 1+i
z=a+bi w=c+di (a b c d abcd+0) c
z-w=(a-c)+(b-d)i b=d a+b+c=30 yy

66

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 66 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 (aÁ)Û`+(aª)Û`+(a£)Û`+y+(a£¼)Û`
=1_a+(-1)_b+2i_c=(a-b)+2ci=7+10i
356
a-b=7 c=5 yy z=a+bi (a b ) zÝ`<0
a=16 b=9 c=5 zÛ`=(a+bi)Û`=aÛ`-bÛ`+2abi
zÛ` aÛ`-bÛ`=0 2ab+0
aÁ+aª+a£+y+a£¼=(-1)_16+i_9+(1+i)_5 a+b=0 a-b=0 yy`Ú
=-11+14i a+0 b+0 yy`Û
(-11)+14=3 z
(2+i)xÛ`+(3i-2)x-12+2i
=(2xÛ`-2x-12)+(xÛ`+3x+2)i
=2(x+2)(x-3)+(x+2)(x+1)i
354 Ú a+b=0 a-b=0
a+b=2(x+2)(x-3)+(x+2)(x+1)
(z-2)Û`=2-2i (z-2) Û`Ó=(z-
® 2)Û`=2+2i
=(x+2)(3x-5)=0

II
(z-2)Û`(z-
® 2)Û`={(z-2)(z-
® 2)}Û`
={zz-
® 2(z+z)® +4}Û` x=-2 x= 5
3
a-b=2(x+2)(x-3)-(x+2)(x+1)
{zz-
® 2(z+z)® +4}Û`=(2-2i)(2+2i)=8 yy =(x+2)(x-7)=0
z=a+bi`(a b ) x=-2 x=7
zz-
® 2(z+z)® +4=(a+bi)(a-bi)-2(a+bi+a-bi)+4
x= 5
x=-2 x=7
=aÛ`+bÛ`-4a+4 3
=(a-2)Û`+bÛ`¾0`( (a-2)Û`¾0 bÛ`¾0) Û a=2xÛ`-2x-12=2(x+2)(x-3)+0
yy b=xÛ`+3x+2=(x+2)(x+1)+0
{zz-
® 2(z+z)® +4}Û`=8 x+-2 x+-1 x+3
zz-
® 2(z+z)® +4=2'2`( ) Ú Û x
zz-
® 2z-2z=
® zz-
® 2(z+z)® =2'2-4 5 7 x
3
5 +7= 26
3 3

355
zÛ` 357
1-z
xÛ`-ax+2p=0 a b
Û
Ð{ zÛ` }= z® `  ( )
1-z 1-z®
zÛ` a+b=a ab=2p yy
=k (k ) p
1-z
zÛ`=k(1-z) zÛ`+kz-k=0 2p 2 p 1 2p
z x xÛ`+kx-k=0 Ú 2 p
z 2+p=a a 9
z® (a p)
z+z=
® -k zz=
® -k (45 43) (63 61) (81 79) (99 97) 4
z+z=
® zz® ( ) Û 1 2p
xÛ`+kx-k=0 D 1+2p=a a 9
(a p)
D=kÛ`-4(-k)<0 kÛ`+4k<0 (27 13) (63 31) 2
Ú Û (a p) 4+2=6
k<- 1 k>0
4
z zz>
® 0
zz=
® -k k<0 k<- 1
4
358 4

z f(n)=(1-i)2n+2ni
z+z® =- k > 1 f(n)=(1-i)2n+2ni={(1-i)Û`}n+2ni
( )
2 2 8 =(-2i)n+2ni
=(-2)ni n+2ni

67

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 67 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 k Ú m>4 n¾3 m¾8 n¾6
4k+1 4k+1
n=4k+1 f(n)=-2 i+2Ý i=0 m¾8 m 3 n¾6 n 5
n=4k+2 f(n)=-24k+2+24k+2i (m n) 3_5=15
n=4k+3 f(n)=24k+3i+24k+3i=24k+4i Û m>4 n¾3 m¾8 n<6
4k+4 4k+4
n=4k+4 f(n)=2 +2 i m¾8 m 3 3Én<6 n
{(1-i)2n+2ni}Û`<0 f(n) 3
n=4k+3 n 3 (m n) 3_3=9
40 3 7 11 y Ü m>4 n¾3 m<8 n¾6
39 3 3 15 27 39 4 4<m<8 m 3 n¾6 n
5
(m n) 3_5=15
359 Ú~Ü (m n)
15+9+15=39
1+i 2` 1+2i-1 '2 2` 2
{ }= =i { }= =-i
'2 2 1+i 1+2i-1
1+i 2` n` '2 2` n` 1+i 2` n` '2 2` n`
zÇ‌‌={
'2
} -{
1+i
} =[{
'2
} ] -[{
1+i
}] 361
=iÇ`-(-i)Ç` x
z4k-3=2i z4k-2=0 z4k-1=-2i z4k=0 (k ) xÛ`+(k-y)x-2yÛ`-3y+2
zÇ 2i 0 -2i 3 ( ) x xÛ`+(k-y)x-2yÛ`-3y+2=0
zÁ+zª+z£+y+z4k-3=2i
-(k-y)Ñ"Ã(k-y)Û`+4(2yÛ`+3y-2)
zÁ+zª+z£+y+z4k-2=2i x=
2
zÁ+zª+z£+y+z4k-1=0 D
zÁ+zª+z£+y+z4k=0 D=(k-y)Û`+4(2yÛ`+3y-2)
zÁ+zª+z£+y+zÇ 2i 0 xÛ`+(k-y)x-2yÛ`-3y+2
2i ( ) -(k-y)+'¶D -(k-y)-'¶D
=[x- ][x- ]
zl_zm<0 2 2
2i_2i (-2i)_(-2i) x y
Ú 2i_2i D
l m 4k-3 D=(k-y)Û`+4(2yÛ`+3y-2)
10 1 5 9 =9yÛ`+(12-2k)y+kÛ`-8
(l m) y 9yÛ`+(12-2k)y+kÛ`-8=0
(1 1) (1 5) (5 1) (5 5) (1 9) (9 1) DÁ DÁ=0
(9 9) (5 9) (9 5) 9 DÁ
=(6-k)Û`-9(kÛ`-8)=0
4
Û (-2i)_(-2i)
8kÛ`+12k-108=0 2kÛ`+3k-27=0
l m 4k-1
(2k+9)(k-3)=0
10 3 7
k=3 ( k>0)
(l m)
(3 3) (3 7) (7 3) (7 7) 4
Ú Û (l m) 13 ( ) 362
1+i (1+i)(1+i)
z= = =i
1-i (1-i)(1+i)

360 zn-z2n+z3n-z4n+y-z50n
'Än-3 n-3 =in-(i Û`)n+(i Ü`)n-(i Ý`)n+y-(i 50)n
=-®É
'Ä4-m 4-m =in-(-1)n+(-i)n-1n+y-(-1)n
m>4 n>3 m+4 n=3 k
'Äm-8'Än-6="Ã(m-8)(n-6) n=4k+1
m-8¾0 n-6¾0 m¾8 n¾6 Ú iÝ`k+1-(-1)4k+1+(-i)4k+1-14k+1+y-(-1)4k+1
m-8¾0 n-6<0 m¾8 n<6 =(i+1-i-1)+(i+1-i-1)+y+i+1=i+1
m-8<0 n-6¾0 m<8 n¾6 Û n=4k+2
(m n) i4k+2-(-1)4k+2+(-i)4k+2-14k+2+y-(-1)4k+2
=(-1-1-1-1)+(-1-1-1-1)+y-1-1=-50

68

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 68 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 Ü n=4k+3 z=
® p-qi xÛ`-ax+a=0
4k+3 4k+3 4k+3 4k+3 4k+3
i -(-1) +(-i) -1 +y-(-1)
=(-i+1+i-1)+(-i+1+i-1)+y-i+1=-i+1 a
z+z®=a 2p=a p= yy
Ý n=4k+4 2
i4k+4-(-1)4k+4+(-i)4k+4-14k+4+y-(-1)4k+4 zz®=a pÛ`+qÛ`=a yy
=(1-1+1-1)+(1-1+1-1)+y+1-1=0 zÜ`=(p+qi)Ü`=pÜ`+3pÛ`qi-3pqÛ`-qÜ`i
Ú Ý zn-z2n+z3n-z4n+y-z50n =(pÜ`-3pqÛ`)+q(3pÛ`-qÛ`)i
n=4k+2 n=4k+4 zÜ`
70=4_17+2 n=4k+2 n q(3pÛ`-qÛ`)=0 3pÛ`-qÛ`=0 ( q+0)
18 n=4k+4 n 17 3pÛ`-(a-pÛ`)=0 4pÛ`-a=0
n 18+17=35 a
4_{ }2`-a=0 aÛ`-a=0
2
a(a-1)=0 a=1 ( )
1+i (1+i)(1+i)
z= = =i
1-i (1-i)(1+i)

II
z2=-1 z3=-i z4=1 a=0 xÛ`-ax+a=0 xÛ`=0
n z n 0
n 2n 3n 4n 50n
z -z +z -z +y-z
=(1-zn)(zn+z3n+z5n+y+z49n)
zÜ` aÛ`-a=0 70%
=zn(1-zn)(1+z2n+z4n+y+z48n)
a 30%
Ú zn
n 2n 4n 48n
1-z 1+z +z +y+z
z -z +z -z4n+y-z50n
n 2n 3n

Û zn
z2n 1+z2n+z4n+y+z48n 364
zn(1-zn) a b
n 2n 3n 4n 50n
z -z +z -z +y-z ab<0
zn(1-zn)=zn-z2n
zn(1-zn) a+b>0
zn-z2n+z3n-z4n+y-z50n 2(k-1)Û`xÛ`+3(k-3)x-2k+1=0 x
Ú Û zn-z2n+z3n-z4n+y-z50n 2(k-1)Û`+0 k+1
zn
n n -3(k-3)
a+b= >0 yy
70 2(k-1)Û`
=35
2 -2k+1
ab= <0 yy
2(k-1)Û`
2(k-1)Û`>0
-3(k-3)>0 k<3
363 1
-2k+1<0 k>
xÛ`-ax+a=0 z 2
D 1
<k<3 k+1
2
D=aÛ`-4a<0 0<a<4 yy
k 2 1
zÛ`-az+a=0 zÛ`=az-a
zÜ`=zÛ`_z=azÛ`-az=a(az-a)-az
=(aÛ`-a)z-aÛ`
a z zÜ` 365
aÛ`-a=0
g(n)=i-iÛ`+iÜ`-y+(-1)n+1i n
a(a-1)=0 a=1 ( ) yy
g(n)=(i+1-i-1)+(i+1-i-1)+y+(-1)n+1i n
m
xÛ`-ax+a=0 z n=4m+1 g(n)=i
D n=4m+2 g(n)=i+1
D=aÛ`-4a<0 0<a<4 yy n=4m+3 g(n)=1
p q (q+0) z=p+qi n=4m+4 g(n)=0

69

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 69 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 n+1
1 1 1 (-1)
h(n)= - + -y+
i iÛ` iÜ` i n` 367
n+1
(-1) xÛ`+x+1=0
h(n)=(-i+1+i-1)+(-i+1+i-1)+y+
i n`

a+b=-1 ab=1
n=4m+1 h(n)=-i
xÛ`+x+1=0 x-1
n=4m+2 h(n)=-i+1
(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÜ`-1=0 xÜ`=1
n=4m+3 h(n)=1
aÜ`=bÜ`=1 yy
n=4m+4 h(n)=0 5
b f(a )=3b+1 b f(aÛ`)=3b+1 ( )
1
n=4m+1 f(n)=i_(-i)=1 b f(aÛ`)=3+ f(aÛ`)=3+a ( ab=1)
b
n=4m+2 f(n)=(i+1)_(-i+1)=2 a f(b5)=3a+1 a f(bÛ`)=3a+1 ( )
n=4m+3 f(n)=1_1=1 1
a f(bÛ`)=3+ f(bÛ`)=3+b ( ab=1)
n=4m+4 f(n)=0_0=0 a
f(k)+ f(k+1)=1 k=4m+3 a b xÛ`+x+1=0
k=4m+4 aÛ`+a+1=0 bÛ`+b+1=0 aÛ`=-a-1 bÛ`=-b-1
30 k=4m+3 k 3 7 11 y
27 7 k=4m+4 k 4 8 12 y 28 f(aÛ`)=3+a f(-a-1)=3+a f(b)=2-b
7 k f(bÛ`)=3+b f(-b-1)=3+b f(a)=2-a
7+7=14 f(x)+x-2=0 a b
f(x) 1
f(x)+x-2=xÛ`+x+1
f(x)=xÛ`+3
366 32
a+b=0+3=3
Pn(x) xÛ`+x+1 An(x)
Pn(x) xÛ`+x+1
(1+x)(1+xÛ`)(1+xÜ`)y(1+xn-1)(1+xn)-32
=(xÛ`+x+1)An(x) yy 368 16
xÛ`+x+1=0 w
xÛ`-x+1=0 D
wÛ`+w+1=0 yy
D=(-1)Û`-4<0
x-1 (x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÜ`=1
z z® (z® z )
wÜ`=1 yy
x=w
z+z=® 1 yy
(1+w)(1+wÛ`)(1+wÜ`)y(1+wn-1)(1+wn)-32=0
zz®=1 yy
(1+w)(1+wÛ`)(1+wÜ`)y(1+wn-1)(1+wn)=32
zÇ`(1-z)Û`Ç` ±Ú`=zÇ`_z® Û`Ç` ±Ú` ( )
Q(n)=(1+w)(1+wÛ`)(1+wÜ`)y(1+wn-1)(1+wn)
=(zz)® Ç`_z® Ç` ±Ú`=z® Ç` ±Ú` ( ) yy
Q(n)=32
z® xÛ`-x+1=0
k
z® Û`-z+ ® 1=0 ® 1)(z® Û`-z+
(z+ ® 1)=0
n=3k+1 1+wn=1+w=-wÛ``( )
n z® Ü`=-1 z® ß`=1
n=3k+2 1+w =-w`( )
zÇ`(1-z)Û`Ç` ±Ú`
n=3k+3 1+wn=2`( )
n+1=6k (k ) n=6k-1
nÉ100
Q(3k+1)={(-wÛ`)_(-w)_2}_{(-wÛ`)_(-w)_2}
k 1 2 3 y 16
_y_(-wÛ`)
n 16
=2k_(-wÛ`)
Q(3k+2)={(-wÛ`)_(-w)_2}_{(-wÛ`)_(-w)_2}
_y_(-wÛ`)_(-w) x2-x+1=0 D
k 2
=2 D=(-1) -4<0 z
Q(3k+3)={(-wÛ`)_(-w)_2}_{(-wÛ`)_(-w)_2} z2-z+1=0 1-z=-z2
_y_{(-wÛ`)_(-w)_2} (z+1)(z2-z+1)=0 z3=-1 z6=1
k+1
=2 zn(1-z)2n+1=zn_(-z2)2n+1
5
32=2 Q(n)=32 n 15 17 =zn_(-1)2n+1_(z2)2n+1
n 15+17=32 =-z5n+2

70

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 70 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 zn(1-z)2n+1 k an+bn=0
5n+2 3 n=4k+2
nÉ100 n 50 n=4k+2 n
5 11 17 y 95 16 2 6 10 y 50 13

369 13 370 6

xÛ`+ax+b=0 a b
xÛ`+'2x+1=0
-'2Ñ'2i -1Ñi -1+i -1-i
x= = a= b= a+b=-a yy
2 '2 '2 '2
ab=b yy
-1+i Û -1+i 1+i
aÛ`={ }`=-i aÜ`=(-i)_ = xÛ`+3ax+3b=0
'2 '2 '2
1+i -1+i a+2 b+2

II
aÝ`= _ =-1
'2 '2 (a+2)+(b+2)=-3a yy
1-i 6 (a+2)(b+2)=3b yy
a5=a_aÝ`=-a= a =aÛ`_aÝ`=-aÛ`=i
'2
-1-i 8
a7=aÜ`_aÝ`=-aÜ`= a =aÝ`_aÝ`=1 -a+4=-3a a=-2
'2
-1-i Û -1-i 1-i
bÛ`={ }`=i bÜ`=i_ =
'2 '2 '2 b+2_2+4=3b b=4
1-i -1-i xÛ`-2x+4=0
bÝ`= _ =-1
'2 '2 a+b=2 ab=4
1+i 6
b5=b_bÝ`=-b= b =bÛ`_bÝ`=-bÛ`=-i xÛ`-2x+4=0 (x+2)
'2
(x+2)(xÛ`-2x+4)=0 xÜ`+8=0 xÜ`=-8
-1+i 8
b7=bÜ`_bÝ`=-bÜ`= b =bÝ`_bÝ`=1 aÜ`=-8 bÜ`=-8
'2
n
a =a n+8 n
b =b n+8 an+bn n
k a+b=2
-1+i -1-i aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab=2Û`-2_4=-4
n=8k+1 an+bn= + =-'2
'2 '2 aÜ`+bÜ`=(-8)+(-8)=-16
n=8k+2 an+bn=(-i)+i=0 aÝ`+bÝ`=aÜ`_a+bÜ`_b=-8(a+b)=-16
n 1+i 1-i
n aÞ`+bÞ`=aÜ`_aÛ`+bÜ`_bÛ`=-8(aÛ`+bÛ`)=32
n=8k+3 a +b = + ='2
'2 '2
aß`+bß`=(aÜ`)Û`+(bÜ`)Û`=(-8)Û`+(-8)Û`=128
n=8k+4 an+bn=(-1)+(-1)=-2
aà`+bà`=(aÜ`)Û`_a+(bÜ`)Û`_b=64(a+b)=128
n 1-i 1+i
n
n=8k+5 a +b = + ='2 aß`+bß`=aà`+bà`=128
'2 '2
n=8k+6 an+bn=i+(-i)=0 n 6
-1-i -1+i
n=8k+7 an+bn= + =-'2
'2 '2
n n
n=8k+8 a +b =1+1=2
an+bn=0 n=8k+2 n=8k+6
371 4

O BC MN
50 n=8k+2 2 10 18 y 50 Q R
7 n=8k+6 6 14 22 y 46 6 QMN AMN
n 7+6=13 A O Q BQO
A

xÛ`+'2x+1=0 x N1 P
M
a+b=-'2 ab=1 R
O
xÛ`+'2x+1=0
B Q C
b=a® (a® a )
aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab=0 aÛ`=-a® Û` ABC 2x
ab=1 aÛ`bÛ`=1 aÝ`=-1 O ABC
aÜ`+bÜ`=(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)='2 '3
AQÓ='3x OQÓ= x
aÝ`+bÝ`=-2 3

71

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 71 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 BQO
'3 2` 4 2'3
373
OBÓ Û`={ x} +xÛ`= xÛ` OBÓ=OAÓ= x
3 3 3 (x-a)(x-b)+(x-b)(x-c)+(x-c)(x-a)=0
x 3xÛ`-2(a+b+c)x+ab+bc+ca=0 yy
NRÓ=
2
D
2'3 '3 '3
ORÓ=OAÓ-ARÓ= x- x= x D
3 2 6 =(a+b+c)Û`-3(ab+bc+ca)
4
PRO
=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca
'3 x
OPÓ Û`=ORÓ Û`+PRÓ Û`={ x}2`+{ +1}2` 1
6 2 = {(a-b)Û`+(b-c)Û`+(c-a)Û`}¾0
2
'3 x
OPÓ Û`=OBÓ Û` OBÓ Û`={ x}2`+{ +1}2` a b c D¾0
6 2
4 1 1 ( )
xÛ`= xÛ`+ xÛ`+x+1 xÛ`-x-1=0
3 12 4 D=0
x a=b=c ( )
1 1 D>0
x-1- =0 x- =1
x x
a b
1 1 1
xÜ`- ={x- }3`+3{x- }
xÜ` x x
2(a+b+c) ab+bc+ca
=1Ü`+3_1=4 a+b= ab=
3 3
a>0 b>0 c>0 a+b>0 ab>0

372 150 ( )

1 2n m 1 n m
[in+{ } ] =[in+{ } ] ={i n+(-1)n}m
i iÛ`
a
n=4a+1 i n+(-1)n=i-1
n=4a+2 i n+(-1)n=0
n=4a+3 i n+(-1)n=-i-1
n=4a+4 i n+(-1)n=2
1 2n m
[i n+{ } ]
i
i n+(-1)n=i-1 i n+(-1)n=-i-1
Ú i n+(-1)n=i-1
n=4a+1 50 n
1 5 9 y 49 13
m=2 (i-1)Û`=-1-2i+1=-2i
m=3 (i-1)Ü`=-2i(i-1)=2+2i
m=4 (i-1)Ý`=(-2i)Û`=-4
(i-1)m b
m=8b+4
50 m 4 12 20 y 44
6 (m n) 6_13=78
Û i n+(-1)n=-i-1
n=4a+3 50 n
3 7 11 y 47 12
m=2 (-i-1)Û`=-1+2i+1=2i
m=3 (-i-1)Ü`=2i_(-i-1)=2-2i
m=4 (-i-1)Ý`=(2i)Û`=-4
(-i-1)m
b m=8b+4
50 m 4 12 20 y 44
6 (m n) 6_12=72
Ú Û (m n)
78+72=150

72

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 72 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 02 377
y=-xÛ`+(2m-1)x-mÛ`+2
x x
374 -xÛ`+(2m-1)x-mÛ`+2=0
xÛ`-(2m-1)x+mÛ`-2=0
y=xÛ`+ax+b x x
D
xÛ`+ax+b=0
D=(2m-1)Û`-4(mÛ`-2)
xÛ`+ax+b=0 -1 2
=4mÛ`-4m+1-4mÛ`+8
=-4m+9<0
-a=(-1)+2=1 a=-1
9
b=(-1)_2=-2 m>
4
a+b=(-1)+(-2)=-3 m 3

II
y=xÛ`+ax+b (-1 0) (2 0)
378 20
0=1-a+b 0=4+2a+b
y=2xÛ`+ax+b x
a=-1 b=-2
2xÛ`+ax+b=0
a+b=-3
D
aÛ`
D=aÛ`-8b=0 b=
8
aÛ`
y=2xÛ`+ax+b=2xÛ`+ax+
8

375 (1 8)
aÛ`
y=2xÛ`-4x-10 x A B 8=2+a+ aÛ`+8a-48=0 (a+12)(a-4)=0
8
x 2xÛ`-4x-10=0 a=4 ( a>0) b=2
2xÛ`-4x-10=0 a b aÛ`+bÛ`=4Û`+2Û`=20

a+b=2 ab=-5
y=2xÛ`+ax+b x
A B (a 0) (b 0)
ABÓ= a-b
a
ABÓ `Û =(a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab y=2(x-p)Û` p=- <0
4
=2Û`-4_(-5)=24 (1 8)
8=2(1-p)Û` (1-p)Û`=4 1-p=Ñ2
p=-1 ( p<0)
y=2(x+1)Û`=2xÛ`+4x+2
a=4 b=2
376 k<4 k=4 k>4 aÛ`+bÛ`=4Û`+2Û`=20

y=xÛ`-4x+k x
xÛ`-4x+k=0
D 379
x xÛ`-4x+k=0
y= f(x) a<0
b
D y - >0
=4-k>0 k<4 2a
4
b>0 ( )
x xÛ`-4x+k=0
y= f(x) y
D
=4-k=0 k=4 f(0)=c>0 ( )
4
x xÛ`-4x+k=0 axÛ`+bx+c=0 D

D D=bÛ`-4ac>0
=4-k<0 k>4
4 bÛ`>4ac ( )

73

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 73 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 1 1 1 xÛ`-4x+6-(kx-5)=0 xÛ`-(k+4)x+11=0
a+ b+ c= (4a+2b+c)
2 4 4
f(2)=4a+2b+c>0 xÁ+xª=k+4=7
1 1 k=3
a+ b+ c>0 ( )
2 4
f(5)=0 25a+5b+c=0
25a+c=-5b<0 ( b>0) ( )
384
y=xÛ`+(a-1)x-b+2 (2 -2)

380 -2=2Û`+(a-1)_2-b+2 2a-b=-6

xÛ`+ax+4a-3=0 2 b=2a+6
f(x)=xÛ`+ax+4a-3 y= f(x) y=xÛ`+(a-1)x-2a-4
y=-2x+2
y=f{x}
xÛ`+(a-1)x-2a-4=-2x+2
xÛ`+(a+1)x-2a-6=0 D
x D=(a+1)Û`-4_(-2a-6)=0
2
(a+1)Û`+4_(2a+6)=0
aÛ`+10a+25=0 (a+5)Û`=0 a=-5
x=2 f(2)
b=2_(-5)+6=-4
1
f(2)=4+2a+4a-3<0 a<- a-b=(-5)-(-4)=-1
6
a -1

381 385
y=-xÛ`+3x+2 y=x+k
y=2xÛ`-5x+3 y=x+11
-xÛ`+3x+2=x+k
x 2xÛ`-5x+3=x+11
2xÛ`-6x-8=0 xÛ`-3x-4=0 yy TIP
(x+1)(x-4)=0 x=-1 x=4
-xÛ`+3x+2=x+k
(-1)+4=3
xÛ`-2x+k-2=0 D
TIP D
=1-(k-2)¾0
3 4
kÉ3

382 386
y=xÛ`-3x+a y=2x+1 y=ax+b`(a b )
(-1 1) 1=-a+b b=a+1 y=ax+a+1
xÛ`-3x+a=2x+1 xÛ`-5x+a-1=0 y=xÛ`-3x+1 y=ax+a+1
xÛ`-3x+1=ax+a+1
D x
D=5Û`-4(a-1)=-4a+29>0 xÛ`-(a+3)x-a=0 yy
29 D
a< a 7
4 D={-(a+3)}Û`-4_(-a)=0 aÛ`+10a+9=0
(a+9)(a+1)=0 a=-9 a=-1

383 a=-9 xÛ`+6x+9=(x+3)Û`=0

f(x)=xÛ`-4x+6 y=kx-5 x -3
(xÁ f(xÁ)) (xª f(xª)) a=-1 xÛ`-2x+1=(x-1)Û`=0
f(x)=kx-5 f(x)-(kx-5)=0 x 1
xÁ xª x (-3)+1=-2

74

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 74 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:12

 387 391
axÛ`+(b-m)x+c-n=0 axÛ`+bx+c=mx+n f(-5)= f(3) f(x)=axÛ`+bx+c
y=axÛ`+bx+c -5+3
x= x=-1
y=mx+n x 2
x -3 4 a>0 -5ÉxÉ2 y= f(x)

(-3)_4=-12
y=f{x}

388
2 y=2x+k`(k ) -5 x=-1 2

y=xÛ`-3x+4 -5ÉxÉ2 f(x) f(-5)

II
xÛ`-3x+4=2x+k xÛ`-5x+4-k=0 f(-1)

D
D=25-4(4-k)=0 392
9
4k+9=0 k=- y=-xÛ`-4x+3=-(xÛ`+4x+4)+4+3
4
9 =-(x+2)Û`+7
y=2x-
4 -3ÉxÉ3 y=-(x+2)Û`+7

y
y=-x@-4x+3 7
6
389 6
3
-3 O x
y=xÛ`+a y=bx+1
-2
xÛ`+a=bx+1 xÛ`-bx+a-1=0
2+'3
a b 2-'3
-18

b=(2+'3)+(2-'3)=4 a-1=(2+'3)(2-'3)=1 x=-2 M=-(-2+2)Û`+7=7

a=2 b=4 x=3 m=-(3+2)Û`+7=-18
a+b=2+4=6 M+m=7+(-18)=-11

390 393
f(x)=xÛ`-2x+k=(xÛ`-2x+1)+k-1
y=2xÛ`-8x+5
=(x-1)Û`+k-1
=2(xÛ`-4x+4)-8+5
-2ÉxÉ3 x=1 f(1)=k-1
=2(x-2)Û`-3
k-1=3 k=4
(2 -3)
g(x)=-xÛ`+4x+3=-(xÛ`-4x+4)+7
=-(x-2)Û`+7
y
y=2x@-8x+5 1ÉxÉ5 y=g(x)
y
5 7 y=g{x}
6

2
x 3
O

-3 5
O 1 2 x
x=2 -3
-2
a+b=2+(-3)=-1

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 x=2 g(2)=7
x=5 g(5)=-2
397 186

y=-5tÛ`+60t=-5(t-6)Û`+180
7+(-2)=5 t=6 180(m)
a=6 b=180
a+b=6+180=186

394 5

(a b) y=xÛ`-2x-3 398 20

b=aÛ`-2a-3
FBÓ=x (0<x<8) ABC AFE
2aÛ`-b+3=2aÛ`-(aÛ`-2a-3)+3
=aÛ`+2a+6=(a+1)Û`+5
FEÓ=AFÓ=8-FBÓ=8-x
2aÛ`-b+3 a=-1 5 A

E
F
8
395
2x+y=3 y=-2x+3 B C
D
8
2xÛ`+yÛ`=2xÛ`+(-2x+3)Û`
=2xÛ`+(4xÛ`-12x+9) BDEF
=6(x-1)Û`+3 FBÓ_FEÓ=x(8-x)=-(x-4)Û`+16
-1ÉxÉ2 y=6(x-1)Û`+3 x=4 16
a=4 b=16
y a+b=4+16=20

y=6{x-1}@+3
399
3
a b`(a>0 b>0)
O
x
3a+3b=30 b=10-a
-1 1 2

x=-1 M=6_(-2)Û`+3=27 '3 '3 '3

aÛ`+ bÛ`= {aÛ`+(10-a)Û`}
x=1 m=3 4 4 4
M+m=27+3=30 '3
= (2aÛ`-20a+100)
4
'3 25'3
= (a-5)Û`+
2 2
25'3
396 25 a=5
2

-1 (2 k)
f(x)=-(x-2)Û`+k -2ÉxÉ1 y= f(x)

y=f{x} 400
a(m)
b(m) a b
-2 1 2 a+2b=20 a=20-2b
f(x) x=-2
x=1 ab=(20-2b)b=-2(bÛ`-10b)
f(-2)=-16+k=-3 k=13 =-2(b-5)Û`+50
M= f(1)=-1+k=12 b=5 50
k+M=13+12=25 a=10(m)

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 x x -3
401 1
50 10 f(-3)<0 f(1)<0
1 (2000+50x) 3 9
f(x)=xÛ`+3x+a={x+ }2`+a-
(500-10x) ( 0<x<50) 2 4
3
x=-
2
(2000+50x)(500-10x)=-500xÛ`+5000x+1000000
f(1)<0 f(-3)<0 yy TIP
=-500(x-5)Û`+1012500
x 1 x
x=5
-3
f(1)<0
1 2250
f(1)=4+a<0
a<-4
402 TIP

II
y=2xÛ`-4x+k x y= f(x)
x a b a-b 3
x=-
2
a-b =4 yy x=-3 x=1
y=f{x}
2xÛ`-4x+k=0 a b
x

k
a+b=2 ab= yy
2
a-b Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab
16=4-2k
x=1
k=-6
x=-3 f(1)<0
f(-3)<0

403
xÛ`-2(a+2k)x+(aÛ`+4kÛ`+6k)=0
D 406 6

D f(x)=xÛ`-2x+k-3 f(x)=(x-1)Û`+k-4
=(a+2k)Û`-(aÛ`+4kÛ`+6k)=0
4
y= f(x) x=1
4ak-6k=0 2k(2a-3)=0
xÛ`-2x+k-3=0 -1
k
y= f(x) x
3
a= x -1
2
x=1 y=f{x}

404 2

y= f(x) x
-1 x
(a 0) (b 0)
a b f(x)=0
y= f(x) x=2 xÛ`-2x+k-3=0 D
a+b D
=2 a+b=4 yy =(-1)Û`-(k-3)>0 k<4 yy
2 4
f(3x-1)=0 p q f(-1)>0
(3p-1)+(3q-1)=a+b f(-1)=1+2+k-3>0 k>0 yy
3(p+q)-2=4 3(p+q)=6 0<k<4 k
p+q=2 1+2+3=6

405 407 25

xÛ`+3x+a=0 -3 f(x)g(x)=xÝ`-9xÛ`+4x+12
1 f(x)=xÛ`+3x+a y= f(x) f(-1)g(-1)=0 f(2)g(2)=0

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 y= f(x) y=g(x) 1
-1 1 0 -9 4 12 f(x)-g(x)=0 0
-1 1 8 -12 f(-1)-g(-1)>0
2 1 -1 -8 12 0 2_(-1)Û`+(a-c)_(-1)+b-d>0
2 2 -12 a-c-b+d<2 ( )
1 1 -6 0
f(x)g(x)=(x+1)(x-2)(xÛ`+x-6)
f(x)g(x)=(x+1)(x+3)(x-2)Û`
y= f(x) x 410
1
y= f(x) x=-1
f(x)=(x-2)Û` g(x)=(x+1)(x+3)
f(x)=(x+1)Û`+k (k )
f(3)+g(3)=(3-2)Û`+(3+1)_(3+3)=25
=xÛ`+2x+1+k yy
a=2 b=1+k
xÛ`-3x-2=0 a b
408
a+b=3 ab=-2 yy
f(x) a`(a>0) f(a)+ f(b)=(aÛ`+2a+1+k)+(bÛ`+2b+1+k)
g(x) h(x) -a a =(aÛ`+bÛ`)+2(a+b)+2(1+k)
y= f(x) x x=1 x=3 =(a+b)Û`-2ab+2(a+b)+2(1+k)
f(x)=a(x-1)(x-3) =3Û`-2_(-2)+2_3+2(1+k)`( )
y=g(x) x x=-1 x=3 =21+2k
f(a)+ f(b)=5 21+2k=5 2k=-16 k=-8
g(x)=-a(x+1)(x-3) f(x)=xÛ`+2x-7
y=h(x) x x=3 x=4 f(2)=2Û`+2_2-7=1

h(x)=a(x-3)(x-4)
f(x)+g(x)+h(x)=0 411 ;4(;
a(x-1)(x-3)-a(x+1)(x-3)+a(x-3)(x-4)=0
f(x)=0 DÁ
a(x-3){(x-1)-(x+1)+(x-4)}=0
DÁ
a(x-3)(x-6)=0 =(k-1)Û`-(kÛ`-5)=-2k+6
4
x=3 x=6 f(x)+g(x)+h(x)=0 g(x)=0 Dª
3+6=9 Dª=3Û`-4k=9-4k
a b aÛ`+bÛ`=5
a=2 b=1 a=1 b=2
409 Ú a=2 b=1
y= f(x) x
f(x)=xÛ`+ax+b g(x)=-xÛ`+cx+d
DÁ
f(x)-g(x)=2xÛ`+(a-c)x+b-d =-2k+6>0 k<3
4
y= f(x) y=g(x)
y=g(x) x
f(x)-g(x)=0
9
2xÛ`+(a-c)x+b-d=0 D Dª=9-4k=0 k=
4
D=(a-c)Û`-4_2(b-d)=0 9
k
(a-c)Û`=8(b-d) ( ) 4
a-c Û a=1 b=2
y= f(x)-g(x) x=-
4 y= f(x) x
c-a c-a DÁ
f(0)-g(0) f{ }-g{ } =-2k+6=0 k=3
2 2 4
y=g(x) x
f(0)=b g(0)=d f(0)-g(0)=b-d 9
Dª=9-4k>0 k<
c-a c-a 4
b-d= f{ }-g{ }
2 2 k
c-a c-a 9
b- f{ }=d-g{ } ( ) Ú Û k
2 2 4

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 412 415
y=xÛ`-2kx+kÛ`+4k y=ax+b (a b) (b a) y= f(x)
xÛ`-2kx+kÛ`+4k=ax+b b=aÛ`-5a-8 a=bÛ`-5b-8 yy
xÛ`-(2k+a)x+kÛ`+4k-b=0 D
D=(2k+a)Û`-4(kÛ`+4k-b)=0 b-a=aÛ`-bÛ`-5(a-b) (a+b)(a-b)-4(a-b)=0
4ak+aÛ`-16k+4b=0 k (a-b)(a+b-4)=0
(4a-16)k+aÛ`+4b=0 4a-16=0 aÛ`+4b=0 a>b a+b=4 b=4-a
a=4 b=-4 a+b=0 4-a=aÛ`-5a-8 aÛ`-4a-12=0
(a+2)(a-6)=0 a=6`( a>b) b=-2
y=xÛ`+k y=6x-2
413 aÉ-;2#; xÛ`+k=6x-2 xÛ`-6x+k+2=0
D
y=xÛ`+2ax+3 y=2x-1
D

II
x a b (a<b) =(-3)Û`-(k+2)=0
4
xÛ`+2ax+3=2x-1 xÛ`+(2a-2)x+4=0 k=7
a b (1 1) AB
aÉ1Éb yy TIP 1
f(x)=xÛ`+(2a-2)x+4 y= f(x) 416
x=1 0
f(x)=-xÛ`+5 g(x)=-2x+k
-xÛ`+5=-2x+k xÛ`-2x+k-5=0
y=f{x}
DÁ
DÁ
=(-1)Û`-(k-5)=0 k=kÁ=6
x 4
1
y= f(x) y=g(x)
3 x a b (a<b) a b
f(1)=1+2a-2+4É0 aÉ-
2
xÛ`-2x+k-5=0
TIP 1
(1 1) AB A B a+b=2 ab=k-5 yy
(1 1) aÉ1Éb y=g(x) g(a)>g(b)
y= f(x) y=g(x) y
TIP 2 8 g(a)-g(b)=8
ab=4 (-2a+k)-(-2b+k)=8 -2(a-b)=8
f(1)=0 a+b a-b=-4 yy
(a+b)Û`=(a-b)Û`+4ab
2Û`=(-4)Û`+4(k-5)`( ) 4k=8 k=kª=2
kÁ+kª=6+2=8
414
y=2x+a y=xÛ`-3x+5
xÛ`-3x+5=2x+a xÛ`-5x+5-a=0 417 -14

g(x)=-xÛ`-2x+4 h(x)=xÛ`-4x-8
DÁ g(x)=-(x+1)Û`+5 h(x)=(x-2)Û`-12
5 (-1 5) (2 -12)
DÁ=(-5)Û`-4_(5-a)<0 a<- yy
4
g(x)-h(x)=-xÛ`-2x+4-(xÛ`-4x-8)
y=2x+a y=xÛ`-2x-1
=-2xÛ`+2x+12
xÛ`-2x-1=2x+a
=-2(x+2)(x-3)
xÛ`-4x-1-a=0
g(x)-h(x)=0 x=-2 x=3
Dª
g(-2)=-(-2)Û`-2(-2)+4=4
Dª
=(-2)Û`-(-1-a)>0 a>-5 yy g(3)=-3Û`-2_3+4=-11
4
5 y=g(x) y=h(x)
-5<a<- a
4 (-2 4) (3 -11)
-4 -3 -2 3

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 f(t)=3 y=t y=g(x) 1+3k
SÁ-Sª=14 =14 3k=27
y=h(x) 3 2
k=9
y
5 y=5
y=4
4
420
23
-2 O x y=xÛ`+2(k+4)x+4 x
y=g{x}
-1 y=h{x} xÛ`+2(k+4)x+4=0
DÁ
DÁ
=(k+4)Û`-4=0
-11 4
y=-11
y=-12 kÛ`+8k+12=0 (k+6)(k+2)=0
-12
f(t)=3 t k=-6 k=-2 yy

5+4+(-11)+(-12)=-14 y=xÛ`+2(k+4)x+4 y=kx+3

xÛ`+2(k+4)x+4-kx-3=0
xÛ`+(k+8)x+1=0
418 Dª
2 y= f(x) x Dª=(k+8)Û`-4=0
(a 0) (b 0) kÛ`+16k+60=0 (k+10)(k+6)=0
f(x)=2(x-a)(x-b) yy k=-10 k=-6 yy
y= f(x) y=g(x) k -6
(a 0) (c f(c))
f(x)-g(x)=2(x-a)(x-c) yy y=xÛ`+2(k+4)x+4 x
40%
b-a=6 c-a=4 b-c=2 yy k
y=xÛ`+2(k+4)x+4 y=kx+3
40%
k
g(x)=2(x-a)(x-b)-2(x-a)(x-c)
k 20%
=2(x-a){(x-b)-(x-c)}
=2(x-a)(c-b)
=-4(x-a)`( )
g(-2)=4 421 14
g(-2)=-4(-2-a)=4 a=-1
y=xÛ`+2x+1 y=-(x-3)Û`+k
b=5 c=3
y=ax+b`(a b )
f(x)=2(x+1)(x-5) g(x)=-4(x+1)
y=xÛ`+2x+1
bc
f(2a)+g{ }= f(-2)+g(5) xÛ`+2x+1=ax+b xÛ`+(2-a)x+1-b=0
3
=2_(-1)_(-7)+(-4)_6=-10 DÁ
DÁ=(2-a)Û`-4(1-b)=0
aÛ`-4a+4b=0
419 4b=-aÛ`+4a yy
A B x a b A(a aÛ`) B(b bÛ`) y=-(x-3)Û`+k
a b xÛ`=x+k xÛ`-x-k=0 -(x-3)Û`+k=ax+b xÛ`+(a-6)x+b-k+9=0
Dª
a+b=1 ab=-k yy Dª=(a-6)Û`-4(b-k+9)=0
a>0 b<0 aÛ`-12a-4b+4k=0
1 1 1 1 2aÛ`-16a+4k=0`( ) aÛ`-8a+2k=0
SÁ= _a_aÛ`= aÜ` Sª= _(-b)_bÛ`=- bÜ`
2 2 2 2
1 1 1
SÁ-Sª= aÜ`-{- bÜ`}= (aÜ`+bÜ`)
2 2 2
D£
1 D£
= {(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)}
2 =(-4)Û`-2k>0 2k<16 k<8
4
1
= _{1Ü`-3_(-k)_1} ( ) k 7
2
1+3k aÛ`-8a+2k=0
=
2 2k 2k=2_7=14

80

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 y
422
f(x)=-xÛ`+4x+4=-(x-2)Û`+8
x¾0 g(x)=-(x-2)Û`+8
x<0 g(x)=-(-x-2)Û`+8=-(x+2)Û`+8 y=g{x}
f(x) (x¾0)
g(x)=[ -2 O 4 x
f(-x) (x<0)
y y=g(x) y=x+k
8
-2<x<4 y=- f(x)
(-2 0)
4
Ú y=x+k -2<x<4 y=- f(x)

-2 O 2 x
y=g{x}
-xÛ`+2x+8=x+k xÛ`-x+k-8=0

II
h(t)=2 t 1 2 3 8 D

a=1+2+3+8=14 33
D=(-1)Û`-4(k-8)=0 4k=33 k=
4
h(t)=4 t 5 6 7
Û y=x+k (-2 0)
b=5+6+7=18
y=x+k (-2 0)
b-a=18-14=4
0=-2+k k=2
Ú Û y=g(x) y=x+k

423 -8 k 2<k<
33
4
y= f(x) (0 -2) 33 33
pq=2_ =
f(x)=kxÛ`-2 (k 0 ) 4 2
y= f(x) (a 2)
4
f(a)=kaÛ`-2=2 k=
aÛ`
4
f(x)= xÛ`-2
aÛ`
2
y=g(x) (a 2) g(x)= x

4 2 2
a
425
f(x)-g(x)= xÛ`-2- x= (2xÛ`-ax-aÛ`)
aÛ` a aÛ` 2x+2=xÛ`+4x-1 xÛ`+2x-3=0
2 (x+3)(x-1)=0 x=-3 x=1
= (2x+a)(x-a)=0
aÛ` y=2x+2 y=xÛ`+4x-1
a
x=- x=a (-3 -4) (1 4)
2
y=xÛ`+4x-1=(x+2)Û`-5 f(x) x=-2
f(x)=g(x) 6
-5
a 3 1
a-{- }= a=6 ( a>0) a=4 k= y= f(x)
2 2 4
1 1 y y=f{x}
f(x)= xÛ`-2 f(x)=0 xÛ`-2=0 4
4 4
xÛ`-8=0
-8 -3 O 1
-2 x
-1

424 ;;£2£;;
-4
-5
f(x)=xÛ`-2x-8=(x+2)(x-4) y= f(x)
x x=-2 x=4 y= f(x) y=k
-2<x<4 f(x)<0 xÉ-2 x¾4 k k<-5 k>-4 ( )
f(x)¾0 y= f(x) y=x+a
- f(x) (-2<x<4) a y=x+a
g(x)=[
f(x) (xÉ-2 x¾4) y=xÛ`+4x-1
(-3 -4)

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 y y=f{x} aÉ2 aÉxÉ5 f(x) f(2)=-2
4

a>2
-3 O aÉxÉ5 f(x) f(a)
-2 1 x
f(a)=-3
f(a)=-aÛ`+4a-6=-3
-4
-5
aÛ`-4a+3=0 (a-1)(a-3)=0
a=3 ( a>2)
xÛ`+4x-1=x+a xÛ`+3x-1-a=0
DÁ
DÁ=3Û`-4(-1-a)=0 4a=-13
427 29

13 g(x) f(x) 2
a=-
4 g(x)- f(x) -2
y=x+a (-3 -4) y=g(x)- f(x) x=3 4
-4=-3+a a=-1 g(x)- f(x)=-2(x-3)Û`+4
y= f(x) y=x+a =-2xÛ`+12x-14
a y= f(x) y=g(x) x=a x=b
13 g(x)- f(x)=0 a b
- <a<-1 ( )
4
-2xÛ`+12x-14=0
y= f(x) y=-x+b
y=-x+b
a+b=6 ab=7
(-3 -4) y=xÛ`+4x-1
aÛ`+ab+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-ab=36-7=29

y y=f{x}
4
428
-1+3
-3 O y= f(x) x= =1
-2 x
2
1
x 1
a=-2
-4
-5 f(x)=xÛ`-2x+b y= f(x)

xÛ`+4x-1=-x+b xÛ`+5x-1-b=0 y=f{x}

Dª
29
Dª=5Û`-4(-1-b)=0 4b=-29 b=-
4
y=-x+b (-3 -4)
-4=-(-3)+b b=-7
y= f(x) y=-x+b
-2 1 2
29
b - -7 ( ) -2ÉxÉ2 f(x) x 1
4
x=-2
f(-2)=(-2)Û`-2_(-2)+b=12 b=4
f(x)=xÛ`-2x+4
426 f(3)=3Û`-2_3+4=7
f(x)=-xÛ`+4x-6=-(x-2)Û`-2
429
y
2 xÛ`+2(k+1)x+kÛ`-2k+5=0
O x
D
-2 y=f{x} D
=(k+1)Û`-(kÛ`-2k+5)¾0 4k¾4
4
k¾1 yy
xÛ`+2(k+1)x+kÛ`-2k+5=0

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 a+b=-2(k+1)=-2k-2 ab=kÛ`-2k+5 k 2ÉxÉ3 f(x)

(a-2)(b-2)=ab-2(a+b)+4 Ú kÉ2
=kÛ`-2k+5-2(-2k-2)+4 2ÉxÉ3 f(x) x=2
=kÛ`+2k+13 f(2)=-2_2Û`+4k_2-2kÛ`-1=-2kÛ`+8k-9
=(k+1)Û`+12 -2kÛ`+8k-9=-3 2kÛ`-8k+6=0
k¾1 2(k-1)(k-3)=0 k=1 ( kÉ2)
(a-2)(b-2) k=1 16 Û 2<k<3
2ÉxÉ3 f(x)
f(k)=-1 -3 k
430 45

f(x)=0 Ü k¾3
-xÛ`+ax-b=0 D 2ÉxÉ3 f(x) x=3
D=aÛ`-4(-1)(-b)=0 aÛ`=4b yy f(3)=-2_3Û`+4k_3-2kÛ`-1=-2kÛ`+12k-19

II
a aÛ` -2kÛ`+12k-19=-3 2kÛ`-12k+16=0
f(x)=-xÛ`+ax-b=-{x- }Û`+ -b
2 4 2(x-2)(x-4)=0 k=4 ( k¾3)
a>0 y= f(x) Ú~Ü k
a 1+4=5
-aÉxÉa x=
2
x=-a
-45 433
f(-a)=-(-a)Û`+a(-a)-b y=(xÛ`-4x+3)Û`-12(xÛ`-4x+3)+30
=-2aÛ`-b t=xÛ`-4x+3
=-2_4b-b`( ) t=(x-2)Û`-1 -1ÉxÉ3
=-9b x=2 t=-1
-9b=-45 b=5 aÛ`=20`( ) x=-1 t=8
aÛ`+bÛ`=20+5Û`=45
y=(xÛ`-4x+3)Û`-12(xÛ`-4x+3)+30
=tÛ`-12t+30
431 =(t-6)Û`-6
f(-3)= f(9) y= f(x) -1ÉtÉ8
-3+9 t=6 -6
x= =3 f(x)=xÛ`-6x+a (a )
2
t=-1 43
yy
f(x)=(x-3)Û`+a-9 x=3
f(x) f(3) ( )
t=xÛ`-4x+3 t 40%
1ÉxÉ6 f(x) x=3
-1ÉtÉ8 y=tÛ`-12t+30 60%
x=6

f(6)- f(3)=(36-36+a)-(9-18+a)=9 ( )
y= f(x) x
434
f(x)=0 D xÛ`-5x-6=0 (x+1)(x-6)=0
D x=-1 x=6 B(-1 0) C(6 0)
=9-a<0 ( ) a>9
4 P A C
f(0)=a>9 y= f(x) x 0ÉaÉ6 P y=xÛ`-5x-6
( ) b=aÛ`-5a-6

aÛ`+4b-1=aÛ`+4(aÛ`-5a-6)-1
=5aÛ`-20a-25
432 5
=5(a-2)Û`-45
f(x)=-2xÛ`+4kx-2kÛ`-1 0ÉaÉ6
=-2(x-k)Û`-1 a=2 -45
y= f(x) (k -1) a=6 35

83

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 83 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 f(-1)=- f(2) <0 f(2)>0
a 20% f(-1)+ f(2)=0 yy
P y=xÛ`-5x-6 Ú a>0
40%
aÛ`+4b-1 a
aÛ`+4b-1 40%
-1 1 2
x
{-1,`f{-1}}
y=f{x}
{2,`f{2}}
435 f(2)< f(-1)<0
f(x) x=-1 Û a<0
y= f(x) x=-1 yy
{2,`f{2}}
tÉxÉt+2 f(x) g(t)
-1 1 2 x
{-1,`f{-1}}

y=f{x}
f{t}
f{t+2}

f(-1)+ f(2)={a_(-2)Û`+b}+(a_1Û`+b)
=(4a+b)+(a+b)=5a+2b=0 yy
Ú Û a<0 f(x)
x=t x=t+2 x=t x=t+2
x=-1 x=-1
tÉ-2 t>-2 -2ÉxÉ2 f(x) x=-2
tÉ-2 tÉxÉt+2 f(x) f(t) -26
g(t)= f(t) f(-2)=a_(-3)Û`+b=9a+b=-26 b=-26-9a yy
t>-2 tÉxÉt+2 f(x) a=-4 b=10
f(t+2) g(t)= f(t+2) f(x)=-4(x-1)Û`+10
f(t) (tÉ-2) f(3)=-4_(3-1)Û`+10=-6
g(t)=[
f(t+2) (t>-2)

g{-2}=f{-2}
437
y=g{t} y= f(x) x=2
f(x)=axÛ`-4ax+b`(a b a+0) yy
f(x)=4x-1
axÛ`-2(2a+2)x+b+1=0
t=-2 D
g(t) 4 g(-2)=4 D
=(2a+2)Û`-a(b+1)=0 yy
f(-2)= f(0)=4 4
f(x)-4=ax(x+2)(a<0) 1ÉxÉ4 f(x) 5
f(-1)=7 -3 a
f(-1)-4=a_(-1)_(-1+2) a=-3 Ú a>0
f(x)=-3x(x+2)+4 y= f(x)
f(-5)=-3_(-5)_(-5+2)+4=-41 f(4) f(2)
f(4)=a_4Û`-4a_4+b=5 b=5 ( )
f(2)=a_2Û`-4a_2+b=-3 -4a+b=-3
-4a=-8 ( b=5) a=2
436 f(x)=2xÛ`-8x+5
f(-1)= f(3) f(x) D
a=2 b=5 =6Û`-2(5+1)=24+0
-1+3 4
x= =1
2
f(x)=a(x-1)Û`+b (a b a+0) Û a<0
f(x) x=1 f(-1)+ f(2) y= f(x)
f(-1)+ f(2) =0 f(2) f(4)

84

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 84 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 f(4)=b=-3 f(2)=-4a+b=5 -4a=8( b=-3) ABCD 15
a=-2 f(x)=-2xÛ`+8x-3 APÓ=BQÓ=CRÓ=DSÓ=x
a=-2 b=-3 1
SAP QCR x(5-x)
D 2
=(-2)Û`+2(-3+1)=0
4 1
PBQ RDS x(3-x)
Ú Û f(x)=-2xÛ`+8x-3 2
a b f(x)=3 PQRS
-2xÛ`+8x-3=3 xÛ`-4x+3=0 15-{x(5-x)+x(3-x)}=2xÛ`-8x+15
(x-3)(x-1)=0 x=1 x=3 =2(x-2)Û`+7
aÛ`+bÛ`=1Û`+3Û`=10 0<x<3 x=2 7

438 441

II
A BC M
x y
AÕMÓ=2'3
A

2(x+y)=40 x+y=20 yy

2 4
xy-4_2Û`=xy-16 yy B C
P M

xy-16=x(20-x)-16=-xÛ`+20x-16 APÓ Û`+BPÓ Û` P BM

=-(x-10)Û`+84 (4<x<16) yy

84 PÕMÓ=t (0ÉtÉ2)
APÓ Û`+BPÓ Û`=PÕMÓ Û`+AÕMÓ Û`+BPÓ Û`
=tÛ`+(2'3)Û`+(2-t)Û`
=2tÛ`-4t+16=2(tÛ`-2t+8)
439 16
=2(t-1)Û`+14
A B C t=1 14
D E F G EF M
A
P CM
D G
APÓ¾AÕMÓ BPÓ¾BÕMÓ
8 APÓ Û`+BPÓ Û`¾AÕMÓ Û`+BÕMÓ Û` P M
APÓ Û`+BPÓ Û`
B C APÓ Û`+BPÓ Û` P
E M F
8 BM
ABM DBE
BÕMÓ AÕMÓ=1 2 DEÓ=2BEÓ
EÕMÓ=a (0<a<4)
BEÓ=4-a DEÓ=2(4-a)
DEFG
442 50

2a_2(4-a)=-4(aÛ`-4a) a`% 2a
=-4(a-2)Û`+16 f(a)
0<a<4 a=2 f(a)=100(1+0 01a)(300-2a)
16 =(100+a)(300-2a)
=-2aÛ`+100a+30000
=-2(a-25)Û`+31250

440 25`% 31250( )

PQRS ABCD b 31250
= =50
SAP PBQ QCR RDS aÛ` 25Û`

85

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 85 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 P(a b)
443 PRÓ=(aÛ`+3)-(a+1)
y=x+4 y=-2x+7 =aÛ`-a+2
x+4=-2x+7 x=1 (1 5) 1 7
={a- }2`+
y=x+4 2 4
A(a a+4) y=-2x+7 1 7
a= PQÓ m=
2 4
B(b -2b+7) y
P(a b) y=xÛ`+3
a+4=-2b+7 a=3-2b yy
1 13
b-a a+4 b=aÛ`+3= +3=
4 4
1 13 7
a+b+m= + +
(b-a)(a+4)={b-(3-2b)}{(3-2b)+4}`( ) 2 4 4
=(3b-3)(-2b+7) 11
=
2
=-6bÛ`+27b-21
9
=-6{b- }Û`+
243
-21 TIP
4 8
(y ) PRÓ
9 75 RQ = =1
=-6{b- }Û`+ (x ) PQÓ
4 8
PQÓ=PRÓ
9 75
b=
4 8

447
444 x y
A(a aÛ`-7) B(a -2aÛ`+5) C(-a -2aÛ`+5) (0 8)
D(-a aÛ`-7) (3 2) (1 0)
ADÓ=BCÓ=a-(-a)=2a y
BAÓ=CDÓ=(-2aÛ`+5)-(aÛ`-7) 8

=-3aÛ`+12
ABCD h(a)
h(a)=ADÓ+BCÓ+BAÓ+CDÓ 2
=2(ADÓ+BAÓ) O 1 3 5 x
=2(2a-3aÛ`+12)
y=k(x-3)Û`+2`(k+0)
1 74
=-6{a- }2`+ 1
3 3 x=1 y=0 k=-
2
1
ABCD a= 1
3 y=- (x-3)Û`+2
2

445 (0 8) y=mx+8`(m<0)
y=-xÛ`+8x=-(x-4)Û`+16 1
- (x-3)Û`+2=mx+8
x=4 2
A (a -aÛ`+8a) (0<a<4) xÛ`+(2m-6)x+21=0 D
D x 8-a ADÓ=8-2a D
=(m-3)Û`-21=0 mÛ`-6m-12=0
4
ABCD
m=3-'2Œ1 ( m<0)
2(ABÓ+ADÓ)=2(-aÛ`+8a+8-2a)
y=(3-'2Œ1)x+8
=-2(aÛ`-6a-8)
x x
=-2(a-3)Û`+34
8 8('2Œ1+3) 2('2Œ1+3)
a=3 34 = =
'2Œ1-3 12 3

446 448
P y y=x+1 y= f(x)
R PQÓ=PRÓ yy TIP (a b)

86

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 86 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 x=a b
1 1 1
450
a= f(x)={x- }Û`+b x= 3
2 2 2 y= f(x) x
1 x a b (a<b) b-a=a
f{ }=b=3 ( )
2
f(x)=k(x-a)(x-b)`(k+0)
a>2 f(x) x=2
y= f(x) y=2
f(2)=(2-a)Û`+b=3 b=-aÛ`+4a-1 ( )
a+4 x a-2 b+2
Ú aÉ0
f(x)=2 a-2 b+2
f(x) x=0
f(b+2)=2k(b-a+2)=2 k(a+2)=1 yy
f(0)=aÛ`+b=3 b=-aÛ`+3
y= f(x) y=6
1 13
a+b=-aÛ`+a+3=-{a- }Û`+ a+8 x a-4 b+4
2 4
a+b a=0 3 f(x)=6 a-4 b+4
Û 0<aÉ2 f(b+4)=4k(b-a+4)=6 2k(a+4)=3 yy
f(x) x=a b=3

II
3<a+bÉ5 a+b a=2 5 a+2 1
= 3(a+2)=2(a+4)
2(a+4) 3
Ü a>2
a=2
b=-aÛ`+4a-1
1
5 21 k=
a+b=-aÛ`+5a-1=-{a- }Û`+ 4
2 4
1
5 21 f(x)= (x-a)(x-b)
a+b a= 4
2 4
a+b 1 b-a a-b
21 m= f{ }= _ _ yy TIP
Ú~Ü a+b ( ) 2 4 2 2
4
1 1
=- aÛ`=-
16 4

TIP
x x
449 a b (a<b)
+
y=xÛ`+2ax+aÛ`-12 y=2x-n x=
2

xÛ`+2ax+aÛ`-12=2x-n
xÛ`+2(a-1)x+aÛ`+n-12=0
D
x
D
=(a-1)Û`-(aÛ`+n-12)
4
=-2a-n+13>0 a+b
x=
2
n<13-2a yy
a=2 n<13-4=9
n 8 f(2)=8 ( )
xÁ=0 1 xª=0 2
n<13-0 2=12 8 f(0 1)=12
n<13-0 4=12 6 f(0 2)=12 451
xÁ<xª f(xÁ)= f(xª) ( )
c=0 f(x)=axÛ`+bx
a=0 n<13 f(0)=12
a=1 n<13-2=11 f(1)=10
f(-2)+ f(2)=(4a-2b)+(4a+2b)=8a<0
a=2 n<13-4=9 f(2)=8
a<0
a=3 n<13-6=7 f(3)=6
-2ÉxÉ2 x
a=4 n<13-8=5 f(4)=4
b
a=5 n<13-10=3 f(5)=2 f(x) x=-
2a
a¾6 n<13-2aÉ1 f(a)=0 b
- É-2
f(0)+ f(1)+ f(2)+y+ f(100)=12+10+8+6+4+2 2a
=42 ( ) f(0)=0 f(0)> f(1)
f(1)<0 ( )

87

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 87 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 b BD AC
- É-2 a<0 -2a
2a (k-3)Û`
bÉ4a`( -2a>0) ( ) 4 k-3
AC =
b k+3 2
f(x)=0 - -3
a 2
b b k-3
- É-2 - É-4 BD y= (x-k)
2a a 2
-4 ( ) k-3
y= f(x) y= (x-k) B D
2

k-3 k-3
-(x-3)(x-k)= (x-k) (x-k)[ +(x-3)]=0
2 2
k-9 9-k
(x-k){x+ }=0 x=k x=
2 2
452 D x x=
9-k
2
y= f(x)
k-3 9-k 3(k-3)Û`
(p kp) y y= { -k}=-
2 2 4
f(x)=(x-p)Û`+kp yy AED 12
y= f(x) x 1 9-k 3(k-3)Û`
_{3- }_ =12 (k-3)(k-3)Û`=64
1 1 2 2 4
{a+b- }
2 2 (k-3)Ü`=4Ü` k-3=4 k=7
1 1 ADB ABÓ=k-3=4
p= {a+b- } yy
2 2
3(k-3)Û` 3
y= f(x) y=kx+5 = _4Û`=12
4 4
x a b f(x)=kx+5 1
_4_12=24
a b 2
f(x)-(kx+5)=(x-p)Û`+kp-(kx+5)
=xÛ`-(2p+k)x+pÛ`+kp-5
xÛ`-(2p+k)x+pÛ`+kp-5=0
a+b=2p+k
1 1
a+b=a+b- +k ( ) k=
2 2

a+b=2p+
1
2
1
ab=pÛ`+ p-5
2
454
(a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab x=0 f(0)= f(-4)
1 1 y= f(x) x=-2
={2p+ }2`-4{pÛ`+ p-5}
2 2 y= f(x)
1 1
={4pÛ`+2p+ }-4{pÛ`+ p-5}
4 2
f(x)=a(x+2)Û`+b (a b a<0)
1 81
= +20= y= f(x) ( )
4 4
81 9 f(x)=a(x+2)Û`+b (a<0) x=-2
a-b =®Â =
4 2 ( )
y= f(x)
f(-3)> f(0)> f(-5) ( )

453 24

-1 y= f(x)
A(3 0) B(k 0) f(x)=-(x-3)(x-k)
f(x)=-{xÛ`-(k+3)x+3k}
k+3 Û (k+3)Û` -5 -3-2 0
=-{x- }`+ -3k
2 4
f(x)=a(x+2)Û`+b=axÛ`+4ax+4a+b
k+3 Û (k-3)Û`
=-{x- }`+ f(x)=0
2 4
-4 ( )
k+3 (k-3)Û`
C{ } -4Éx<2 y= f(x)
2 4

88

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 88 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 y= f(x) y=g(x) (-1 2) (2 -1)

f(x) (xÉ-1 x¾2)

h(x)=[
g(x) (-1<x<2)

y y=h{x}
-4 -2 2
f(x) ( ) 3

2
-1 O x
-1
455 120
y=kx+4 (0 4) y=h(x)
f(x)=axÛ` (a+0) y=kx+4

II
f(x)+g(x)
g(x)=-axÛ`+bx+c (b+0) Ú y=kx+4 (2 -1)
f(x)+g(x)=bx+c bx+c¾0 x¾2 y y=h{x}
c
b>0 - =2 c=-2b 4
b 3
f(x)-g(x)=2axÛ`-bx+2b
2
x=1
b 2
a>0 =1 b=4a -1 O x
4a
-1
c=-2b c=-8a
y=kx+4 (2 -1)
g(x)=-a(xÛ`-4x+8)=-a(x-2)Û`-4a
5
{ f(x)-k}_{ g(x)-k}=0 -1=2k+4 k=-
2
f(x)-k=0 g(x)-k=0 Û y=kx+4 y=g(x)
g(x)=kx+4
y= f(x) y=k xÛ`+kx+1=0 D D=kÛ`-4=0
y=g(x) y=k k=2 k=-2
y=k y= f(x) y=g(x) k=2 y=2x+4 g(x)=2x+4
y
y=f(x) -xÛ`+3=2x+4 xÛ`+2x+1=0 (x+1)Û`=0
x=-1
(-1 2)
2 y=h(x) y=2x+4
O x

-4a y=k y y=h{x}

4
3

y=g(x) 2

-4a<k<0 k 5 2
-6É-4a<-5 -1 O x
-1
5 3
<aÉ k=-2 y=-2x+4
4 2
f(22)+g(22)=4a(22-2)=80a g(x)=-2x+4 -xÛ`+3=-2x+4 xÛ`-2x+1=0
f(22)+g(22) 120 (x-1)Û`=0 x=1
(1 2) y=h(x)
y=-2x+4 (1 2)

456 5

f(x)=g(x) xÛ`-2x-1=-xÛ`+3 2xÛ`-2x-4=0

2(x+1)(x-2)=0 x=-1 x=2

89

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 89 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 y y=h{x}
mn=-8
4
3 (m n)
2 (-1 8) (1 -8) (8 -1) (-8 1) (-2 4) (2 -4)
{1,`2}
(4 -2) (-4 2) 8
x
8 m+n -7 -2 2
-1 O
-1 7 4 m+n -7 7
Ú Û k 2
5 m+n =7
{- }_(-2)=5
2 1
f(x)=a(x+4)(x-2) g(x)= (x+2)(x-4)
a
f(x)-g(x)=0 -1
457 g(x)- f(x)=0
( )
f(x)g(x)=(x+2)(x-2)(x+4)(x-4)
f(x)=0 6
0 a
1
f(x)=a(x+2)(x-4) g(x)= (x+4)(x-2)
a 458 9

1 f(x)=axÛ`-2abx+3=a(x-b)Û`+3-abÛ`
f(x)=a(x+4)(x-2) g(x)= (x+2)(x-4)
a
y= f(x) (b 3-abÛ`)
f(2)=0 f(x)=a(x+4)(x-2)
a
1
g(x)= (x+2)(x-4) g(4)=0 ( ) Ú a>0
a
g(-2)>0 f(x)=a(x+2)(x-4) y= f(x) b
1
g(x)= (x+4)(x-2)
a b<-2
y=g(x) a<0 x=-2
-2+4 4a+4ab+3=-5 a(1+b)=-2
f(x)=a(x+2)(x-4) x= =1
2 a b
a<0 -3ÉxÉ3 f(-3) ( ) (1 -3) 1
1 -2ÉbÉ2
f(x)=a(x+2)(x-4) g(x)= (x+4)(x-2)
a
x=b
f(x)-g(x)=0
3-abÛ`=-5 abÛ`=8
1 1 1
{a- }xÛ`-2{a+ }x-8{a- }=0 yy a b
a a a
m n (8 1) (8 -1) (2 2) (2 -2) 4
1 aÛ`-1 b>2
a- = +0
a a x=2
a 4a-4ab+3=-5 a(b-1)=2
aÛ`-1
a b
2(aÛ`+1)
xÛ`- x-8=0 yy (1 3) 1
aÛ`-1
m+n=k (k ) Û a<0
y= f(x) b
2(aÛ`+1)
- =-k 2aÛ`+2=kaÛ`-k
aÛ`-1 b<0
k+2 x=2
(k-2)aÛ`=k+2 aÛ`=
k-2
4a-4ab+3=-5 a(b-1)=2
a+0 aÛ`>0
a b
Ú k-2<0
(-1 -1) 1
k+2
>0 k+2<0 k<-2 b¾0
k-2
x=-2
Û k-2>0
4a+4ab+3=-5 a(1+b)=-2
k+2
k+2>0 >0 a b
k-2
Ú Û k<-2 k>2 yy (-2 0) (-1 1) 2

90

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 90 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Ú Û (a b) y= f(x) y=h(x)
1+4+1+1+2=9 y= f(x) x=k
y=h(x)
TIP 1
g(x)-g(2k)¾h(x)-h(2k) y=g(x)
a>0 y= f(x) -2ÉbÉ2
x=2k y=h(x)
b>2
y= f(x) y=g(x) 1 4
x=2 b<-2
f(x)-h(x)=(x-k)Û`
x=-2
g(x)-h(x)=4(x-2k)Û`=(2x-4k)Û`
a<0 y= f(x)
b¾0 x=-2
f(x)-g(x)=(x-k)Û`-(2x-4k)Û`
b<0 x=2
={(x-k)+(2x-4k)}{(x-k)-(2x-4k)}
=(3x-5k)(-x+3k) yy
TIP 2
y= f(x) y=g(x)
a>0 y= f(x) b 5

II
x= k x=3k
3
b<-2 -2ÉbÉ2 x
x=-2 1 5 1 5
1 3k=1`( k>0) k= a= _ =
3 3 3 9
5
f(x)-g(x)=-{3x- }(x-1)
3
5
f(2)-g(2)=-{3_2- }(2-1)
3
x=2 x=-2 x=2 13
=-
b>2 3
x=2

460
g(x)- f(x)=2xÛ`-8ax+b
x=-2
g(x)- f(x)=0 2xÛ`-8ax+b=0
a<0 y= f(x) b
4aÑ"Ã16aÛ`-2b
x=
2
b<0 b¾0 "Ã16aÛ`-2b=4 16aÛ`-2b=16
x=2 x=-2
a=1 b=0 ( )
f(x)=-xÛ`+2ax=-xÛ`+2ax-aÛ`+aÛ`
=-(x-a)Û`+aÛ`
g(x)=xÛ`-6ax+b=xÛ`-6ax+9aÛ`+b-9aÛ`
=(x-3a)Û`+b-9aÛ`
x=-2 x=2
=(x-3a)Û`-aÛ`-8 ( )
f(a)-g(3a) f(x)
g(x)
459 -;;Á3£;; f(b)É f(a) g(a)¾ g(3a)
f(b)-g(a)É f(a)-g(3a) ( )
f(x)- f(k)¾h(x)-h(k) x-k
b=8(aÛ`-1) 10aÛ`-b=2aÛ`+8
f(a)-g(3a)=aÛ`-(-aÛ`-8)=2aÛ`+8
f(x)-f(k) h(x)-h(k)
x>k ¾ f(a)=g(b)+10aÛ`-bÛ` f(a)-g(b)=2aÛ`+8
x-k x-k
f(x)-f(k) h(x)-h(k) f(a) f(x) g(b) g(x)
x<k É
x-k x-k
x>k y= f(x) (x f(x)) a=a b=3a
(k f(k)) y=h(x) b-a=4
x<k y= f(x) a=2 b=8(aÛ`-1) b=24
(x f(x)) (k f(k)) y=h(x) a+b=26 ( )

91

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 91 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 461 243
AB DC E
xÛ`-4x+2=-2xÛ`+2x+8 3xÛ`-6x-6=0
E BC H
xÛ`-2x-2=0 a b E
a+b=2 ab=-2 A D
|a-b|Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab=12 |a-b|=2'3
( ADBC )
=( ADC )+( BCD ) B C
H
ADC CD hÁ EAD EBC 2 : 10
BCD CD hª 1:5
1 1 1 : 5=(EHÓ-5) : EHÓ
( ADBC )= _CDÓ_hÁ+ _CDÓ_hª
2 2
25
1 5(EHÓ-5)=EHÓ 4EHÓ=25 EHÓ=
= _CDÓ_(hÁ+hª) 4
2
AB DC
hÁ+hª= a-b =2'3 CDÓ
X Y Y AB BC
ADBC
Z
CD x=m`(a<m<b)
XBZY
CDÓ=(-2mÛ`+2m+8)-(mÛ`-4m+2)
E
=-3mÛ`+6m+6 A D
=-3(m-1)Û`+9
X Y
CDÓ 9
ADBC B
Z K
C
1 Y BC K
k= _9_2'3=9'3 kÛ`=(9'3)Û`=243
2
ZCÓ=a (0<a<10)
EBC YZC 10 : a
25
10 : a= : YKÓ
4
462 125
25 5
10YKÓ= a YKÓ= a
D BC D' AB DC 4 8
E F E F BZÓ=10-a XBZY
BC E' F' 5 5 125
YKÓ_BZÓ= a(10-a)=- (a-5)2+
2
8 8 8
A D
125
G
a=5 S=
E F 8
5
b 8S=125
a
B C TIP
E' A' D' F'
10 AA'Ó=DD'Ó EE'Ó=FF'Ó
EE'F'F a AA'Ó : A'BÓ=EE'Ó : E'BÓ DD'Ó : D'CÓ=FF'Ó : F'CÓ
b ab AA'Ó : A'BÓ=EE'Ó : E'BÓ AA'Ó : D'CÓ=EE'Ó : F'CÓ
AÕ'BÓ+DÕ'CÓ=8 yy A'BÓ E'BÓ D'CÓ F'CÓ
= =
ABA' EBE' AA'Ó EE'Ó AA'Ó EE'Ó
DD'C FF'C A'BÓ+D'CÓ E'BÓ+F'CÓ
=
AÕA'Ó AÕ'BÓ=EÕE'Ó EÕ'BÓ DÕD'Ó DÕ'CÓ=FÕF'Ó FÕ'CÓ AA'Ó EE'Ó
AÕA'Ó=DÕD'Ó EÕE'Ó=FÕF'Ó AA'Ó : (A'BÓ+D'CÓ)=EE'Ó : (E'BÓ+F'CÓ)
AÕA'Ó (AÕ'BÓ+DÕ'CÓ)=EÕE'Ó (EÕ'BÓ+FÕ'CÓ) yy
5 8=b (10-a)
5
b= (10-a)
8

5 5 125
ab= a(10-a)=- (a-5)Û`+
8 8 8
125
a=5 S=
8
8S=125

92

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 92 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 03 466
xÝ`+axÜ`+bxÛ`+cx+d=0
1-i 1+'2 1+i 1-'2
463 1 1-i 1+i
2 2 xÛ`-2x+2=0
xÜ`+8=(x+2)(xÛ`-2x+4)=0
1 1-'2 1+'2
x=-2 xÛ`-2x+4=0
2 -1
xÛ`-2x+4=0 x=1Ñ'3i
xÛ`-2x-1=0
x=-2 ( )
xÝ`+axÜ`+bxÛ`+cx+d=(xÛ`-2x+2)(xÛ`-2x-1)
1 2
=xÝ`-4xÜ`+5xÛ`-2x-2
3 ( )
a=-4 b=5 c=-2 d=-2
x=1Ñ'3i 2 ( )
abcd=-80

II
467 -3

464 4
xÝ`-2xÜ`-x+2=0
f(x)=xÜ`+5xÛ`+10x+6 xÜ`(x-2)-(x-2)=0
f(-1)=-1+5-10+6=0 (x-2)(xÜ`-1)=0
f(x) (x-2)(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0
-1 1 5 10 6 xÛ`+x+1=0 D
-1 -4 -6 D=1Û`-4=-3<0
1 4 6 0 a b xÛ`+x+1=0

f(x)=(x+1)(xÛ`+4x+6) yy
xÛ`+4x+6=0 D a+b=-1 ab=1

D (a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab=(-1)Û`-4=-3
=2Û`-6=-2<0
4
a b xÛ`+4x+6=0

a+b=-4 ab=6 468

aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab=(-4)Û`-12=4 x(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)-15=0
x(x+3)_(x+1)(x+2)-15=0
(xÛ`+3x)(xÛ`+3x+2)-15=0
f(x)=xÜ`+5xÛ`+10x+6
xÛ`+3x=t
f(-1)=(-1)+5-10+6=0
t(t+2)-15=0 tÛ`+2t-15=0
xÜ`+5xÛ`+10x+6=0 -1 a b
(t+5)(t-3)=0 (xÛ`+3x+5)(xÛ`+3x-3)=0
xÛ`+3x+5=0 xÛ`+3x-3=0
(-1)+a+b=-5 (-1)_a_b=-6
xÛ`+3x+5=0 w
a+b=-4 ab=6
aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab=(-4)Û`-12=4
wÛ`+3w+5=0
wÛ`+3w=-5

465
xÝ`+2xÜ`-xÛ`-2x-3=0 a b c d
469
xÝ`-16xÛ`+36=0 xÝ`-12xÛ`+36-4xÛ`=0
xÝ`+2xÜ`-xÛ`-2x-3=(x-a)(x-b)(x-c)(x-d) (xÛ`-6)Û`-(2x)Û`=0 (xÛ`+2x-6)(xÛ`-2x-6)=0
x xÛ`+2x-6=0 x=-1Ñ'7
x=2 xÛ`-2x-6=0 x=1Ñ'7
16+16-4-4-3=(2-a)(2-b)(2-c)(2-d) M=1+'7 m=-1-'7
(2-a)(2-b)(2-c)(2-d)=21 M-m=2+2'7

93

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 93 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 (a+b+c)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2(ab+bc+ca)
470 aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=2Û`-2_4=-4 yy
-2 aÜ`+bÜ`+cÜ`=(a+b+c)(aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`-ab-bc-ca)+3abc
16+32-4-32-a=0 a=12
xÝ`-4xÜ`-xÛ`+16x-12=0 aÜ`+bÜ`+cÜ`=2_(-4-4)+3_(-3) ( )
x=1 -2 =-16-9=-25

-2 1 -4 -1 16 -12 (ab+bc+ca)Û`=aÛ`bÛ`+bÛ`cÛ`+cÛ`aÛ`+2abc(a+b+c)
-2 12 -22 12 aÛ`bÛ`+bÛ`cÛ`+cÛ`aÛ`=4Û`-2_(-3)_2=28
1 1 -6 11 -6 0
1 -5 6
1 -5 6 0 474
xÝ`-4xÜ`-xÛ`+16x-12=(x+2)(x-1)(xÛ`-5x+6) xÜ`+yÜ`=(2-'5)+(2+'5)=4
=(x+2)(x-1)(x-2)(x-3) xÜ`yÜ`=(2-'5)(2+'5)=-1 xy=-1 ( x y )
-2 1 2 3 xÜ`+yÜ`=(x+y)Ü`-3xy(x+y) x+y=t
4=tÜ`+3t tÜ`+3t-4=0 (t-1)(tÛ`+t+4)=0
1_2_3=6 t=1 tÛ`+t+4=0
tÛ`+t+4=0 D
D=1-16=-15<0
471 k>;4!;
x y
xÜ`+2kxÛ`+(kÛ`+2k-1)x+kÛ`=0 x=-1 x+y=1

-1 1 2k kÛ`+2k-1 kÛ`
-1 -2k+1 -kÛ` 475
1 2k-1 kÛ` 0
(x+1){xÛ`+(2k-1)x+kÛ`}=0 0
xÛ`+(2k-1)x+kÛ`=0
D -(kÜ`-4kÛ`+k+6) -k
D=(2k-1)Û`-4kÛ`<0 -4k+1<0 kÜ`-4kÛ`+k+6=0 k=2
1
k>
4 2 1 -4 1 6
2 -4 -6
1 -2 -3 0
472 kÜ`-4kÛ`+k+6=(k-2)(kÛ`-2k-3)=(k+1)(k-2)(k-3)
xÜ`+kx-2=0 a b (k+1)(k-2)(k-3)=0
k=-1 k=2 k=3
2a+b=0 yy -k<0 k>0
aÛ`+2ab=k yy k 2+3=5
aÛ`b=2 yy

aÛ`_(-2a)=2 aÜ`=-1 476

a=-1
xÜ`-3xÛ`+4x-2=0 x=1
a=-1 b=2
a=-1 b=2 k=-3
1 1 -3 4 -2
k+a+b=-2
1 -2 2
1 -2 2 0

473 -25 28 xÜ`-3xÛ`+4x-2=(x-1)(xÛ`-2x+2)

(x-1)(xÛ`-2x+2)=0 xÛ`-2x+2=0
xÜ`-2xÛ`+4x+3=0 D
D
=(-1)Û`-2=-1<0
a+b+c=2 ab+bc+ca=4 abc=-3 yy 4

94

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 94 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 xÛ`-2x+2=0 a a® 1 1 x+x®
+ = =1 ( )( )
x x® xx®
a+a®=2 aa®=2 x® `Û -x+
® 1=0 x® Û`-x=
® -1 ( )
a+a®+aa®i 8 (1-x)(1-x®)=1-(x+x®)+xx®
{ } ={(1+i)Û`}Ý`=(2i)Ý`=16
2 =1-1+1=1 ( )( )
1 1 2+x+x® 2+x+x®
+ = =
1+x 1+x® (1+x)(1+x)® 1+(x+x)® +xx®
2+1
477 =
1+1+1
=1 ( )( )

xÜ`-1=0 x xÜ`=1 5
xÜ`-1=0 (x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÛ`+x+1=0
x
xÛ`+x+1=0 481 2
xÞ`+xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x
x+2y=3 yy

II
=xÜ`(xÛ`+x+1)+(xÛ`+x+1)-1 [
xÛ`+xy+yÛ`=3 yy
=0+0-1=-1
x=3-2y
(3-2y)Û`+(3-2y)y+yÛ`=3
yÛ`-3y+2=0 (y-1)(y-2)=0
478 y=1 y=2
xÜ`-1=0 x xÜ`=1 x=1 y=1 x=-1 y=2
xÜ`-1=0 (x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÛ`+x+1=0 aÛ`+bÛ` 2 5
x xÛ`+x+1=0 x® aÛ`+bÛ` 2

x+x= ® -1
xÝ`+2xÜ`-2xÛ`+2x+1 482
=x+2-2xÛ`+2x+1`( xÜ`=1)
xÛ`-yÛ`=0 yy
=3x+3-2(-x-1)`( xÛ`=-x-1) [
xÛ`+2yÛ`-xy-8=0 yy
=5(x+1)=-5x®`( -x®=x+1)
xÛ`-yÛ`=(x+y)(x-y)=0
x=y x=-y
Ú x=y
479 yÛ`+2yÛ`-yÛ`-8=0 yÛ`-4=0
xÜ`+1=0 x xÜ`=-1 y=2 y=-2
xÜ`+1=0 (x+1)(xÛ`-x+1)=0 x x=2 y=2 x=-2 y=-2
xÛ`-x+1=0 x® Û x=-y
xÜ`=-1 xÕ `Ü =-1 yÛ`+2yÛ`+yÛ`-8=0 yÛ`-2=0
xÛ`-x+1=0 xÕ `Û -xÕ+1=0 y='2 y=-'2
xÛ`+xÕ `Ý +xß`+xÕ ¡`+xÚ`â`=xÛ`-xÕ+1+xÕ Û`-x x=-'2 y='2 x='2 y=-'2
=(xÛ`-x+1)+(xÕ Û`-x+
Õ 1)-1 Ú Û
=0+0-1=-1 x=2 x=-2 x=-'2 x='2
[ [ [ [
y=2 y=-2 y='2 y=-'2

480
xÜ`+1=0 x xÜ`=-1 yy 483
xÜ`+1=0 (x+1)(xÛ`-x+1)=0 xÛ`-3xy-4yÛ`=0 yy
[
xÛ`-x+1=0 x xÛ`+2yÛ`=18 yy
x x® xÛ`-3xy-4yÛ`=(x-4y)(x+y)=0
xÛ`-x+1=0 x® Û`-x®+1=0 yy x=4y x=-y
Ú x=4y
x+x=
® 1 xx=® 1 yy (4y)Û`+2yÛ`=18yÛ`=18 yÛ`=1 y=1 y=-1
xá`=(xÜ`)Ü`=(-1)Ü`=-1 ( ) x=4 y=1 x=-4 y=-1
xÛ`-x+1=0 x=xÛ`+1 ( ) x+y 5 -5

95

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 95 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Û x=-y
(-y)Û`+2yÛ`=3yÛ`=18 yÛ`=6
488 2

y='6 y=-'6 A a B
x='6 y=-'6 x=-'6 y='6 a+2 a-1
x+y 0 B A 2
Ú Û a=4 b=1 a+b 5 2aÜ`=(a+2)Û` (a-1) 2aÜ`=aÜ`+3aÛ`-4
aÜ`-3aÛ`+4=0
-1 1 -3 0 4
484 2
-1 4 -4
1 -4 4 0
x+y=2 yy
[
xÛ`+yÛ`=a yy aÜ`-3aÛ`+4=(a+1)(aÛ`-4a+4)=(a+1)(a-2)Û`=0
y=2-x a=2 ( a>0)
xÛ`+(2-x)Û`=a 2xÛ`-4x+4-a=0
D
D
=4-2(4-a)=2a-4¾0 a¾2
489
4
10-2x
a 2
6-2x

485 -3 6-2x

x+y=2k+8 x
[ x y x
xy=kÛ` 10-2x
2k+8 kÛ`
tÛ`-(2k+8)t+kÛ`=0 tÛ`-2(k+4)t+kÛ`=0 (10-2x)(6-2x)x=24 xÜ`-8xÛ`+15x-6=0
D
D 2 1 -8 15 -6
=(k+4)Û`-kÛ`<0 8k+16<0
4
2 -12 6
k<-2 1 -6 3 0
k -3
xÜ`-8xÛ`+15x-6=(x-2)(xÛ`-6x+3)
(x-2)(xÛ`-6x+3)=0
x=2 x=3-'6 ( 0<x<3)
486 7
x
1 2 3 x y z 2+(3-'6)=5-'6
y=x-1=z+1 z=x-2 yy
xyz=210
x(x-1)(x-2)=210 490 5
x 210=5_6_7
a b
x=7 y=6 z=5
25
1 7 ( aÛ`+bÛ`= 4 yy
{
9 2{(a+2)+(b+2)}=15 yy
7
487 48 b= -a
2
7 25
ABÓ=x CDÓ=y aÛ`+{ -a}2`= 2aÛ`-7a+6=0 (2a-3)(a-2)=0
2 4
x+y+3+7=30 x+y=20 yy
3
BAD BCD a=2 b= ( a>b)
2
xÛ`+7Û`=yÛ`+3Û` yÛ`-xÛ`=40 (y+x)(y-x)=40 3
a+2b=2+2 =5
20(y-x)=40 y-x=2 yy 2
x=9 y=11
ABCD BAD BCD 7
a+b=
2
1 1 7 25
_9_7+ _3_11=48 2ab=(a+b)Û`-(aÛ`+bÛ`)={ }2`- =6
2 2 2 4

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 ab=3 3
1-(k-1)-(k-1)=0 2k=3 k=
1 a b 2
7 Û xÛ`-(k-1)x-(k-1)=0
xÛ`- x+3=0
2 xÛ`-(k-1)x-(k-1)=0 D
2xÛ`-7x+6=0 (2x-3)(x-2)=0 D=(k-1)Û`+4(k-1)=0
3 (k-1)(k-1+4)=0 (k+3)(k-1)=0
a=2 b= ( a>b)
2 k=-3 k=1
Ú Û k
3 1
491 14
2
+(-3)+1=-
2
a x y
ax-y-2 x-y+3
30%
(ax-y-2)(x-y+3) 1 (x-1){xÛ`-(k-1)x-(k-1)}=0

ax-y-2=x-y+3=1 ax-y-2=x-y+3=-1 xÛ`-(k-1)x-(k-1)=0 x=1

30%

II
k
xÛ`-(k-1)x-(k-1)=0 k
ax-y-2=x-y+3 (a-1)x=5 30%
a=2 x=5 ( a>1 x>1)
k 10%
x-y+3=8-y=Ñ1 y=7 y=9
a+x+y
2+5+7=14
494
(xÛ`-4x)Û`+(xÛ`-4x)-20=0
492 xÛ`-4x=X
xÜ`-4xÛ`+(m-14)x+2m-4=0 x=-2 XÛ`+X-20=0 (X+5)(X-4)=0
Ú X=4
-2 1 -4 m-14 2m-4 xÛ`-4x=4 xÛ`-4x-4=0 DÁ
-2 12 -2m+4 DÁ
=4+4>0
4
1 -6 m-2 0
(x+2)(xÛ`-6x+m-2)=0
4
1
Û X=-5
xÛ`-6x+m-2=0 1
xÛ`-4x=-5 xÛ`-4x+5=0 Dª
D
Dª
D =4-5<0
=9-(m-2)>0 m<11 yy 4
4
y=xÛ`-6x+m-2 x=3
5
x 1 x=1 0
Ú Û A=4 B=5
A+B=4+5=9
1-6+m-2>0 m>7 yy
m 7<m<11
m 8+9+10=27
495
xÝ`-6xÛ`+a-5=0 xÛ`=X
493 XÛ`-6X+a-5=0 yy

xÜ`-kxÛ`+k-1=0 x=1
yy TIP
D
1 1 -k 0 k-1
D
1 -k+1 -k+1 =9-(a-5)¾0 aÉ14 yy
4
1 -k+1 -k+1 0 0
(x-1){xÛ`-(k-1)x-(k-1)}=0
a-5¾0 a¾5 yy
Ú xÛ`-(k-1)x-(k-1)=0 x=1 a 5ÉaÉ14
x=1 a 5 6 7 y 14 10

97

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 97 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 TIP
axÝ`+bxÛ`+c=0 (a+0 a b c )
498 x=;2!;

xÛ`=X X aXÛ`+bX+c=0 2xÜ`-(2k+1)xÛ`+(5k+2)x-2k-1=0

a b k(-2xÛ`+5x-2)+(2xÜ`-xÛ`+2x-1)=0
Ú xÛ`=a k
a+0 x=Ñ'§a`( ) -2xÛ`+5x-2=0 2xÜ`-xÛ`+2x-1=0
a=0 x=0 -2xÛ`+5x-2=(-2x+1)(x-2)=0
Û xÛ`=b 1
x= x=2 yy
2
b+0 x=Ñ'§b`( )
2xÜ`-xÛ`+2x-1=0 xÛ`(2x-1)+(2x-1)=0
b=0 x=0
(xÛ`+1)(2x-1)=0
1
x= x=Ñi yy
2
yy TIP
1
496 x=
2
xÝ`+(2-2a)xÛ`+10-5a=0 xÛ`=X
TIP
XÛ`+2(1-a)X+10-5a=0 yy
1
-2xÛ`+5x-2=0 x= x=2
2
2xÜ`-xÛ`+2x-1=0
yy TIP 1
x=
2

10-5a<0 a>2
p=2 499
TIP xÝ`+4xÜ`-7xÛ`+4x+1=0 x=0
axÝ`+bxÛ`+c=0 (a+0 a b c )
xÛ`=X X aXÛ`+bX+c=0 4 1
xÛ`+4x-7+ + =0
x xÛ`
a b
1 1
xÛ`=a x=Ñ'a ( ) {xÛ`+ }+4{x+ }-7=0
xÛ` x
xÛ`=b x=Ñ'¶-bi ( )
1 1
{x+ }2`+4{x+ }-9=0
x x
1
x+ =k kÛ`+4k-9=0
x
k -9

497 500
P(x)=0 a
xÝ`-7xÛ`+1=0
b c
(xÝ`+2xÛ`+1)-9xÛ`=0 (xÛ`+1)Û`-(3x)Û`=0
bc=5 yy
(xÛ`+3x+1)(xÛ`-3x+1)=0
P(3x-1)=0
xÛ`+3x+1=0 xÛ`-3x+1=0
a+1 b+1 c+1
3 3 3 aÛ`+3a+1=0 aÛ`-3a+1=0 yy
aÛ`+3a=-1 aÛ`-3a=-1 ( )
a+1 b+1 c+1 xÝ`-7xÛ`+1=0 x=0
=0 + =2
3 3 3 a+0
a=-1 b+c=4 yy aÛ`-3a+1=0 a
a b c 1 1 1
a-3+ =0 a+ =3
a a
(x+1)(xÛ`-4x+5)=0 a ( )
P(x)=(x+1)(xÛ`-4x+5)=xÜ`-3xÛ`+x+5 xÛ`+3x+1=0 DÁ=9-4=5>0
a=-3 b=1 c=5 xÛ`-3x+1=0 Dª=9-4=5>0
a+b+c=3

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 a ( ) x=0
20=-5a a=-4 yy
x=-1
501 10 -1+a-b+20=-1-a-4-4a-5-5a
a-b=-10a-29
f(-2)= f(1)= f(3)=k (k )
=-10_(-4)-29=11 ( )
f(x)-k=0 -2 1 3
f(x)-k=(x+2)(x-1)(x-3)
f(x)=0 x=2 f(2)=0 1 2+i 2-i
( )=4 ( )=5
f(2)-k=4_1_(-1) k=4 xÛ`-4x+5=0
f(x)=(x+2)(x-1)(x-3)+4
=xÜ`-2xÛ`-5x+10
=(x-2)(xÛ`-5)
503

II
=(x-2)(x+'5)(x-'5)
f(x)=0 a b c
x='5 x=-'5 -1+'2i -1-'2i
aÛ`+bÛ`=5+5=10 p

(-1+'2i)+(-1-'2i)+p=-a
f(-2)= f(1)= f(3)=k (k )
a=2-p yy
f(x)-k=0 -2 1 3
f(x)-k=(x+2)(x-1)(x-3)
xÛ`+ax-8=0 p
=xÜ`-2xÛ`-5x+6
x=p
f(x)=xÜ`-2xÛ`-5x+6+k
pÛ`+ap-8=pÛ`+(2-p)p-8=0 ( )
f(x)=0 2 a b
2p=8 p=4

2+a+b=2 yy
-1+'2i -1-'2i 4
2a+2b+ab=-5 yy
a+b=0 ab=-5
c=-(-1+'2i)_(-1-'2i)_4=-12
aÛ`+bÛ`=(a+b)Û`-2ab
=0Û`-2_(-5)=10

504 A=17 B=-6

502 11
a b c
xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+20=0 xÜ`-4x+2=(x-a)(x-b)(x-c)
2+i 2-i x=3
a A=(3-a)(3-b)(3-c)=3Ü`-4_3+2=17
xÜ`=4x-2
(2+i)+(2-i)+a=-a yy aÜ`=4a-2
(2+i)(2-i)+(2-i)a+a(2+i)=b yy bÜ`=4b-2
(2+i)(2-i)a=-20 yy cÜ`=4c-2
5a=-20 a=-4
4-4=-a a=0 B=aÜ`+bÜ`+cÜ`=4(a+b+c)-6
5-4 4=b b=-11 xÜ`-4x+2=0
a-b=11 a+b+c=0 B=-6
A=17 B=-6

xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+20=0
2+i 2-i
a
505
xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+20=(x-a){x-(2+i)}{x-(2-i)} f(1-'2i)=-1 f(1-'2i)+1=0 f(x)+1=0
=(x-a)(xÛ`-4x+5) yy 1-'2i 1+'2i
=xÜ`+(-a-4)xÛ`+(4a+5)x-5a

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 f(x)+1 3xÛ`+2x+a=0 x=-1
{x-(1-'2i)}{x-(1+'2i)}=xÛ`-2x+3 3_(-1)Û`+2_(-1)+a=0 a=-1
-1 a+-1
f(x)+1=(xÛ`-2x+3)(xÛ`+px+q) (p q ) a<0 a+-1 a -2
xÝ`+2xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+6=(xÛ`-2x+3)(xÛ`+px+q)
x
-2+p=2 p=4 3q=6 q=2
f(x)+1=(xÛ`-2x+3)(xÛ`+4x+2)
=xÝ`+2xÜ`-3xÛ`+8x+6 508
f(x)=xÝ`+2xÜ`-3xÛ`+8x+5 axÜ`+3xÛ`-3x-a=0`(a+0) x=1
a+b=(-3)+8=5
1 a 3 -3 -a
a a+3 a

506 11 a a+3 a 0
(x-1){axÛ`+(a+3)x+a}=0
xÜ`+axÛ`+bx+c=0 a b c
axÛ`+(a+3)x+a=0 x=1
a+(a+3)+a=0 3a+3=0 a=-1
a+b+c=-a ab+bc+ca=b abc=-c
a=-1 axÛ`+(a+3)x+a=-xÛ`+2x-1
1 1 1
ab bc ca axÜ`+3xÛ`-3x-a=0 x=1
xÜ`-xÛ`+3x-1=0 a+-1 yy
axÛ`+(a+3)x+a=0
1 1 1 a+b+c -a a D
+ + = = = =1 yy
ab bc ca abc -c c D=(a+3)Û`-4aÛ`=0 {(a+3)+2a}{(a+3)-2a}=0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (3a+3)(-a+3)=0 3(a+1)(a-3)=0
_ + _ + _ = { + + }
ab bc bc ca ca ab abc a b c
a=-1 a=3
1 ab+bc+ca
= _ a 3
abc abc
ab+bc+ca
=
(abc)Û`
b
= =3 yy
cÛ`
1
_
1 1
_ =
1 1
= =1 yy 509
ab bc ca (abc)Û` cÛ`
xÜ`=8 w wÜ`=8
cÛ`=1 aÛ`=1
xÜ`-8=(x-2)(xÛ`+2x+4)=0
b
=b=3 bÛ`=9 xÛ`+2x+4=0 w
cÛ`
aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`=11 wÕ

w+w= Õ -2 ww=Õ 4
wÕ Û`+2wÕ+4=0
507 wÕ Û`=-2wÕ-4
3xÜ`+5xÛ`+(a+2)x+a=0 x=-1 =-2(-2-w)-4 ( w+w=
Õ -2)
=2w ( )
-1 3 5 a+2 a wÛ`+4=-2w wÕ Û`=2w
-3 -2 -a wÕ `Û 2w
= =-1 ( )
3 2 a 0 wÛ`+4 -2w
-w+w+ Õ 2=-w+(-2-w)+2=-2w`
(x+1)(3xÛ`+2x+a)=0
x=-1
(-w+wÕ+2)Ü`=(-2w)Ü`=-8wÜ`
3xÛ`+2x+a=0 -1
=(-8)_8=-26 ( )
wÛ`-2w-4=wÛ`+wÛ`=2wÛ`
(wÛ`-2w-4)Ü`=(2wÛ`)Ü`=8wß`
=8_8Û`=2á` ( )
a
<0 a<0 2
3

100

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 100 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 510 513
xÝ`-2xÜ`-x+2=(x-1)(x-2)(xÛ`+x+1) xÛ`-xy=5 yy
[
x xÛ`+x+1=0 xy-yÛ`=2 yy
xÛ`+x+1=0 x-1 2_ -5_
(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÜ`-1=0 2xÛ`-7xy+5yÛ`=0 (2x-5y)(x-y)=0
xÜ`=1 2x=5y x=y
1+x+xÛ`+xÜ`+xÝ`+xÞ`+y+x100 Ú 2x=5y
=(1+x+xÛ`)+xÜ`(1+x+xÛ`)+xß`(1+x+xÛ`) 2
y= x
+y+xá``ß (1+x+xÛ`)+xá``á (1+x) 5
=xá`á`(1+x)=(xÜ`)Ü`Ü`(1+x) 2 3 25
xÛ`- xÛ`=5 xÛ`=5 xÛ`=
5 5 3
=1+x
5 2 5 2
x= y= x=- y=-
'3 '3 '3 '3
Û x=y

II
x=y 0=5
511 17

xÜ`-1=0 x xÜ`=1 Ú Û
xÜ`-1=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÛ`+x+1=0 5 2 5 2 10
ab= _ ={- }_{- }=
x xÛ`+x+1=0 '3 '3 '3 '3 3
xÜ`+2xÛ`+x+1 n`
{ }
xÝ`+xÜ`-x
xÛ`-xy=5 yy
xÝ`+xÜ`-x=x+1-x=1 [
xy-yÛ`=2 yy

xÜ`+2xÛ`+x+1=1+xÛ`+(xÛ`+x+1)
xÛ`-2xy+yÛ`=(x-y)Û`=3
=1+xÛ`=-x
x-y ='3
x-y='3 x-y=-'3
xÜ`+2xÛ`+x+1 n`
{ } =(-x)Ç`=(-1)Ç`_xÇ`
xÝ`+xÜ`-x
n 3 xÛ`-yÛ`=7 yy
Ú x-y='3
n 100 3 6 xÛ`-(x-'3)Û`=7 2'3x=10
n 33-16=17 5 2
x= y=
'3 '3
Û x-y=-'3
xÛ`-(x+'3)Û`=7 -2'3x=10
512 x=-
5
y=-
2
'3 '3
xÜ`-1=0 x xÜ`=1
10
xÜ`-1=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0 xÛ`+x+1=0 Ú Û ab=
3
x xÛ`+x+1=0
x x 1
f(1)= = =- xÛ`-xy=5 yy
1+x -xÛ` x
[
xÛ` xÛ` xy-yÛ`=2 yy
f(2)= = =-x
1+xÛ` -x x(x-y)=5
xÜ` 1 1 y(x-y)=2
f(3)= = =
1+xÜ` 1+1 2
x y x-y 0
xÝ` x
f(4)= = = f(1) 2
1+xÝ` 1+x x`:`y=5`:`2 y= x
5
`
f(1)+ f(2)+ f(3)+y+ f(300)
2 3 25
1 1 1 1 1 1 xÛ`- xÛ`=5 xÛ`=5 xÛ`=
={- -x+ }+{- -x+ }+y+{- -x+ } 5 5 3
x 2 x 2 x 2
2 2 25 10
1 1 xÛ`+1 1 ab= aÛ`= _ =
=100 {- -x+ }=100_{- + }  5 5 3 3
x 2 x 2
3
=100 =150
2

101

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 Ú Û
514 9 1
80xy=80_ _ =45
x+y=A xy=B yy TIP 4 4
x+y+xy=A+B=-2 yy
xÛ`y+yÛ`x=xy(x+y)=AB=-24 yy
A B
1
517
tÛ`+2t-24=0 (t+6)(t-4)=0 x+y=3 qx-y=5
[ [
A=-6 B=4 A=4 B=-6 xÛ`+pyÛ`=15 xÛ`+yÛ`=17
xy -6 4 x=a y=b
(-6)+4=-2 a+b=3 yy qa-b=5 yy
[ [
aÛ`+pbÛ`=15 yy aÛ`+bÛ`=17 yy
TIP
x y aÛ`+(3-a)Û`=17 2aÛ`-6a-8=0 aÛ`-3a-4=0
(a+1)(a-4)=0
x y a=-1 b=4 a=4 b=-1
x y a>b a=4 b=-1
4Û`+p_(-1)Û`=15 p=-1
4q-(-1)=5 q=1
a+b+p+q=4+(-1)+(-1)+1=3
515 9

(x+2)(y+2)=a yy
[
(x-4)(y-4)=a yy 518 10<kÉ11

xÛ`+yÛ`+2(x+y)=k
(x+2)(y+2)-(x-4)(y-4)=0 [ x+y=A xy=B
xÛ`+xy+yÛ`=5
xy+2(x+y)+4-{xy-4(x+y)+16}=0
xÛ`+yÛ`=AÛ`-2B
6(x+y)=12 x+y=2 yy
AÛ`-2B+2A=k AÛ`-2B+2A=k yy
[ [
AÛ`-2B+B=5 B=AÛ`-5 yy
(x+2)(4-x)=a xÛ`-2x+a-8=0

AÛ`-2(AÛ`-5)+2A=k
xÛ`-2x+a-8=0
AÛ`-2A+k-10=0
D
A D
D
=1-(a-8)=0
4
a=9 D
=(-1)Û`-(k-10)¾0 kÉ11
4
a+b
AÛ`-2A+k-10=0
516 45

(x-y)Û`-(x-y)-2=0 x-y=X k-10>0 k>10

XÛ`-X-2=0 (X+1)(X-2)=0 k 10<kÉ11
X=-1 X=2
x-y=-1 x-y=2
Ú x-y=-1
xÛ`=yÛ`+5
519 147

xÛ`=(x+1)Û`+5 2x+6=0 ( a+b+c=12 yy

x=-3 y=-2 { 2b=a+c yy
x y 9 100c+10b+a=(100a+10b+c)+594 yy
Û x-y=2 a-c=-6 yy
xÛ`=yÛ`+5
xÛ`=(x-2)Û`+5 -4x+9=0 b=4 a+c=8 yy
9 1 a=1 c=7
x= y=
4 4 N=147

102

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 520 x=500 y=300 z=200 3 ;3&; 6
7
0
39
-117
117
X Y Z 1`kg
;3&; 13 39 0
x+y+z=1000 yy
7
(x-3){ xÛ`+13x+39}=0
1 2 3 3
x_ +y_ +z_ =17
100 100 100 7
xÛ`+13x+39=0 D
x+2y+3z=1700 yy 3
7
D=13Û`-4_ _39<0
3
x+y=4z yy
5z=1000 z=200
x=3
z=200
4p_3Û`+2p_3_9=36p+54p=90p(mmÛ`)
x=500 y=300
x=500 y=300 z=200

II
523
521 xÛ`+(m-1)x+2m+3=0 a b (aÉb)
x`km y`km
C a+b=1-m yy
t ab=2m+3 yy
A C xt`km 2+
B C yt`km 2a+2b+ab=5 (a+2)(b+2)=9
1 B 4 a b
A A C 4y`km Ú a+2=1 b+2=9 a=-1 b=7
B C x`km Û a+2=3 b+2=3 a=1 b=1
4y x Ü a+2=-3 b+2=-3 a=-5 b=-5
A C B Ý a+2=-9 b+2=-1 a=-11 b=-3
m=1-(a+b) Ú Ý
xt=4y yy m=-5 m=-1 m=11 m=15
yt=x yy m
x (-5)+(-1)+11+15=20
t=
y
xÛ`
=4y xÛ`=4yÛ` x=2y ( x>0 y>0)
y
C 8`km
4y-x=8 x=2y 2y=8 524
x=8 y=4
2xÜ`-kxÛ`+49=0 a x=a
A B S
2aÜ`-kaÛ`+49=0 aÛ`(2a-k)=-49 a k
S=x+4y=8+4_4=24
aÛ` 2a-k
x+S=8+24=32
-49=(-1)_7Û` a 1
aÛ`=7Û` 2a-k=-1 a=7 k=15
2xÜ`-15xÛ`+49=0 x=7

522 7 2 -15 0 49
x`mm 14 -7 -49
(x+6)`mm 2 -1 -7 0
117p`mmÜ` (x-7)(2xÛ`-x-7)=0
4 7 2xÛ`-x-7=0 b c
pxÜ`+pxÛ`(x+6)=117p xÜ`+6xÛ`-117=0
3 3
x=3
1 7
b+c= bc=-
2 2

103

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 bÛ`+cÛ`=(b+c)Û`-2bc Û -1 -8
1 7 2b 7
={ }Û`-2_{- } -1-8= -2 b=- a
2 2 a 2
1 29 a b
= +7=
4 4 (2 -7) (4 -14) (6 -21) (8 -28)
29
4(bÛ`+cÛ`)-k=4_ -15=14 (-2 7) (-4 14) (-6 21) (-8 28) 8
4
Ü -2 -4
2b
-2-4= -2 b=-2a
a
525 8
a b
xÛ`+yÛ`-2x+4y-8=0 (1 -2) (2 -4) (3 -6) y (15 -30)
(xÛ`-2x+1)+(yÛ`+4y+4)=13 (-1 2) (-2 4) (-3 6) y (-15 30) 30
(x-1)Û`+(y+2)Û`=13 x y Ú~Ü (a b) 4+8+30=42
Ú (x-1)Û`=2Û` (y+2)Û`=3Û`
x-1=2 x-1=-2
x=3 x=-1
y+2=3
y=1 y=-5
y+2=-3
527 9

x y (x y) x=-1 x=k
(3 1) (3 -5) (-1 1) (-1 -5)
Û (x-1)Û`=3Û` (y+2)Û`=2Û` -1 1 -k -(k+1) kÛ` kÛ`
x-1=3 x-1=-3 -1 k+1 0 -kÛ`
x=4 x=-2 k 1 -k-1 0 kÛ` 0
y+2=2 y+2=-2 k -k -kÛ`
y=0 y=-4 1 -1 -k 0
x y (x y) (x+1)(x-k)(xÛ`-x-k)=0
(4 0) (4 -4) (-2 0) (-2 -4)
Ú Û x=-2 y=-4 xy 8 k+-1 yy
xÛ`-x-k=0
xÛ`-x-k=0 D
526 42
D=1+4k>0 k>-
1
yy
4
axÜ`-2bxÛ`+4(a+b)x-16a=0 x=2
x=-1 xÛ`-x-k=0
1+1-k+0 k+2 yy
2 a -2b 4(a+b) -16a x=k xÛ`-x-k=0
2a 4a-4b 16a
kÛ`-2k=k(k-2)+0 k+0 k+2 yy
a 2a-2b 8a 0
10 k
(x-2){axÛ`+2(a-b)x+8a}=0 1 3 4 5 y 10 9

axÛ`+2(a-b)x+8a=0 x=2
axÛ`+2(a-b)x+8a=0 yy
2
528
-2(a-b) 2b xÜ`-2xÛ`+x=kÜ`-2kÛ`+k
= -2
a a xÜ`-2xÛ`+x-kÜ`+2kÛ`-k=0 x=k
8a
=8
a
k 1 -2 1 -kÜ`+2kÛ`-k
2
k kÛ`-2k kÜ`-2kÛ`+k
1 8 -1 -8 -2 -4
1 k-2 kÛ`-2k+1 0
Ú 1 8
2b 11 (x-k){xÛ`+(k-2)x+kÛ`-2k+1}=0
1+8= -2 b= a
a 2
a b xÛ`+(k-2)x+kÛ`-2k+1=0 x=k
(2 11) (4 22) (-2 -11) (-4 -22) 4

104

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 Ú xÛ`+(k-2)x+kÛ`-2k+1=0 x=k 1
a-a®+ (a-a®)(a+a®)=0
2
x=k a+a=
® -2 ( a-a+
® 0) yy
kÛ`+k(k-2)+kÛ`-2k+1=0 aÛ`
a-
2
3kÛ`-4k+1=0 (3k-1)(k-1)=0
aÛ` aÛ` Ó aÛ` a Û`
1 a- +{a- }=a- +a®- ® =0
k= k=1 2 2 2 2
3
1 2
Û xÛ`+(k-2)x+kÛ`-2k+1=0 a+a®- (a2+a® )=0
2
D 1
a+a®- {(a+a®)2-2aa®}=0
D=(k-2)Û`-4(kÛ`-2k+1)=0 2
-3kÛ`+4k=0 -k(3k-4)=0 1
-2- (4-2aa®)=0 ( )
2
4
k=0 k= aa®=4 yy
3
Ú Û k aÛ`
a a®=
2

II
1 4 8
+1+0+ = 1 x2+2x+4=0
3 3 3
3 2
x +ax +bx-2 -2
2
x +2x+4
1
x3+ax2+bx-2={x- }(x2+2x+4)
2
x=2
529 6
4a+2b+6=18
xÜ`+axÛ`+bx-2=0 2a+b=6
a=p+qi`(p q q+0) a
a®
aÛ` (p+qi)Û`
=a® =p-qi
2 2
pÛ`-qÛ`+2pqi=2p-2qi 530
xÜ`-1=0 x
2pq=-2q yy xÜ`=1
pÛ`-qÛ`=2p yy xÜ`-1=(x-1)(xÛ`+x+1)=0
q(p+1)=0 p=-1 ( q+0) xÛ`+x+1=0 x
p=-1 qÛ`=3 xÛ`+x+1=0
q='3 q=-'3 1 1 1 xÛ`+x+1 0
xÜ`+axÛ`+bx-2=0 f(3)= + + = = =0 ( )
x xÛ` xÜ` xÜ` 1
-1+'3i -1-'3i 1 1 1 1
f(3k-2)= + + +y+ 3k-2
k x xÛ` xÜ` x
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
={ + + }+ { + + }
x xÛ` xÜ` xÜ` x xÛ` xÜ`
1
k(-1+'3i)(-1-'3i)=4k=2 k= 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 +y+ { + + }+ 3(k-1)
x3(k-2) x xÛ` xÜ` x x
-1+'3i -1-'3i xÛ`+2x+4=0
1 1
1 =0+1 0+y+1_0+1 = ( )
x= x x
2
k
1 3
{x- }(xÛ`+2x+4)=0 xÜ`+ xÛ`+3x-2=0 Ú n=3k
2 2
3 f(3k)=0 { f(n)}Û`+ f(n)=0+0=0
a= b=3
2 Û n=3k-1
2a+b=6 1 1 1 1 1
f(3k-1)= + + +y+ 3k-2 + 3k-1
x xÛ` xÜ` x x
1 1 1
= { + }
x3+ax2+bx-2=0 a x3(k-1) x xÛ`
a® x+1
= `
aÛ` aÛ` xÛ
=a® a+
2 2 -xÛ`
= =-1
aÛ` aÛ` Ó a Û` xÛ`
a+ ={a+ }=a®+ ®
2 2 2 { f(n)}Û`+ f(n)=(-1)Û`+(-1)=0

105

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 Ü n=3k-2 2xÛ`+(1-5y)x+2yÛ`+y-1=0
1 2xÛ`+(1-5y)x+(y+1)(2y-1)=0
f(3k-2)=
x (x-2y+1)(2x-y-1)=0
1 1 x-2y+1=0 2x-y-1=0 yy
{ f(n)}Û`+ f(n)= + =-1+0
xÛ` x
Ú Û
Ú x+y-2=0 x-2y+1=0
90-30=60 ( 10É3k-2<100 4Ék<34) ( )
x=1 y=1
Û x+y-2=0 2x-y-1=0
x=1 y=1
xÛ`+x+1=0 x Ü 2x+y+1=0 x-2y+1=0
xÕ (xÕ x ) 3 1
x=- y=
5 5
1 Ý 2x+y+1=0 2x-y-1=0
xxÕ=1 xÕ=
x x=0 y=-1
1 1 1 1 Ú Ý
f(n)= + + +y+
x xÛ` xÜ` xÇ` ( 3
f(n)=xÕ+xÕ `Û +xÕ Ü`+y+xÕ Ç` x=-
x=1 5 x=0
[ { [
y=1 1 y=-1
y=
9 5

531
[x]Û`+[x]-6=0 ([x]+3)([x]-2)=0
[x]=-3 [x]=2 533 3
-3Éx<-2 2Éx<3
y= f(x) y=2x+1
x+y=2 xÛ`+2x+2yÛ`
f(x)=2x+1
xÛ`+2x+2(2-x)Û`=3xÛ`-6x+8=3(xÛ`-2x+1)+5
{ f(x)-2x}Ü`-2{ f(x)-2x}Û`-5{ f(x)-2x}+6=0
=3(x-1)Û`+5
f(x)-2x=t
f(x)=3(x-1)Û`+5 -3Éx<-2 2Éx<3
tÜ`-2tÛ`-5t+6=0
y= f(x)
y=f{x}
t=1

1 1 -2 -5 6
1 -1 -6
1 -1 -6 0
(t-1)(tÛ`-t-6)=0
-3-2 123
(t+2)(t-1)(t-3)=0
f(x)
t=-2 t=1 t=3
x=-3 M= f(-3)=48+5=53
f(x)-2x=-2 f(x)-2x=1 f(x)-2x=3
x=2 m= f(2)=3+5=8
f(x)=2x-2 f(x)=2x+1 f(x)=2x+3
M+m=53+8=61
y=2x+3 y=2x+1
y=f{x} y=2x-2
( 3 y=2x+3
x=-
x=1 5 x=0 y=2x+1 y=f{x}
532 [
y=1
{
y=
1
[
y=-1
9 5 y=2x-2

2xÛ`+3xy+yÛ`-3x-y-2=0 x 1 2
y= f(x)
2xÛ`+3(y-1)x+yÛ`-y-2=0 1
2xÛ`+3(y-1)x+(y+1)(y-2)=0 2
(x+y-2)(2x+y+1)=0 y=2x+1 y=2x+3 y=2x-2
x+y-2=0 2x+y+1=0 yy 3 yy TIP
2xÛ`-5xy+2yÛ`+x+y-1=0 x f(x)=2x+1 f(x)=2x+3
f(x)=2x-2 3

106

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 TIP
1
535 164

y= f(x) AB CÁ CD
y=2x+1 Cª AB CD M N
y=2x+3 M N CÁ Cª ABÓ=CDÓ CÁ
y=2x-2 Cª CÁ Cª
2 CÁ Cª MN
y= f(x) MN P D BC H
y=2x+1 DH MN Q
A D
y=2x-2
C¡ C™
y=2x+3
M N
P Q

B R H C

II
CÁ Cª r
534 QNÓ=PNÓ-PQÓ=r-2 HCÓ=2_QNÓ=2r-4
Û Û Û
DHÓ `=CDÓ `-HCÓ `=16r-16 yy
xÝ`+2(1-a)xÛ`+aÛ`-2a-8=0
xÝ`+(2-2a)xÛ`+(a+2)(a-4)=0 A BC R
(xÛ`-a+4)(xÛ`-a-2)=0 xÛ`=a-4 xÛ`=a+2 BRÓ=HCÓ=2r-4 RHÓ=4
xÛ`=a-4 a-4¾0 a-4<0 BCÓ=BRÓ+RHÓ+HCÓ=(2r-4)+4+(2r-4)=4r-4 yy

1 1
xÛ`=a+2 a+2¾0 a+2<0 SÛ`=[ _(BCÓ+ADÓ)_DHÓ ]Û`= _(BCÓ+ADÓ)Û`_DHÓ Û`
2 4
1
xÝ`+2(1-a)xÛ`+aÛ`-2a-8=0 = _{(4r-4)+4}Û`_(16r-16)=64rÛ`(r-1)
4
a+2¾0 a-4<0 l=ABÓ+BCÓ+CDÓ+ADÓ=2r+(4r-4)+2r+4=8r
xÛ`=a+2 x='Äa+2 x=-'Äa+2 SÛ`+8l=6720 64rÛ`(r-1)+64r=6720
-4 rÜ`-rÛ`+r-105=(r-5)(rÛ`+4r+21)=0
'Äa+2_(-'Äa+2)=-(a+2)=-4 a=2 r=5 rÛ`+4r+21=0
xÛ`=a-4=-2 rÛ`+4r+21=0 D
x='2i x=-'2i D
=2Û`-21=-17<0 rÛ`+4r+21=0
'2i_(-'2i)=2 ( ) 4
r
xÛ`=a-4 xÛ`=a+2 r=5 BDÓ Û`=BHÓ Û`+DHÓ Û`=100+64=164
0
xÛ`=a-4 0 a=4
xÛ`=a+2 xÛ`=6 x='6 x=-'6
536
xÛ`=a+2 0 a=-2
(x-p)(x-q)(x-r)=14 a
xÛ`=a-4 xÛ`=-6 x='6i x=-'6i
(a-p)(a-q)(a-r)=14
p q r a-p a-q a-r
3 a 4 1 ( )
p<q<r a-p>a-q>a-r yy
xÛ`=a-4 xÛ`=a+2
14
a-4 a+2 yy
Ú 1_2_7
a-p=7 a-q=2 a-r=1 ( )
0 1 4 9 16 y
3a-p-q-r=10 3a=p+q+r+10
10 a -3Éa-4É6
p+q+r+10
3Éa+2É12 a=
3
a-4=0 1 4 a+2=4 9
Û (-1)_(-2)_7
a=2 4 5 7 8
a-p=7 a-q=-1 a-r=-2 ( )
a
3a-p-q-r=4 3a=p+q+r+4
2+4+5+7+8=26 ( ) p+q+r+4
a=
3

107

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 Ü (-1)_2_(-7) 2(a+b) 2(1-c) 2
= = -2
a-p=2 a-q=-1 a-r=-7 ( ) c c c
3a-p-q-r=-6 3a=p+q+r-6 2 2 2
f{ -2}= f{ -2}= f{ -2}=0
a b c
p+q+r-6
a= f(x)=(x+2)Ü`+p(x+2)Û`+q(x+2)+r
3
2 2 2 2 2 2
Ý 1_(-2)_(-7) { }Ü`+p{ }Û`+q{ }+r={ }Ü`+p{ }Û`+q{ }+r
a a a b b b
a-p=1 a-q=-2 a-r=-7 ( )
2 2 2
3a-p-q-r=-8 3a=p+q+r-8 ={ }Ü`+p{ }Û`+q{ }+r=0
c c c
p+q+r-8 2 2 2
a= xÜ`+pxÛ`+qx+r=0
3 a b c
Þ 1_(-1)_(-14) 2 2 2 2(ab+bc+ca) 2_3
+ + = = =6`( )
a-p=1 a-q=-1 a-r=-14 ( ) a b c abc 1
3a-p-q-r=-14 3a=p+q+r-14 -p=6 p=-6
p+q+r-14 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4
a= _ + _ + _ = + +
3 a b b c c a ab bc ca
Ú Þ a 4(a+b+c)
=
abc
4_1
= =4
1

537 -;2!; q=4

2 2 2 8 8
xà`=1 _ _ = = =8
a b c abc 1
xà`-1=(x-1)(xß`+xÞ`+xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1)=0 -r=8 r=-8
x=1 xß`+xÞ`+xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1=0 pq (-6)_4
= =3
Ú x=1 r -8
x xÛ` xÜ` 1 1 1 3
+ + = + + =
1+xÛ` 1+xÝ` 1+xß` 1+1 1+1 1+1 2
x3+px2+qx+r=0
Û xß`+xÞ`+xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1=0
2 2 2
x xÛ` xÜ` a b c
+ +
1+xÛ` 1+xÝ` 1+xß`
x3-x2+3x-1=0 a b c
x(1+xÝ`)(1+xß`)+xÛ`(1+xÛ`)(1+xß`)+xÜ`(1+xÛ`)(1+xÝ`) 3 2
-x +3x -x+1=0
=x+xÞ`+xà`+xÚ`Ú`+xÛ`+xÝ`+x¡`+xÚ`â`+xÜ`+xÞ`+xà`+xá`
3 2 1 1 1
=2+2x+2xÛ`+2xÜ`+2xÝ`+2xÞ` ( xà`=1) x -3x +x-1=0
a b c
=2(1+x+xÛ`+xÜ`+xÝ`+xÞ`) x 3 x 2 x
{ } -3{ } + -1=0
=-2xß``( xß`+xÞ`+xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1=0) 2 2 2
2 2 2
x3-6x2+4x-8=0
a b c
(1+xÛ`)(1+xÝ`)(1+xß`)
pq (-6)_4
=(1+xÛ`+xÝ`+xß`)(1+xß`) = =3
r -8
=1+xÛ`+xÝ`+2xß`+x¡`+xÚ`â`+xÚ`Û`
=(1+x+xÛ`+xÜ`+xÝ`+xÞ`+xß`)+xß` ( xà`=1)
=xß``( xß`+xÞ`+xÝ`+xÜ`+xÛ`+x+1=0)
x xÛ` xÜ` -2xß`
+ + = =-2
1+xÛ` 1+xÝ` 1+xß` xß`
Ú Û
3 1
+(-2)=-
2 2

538 3

a+b+c=1 ab+bc+ca=3 abc=1 yy

2b+2c 2a+2c 2a+2b
f{ }= f{ }= f{ }=0
a b c
2(b+c) 2(1-a) 2 2(a+c) 2(1-b) 2
= = -2 = = -2
a a a b b b

108

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 04 Ú~Ü
-4<x<5 x
x
-3 -2 -1 y 4 8

539 3 543
a<b c
3x-1 <5 -5<3x-1<5
a+c<b+c ( )
4
-4<3x<6 - <x<2 a=-1 b=2
3
x 1 1 1
ab=-2+0 a<b -1< < ( )
2 a b
-1 0 1 3
yy TIP 1
a=1 b=-3
a+b ) yy TIP 2
540 xÉ
2
1Û`<(-3)Û` aÛ`<bÛ` a>b (

II
a<b |x-a|É|x-b| x
TIP 1

Ú x<a 1 1
a<b >
a b
-(x-a)É-(x-b) aÉb
a b
Û aÉx<b
1 1
a+b ab>0 a<b >
x-aÉ-(x-b) 2xÉa+b xÉ a b
2
a+b
x aÉxÉ TIP 2
2
Ü x¾b a b aÛ`<bÛ` a<b
x-aÉx-b a¾b x a b aÛ`<bÛ` a>b

a+b
Ú~Ü xÉ
2
544 9

-11<2x-1<9 -10<2x<10 -5<x<5

541 [
-4ÉxÉ6
[
-4ÉxÉ6
-11<2x-1<9 -5<x<5
ax-b É3 -3Éax-bÉ3
x -4Éx<5
-3+bÉaxÉ3+b
-3+b 3+b
ÉxÉ ( a>0) x
a a -5 -4 5 6
-1ÉxÉ2 x
-3+b 3+b -4 -3 -2 y 3 4 9
=-1 =2
a a
a+b=3 2a-b=3
a=2 b=1 545 5

a-b=1 -15<2x-3<x+8
Ú -15<2x-3
2x>-12 x>-6
542 Û 2x-3<x+8
x<11
Ú x<-1 Ú Û -6<x<11
-(x+1)-(x-2)<9 2x>-8 x>-4 p=-6 q=11 p+q=(-6)+11=5
x -4<x<-1
Û -1Éx<2
x+1-(x-2)=3<9 546
-1Éx<2 xÛ`+4x+5>0 (x+2)Û`+1>0 x
Ü x¾2 xÛ`+4x+5>0 ( )
x+1+x-2<9 2x<10 x<5 xÛ`+2x-8É0 (x+4)(x-2)É0
x 2Éx<5 -4ÉxÉ2 ( )

109

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 xÛ`+6x+10É0 (x+3)Û`+1É0
x xÛ`+6x+10>0
550 -1ÉxÉ5

( ) y= f(x) y=2x+1
-xÛ`+4x-4<0 -1 y -1 11 y=2x+1
xÛ`-4x+4>0 (x-2)Û`>0 y=-1 -1=2x+1 x=-1
x+2 ( ) y=11 11=2x+1 x=5
3xÛ`-x-2>0 (3x+2)(x-1)>0 (-1 -1) (5 11)
2
x<- x>1 ( )
3 y=2x+1

{5,`11}
y=f{x}

547
1 7 {-1,`-1}
1 - <x<
2 3
1 7 f(x)-2x-1¾0 f(x)¾2x+1
{x+ }{x- }<0
2 3
y= f(x) y=2x+1
6 6
x -1ÉxÉ5
1 7
6{x+ }{x- }<0 (2x+1)(3x-7)<0
2 3
6xÛ`-11x-7<0
a=11 b=-7 551
a+b=11+(-7)=4 y= f(x) x -6 2 f(x)=0
-6 2

548 f(x)=a(x+6)(x-2) (a>0)

f(x) y -12
yy

xÛ`+(a+1)x+a¾0 x x=0 y=-12

y=xÛ`+(a+1)x+a x -12=-12a a=1
x f(x)=(x+6)(x-2) f(x)+7¾0
xÛ`+(a+1)x+a=0 D (x+6)(x-2)+7¾0 xÛ`+4x-5¾0
D=(a+1)Û`-4aÉ0 aÛ`-2a+1É0 (a-1)Û`É0 (x+5)(x-1)¾0
a 1 xÉ-5 x¾1

xÛ`+(a+1)x+a¾0 x
y=xÛ`+(a+1)x+a x 552 ;7%;ÉkÉ3

x -2xÛ`+4kx-k+3>0 2xÛ`-4kx+k-3<0
y=xÛ`+(a+1)x+a=(x+1)(x+a) f(x)=2xÛ`-4kx+k-3 0<x<2 x
(-1 0) x (-1 0) f(x)<0
y= f(x) f(0)É0
a 1 f(2)É0
y=f{x}
y

549 x
O 2
f(x)>0 -3<x<1 f(x)
f(x)=0
x=-3 x=1
f(x)=a(x+3)(x-1)(a<0)
f(2x-1)¾ f(2) f(0)=k-3É0 kÉ3 yy
a{(2x-1)+3}{(2x-1)-1}¾a_5_1 5
f(2)=8-8k+k-3É0 7k¾5 k¾ yy
(2x+2)(2x-2)É5`( a<0) 4xÛ`-9É0 7
3 3 k
(2x+3)(2x-3)É0 - ÉxÉ
2 2 5
ÉkÉ3
x -1 0 1 3 7

110

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 Ú xÛ`+6É2xÛ`+x
553 2<xÉ5 2Éx<3
xÛ`+x-6¾0 (x+3)(x-2)¾0 xÉ-3 x¾2
2x-3>1 yy Û 2xÛ`+x<xÛ`-2x+4
[
xÛ`-6x+5É0 yy xÛ`+3x-4<0 (x+4)(x-1)<0 -4<x<1
2x>4 x>2 Ú Û
(x-1)(x-5)É0 1ÉxÉ5
-4-3 1 2 x

-4<xÉ-3
1 2 5 x

2<xÉ5

[
xÛ`+3<4x yy 557
2xÛ`-5x+2¾0 yy
xÛ`-x-12É0 yy
xÛ`-4x+3<0 (x-1)(x-3)<0 1<x<3 [
xÛ`+(1-k)x-k<0 yy
2xÛ`-5x+2¾0 (2x-1)(x-2)¾0

II
(x+3)(x-4)É0 -3ÉxÉ4
1
xÉ x¾2 (x+1)(x-k)<0
2
-3Éx<-1

1 1 2 3 x
2 k-3 -1 4 x
2Éx<3 k k<-3

554 4 558
x+2<xÛ` xÛ`+(a-2)x+4=0
xÛ`-x-2>0 (x+1)(x-2)>0 D
x<-1 x>2 yy D=(a-2)Û`-16¾0 aÛ`-4a-12¾0
xÛ`É3x+10 (a+2)(a-6)¾0 aÉ-2 a¾6 yy
xÛ`-3x-10É0 (x+2)(x-5)É0 -2ÉxÉ5 yy

-(a-2)>0 a<2 yy
-2-1 2 5 x a aÉ-2
-2Éx<-1 2<xÉ5
x -2 3 4 5 4
559 k<-;4!;

xÛ`-4kx-4k-1=0
555 D D¾0
a b a+b<0 ab>0
x-1 É4 yy
[
xÛ`-2x-3<0 yy
D
-4Éx-1É4 -3ÉxÉ5 Ú =4kÛ`-(-4k-1)=(2k+1)Û`¾0
4
xÛ`-2x-3<0 (x+1)(x-3)<0 -1<x<3 k (2k+1)Û`¾0 yy TIP
Û a+b=4k<0 ab=-4k-1>0
1 1
k<0 k<- k<-
-3 -1 3 5 x 4 4
-1<x<3 1
Ú Û k k<-
4
x 0 1 2 3
TIP
0
556 k 2k+1
k (2k+1)Û`¾0
xÛ`+6É2xÛ`+x<xÛ`-2x+4

111

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 111 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Ü x¾4
560 2-3x + x-4 =-(2-3x)+(x-4)
a b =4x-6¾14
x¾5
yy TIP Ú~Ü
kÛ`-4k+3=(k-1)(k-3)<0 xÉ-2 x¾5
1<k<3 yy
-k+2<0 k>2 yy
k 2<k<3

TIP
563
axÛ`+b=0

axÛ`+bx+c=0 D

c D=-4ab>0 ab<0
<0 ac<0
a ax+4 ¾b
D D=bÛ`-4ac x¾6 xÉ-2 a<0 b>0 yy TIP
bÛ`¾0 -4ac>0 D>0 ax+4 ¾b ax+4É-b ax+4¾b
axÛ`+bx+c=0 b 4 b 4
x¾- - xÉ -
a a a a
( b 4
- - =6 yy
a a
{
b 4
- =-2 yy
9 a a
8
+ - =4 a=-2
a
561 b
=4 b=8
2
t
a+b=-2+8=6
-5tÛ`+15t+50
0<-5tÛ`+15t+50<50 TIP
0<-tÛ`+3t+10<10 x
Ú 0<-tÛ`+3t+10 ax+4 ¾0 bÉ0 ax+4 ¾b
tÛ`-3t-10=(t+2)(t-5)É0 x
0<t<5`( t>0)
Û -tÛ`+3t+10<10
tÛ`-3t=t(t-3)>0
t>3`( t>0)
Ú Û
3<t<5 2
564
|x-(-2)|+|x-5|¾9
562 |x+2|+|x-5|¾9

2-3x + x-4 ¾14

Ú x<-2
2
Ú x< -(x+2)-(x-5)¾9 -2x¾6
3
2-3x + x-4 =2-3x-(x-4) xÉ-3
=-4x+6¾14 Û -2Éx<5
xÉ-2 (x+2)-(x-5)¾9 7¾9
2 x
Û Éx<4
3 Ü x¾5
2-3x + x-4 =-(2-3x)-(x-4) (x+2)+(x-5)¾9 2x¾12
=2x+2¾14 x¾6
x¾6 x Ú~Ü x
xÉ-3 x¾6

112

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 x -3Éx<-1
565 x -3 -2 2
1 1 1 1 b-a
a<b < - <0 <0
a b a b ab
a<b
a<0 b>0 ( )
b-a>0 ab<0
568
aÛ`+2ab>3bÛ` aÛ`+2ab-3bÛ`=(a+3b)(a-b) x-1<|x+3|É|x-5|
0<a<b a+3b>0 a-b<0 (a+3b)(a-b)<0 Ú x<-3
aÛ`+2ab<3bÛ` ( ) x-1<-(x+3)<-(x-5)
1 1 x-1<-(x+3) 2x<-2 x<-1
a+ >b+
a b -(x+3)É-(x-5) -3É5
1 1 b-a x<-3
a-b+ - =a-b+
a b ab Û -3Éx<5
1 x-1<x+3É-(x-5)
=(a-b){1- }
ab

II
x-1<x+3 -1<3
ab-1
=(a-b)_ x+3É-(x-5) 2xÉ2 xÉ1
ab
0<a<b<1 a-b<0 ab>0 ab-1<0 -3ÉxÉ1
ab-1 Ü x¾5
(a-b)_ >0 ( )
ab x-1<x+3Éx-5
a¾0 b¾0 a - b =a-b x-1<x+3 -1<3
a-b ¾ a - b ( ) x+3Éx-5 3É-5
3 Ú~Ü xÉ1

566 569 ;3%;<aÉ5

|x+1|+|x-3|Ék f(x)=|x+1|+|x-3| 4x+a>3x+5>5x-a

Ú x<-1 Ú 4x+a>3x+5 x>5-a
f(x)=-(x+1)-(x-3)=-2x+2 5+a
Û 3x+5>5x-a 2x<5+a x<
Û -1Éx<3 2
f(x)=(x+1)-(x-3)=4 5+a
Ú Û 5-a<x<
2
Ü x¾3
f(x)=(x+1)+(x-3)=2x-2
5+a 5
Ú~Ü y= f(x) 5-a< 10-2a<5+a 3a>5 a>
2 3
y y=f{x} 5-a¾0 aÉ5
5
a <aÉ5
y=k 3
4

-1 O 3 x 570 5

1 1
|x+1|+|x-3|Ék axÛ`+bx+c>0 x<- x>
2 4
k¾4 a>0
k 4 axÛ`+bx+c>0 a
b c
xÛ`+ x+ >0
a a

567 2 b c
xÛ`+ x+ =0
a a
x=-
1
2
x=
1
4
x-4É0 -3-xÉ0 b c 1 1
xÛ`+ x+ >0 {x+ }{x- }>0
-3ÉxÉ4 yy a a 2 4
x+5¾0 x+1<0 b 1 c 1
= =- yy
a 4 a 8
-5Éx<-1 yy
cxÛ`+bx+a>0 a
c b 1 1
-5 -3 -1 4 x
xÛ`+ x+1>0 - xÛ`+ x+1>0 ( )
a a 8 4

113

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 113 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 -8 Ú k=0
xÛ`-2x-8<0 (x+2)(x-4)<0 -2<x<4 -2É0
x Û k>0
(-1)+0+1+2+3=5 kxÛ`+kx+k-2É0 x
y=kxÛ`+kx+k-2 x
kxÛ`+kx+k-2=0
571 D
D=kÛ`-4k(k-2)¾0 3kÛ`-8kÉ0 k(3k-8)É0
a+b
x= y= f(x) x 8
2 0<kÉ
3
8
a+b Ú Û k 0ÉkÉ
f{ }<0 3
2
k 0 1 2 3
x=c y= f(x) x
f(c)>0
a+b
f(c)> f{
2
}( ) 574
f(x){ f(x)-g(x)}=0 xÛ`-2yx+(3yÛ`+4ay+2)¾0
f(x)=0 f(x)-g(x)=0 xÛ`-2yx+(3yÛ`+4ay+2)=0 DÁ
f(x)=0 x=a x=b DÁÉ0
f(x)=g(x) x=b x=c DÁ
=yÛ`-(3yÛ`+4ay+2)É0 2yÛ`+4ay+2¾0
f(x){ f(x)-g(x)}=0 x=b 4
x=a x=c yÛ`+2ay+1¾0
3 ( ) yÛ`+2ay+1¾0
f(x)<g(x) y= f(x) yÛ`+2ay+1=0 Dª DªÉ0
y=g(x) x Dª
=aÛ`-1É0 (a-1)(a+1)É0
4
f(x)<g(x) c<x<b ( )
-1ÉaÉ1
a -1 0 1
3

572
xÛ`-2xy+3yÛ`+4ay+2¾0
xÛ`-6x+8<0 (x-2)(x-4)<0
(xÛ`-2xy+yÛ`)+2(yÛ`+2ay+1)¾0
2<x<4
(x-y)Û`+2(yÛ`+2ay+1)¾0
f(x)=xÛ`-2x+2kÛ`-6
x y (x-y)Û`¾0
f(x)=xÛ`-2x+2kÛ`-6=(x-1)Û`+2kÛ`-7
yÛ`+2ay+1¾0
x=1
yÛ`+2ay+1=0 D
y=f{x}
D
=aÛ`-1É0 (a+1)(a-1)É0
4
-1ÉaÉ1
1 a -1 0 1
2 x
2k@-7
3

2<x<4 x xÛ`-2x+2kÛ`-6>0
f(x)>0 f(2)¾0
f(2)=2kÛ`-6¾0 kÛ`¾3 575 3

k¾'3 kÉ-'3 y= f(x)

a='3 b=-'3 f(x)<0 x<-1 x>3
ab=-3 x-a
f{ }<0
2
x-a x-a
<-1 >3
2 2
573 x<a-2 x>a+6
(k+1)xÛ`+k-2ÉxÛ`-kx a-2=1 a+6=9
kxÛ`+kx+k-2É0 yy a=3

114

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 114 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 1 3
576 2Ém<3 4p_{ f(2)-g(2)}=4_ _[- (2+2)(2-3)]`(
2 2
)

Ú m=2 =2_6=12
1>0
Û m+2
(m-2)xÛ`-(2m-4)x+1>0 x 579 56

y=(m-2)xÛ`-(2m-4)x+1 f(x)Ég(x) -2ÉxÉ3

x f(x)-g(x)=h(x) h(x)É0
y=(m-2)xÛ`-(2m-4)x+1 -2ÉxÉ3 h(x)
x h(x)=0 x=-2 x=3
m-2>0 m>2 h(x)
(m-2)xÛ`-(2m-4)x+1=0 D h(x)=a(x+2)(x-3) (a>0)
D f(1)-g(1)=-24
=(m-2)Û`-(m-2)<0 (m-2){(m-2)-1}<0
4
h(1)=a_3_(-2)=-24 a=4

II
(m-2)(m-3)<0
h(x)=4(x+2)(x-3)
2<m<3
f(5)-g(5)=h(5)=4_7_2=56
Ú Û m 2Ém<3

577 4
580 52

xÛ`+2 x-2 ¾4 f(x)=(x-3)(x+1) f(n)=(n-3)(n+1)

Ú x<2 y= f(x)
xÛ`-2(x-2)¾4 xÛ`-2x¾0 y y=f{x}
x(x-2)¾0 xÉ0 x¾2 y=f{n}
xÉ0
Û x¾2
xÛ`+2(x-2)¾4 xÛ`+2x-8¾0
(x+4)(x-2)¾0 xÉ-4 x¾2
-4 -1 O 3 n x
x¾2
Ú Û xÛ`+2 x-2 ¾4
(x-3)(x+1)<(n-3)(n+1) -4<x<n
xÉ0 x¾2 yy
y= f(x) y= f(n) x -4
xÛ`+ax+b¾0
n
xÛ`+ax+b=0 0 2
(m-3)(m+1)=(n-3)(n+1) f(m)= f(n)
xÛ`+ax+b=x(x-2) a=-2 b=0
m=-4`( m<n) y= f(x)
aÛ`+bÛ`=4 (-1)+3 (-4)+n
x= =1 =1 n=6
2 2
mÛ`+nÛ`=(-4)Û`+6Û`=52
578
1
f(x)= (x-p)Û`+a g(x)=2(x-p)Û`+b`(a b
2
) 581 2Ék<6

1
f(x) g(x) 2
2 f(2)=4-2(2k+1)+kÛ`-14<0
1 3 kÛ`-4k-12<0 (k-6)(k+2)<0
f(x)-g(x) -2=-
2 2
-2<k<6 yy
f(x)-g(x)¾0 -2ÉxÉ3
2k+1
3 y= f(x) x=
f(x)-g(x)=- (x+2)(x-3) yy 2
2
1+4 5
1 3 x= =
(x-p)Û`+a-{2(x-p)Û`+b}=- (x+2)(x-3) 2 2
2 2
2k+1 5
3 3 3 ¾ 2k+1¾5
- xÛ`+3px- pÛ`+a-b=- (xÛ`-x-6) 2 2
2 2 2
k¾2 yy
x
k
3 1
3p= p= 2Ék<6
2 2

115

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 115 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 582 ;;Á2£;; 585
1 xÛ`-x-6¾0 yy
f(x)= xÛ`-x+a g(x)=|x+3|+|x-1| [
2 3xÛ`-(a+6)x+2a<0 yy
1 1 (x+2)(x-3)¾0 xÉ-2 x¾3
f(x)= (x-1)Û`+a-
2 2
(3x-a)(x-2)<0
x<-3 g(x)=-(x+3)-(x-1)=-2x-2
x 3
-3Éx<1 g(x)=(x+3)-(x-1)=4
x¾1 g(x)=(x+3)+(x-1)=2x+2
1
xÛ`-x+a¾|x+3|+|x-1| x
2 -2 2 3 a4
3
a y= f(x)
x¾1 y=g(x) (3x-a)(x-2)<0
y=f{x} a a
2<x< 3< É4
y 3 3
a 9<aÉ12
y=g{x}

4
586
-3 O 1 x xÛ`-2x-8É0 yy
[
x+1 <k yy
1
xÛ`-x+a=2x+2 xÛ`-6x+2a-4=0 (x+2)(x-4)É0 -2ÉxÉ4
2
D -k<x+1<k -1-k<x<-1+k
D 13
=(-3)Û`-(2a-4)=0 2a=13 a=
4 2
13
a
2
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x yy TIP
-1-k -1+k
x -2 -1 0 1 4
583
1<-1+kÉ2
0É f(x)<g(x) f(x)
2<kÉ3
0 y= f(x) x
x TIP
f(x)¾0 x+1 <k k>0
xÉa x¾d yy -1-k<-1
f(x) g(x) -1-k<x<-1+k -2 -1 0 1
y=g(x) y= f(x)

f(x)<g(x)
b<x<e yy
dÉx<e 587 k¾1

3x-3k>2x-1 yy
[
xÛ`-(k+2)x+2kÉ0 yy

584 x>3k-1
(x-k)(x-2)É0
x+2 É5 yy kÉ2 kÉxÉ2 k>2 2ÉxÉk
[
[x]Û`-2[x]-8<0 yy
-5Éx+2É5 -7ÉxÉ3 Ú kÉ2
([x]+2)([x]-4)<0 -2<[x]<4 -1Éx<4 x>3k-1 kÉxÉ2

-7 -1 3 4 x

x -1ÉxÉ3 k 2 3k-1 x

116

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 116 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 2É3k-1 k¾1 k k+3=4 k=1
1ÉkÉ2 x=4 1
Û k>2
x>3k-1 2ÉxÉk -1 0 4 x

Ü k+3>4 k>1
k>1 4ÉxÉk+3 x
2
2 k 3k-1 x

1 x
kÉ3k-1 k¾ k -1 k-1 4 k+3
2
k>2 x 2
Ú Û k k¾1 k+3=5 k=2
Ú~Ü k
(-1)+2=1
588

II
-3xÛ`+4xÉa
[
|2x-a|¾3-b
590 2

xÛ`+ax+b¾0
[ x=3 1ÉxÉ2
Ú -3xÛ`+4xÉa xÛ`+cx+dÉ0
3xÛ`-4x+a¾0 y=3xÛ`-4x+a
x
3xÛ`-4x+a=0 D 1 2 3 x
D 4 xÛ`+ax+b¾0
=(-2)Û`-3aÉ0 3a¾4 a¾
4 3
xÉ2 x¾3 yy
Û |2x-a|¾3-b
xÛ`+cx+dÉ0
|2x-a| x 0
1ÉxÉ3 yy
3-bÉ0
xÛ`+ax+b=0 x=2 x=3
b¾3
xÛ`+ax+b=(x-2)(x-3)=xÛ`-5x+6
4
Ú Û a¾ b¾3 a b a=-5 b=6
3
a+b 2+3=5 xÛ`+cx+d=0 x=1 x=3
xÛ`+cx+d=(x-1)(x-3)=xÛ`-4x+3
c=-4 d=3
589 (a+b)-(c+d)={(-5)+6}-{(-4)+3}=2
xÛ`-3x-4¾0 yy
[
xÛ`-2(k+1)x+(k+3)(k-1)É0 yy
(x-4)(x+1)¾0
591 5

x¾4 xÉ-1 f(x)=-xÛ`+5x-2 g(x)=xÛ`-3x+6

xÛ`-2(k+1)x+(k+3)(k-1)É0 f(x)=g(x)
{x-(k+3)}{x-(k-1)}É0 -xÛ`+5x-2=xÛ`-3x+6
k-1ÉxÉk+3 2xÛ`-8x+8=0 2(x-2)Û`=0
Ú k-1<-1 x=2 f(2)=g(2)=4
k<0 k-1ÉxÉ-1 x y= f(x) y=g(x) (2 4)
2 x -xÛ`+5x-2Émx+nÉxÛ`-3x+6
y=mx+n (2 4)
k-1 -1 k+3 4 x y= f(x) y=g(x)
y=g{x}
x 2 y
k-1=-2 k=-1
y=mx+n
{2, 4}
Û k-1=-1 k+3=4
k-1=-1 k=0
y=f{x}
x=-1 1

O x
-1 3 4 x

117

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 y=mx+n x=2 y=4
4=2m+n n=4-2m yy
594
f(x)=-xÛ`+5x-2 y=mx+4-2m f(x)=xÛ`+2kx-k f(x)=0
-xÛ`+5x-2=mx+4-2m a b (a<b) -1<a<b<3
xÛ`+(m-5)x+6-2m=0 D y= f(x)
D=(m-5)Û`-4(6-2m)=0 mÛ`-2m+1=0 (m-1)Û`=0 y y=x@+2kx-k
m=1 n=2`( )
mÛ`+nÛ`=1Û`+2Û`=5

-1 O 3 x

592 f(x)=(x+k)Û`-kÛ`-k
kxÛ`+4x-5k=0 a b x=-1 x=3
D f(-k)<0 f(-1)>0 f(3)>0
D Ú -1<-k<3
=4+5kÛ`>0
4 -3<k<1
0 k Û f(-k)<0
-kÛ`-k<0 k(k+1)>0 k>0 k<-1
Ü f(-1)>0 f(3)>0
4 1 9
a+b=- ab=-5 1-2k-k>0 9+6k-k>0 k< k>-
k 3 5
a-b É6 9 1
- <k<
16 5 3
(a-b)Û`=(a+b)Û`-4ab= +20É36
kÛ` Ú Û Ü k
16 1 9 1
É16 É1 - <k<-1 0<k<
kÛ` kÛ` 5 3
kÛ`-1¾0 (k+1)(k-1)¾0
kÉ-1 k¾1

593
595 5

DÁ xÛ`+3x+2=0 (x+2)(x+1)=0
DÁ x=-2 x=-1
=(2k-a)Û`-(kÛ`+4k-a)¾0
4
xÛ`+5x+k=0 -2 -1
4kÛ`-4ak+aÛ`-(kÛ`+4k-a)¾0
3kÛ`-2(2a+2)k+aÛ`+a¾0
5 25
k y=xÛ`+5x+k={x+ }2`+k-
2 4
3kÛ`-2(2a+2)k+aÛ`+a=0 5
x=-
Dª 2
Dª 5 y
=(2a+2)Û`-3(aÛ`+a)É0 y=x@+5x+k x=- 2
4
4aÛ`+8a+4-3(aÛ`+a)É0
aÛ`+5a+4É0 (a+4)(a+1)É0
a
-2
-4ÉaÉ-1 -1 O x

40% f(-2)<0 f(-1)>0

k f(-2)=4-10+k<0 k<6
40%
f(-1)=1-5+k>0 k>4
a 20% 4<k<6 k 5

118

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 a
596 ;5!;<a<:Á9£:
1<a<1+2'3
xÛ`-2(a+1)x+a-2=0 p=1 q=1 r=2
f(x)=xÛ`-2(a+1)x+a-2 y= f(x) p+q+r=4

y=f{x}

599
-2 0 3 5 x a( )
b( )
x
f(-2)>0 f(0)<0 f(3)<0 f(5)>0 x`% a{1+ }( )
100
6
f(-2)=4+4(a+1)+a-2=5a+6>0 a>- x
5 b{1- }( )
200
f(0)=a-2<0 a<2

II
12`%
1
f(3)=9-6(a+1)+a-2=-5a+1<0 a> x x 12
5 a{1+ }_b{1- }¾ab{1+ }
100 200 100
13
f(5)=25-10(a+1)+a-2=-9a+13>0 a< 100+x 200-x 112
9 _ ¾
100 200 100
(100+x)(200-x)¾22400
xÛ`-100x+2400É0
(x-60)(x-40)É0
40ÉxÉ60
6 1 13 2 a
- x 60
5 5 9
1 13
a <a<
5 9

600 15

597 60`m
x y x(m) (30-x)m
3 2 0<x<30-x 0<x<15 yy
y=3x+2 yy 125`mÛ` 200`mÛ`
5 2 125Éx(30-x)É200
1 5 125Éx(30-x)
5(x-3)+1ÉyÉ5(x-2) xÛ`-30x+125É0 (x-5)(x-25)É0
5x-14É3x+2É5x-10`( ) 5ÉxÉ25 yy
Ú 5x-14É3x+2 2xÉ16 xÉ8 x(30-x)É200
Û 3x+2É5x-10 2x¾12 x¾6 xÛ`-30x+200¾0 (x-10)(x-20)¾0
Ú Û 6ÉxÉ8 20É3x+2É26 xÉ10 x¾20 yy

20+26=46 0 5 10 15 20 25 x
x
5ÉxÉ10
598 4
x 10+5=15
a+1 a+2 a+4
a+1>0 a+2>0 a+4>0 a>-1 yy

601 61

(a+1)+(a+2)>a+4 a>1 yy (xÛ`+2ax+2a)(xÛ`+bx+4)=0

2
(a+1)Û`+(a+2)Û`<(a+4)Û` Ú xÛ`+2ax+2a=0 xÛ`+bx+4=0
aÛ`-2a-11<0
1-2'3<a<1+2'3 yy xÛ`+2ax+2a=0 DÁ

119

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 119 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 DÁ
4
=aÛ`-2a=0 a(a-2)=0 a=0 a=2 603
xÛ`+bx+4=0 Dª 1<a<2 5<b<6 yy
Dª=bÛ`-16=0 (b+4)(b-4)=0 b=4 b=-4 6<a+b<8 5<ab<12
a=2 b=4 (x+2)Ý`=0 axÛ`-bx+2c=0
1 b 2c
6< <8 5< <12
(a b) 2_2-1=3 a a
Û a b c 10 a=1 b=7
c=3 c=4 c=5
xÛ`+2ax+2a=0 Ú c=3
xÛ`+bx+4=0 xÛ`-7x+6=0
DÁ (x-1)(x-6)=0 x=1 x=6
=a(a-2)>0 a<0 a>2
4
Dª=(b-4)(b+4)<0 -4<b<4 Û c=4
(a b) 8_7=56 7Ñ'1Œ7
xÛ`-7x+8=0 x=
xÛ`+2ax+2a=0 2
xÛ`+bx+4=0
DÁ Ü c=5
=a(a-2)<0 0<a<2
4 xÛ`-7x+10=0 (x-2)(x-5)=0
Dª=(b-4)(b+4)>0 b<-4 b>4
(a b) 1_2=2 Ú~Ü a=1 b=7 c=4 f(x)=xÛ`-7x+8
Ú Û (a b) 3+56+2=61 f(x)<-2 xÛ`-7x+8<-2 xÛ`-7x+10<0
(x-2)(x-5)<0 2<x<5
x 3 4 2

602
|2x-2|+|x+1|Ék f(x)=|2x-2|+|x+1|
Ú x<-1
f(x)=-(2x-2)-(x+1)=-3x+1 604 1Éa<2
Û -1Éx<1
| f(x)|+ f(x)
f(x)=-(2x-2)+(x+1)=-x+3 g(x)= f(x)=(x+2)(x-4)
2
Ü x¾1 2f(x)
x<-2 x>4 f(x)>0 g(x)= = f(x)
f(x)=(2x-2)+(x+1)=3x-1 2
Ú~Ü y= f(x) - f(x)+ f(x)
-2ÉxÉ4 f(x)É0 g(x)= =0
2
h(x)=a(x+2) y
y y=g{x}
y=f{x} y=h(x) y=h{x}

a (-2 0)
4
y=g(x)
3
y=h(x)
2
-2 O 4 x
| f(x)|+ f(x)
-1 O 1 x Éa(x+2) x
2
|2x-2|+|x+1|Ék x 8
0 y= f(x) y=k -2ÉxÉk 5Ék<6
x n y=g(x) y=h(x)
-nÉxÉn (-2 0) x 5 6
x=-n f(-n)=3n+1
x=n+1 f(n+1)=3(n+1)-1=3n+2 xÛ`-2x-8=a(x+2) x=5
3n+1Ék<3n+2 |2x-2|+|x+1|Ék 5Û`-2_5-8=a(5+2) 7a=7 a=1
-nÉxÉn xÛ`-2x-8=a(x+2) x=6
k k=3n+1 6Û`-2_6-8=a(6+2) 8a=16 a=2
30 k 4 7 10 y 28 9 a 1Éa<2

120

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 120 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 f(x)=(x+2)Û`+2 g(x)=-(x+a)Û`+aÛ`-2
605 2¾aÛ`-2 aÛ`-4É0 (a+2)(a-2)É0
-2ÉaÉ2
Ú x<0 a -2 -1 0 1 2 5
-2x-(2x-m)<n 4x>m-n q=5
m-n p+q=9+5=14
x>
4
m TIP
Û 0Éx<
2 xÁ xª f(xÁ)¾g(xª)
2x-(2x-m)<n m<n x f(x)
m g(x)
0Éx<
2
y= f(x) y=g(x)
m
Ü x¾
2
2x+2x-m<n 4x<m+n

II
y=f{x}
m+n
x<
4
Ú~Ü x 2
a@-2
m-n m+n
<x< yy
4 4
y=g{x}
m=5 n=7
1
- <x<3 x 0 1 2 3 y= f(x) y=g(x)
2
F(5 7)=3 ( )
m=2a n=6a+4
-4a-4 8a+4
<x< -a-1<x<2a+1
4 4
x 2a+1-(-a-1)-1=3a+1
607
F(2a 6a+4)=3a+1 ( ) { f(x)}Û`> f(x)g(x) f(x){ f(x)-g(x)}>0
F(2a 10a)>100 y= f(x) y=g(x) x
2a+10a 2a-10a a b -3<a<-2 1<b<2
- -1>100 5a>101
4 4 y y=f{x}
101
a>
5
a 21 ( )
1 2
-3 -2 O x

y=g{x}

Ú f(x)>0 f(x)-g(x)>0
606 14
f(x)>0 y= f(x) x
xÁ xª f(xÁ)¾g(xÁ)
x f(x)¾g(x) x<-3 x>1 yy
f(x)>g(x) y= f(x) y=g(x)
xÛ`+4x+6¾-xÛ`-2ax-2 2xÛ`+2(a+2)x+8¾0
xÛ`+(a+2)x+4¾0 x<a x>b yy
xÛ`+(a+2)x+4=0 x x<-3
D x>b x -5 -4 2 3 4 5 6
D=(a+2)Û`-16É0 aÛ`+4a-12É0 (a+6)(a-2)É0 Û f(x)<0 f(x)-g(x)<0
-6ÉaÉ2 f(x)<0 y= f(x) x
a -6 -5 -4 y 2 9
p=9 -3<x<1 yy
xÁ xª f(xÁ)¾g(xª) f(x)<g(x) y= f(x) y=g(x)
y= f(x) y=g(x)
yy TIP a<x<b yy

121

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 121 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 x 3 4 ( )
a<x<1 x -2 -1 0 3 x -1 1
Ú Û x 6+3=9

a 1 1 2 x
-
4 2
608 a -2Éa<-1 ( )
|2x-1|¾3 yy
[
xÛ`-(a+1)x+a<0 yy
1
x¾
2
2x-1¾3 x¾2 610
1 x
x< -(2x-1)¾3 2xÉ-2 xÉ-1
2
axÛ`+bx+c>0 pxÛ`+qx+r<0 x
xÉ-1 x¾2
xÛ`-(a+1)x+a=(x-1)(x-a)<0
axÛ`+bx+c>0 y=axÛ`+bx+c
a>1 1<x<a a<1 a<x<1 a=1
x
a>0 bÛ`-4ac<0
a=2 1<x<2
pxÛ`+qx+r<0 y=pxÛ`+qx+r
x
p<0 qÛ`-4pr<0
-1 1 2 x
a>0 p<0 a>p a-p>0 ( )
f(2)=0 ( ) bÛ`-qÛ`>4(ac-pr)
f(a)=1 -1 bÛ`-4ac>qÛ`-4pr
2 bÛ`-4ac<0 qÛ`-4pr<0
bÛ`-4ac>qÛ`-4pr ( ) yy TIP
-2 -1 1 2 3 x pxÛ`+qx+r<0 -1
a>1 2 2<aÉ3 -pxÛ`-qx-r>0 axÛ`+bx+c>0 x
a<1 -1 -2Éa<-1
(a-p)xÛ`+(b-q)x+(c-r)>0
a 3_(-2)=-6 ( ) (a-p)xÛ`+(b-q)x+(c-r)=0 D
f(a)¾3 D=(b-q)Û`-4(a-p)(c-r)<0
a>1 4 (b-q)Û`<4(a-p)(c-r) ( )
a>4
a<1 -3 TIP
a<-3
a=2 b=1 c=2 p=-1 q=1 r=-1
a a=5 a
bÛ`-4ac=1-16=-15 qÛ`-4pr=1-4=-3
b=-4 a-b=5-(-4)=9 ( )
bÛ`-4ac<qÛ`-4pr

611
609 a<b f(x)=xÛ`-(k+1)x+k-4
8xÛ`>2x+1 (4x+1)(2x-1)>0
1 1 Ú -1ÉaÉ2<b
x<- x>
4 2 y=f{x}
xÛ`-(2+a)x+2a<0 (x-a)(x-2)<0 yy
a=2 (x-2)Û`<0 x
( ) -1 2 x
4<aÉ5 2<x<a
f(-1)¾0 f(2)É0

1 1 2 a x f(-1)=1+k+1+k-4=2k-2¾0 k¾1
-
4 2 f(2)=4-2k-2+k-4=-k-2É0 k¾-2
x k k¾1

122

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 122 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Û a<-1ÉbÉ2
y=f{x}
613 -2

(3x-kÛ`+3k)(3x-2k)=0
kÛ`-3k 2k
x= x=
-1 2 x 3 3
(3x-kÛ`+3k)(3x-2k)É0
f(-1)É0 f(2)¾0 2k kÛ`-3k 2k kÛ`-3k
É ÉxÉ
f(-1)=1+k+1+k-4=2k-2É0 kÉ1 3 3 3 3
f(2)=4-2k-2+k-4=-k-2¾0 kÉ-2 2k kÛ`-3k kÛ`-3k 2k
> ÉxÉ
3 3 3 3
k kÉ-2
b-a a b
Ü -1Éa<bÉ2
aÉxÉb x 2
y=f{x}
b-a=2
2k kÛ`-3k
Ú ÉxÉ
x
3 3
-1 2

II
kÛ`-3k 2k
- =2 kÛ`-5k-6=0 (k+1)(k-6)=0
3 3
xÛ`-(k+1)x+k-4=0 D
k=-1 k=6
D=(k+1)Û`-4(k-4)=kÛ`-2k+17=(k-1)Û`+16>0
kÛ`-3k 4 2k 2
k k=-1 = =-
3 3 3 3

f(-1)¾0 f(2)¾0 y= f(x)

kÛ`-3k 2k
x=-1 x=2 k=6 =6 =4
3 3
f(-1)=1+k+1+k-4=2k-2¾0 k¾1 kÛ`-3k 2k
Û ÉxÉ
f(2)=4-2k-2+k-4=-k-2¾0 kÉ-2 3 3
k+1 k+1 2k kÛ`-3k
x= -1< <2 - =2 kÛ`-5k+6=0 (k-2)(k-3)=0
2 2 3 3
-3<k<3 k=2 k=3
k kÛ`-3k 2 2k 4
k=2 =- =
3 3 3 3
Ú~Ü k
kÛ`-3k 2k
kÉ-2 k¾1 k=3 =0 =2
3 3
Ú Û k k=-1 k=2
k (-1)_2=-2

612
xÛ`+(2k-1)x+k-3=0 a b
a =-2 b =1 -2Éa<-1 1Éb<2
f(x)=xÛ`+(2k-1)x+k-3 y= f(x)
614
xÛ`-2x-8<0 (x+2)(x-4)<0
y=f{x} -2<x<4 yy
xÛ`-(3k+2)x+2kÛ`+7k-15¾0
xÛ`-(3k+2)x+(k+5)(2k-3)¾0
x
{x-(k+5)}{x-(2k-3)}¾0 yy
-2 -1 1 2
Ú k+5¾2k-3 kÉ8
x¾k+5 xÉ2k-3
f(-2)¾0 f(-1)<0 f(1)É0 f(2)>0
x=-1

Ú f(-2)=4-4k+2+k-3=-3k+3¾0 kÉ1
Û f(-1)=1-2k+1+k-3=-k-1<0 k>-1
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x
Ü f(1)=1+2k-1+k-3=3k-3É0 kÉ1
2k-3 k+5
1
Ý f(2)=4+4k-2+k-3=5k-1>0 k> 3
5 -1É2k-3<0 1Ék<
2
1
Ú Ý k <kÉ1 k+5>3 k>-2 k k=1
5
1 6 x=3
p+q= +1=
5 5

123

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 123 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x
2k-3 k+5
2<k+5É3 -3<kÉ-2
2k-3<-1 k<1 k k=-2
Û k+5<2k-3
x¾2k-3
k>8

x=-1
xÉk+5 01
615 74

-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x
k+5 2k-3
5 1 5
-1Ék+5<0 -6Ék<-5 3 4 1
2k-3>3 k>3 7 a=5 b=7
k aÛ`+bÛ`=25+49=74
x=3

-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x
616
k+5 2k-3
5 1+1=2 6+6=12
2<2k-3É3 <kÉ3
2
2 12 5 5 10
k+5<-1 k<-6
a b
k
5 10 (a b)
Ú Û k 1 -2
Ú a+b=5
1+(-2)=-1
(1 4) (2 3) (3 2) (4 1)
Û a+b=10
(4 6) (5 5) (6 4)
Ú Û

4+3=7

617
2x+y<7 x
Ú x=1
2+y<7 y<5 (x y)
(1 1) (1 2) (1 3) (1 4)
Û x=2
4+y<7 y<3 (x y)
(2 1) (2 2)
Ü x¾3
6+y<7 y
Ú Ü
(x y)
4+2=6

618
n n

124

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 1 2 3 621 6
2 3 1
0 9 9 1 1 9
3 1 2
1 3 3
2
a b
c (a b c)
619 17 Ú 1 1 9
(1 1 9) (1 9 1) (9 1 1)
a b (a>b)
Û 1 3 3
3 (a b)
(1 3 3) (3 1 3) (3 3 1)
Ú a-b=1
Ú Û
(2 1) (3 2) (4 3) (5 4) (6 5)
(7 6) (8 7) (9 8) (10 9)
3+3=6
Û a-b=2
(3 1) (4 2) (5 3) (6 4) (7 5) (8 6) (9 7) (10 8)
Ú Û
622
9+8=17
40=2Ü`_5 40
2 5
620 15 13 100 2 50
5 20
2 5 10 10

III
1+1=2 6+6=12
40 100
2 12 2 3 5 7 11
100-(50+20-10)=40
a b
(a b)
Ú 2
(1 1) 1 623
Û 3
A B
(1 2) (2 1) 2
Ü 5
4 9 14
(1 4) (2 3) (3 2) (4 1) 4 1 B

Ý 7 3 5
1 5
(1 6) (2 5) (3 4) (4 3) (5 2) (6 1) 6
2
Þ 11 1 2

(5 6) (6 5) 2 A 1
Ú Þ 14

1+2+4+6+2=15
2 12 8 8 9 10 12
a b 8 624 36

(a b) 2 6
Ú 8 3
(2 6) (3 5) (4 4) (5 3) (6 2) 5
Û 9 2_6_3=36
(3 6) (4 5) (5 4) (6 3) 4
Ü 10
(4 6) (5 5) (6 4) 3
Ý 12
625
(6 6) 1 P R
Ú Ý
Ú Q
5+4+3+1=13 P Q 3

125

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 125 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Q R 2
P Q R
630 24 15

3_2=6 (x+y+z)(a+b+c+d)(p+q)(r+s)
Û Q s (r+s) s
P R 3 (x+y+z)(a+b+c+d)(p+q)_s
Ú Û 6+3=9
3_4_2_1=24
(x+y)(p+q+r)
626 (x+y) (p+q+r)
2_3=6
1 2 3 4 4
4
(x+y+z)(a+b+c)
3
3_3=9
4_4_3=48
(x+y)(p+q+r) (x+y+z)(a+b+c)

6+9=15
627 100 90

2 4 6 8
1 3 5 7 9 631 18

4_5_5=100
0 2 4
0
5_6_3=90 Ú
2_3_1=6( )
Û
628 25
3_2_2=12( )
A Ú Û
2 4 6 8 10 5 6+12=18
B 16
16 17 18 19 20 5
632
5_5=25 720
720=2Ý`_3Û`_5

629 27 (4+1)_(2+1)_(1+1)=30

a b
ab (a b) ab

(a b) 6_6=36
ab a b
3_3=9 633
36-9=27
480 864

480=2Þ`_3_5 864=2Þ`_3Ü` 480 864

Ú( ) 2Þ`_3
3_3=9( ) 480 864
Û( ) (5+1)_(1+1)=12
3_3=9( )
Ü( )
3_3=9( ) 634
Ú Ü 9+9+9=27 4

126

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 126 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 A 4 205 214 223 232 241 250 6
B A 3 7+6=13
C A B 2 Ú Û
D A C 2 7+13=20

4_3_2_2=48
638
y=xÛ`+ax+2b x
635 59
xÛ`+ax+2b=0
500 0 1 2 3 4 D
100 0 1 2 3 4 5 D=aÛ`-8b¾0 aÛ`¾8b yy
50 0 1 2 3 a b
0 1 aÛ`
1 4 9 16 25 36
8b
4_5_3-1=59 8
16
24
636 32
40
x+3yÉ10 y
48
yy TIP
(a b) (3 1) (4 1) (4 2) (5 1) (5 2)
Ú y=1

III
(5 3) (6 1) (6 2) (6 3) (6 4) 10
x+3É10 xÉ7 (x y)
(1 1) (2 1) (3 1) (4 1) (5 1) (6 1) 6
Û y=2 639
x+6É10 xÉ4 (x y)
x+3y+2z=18 y
(1 2) (2 2) (3 2) (4 2) 4
Ú y=1
Ü y=3
x+3+2z=18 x+2z=15 (x z)
x+9É10 xÉ1 (x y)
(13 1) (11 2) (9 3) (7 4) (5 5) (3 6) (1 7)
(1 3) 1
7
Ý y¾4
Û y=2
x
x+6+2z=18 x+2z=12 (x z)
Ú Ý
(10 1) (8 2) (6 3) (4 4) (2 5) 5
6+4+1=11
Ü y=3
TIP x+9+2z=18 x+2z=9 (x z)
(7 1) (5 2) (3 3) (1 4) 4
Ý y=4
x+12+2z=18 x+2z=6 (x z)
(4 1) (2 2) 2
Þ y=5
637 x+15+2z=18 x+2z=3 (x z)
(1 1) 1
Ú Ú~~ Þ
16 25 34 43 52 61 70 7 7+5+4+2+1=19
Û
300
1 2 640
1 48xÛ`-14nx+nÛ`=0 (6x-n)(8x-n)=0
6 n n
x= x=
106 115 124 133 142 151 160 7 6 8
2
5 n 6 8

127

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 127 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 200 6 33 cÉ4 c
8 25 Ú c=1
6 8 24 8 aÛ`+bÛ`+1<25 aÛ`+bÛ`<24 (a b)
n (1 1) (1 2) (1 3) (1 4) (2 2) (2 3) (2 4)
33+25-8=50 (3 3) 8
Û c=2

641 aÛ`+bÛ`+4<25 aÛ`+bÛ`<21

(1 1) (1 2) (1 3) (1 4) (2 2) (2 3) (2 4)
(a b)

100 x 500 y 1000 z (3 3) 8

3500 Ü c=3
100x+500y+1000z=3500 aÛ`+bÛ`+9<25 aÛ`+bÛ`<16 (a b)
x+5y+10z=35 (1 1) (1 2) (1 3) (2 2) (2 3) 5
z Ý c=4
Ú z=0 aÛ`+bÛ`+16<25 aÛ`+bÛ`<9 (a b)
x+5y+0=35 x+5y=35 (x y) (1 1) (1 2) (2 2) 3
(35 0) (30 1) (25 2) (20 3) (15 4) (10 5) (5 6) Ú Ý
(0 7) 8 8+8+5+3=24
Û z=1
x+5y+10=35 x+5y=25 (x y)
(25 0) (20 1) (15 2) (10 3) (5 4) (0 5)
6 644
Ü z=2 a¾-1 c¾4 a+c¾(-1)+4=3
x+5y+20=35 x+5y=15 (x y) 5
a+c-2b=8 -2bÉ5 b¾-
(15 0) (10 1) (5 2) (0 3) 4 2
Ý z=3 5
bÉ3 - ÉbÉ3
2
x+5y+30=35 x+5y=5 (x y)
b
(5 0) (0 1) 2
Ú b=3
Ú Ý
a+c-6=8 a+c=14 (a c)
8+6+4+2=20
(-1 15) (0 14) (1 13) y (10 4) 12
Û b=2
642 9
a+c-4=8 a+c=12 (a c)
5`g 10`g 20`g (-1 13) (0 12) (1 11) y (8 4) 10
x y z (x y z ) Ü b=1
5x+10y+20z=80 a+c-2=8 a+c=10 (a c)
x+2y+4z=16 (-1 11) (0 10) (1 9) y (6 4) 8
z Ý b=0
Ú z=1 a+c-0=8 a+c=8 (a c)
x+2y+4=16 x+2y=12 (x y) (-1 9) (0 8) (1 7) (2 6) (3 5) (4 4) 6
(10 1) (8 2) (6 3) (4 4) (2 5) 5 Þ b=-1
Û z=2 a+c+2=8 a+c=6 (a c)
x+2y+8=16 x+2y=8 (x y) (-1 7) (0 6) (1 5) (2 4) 4
(6 1) (4 2) (2 3) 3 ß b=-2
Ü z=3 a+c+4=8 a+c=4 (a c)
x+2y+12=16 x+2y=4 (x y) (-1 5) (0 4) 2
(2 1) 1 Ú ß
Ú Ü 12+10+8+6+4+2=42
5+3+1=9

643 24 645 11

AB 5 4 5
"ÃaÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`<5 aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`<25 p_4Û`_5=80p

128

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 3 3 A A A A B B B
80p_ =60p
4 4 B A B B
20p B A B
p 3p 4p B A
x y z (x y z ) B A A B B
B A B
x+3y+4z=20
B A
z
B A A B
Ú z=1 B A
x+3y+4=20 x+3y=16 B A A A B B
(x y) B A B
(13 1) (10 2) (7 3) (4 4) (1 5) 5 B A
B A A B
Û z=2
B A
x+3y+8=20 x+3y=12
14
(x y)
(9 1) (6 2) (3 3) 3
Ü z=3
x+3y+12=20 x+3y=8
(x y) 648 24

(5 1) (2 2) 2 3 a b c d e
Ý z=4
x+3y+16=20 x+3y=4
(x y)

III
(1 1) 1
a b c d e
Ú Ý c d a e b
5+3+2+1=11 b e a
e a b
b a
e a b d
b a d
646 11
d a b
b a
d c a e b
A B C D E b e a
b c a e d e a b
d a e c b a
e a c d e a b c
c b
c d a e b b a c
e a b d c a
e c a b d
d c a e b b a d
e a b c d a b
c b b a
d a b c
e c a b d c b
d a b c b a c
c b c a
11 24

647 14 649
A B A
A B

129

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 15 25 46 A C B D
1 B
5
2_1_2=4
1 10 21
4 10 B C
1 11
3 6 10 10 12+4=16
1 Ú Ü
2 3 4
A 6+8+16=30
1 1 1 1
46

653 216

650 7 M 54 54=2_3Ü`
M 6
a-1<b-3 b>a+2
M=2_3Û`
Ú a=2
n=2_3Û`_k (k 3 )
b>2+2 b>4
n 18 36 72 90 4 yy
(a b)
n
(2 6) (2 7) (2 8) 3
18+36+72+90=216
Û a=3
b>3+2 b>5
(a b) 54=3M
(3 6) (3 7) (3 8) 3 18=M 36=2M 72=4M 90=5M
Ü a=5 18 36 72 90 54 18
b>5+2 b>7
(a b)
(5 8) 1 654 353
Ý a=6
b>6+2 b>8
0 9
(a b)
9
Ú Ý
8
3+3+1=7

651 24
9_9_8_7 yy
(x-y)Ü`=xÜ`-3xÛ`y+3xyÛ`-yÜ` 6
(a+b+c)Û`=aÛ`+bÛ`+cÛ`+2ab+2bc+2ca
(x-y)Ü`(a+b+c)Û` 5_5_4_3 yy
4_6=24
k=9_9_8_7-5_5_4_3
k 9_9_8_7-5_5_4_3
=
652 30 12 12
4_3_(3_9_2_7-5_5)
A D =
12
=378-25=353
Ú B
A B 3
B D 2 655 9

A B D 3_2=6 0 1 2 y k (k+1)
Û C
A C 2 a=k_k_(k-1) yy
C D 4
A C D 2_4=8 b=k_(k+1)_(k+1) yy
Ü B C
A B C D b k(k+1)Û` (k+1)Û` 25
= = =
3_1_4=12 a kÛ`(k-1) k(k-1) 18

130

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 130 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 25k(k-1)=18(k+1)Û`
25kÛ`-25k=18kÛ`+36k+18
659
7kÛ`-61k-18=0 (7k+2)(k-9)=0 540 540=2Û`_3Ü`_5
k=9 ( k>0) 2

2
656 2Û`_3Ü`_5 3Ü`_5

Ú 1 (2+1)_(3+1)_(1+1)-(3+1)_(1+1)=16
3 5 7 9 4
0 9 10
540 540=2Û`_3Ü`_5
8
2
4_8=32
2_3Ü`_5 2 540
Û 2
540 2_3Ü`_5
1 3 5 7 9 5
0 9 10
8
(1+1)_(3+1)_(1+1)=16
5_8=40
Ü 3
1 5 7 9 4 660
0 9 10
a+b+c=X abc=Y
8

III
X+Y
4_8=32
X Y
Ú Ü
ÚX Y
32+40+32=104
a b c

657 72

1 1 2 2 3 3 5 7 7 7 ÛX Y
2 a b c a b c
1 1 2 2 3 3 5 7 7 7 2 1
2Û`_3Û`_5_7Ü` a b c 1 3
6 3 a b c
(2+1)_(2+1)_(1+1)_(3+1)=72 3_3_3=3Ü`
a b c
3_3Ü`=81
658 72
Ú Û 81
3
6_6_6=216
abc 10 5
661
Ú
abc 10 10000 2 3
5000 3 4
Ú 5 1000 6 7
5 1 2 3 4 6 0
5_5_5=125
Û a=3_4_7-1=84-1=83
2 4 6 1 3 5 Û
3_3_3=27 10000 2
Ú Û 5 0 10000 20000
1 3 2_2_2=8 5000 3
0 5000 10000 15000
216-(125+27-8)=72 1000 6

131

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 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 8
10000 1 1 8
5000 2 Û 2
5000 1 A
1000 5 B H

10000 2 5000 3
1000 20 15 C G
1000
20+15+6=41( ) D F
1000 41 E
42 0 2
2
b=42-1=41 2_8=16
Ú Û a+b=83+41=124 Ú Û
8+16=24
40%
50%
a+b 10% 664 380

662 Ú 1

1 0 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 9_8=72
2 Û 2
3 Ú
4
9_8=72
5
6 Ü 3
7 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 8
7 379
200
1 2 3 4
Ú Ü
6 7 8
379 200
1 2
380
5 6 7

4_3_2_3=72
665
1
663
Ú 1
0 1 2 y 9
10_10=100
Ú 3 Û 1
A 0 1 2 3 4
B H
0 1 2 y 9
5_10=50
C G Ü 1
0 1 2 3 4
D F 0 1 2 y 9
E 5_10=50

132

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 132 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Ú Ü 1 B D A C 2
100+50+50=200
4_3_2_2=48
1 Ú Û
Ú 36+48=84
1 1
1 1 B D
Û
1 10 11 12 y 19
1_10=10
1 11 21 31 y 91 667 72
9_1=9
a b c d
1
10+9=19
Ü a

1 100 101 102 y 199 c

1_10_10=100 b d
1 110 111 112 y 419
4_1_10=40 c a b d
1 101 111 121 y 491 c
4_10_1=40 Úc 1
a b d 2

III
1
100+40+40=180 a 4
Ú Ü 1 b 3
1+19+180=200 d 2

TIP 4_3_2=24
Û 0 Ûc 2 5
Ü a b d c
0 c 4
Û 0 a 3
4 014 14 b 2
Ü 0 d 1
1 001 1
4_3_2_1=24
0 Üc 6
Ú
4_3_2=24
Ú Ü
24+24+24=72
666 84

A C
yy
668
ÚA C A B
A 4
C 1
276
B D A C 3 A 1 84 B
84
1 2 24 192
4_3_3=36 3 60
1 3 24 108
ÛA C 4 7 24 36
1 12 48
A 4
C A 3 1
5 12 12 12 12 12

133

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 133 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 276 B b 6
17_2+6_3=52

C D 4
23
A 1 7 B
7 A a A a a A a A
1 2 2 16
3 5
b a
1 3 2 9 a A b A
4 7 2 3 4 a B
1 1
C D b A a a
1
5 12 1 1 1 b a A a
A C 12 B A b
C D 1 a a A
b a
D B 23
a A
a
12_1_23=276
B A a A b A a A
a a
b A b A
669 B B
a a
A a A a B A a
B D E b b
A B G a A a A
a a
b A a b A
A B C G b B
D H G B A a
E F G a a A a
F G b b
E H G a A a A
a a
D C G
A D
E
6_3=18 671 200

1 49 6
1 2 3 4 5 0
670 6 1 3 5
3 6 6
1 5 3
A a A a A a Úa b 6 1 5
a b 6 1
b A a A 1 7 13 y 49 9
B a 6 5
a
5 11 17 y 47 8
B A a b A a a b (a b)
b b
9_8_2=144
a A B A
Ûa b 6 3
a a
b A b 6 3
B a A 3 9 15 y 45 8
a a a b (a b)
A a 2 8_7=56
B b 3 Ú Û (a b)
A a 17 144+56=200

134

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 134 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 =3+3+2+2
+ = a+b 3 5
a b (a b) Ü 5
10=4+3+1+1+1
=4+2+2+1+1
=3+3+2+1+1
672 19 =3+2+2+2+1
=2+2+2+2+2

1 4 5
Ý 6
10=4+2+1+1+1+1
Ú
=3+3+1+1+1+1
3 5 3 6 =3+2+2+1+1+1
4 6 =2+2+2+2+1+1
3 6 4
Ú Ý
3 5 4 6 2+5+5+4=16
2
1+2_2=5
Û 10
1 4 1 5 1 6 4 3 2 1 x y z w
4 6

III
1 4 1 6 4x+3y+2z+w=10 x+y+z+wÉ6
Ú x=2
1 5 4 6 8+3y+2z+w=10 3y+2z+w=2
2 y z w (y z w)
2+2_2=6 (0 1 0) (0 0 2) 2
Ü Û x=1
4+3y+2z+w=10 3y+2z+w=6
1 2
y z w (y z w)
5 6
(2 0 0) (1 1 1) (1 0 3) (0 3 0) (0 2 2) (0 1 4)
2_2=4
6
Ü x=0
2
3y+2z+w=10
4_2=8
y=3
Ú Ü
9+2z+w=10 2z+w=1
5+6+8=19
z w (z w)
(0 1) 1
y=2
673 16
6+2z+w=10 2z+w=4
4 10 z w (z w)
3 (2 0) (1 2) (0 4) 3
y=1
Ú 3 3+2z+w=10 2z+w=7
10=4+4+2 z w (z w)
=4+3+3 (3 1) (2 3) 2
2 y=0
Û 4 2z+w=10
10=4+4+1+1 z w (z w)
=4+3+2+1 (5 0) (4 2) 2
=4+2+2+2 Ú Ü
=3+3+3+1 2+6+(1+3+2+2)=16

135

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 135 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 674 96 675
Ú 3 6 0 1 2 4 5 7 8 9 8
12 2000
AD
ADF ADG 2 8
D C 0 999 8_8_8=512
0
A B 512-1=511
1
H G
8_8_8=512 yy TIP
E
F 2000 511+512=1023
2000 1024
2 1 10
a=12_2=24 1024 10 4 2000
Û 4
8 TIP
3
1
2
0 1000

A
AD AE AD AB
AB AE 3 1

D C

A B 676 88

H G
2 3 X 4
E
F 5 Y
1 2 3 4 5 6
3 1
b=8_3=24 2
X
Ü 3
8 4
Y
3 5
6

ÚX
A ABCD AEFB
1 2
AEHD 3 DBE
3 4 5 6
1 2 3
D C 4 5 6
2_4_3_3=72
A B ÛY
H G 4_2_2_4=64
ÜX Y
E
F 2_2_2_3=24
Ú Û Ü
1 Ü
c=8_1=8
Ú Ü a+2b+3c=24+2_24+3_8=96 (72-24)+(64-24)=88

136

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 136 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 B 1 2 3 4
677
D 5
A 4 ÚA 14
B 3 14
2 13 15
ÚD E A

C 3 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
F 3
ÛA E A 14

C 3 4 1 3 5 7

F 2 B 1 3

ÜB E B 2

C 2 3 3_2_1=6

F 3 5 2_6=12

ÝA B D E ÛA 15

E 2 2 15
13 14 A
C 2
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
F 2
Ú Ý A 15
5_4_3_(3_3+3_2+2_3+2_2_2)=1740 4 1 2 6 7
4 13

III
ÚC F
C F 5 1 2 1 6
D E C F 7 1 2_2=4
4 B 1 2
C D E F 5_4_4=80 4
A C D 3 B 2
B A D F 3
2 3_2_1=6
5
80_3_2=480 4_2_6=48
ÛC F Ú Û 12+48=60
C 5
F 4
D E C F
679
3 a f
C D E F 5_4_3_3=180
A B a f b c e d
4
A F a 4
B D F 3 f a
A F 1
A C D F 2 b a
B A D F 2 3
c b f
180_(3+2_2)=1260 2
Ú Û e b f
480+1260=1740 2
d a e
2
678 60

A 14 15 4_1_3_2_2_2=96

137

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 137 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 S P R I N G N I R P S
680 63
S P R I N I R P S
G S P R I R P S
G N I R P S S P R P S
G S P S
S

S 3
Ú G Ú Þ
S P R I N G N I R P S 32+16+8+4+3=63
S P R I N I R P S
S P R I R P S
S P R P S 681 108
S P S
108
S 1 2 3 11 12 13 21 22 23 108 =36
3
N N I R P S
2 36
2_2_2_2_2=32( ) k=36
Û G N 36
S P R I N G N I R P S 1+12+23 1+13+22 2+11+23 2+13+21 3+11+22
S P R I N I R P S 3+12+21 2+12+22
S P R I R P S 1 2 3 11 12 13 21 22 23
S P R P S
S P S 1 2 3
S
3_2_1=6
I I R P S 1 12 23 13 22
2
2_2_2_2=16( ) 1
Ü G N I 3_2_1=6
S P R I N G N I R P S m=6_2_6=72
S P R I N I R P S k+m=36+72=108
S P R I R P S
S P R P S
S P S 682 70
S
ÚA C D E B
R R P S
A C 3
2
C D 1
2_2_2=8( )
F G H
Ý G N I R
A
S P R I N G N I R P S
G E
S P R I N I R P S
C H
S P R I R P S
D F
S P R P S
S P S B
S D E C
P P S D F 1
2 F G E 3_1=3
2_2=4( ) E B 5
Þ G N I R P F H E 3_1=3
E B H
1

3_1_1_(3_5+3_1)=54

138

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 138 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 ÛA D C E B Ü 1 5
A D C lÁ 1
1 (A B) (B C) (C D) (D E) 4
D C 1 lª 5
G H (F K) 1
A 4_1=4
G E Ú Ü
C H 6+10+4=20
D

B
C G E 3_1=3
E B 5
C H E 1_1=1
E B H
1

1_1_(3_5+1_1)=16
Ú Û
54+16=70

III
683 20

4 l¡ A B C D E
lÁ lª 1 1 l™
F G H I J K
3
l¡ A B C D E l¡ A B C D E
6 lÁ lª
l™ l™
3 3 2 4 F G 1H 5I J K F G H I J K

l¡ A B C D E l¡ A B C D E l¡
A B C D E
l™ l™ l™
F G H I J K F G H I J K F G H I J K
1 A B C 2D E 3
l¡ A B C D E l¡
Ú
l™ l™ 3
F G H I J K F G H I J K
lÁ 3
A B C D E
l¡ (A D) (B E) 2
l™ lª 3
F G H I J K
(F I) (G J) (H K) 3
2_3=6
Û 2 4
lÁ 2
(A C) (B D) (C E) 3
lª 4
(F J) (G K) 2
3_2=6( )
lÁ 4
(A E) 1
lª 2
(F H) (G I) (H J) (I K) 4
1_4=4( )
6+4=10

139

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 139 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 02 ÇP¨=n_ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ
(n-1)!
n_ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ‌‌=n_
{n-1-(r-1)}!
684 3 6
=
n!
(n-r)!
60=5_4_3 °P¨=60 r r=3 =ÇP¨
ÇPª ÇP¢ n¾4
12_ÇPª=ÇP¢
12_n(n-1)=n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)
12=(n-2)(n-3)
687 120

5
12=4_3 n-2=4 yy TIP
5!=5_4_3_2_1=120
n=6

TIP
12=(n-2)(n-3) 688 10

nÛ`-5n-6=(n-6)(n+1)=0 ÇP£=n(n-1)(n-2)
n=6 n(n-1)(n-2)=720
720=10_9_8 yy TIP
n=10
ÇP¨ n 0ÉrÉn
TIP
n(n-1)(n-2)=720
nÜ`-3nÛ`+2n-720=0 (n-10)(nÛ`+7n+72)=0
685 n=10
¢P¼=1 ( )
n!
ÇP¨= ( )
(n-r)!
¢PÁ=4 ¢P£=4_3_2=24 ¢PÁ+¢P£ ( ) 689
0!=1 3!_0!=3!=3_2_1=6 ( ) 6
n!
ÇP¨= =n(n-1)(n-2)_y_(n-r+1) ( )
(n-r)!
6 6!

4 2 ¢Pª
686 4 4!
n ¢Pª_4!
…
r 6!-¢Pª_4!=4!_(6_5-4_3)=432

1
1 690
n 1 2 3 2 A B
… £Pª=6
r 4
6_4!=144
2
2
ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ 691 144

n r o a 4 2
ÇP¨ ¢Pª=12
ÇP¨= n _ ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ o a 3
n ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ 3!=6

140

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 140 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 o a 2!=2 3 2 3!=6
2_6=12
12_6_2=144 Û 2
2 £Pª=6
3 3!=6
692 72
6_6=36
3 3 Ú Û
3!_3!=6_6=36 12+36=48

2
36_2=72 697
ÇC¼=1 ( )
¦P¢
693 ¦C¢=
4!
( )

5 4 1 ¤Cª=¤C¢ ( )
£Pª=6 £Cª=3 £Pª=£Cª+3 ( )
¥P¦=8_7_6_y_2=8! ( )
5 5!=120
5 4
4!=24
698 11

120_24=2880 n(n-1)(n-2)

III
ÇPª=n(n-1) ÇC£=
3_2_1
3_ÇPª=2_ÇC£
694 3_n(n-1)=2_
n(n-1)(n-2)
3_2_1
4
n-2=9 ( n¾3)
4!=24
n=11

5 3 3
ÇC¨ n 0ÉrÉn

°P£=60

24_60=1440 699 5

Á¼C¨Ðª 0Ér-2É10 2ÉrÉ12

695 96
Á¼Cª¨Ð£ 0É2r-3É10
3
2
ÉrÉ
13
2
0+1+2+3+4+5=15 13
2ÉrÉ yy
4 5 3 5 2
Ú 4 5 Á¼C¨Ðª=Á¼Cª¨Ð£
0 1 2 3 4!=24 r-2=2r-3 (r-2)+(2r-3)=10
4 5 Ú r-2=2r-3
24_2!=48 r=1
Û 3 5
Ú 48 Û (r-2)+(2r-3)=10
Ú Û 3r=15 r=5
48+48=96 Á¼C£=Á¼C¦
Ú Û r=5

696
700 360

Ú 1 8 9 1 3
1 2!=2 2 4 5 6 7 8 6 4

141

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 141 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 C4=6C2=15
6

4 4!=24
705 350

5 2
15_24=360 °Cª=10
7 3

701 ¦C£=35

7 a c 10_35=350
b d e f g 3 °C£=10
5 5!
a c 2!_4! 706 21

4
10_(5!-2!_4!)=10_4!_(5-2)=720
Ú 1
¢C¢=1
7 a c Û 2
b d e f g 3 °C¢=°CÁ=5
°P£=60 Ü 3
4 ¤C¢=¤Cª=15
2 a c Ú Ü
¢Pª=12 1+5+15=21
60_12=720

707 231

702 5

7 3
¦C£=35 10 5

3 10 C5=252
5

4 3 C5=21
7

¢C£=¢CÁ=4
252-21=231

35-4=31

708 44

703 1 9 5 4

4 2 5
6
2 4
6 3 5
Ú 3
3 3
¢Cª_°Cª=6_10=60
°C£_¢C£=10_4=40
Û 5
5 1
704 °C°_¢CÁ=1_4=4
9 1 Ú Û
»CÁ=9 40+4=44
8 2
¥Cª=28
1+2+3+y+9=45 3

9_28=252

142

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 142 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 709 19 714
n n 2 8 4
1 1
¥C¢_¢C¢_ =70_1_ =35
n(n-1) 2! 2
ÇCª= =171
2!
n(n-1)=342=19_18 2!=2
n=19 ( n¾2)
35_2=70

710 715 630

10 7 2 2 3
Á¼Cª=45 1 1
¦Cª_°Cª_£C£_ =21_10_1_
6 2! 2
6_45=270 =105
3
3!=6

711 105_6=630

5 3

III
°C£=°Cª=10
4 2
716
¢Cª=6 4 6
3 2 5 4 4 3 5 2 6
5! Ú4 6 4 4
10_6_5!=7200 1 1
¥C¢_¢C¢_ _2!=70_1_ _2=70
2! 2
Û4 6 3 5
¥C£_°C°=56_1=56
Ü4 6 2 6
712 ¥Cª_¤C¤=28_1=28
2 Ú Ü
2 70+56+28=154
15 2
Á°Cª=105
2 717
¢Cª+°Cª+£Cª+£Cª=6+10+3+3=22
6
a b c d e f
105-22=83

a b c d e f

713 64
a b c d
a b c d e f

7 e f
3 9 ¤Cª=15
3 5 7 9 4 a b c d
7 5 3 1
1 1
¢Cª_ªCª_ =6_1_ =3
2! 2

¦C¦+¦C°+¦C£+¦CÁ=1+21+35+7=64( ) 15_3=45

143

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 143 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 718 722 15

(n-1)! r(n-1)! 4
ÇÐÁP¨+r_ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ= +
(n-1-r)! {(n-1)-(r-1)}! a b c d 4
(n-1)!
= {(n-r)+r}
(n-r)! 4 4!=24
n! a b c d 4
=
(n-r)!
=ÇP¨
ÇÐÁP¨+r_ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ=ÇP¨ a b c d
b a d c
c d a
d a c
(n-1)! r(n-1)!
ÇÐÁP¨=
(n-1-r)!
r_ÇÐÁP¨ÐÁ=
{(n-1)-(r-1)}!
50% c a d b
d a b
b a
50%
d a b c
c a b
b a
719
24-9=15

A1 B1 A1 B4 A3 B1 A3 B4 4
2 2!=2
5 5!=120
723
4_2_120=960 300 4000

Ú
720 3 4 2
3 5 12 8 1 2 3 4
3 3 2 £Pª=6( )
8 3 2_6=12
Û
5 1 2 3 3
6 3 1 2 3 4
3 £P£=6( )
1 2 3 4 5 6
3_6=18
Ú Û
¤P£=6_5_4=120 12+18=30

721
2 2 724
3

2 ¢Pª=12 9 5 4 3
2!=2 2

3_12_2=72 °P£_¢Pª=60_12=720

144

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 144 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 120_3+24_2+6_3+2_2=430
725 430 436251
2 4 6
3 5
6 728
3 1
Ú 2 1
2 4 6 3!=6 Ú 1
1a 3ab5 b a3 a5b b
a b a b
3!=6 5
2_6_6=72
Û a ab b a ab b
3 2
2 4 6 3!=6
1 3 5 3!=6
3!_2!=12
a b 3 5 5 3
Û 2 1
6-2=4
3 2 1
2_6_4=48
4
Ú Û
72+48=120

III
726
3 3
1 2 3 4 5 6 6 3
1 2 3 6 1 2 4 5 1 3 5 6 2 3 4 6
3 4 5 6 5 3 2

4!=24 4_3!_2!=48

a=5_24=120 Ú Û 5

4 4 12+48=60

12 16 24 32 36 52 56 64
8
729
¢Pª=12 ÇPÇ=n! ÇCÇ=1 )ÇPÇ+ÇCÇ (
b=8_12=96 n! (n+1)!
(n+1)ÇP¨=(n+1)_ = =Ç*ÁP¨*Á ( )
a+b=120+96=216 (n-r)! (n-r)!
ÇP¨=ÇC¨_r! ( )
Ç*ÁC¨*Á=Ç*ÁC(n+1)-(r+1)=Ç*ÁCÇШ ( )
ÇP¼=1 ÇC¼=1 0!=1 ÇP¼=ÇC¼=0! ( )
727 3

430
1 5!=120 730
2 5!=120 (n-1)! (n-1)!
ÇÐÁC¨ÐÁ+ÇÐÁC¨= +
3 5!=120 (r-1)!(n-r)! r!(n-r-1)!
41 4!=24 (n-1)! 1 1
= _{ + }
(r-1)!(n-r-1)! n-r r
42 4!=24
(n-1)! n
431 3!=6 = _
(r-1)!(n-r-1)! r(n-r)
432 3!=6 n!
=
435 3!=6 r!(n-r)!
4361 2!=2 =ÇC¨
4362 2!=2 ÇÐÁC¨ÐÁ+ÇÐÁC¨=ÇC¨‌

145

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 145 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 24
r!= =6=3_2_1
4

(n-1)! (n-1)!
r=3
ÇÐÁC¨ÐÁ= ÇÐÁC¨= 50%
(r-1)!(n-r)! r!(n-r-1)! P3=n(n-1)(n-2)
n 24=4_3_2
n(n-1)(n-2)=4_3_2
50% n=4
n+r=4+3=7

731 10

f(n)=ÇCª+ÇC£
733
n(n-1) n(n-1)(n-2) 2310 2310=2_3_5_7_11
= +
2! 3! Ú1
n(n-1) n-2 2 3 5 7 11
= {1+ } 
2! 3
5 3
n(n-1)(n+1)
=
6
=165 2 3 5 7 11 3 1 1
n(n-1)(n+1)=6_165 1 1
°C£_ªCÁ_ÁCÁ_ =10_2_1_ =10
2! 2
n(n-1)(n+1)=2_3Û`_5_11
2 3 5 7 11 2 2 1
n(n-1)(n+1)=9_10_11
1 1
n=10 °Cª_£Cª_ÁCÁ_ =10_3_1_ =15
2! 2
a=10+15=25
ÇCª+ÇC£=Ç*ÁC£ Û
(n+1)_n_(n-1) 2
f(n)= 2 3 5 7 11 3 2
3!
n(n-1)(n+1)
=
6 b=°C£_ªCª=10_1=10
f(n)=165 Ú Û a+b=25+10=35
n(n-1)(n+1)
=165
6
n(n-1)(n+1)=6_165
n(n-1)(n+1)=2_3Û`_5_11
734
n(n-1)(n+1)=9_10_11 a<b<c<d
n=10 a

Ú a=1
732 b c d 1 8 3
x b c d
12xÜ`-9 nCr xÛ`-2 nPr x+144=0 ¥C£=56
2 -2 Û a=2
12xÜ`-9 nCr xÛ`-2 nPr x+144 x-2 x+2 b c d 1 2 7 3
a b b c d
12xÜ`-9 nCr xÛ`-2 nPr x+144=(x-2)(x+2)(ax+b) ¦C£=35
Ü a=3
(x-2)(x+2)(ax+b) b c d 1 2 3 6 3
=(xÛ`-4)(ax+b) b c d
=axÜ`+bxÛ`-4ax-4b ¤C£=20
Ú Ü 1 2 3
12=a -9 nCr=b -2 nPr=-4a 144=-4b 56+35+20=111
a=12 b=-36 4 4
nCr=4 nPr=24 yy 115
nPr 4 5
Pr=nCr_r!
n r!=
nCr

146

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 146 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 4567 4568 4569 4578 y Ú Ý
115 4578 2+12+36+80=130

736
735 130

a 4 2 5 2 4
b c d
¢Cª_°Cª=6_10=60
a

b c d 1 12
2 6
a<b a<c a<d 3 2
b+c c+d
Ú b+d 60-(12+6+2)=40
a b c d 6
4 ¤C¢=¤Cª=15
a 3 b c d 737
1_3!=6 15 1
b+d 15_6=90 1 3
Û b=d 2
a<b=d a<c a b c d 1 2 3

III
3
6 3
¤C£=20
3 a
2 b(=d) c
1_2!=2 1
b=d 20_2=40
Ú Û 90+40=130 £Cª+¢Cª+°Cª+¦Cª=3+6+10+21=40
2
£Cª+¢Cª+°Cª=3+6+10=19
a 2 aÉ4
3
Ú a=4
£Cª+¢Cª=3+6=9
c 5 6
4
b d 5 6 c
£Cª=3
1_1=1
a=4 2_1=2
40+19+9+3=71
Û a=3
c 4 5 6
b d 4 5 6 c 738
2_2=4
12 3
a=3 3_4=12
ÁªC£=220
Ü a=2
3 3
c 3 4 5 6
b d 3 4 5 6 c
3_3=9
Ú4
a=2 4_9=36
Ý a=1
c 2 3 4 5 6
b d 2 3 4 5 6 c
4_4=16 4 3 ¢C£=4
a=1 5_16=80 3 4_3=12

147

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 147 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Û3 =2n_2n-1C0+2n_2n-1C1+2n_2n-1C2+y+2n_2n-1C2n-1
=2n_(2n-1C0+2n-1C1+2n-1C2+y+2n-1C2n-1)
=2n_{(2n-1C0+2n-1C2n-1)+(2n-1C1+2n-1C2n-2)
+y+(2n-1Cn-1+2n-1Cn)}
=2n_2_(2n-1C0+2n-1C1+2n-1C2+y+2n-1Cn-1)
3 =2a_ 2n
8
Ú Û 12+8=20 Cn-k
n n 2n
220-20=200

739 741
12
ÁªC£=220
Ú 1
Ú
1
12
°CÁ=5
4 A B 1
¢CÁ_£CÁ=4_3=12

5_12=60
Û
Û 5 A 2
8 12_8=96 °Cª=10
3 B 2
£Cª=3
…

…
10_3=30
Ú Û
60+30=90
Ú Û
220-(12+96)=112

742
740 6 2
0ÉkÉn k A B
n!
nCk=
(n-k)!k! ¤Cª=15
n! 4 4
=
(n-k)!{n-(n-k)}! 4!=24
= nCn-k
15_24=360
n!
k_nCk=k_
k!(n-k)!
n_(n-1)!
=
(k-1)!(n-k)! 743
= n _n-1Ck-1 7 ¦CÁ=7
6 3 ¤C£=20
k_2nC2n-k=k_2nCk=2n_2n-1Ck-1 3
2_2_2=8
1_2nC2n-1+2_2nC2n-2+3_2nC2n-3+y+2n_2nC0
=1_2nC1+2_2nC2+3_2nC3+y+2n_2nC2n 7_20_8=1120

148

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 148 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 744 35_9=315
1
14 3 3
747
14 3 9
Á¢C£=364 10
n 3 Ú 9
ÇC£ 2
364-ÇC£=308 ÇC£=56 6 3 7 2
n(n-1)(n-2) 8 1
ÇC£= =56
3!
6 3
n(n-1)(n-2)=8_7_6 n=8
4 5 2 1
8 14-8=6
7 2
3 4 5 6 2 ¢Cª=6
20% 8 1
1 40% 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 ¤Cª=15
40% 1+6+15=22
Û 10
2
745 8
7 3 8 2
7 3

III
n (n>2) (n-2)
4 5 6 2 £Cª=3
n(n-1) 8 2
ÇCª=
2! 3 4 5 6 7 2 °Cª=10
3+10=13
ÇCÁ_ÇЪCÁ=n(n-2) Ú Û
22+13=35
20
n(n-1)
=n(n-2)-20
2! 748
nÛ`-3n-40=0 (n+5)(n-8)=0
1 20 3 0 1 2
n=8 ( n>2)
6 7 7 3
8

Ú 3 0
746 315 ¤C£=20
Û 3 1
7 3
¦C£=35
¦C£=35
Ü 3 2
4
¦C£=35
4 a b c d
Ý 3 0 1 2

a b c d ¤CÁ_¦CÁ_¦CÁ=6_7_7=294
b a d c Ú Ý
c d a 20+35+35+294=384
d a c
c a d b
d a
b
b
a
749
1
d a b c
c a b Ú
b a 1 £CÁ=3
3_3=9 2 1

149

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 149 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 3
£Cª_ªCÁ+£C£=3_2+1=7
752 90

3_7=21 2 2 2
Û 3 2 1 4 1 1
1 £CÁ=3 Ú2 2 2
2 1 1 1
¤Cª_¢Cª_ªCª_ =15_6_1_ =15
3! 6
Û3 2 1
ªCª_£CÁ=1_3=3
¤C£_£Cª_ÁCÁ=20_3_1=60
3_3=9
Ü4 1 1
Ú Û
1 1
21+9=30 ¤C¢_ªCÁ_ÁCÁ_ =15_2_1_ =15
2! 2
Ú Ü
15+60+15=90
750 18

19 5
2 x y
753
5x+2y=19
x y
x=1 y=7 x=3 y=2 Ú
Ú x=1 y=7 3 3
8 5 1 Û
4 2 1 1 3
C1=8 1 1
8 ¢Cª_ªCÁ_ÁCÁ_ =6_2_1_ =6
2! 2
Û x=3 y=2
3
5 5 3
3!=6

5 C3=10
6_6=36
Ú Û
Ú Û
8+10=18
3+36=39

751 754
7 4 A B C D
a b c d e f g
Ú3 1 1 1
1 1
¤C£_£CÁ_ªCÁ_ÁCÁ_ =20_3_2_1_ =20
3! 6
a b c d e f g
Û2 2 1 1
1 2
1 1
a b c d e f g ¤Cª_¢Cª_ªCÁ_ÁCÁ_ =15_6_2_1_ =45
2!2! 4
1 2 a b c d e f g Ú Û 4 4!=24
2
1 2 a b c d 3 e f g (20+45)_24=1560
2
°C£_ªCª=10_1=10
a b c d 3 1 2 755 132

3 2
£CÁ=3 £Pª=6 yy
e f g g A B ªPª=2 yy
£CÁ=3 A B 4

2_10_3_3=180 Ú4 7 2 2

150

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 150 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 1 1
¢Cª_ªCª_
2!
_2!=6_1_ _2=6
2 758 119

Û4 7 1 3 3 a b c`(a<b<c)
¢CÁ_£C£=4_1=4 n
Ü7 4 1 b-a>n c-b>n yy
Ú Ü a' b' c' (a'<b'<c') a=a' b=b'+n
6_2_(6+4+1)=132 c=c'+2n a b c
c'+2n 15
c'+2nÉ15 c'É15-2n
756 n
7 6 3 1 15-2n 3
6 3
Ú4 1 1 f(n)=15-2nC£
1 1 f(3)+ f(4)=»C£+¦C£‌‌
¤C¢_ªCÁ_ÁCÁ_ =15_2_1_ =15
2! 2 =84+35=119
Û3 2 1
¤C£_£Cª_ÁCÁ=20_3_1=60
Ü2 2 2 759
1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4
¤Cª_¢Cª_ªCª_ =15_6_1_ =15
3! 6
4!=24
Ú Ü 6 5 3
2 1
3!=6

III
(15+60+15)_6=540
1 2 3 4
2 1 4 3
757 960 3
4
4
1
1
3
4 2 5 3 1 4 2
4 1 2
Ú1 2 2 1
2 5 4 1 2 3
4 3 1 2
2 1
4!=24
5_24=120 3_3=9
Û1 2 2 3
4 2 9
¢Cª=6 24_9_9=1944
2 5
2
¢Pª=12 760
2 1 8 4
1 4
6_5_12_1=360 nÉ3 f(n)=0 f(3)=0
Ü1 1 1 Ú n=4
4 4 1 4
4
°P¢=120 f(4)=4!
1 Û n=5
1 1 5
¢CÁ=4 4 3 1
120_4=480
Ú Ü 4 3
120+360+480=960 ¢C£=4

151

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 151 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 4 1 ÚY 1
¢CÁ=4 X 7 Y
¦CÁ=7
f(5)=4_4_4!=16_4! X 7
Ü n=6 ÛY 2
6 X Y 6 2
5 3 2 X 6 2
Y
4 3 X X X X X X
¢C£=4
¤Cª=15
4 2
ÜY 3
¢Cª=6
X Y 5 3
X 5 3
f(6)=4_6_5!=24_5!
Y
Ú Ü
X X X X X
f(3)+ f(4)+ f(5)+ f(6) 0+4!+16_4!+24_5!‌
=
4! 4! °C£=10
=1+16+120=137 ÝY 4
X Y 4 4
Y 1

761 306 X Y X Y X Y X Y

1 2 y 9 1
»P£=9_8_7=504 Ú Ý
9 2 7 7 7+15+10+1=33
1 6 2 5 3 4
Ú7 1 6
763
7 1 6 1 6 6 8
1 6
1 6 7 1
Ú

7_3!=42 1 ¢P£=24

6 8 1000 24

6 8 7 1 2 3 4
2000 3000 4000 24

7_3!=42 24_(1000+2000+3000+4000)=240000

1 6 8 Û

3!=6 1 3_3_2=18

1 6 6 8 100 18

42+42-6=78 2 3 4

Û7 2 5 200 300 400 18

7 2 5 2 5 5 9 18_(100+200+300+400)=18000

Ú 78 Ü

Ü3 4 1 3_3_2=18

7_3!=42 10 18

Ú Ü 2 3 4

504-(78_2+42)=504-198=306 20 30 40 18
18_(10+20+30+40)=1800
Ý
1 3_3_2=18
762 1 18
X Y 1 4 2 3 4
2 3 4 18

152

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 152 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 18_(1+2+3+4)=180 Ú 7
Ú Ý x+y=5 x+3y=7 x=4 y=1
240000+18000+1800+180=259980 4 1
5 °CÁ=5

764 624 Û 11
x+y=5 x+3y=11 x=2 y=3
2 3
5 °C£=10

ÚE F
Ü 15
E 8
x+y=5 x+3y=15 x=0 y=5
F 4
1
6 6!
Ú Ü
8_4_6!
5+10+1=16
ÛE F A C
A C
A C 4 766 50
A C 2
A A
E 6
F 3
ÚA
4 4!
ÛA

III
4_2_6_3_4!
A 1
A C
¢CÁ=4
A C 2 6
3 A
A C 2
3!=6
E F A C 2
5
E F A C
4_6=24
2
ÜA
E F A C
A 2
4
¢Cª=6
4 4!
2 1
6_2_2_2_4_4!
2 A
Ú Û
2!=2
8_4_6!-4_2_6_3_4!-6_2_2_2_4_4!
5
=4!_(8_4_6_5-4_2_6_3-6_2_2_2_4)
6_1_2=12
=24_624
ÝA
24k=24_624 k=624
A 3
¢C£=4
3 2!=2
765 16
1 A 1
1 3 5
4_2_1=8
ÞA
1 3 4
5 3
5 15 3!=6
A B Ú Þ
7 11 15 24+12+8+6=50
1 x 3 y
7 11 15

153

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 153 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 Ü i<j aij=aji
aÁª=aªÁ=2 a13=a31=3 a23=a32=6
-1 2 3
Ú Ü A=» 2 2 6¼
3 6 9

01 A 2 2+2+6=10

767 -11 770 14

aij=(-1)i+3j-2ij A=B
aÁÁ=(-1)+3_1-2_1_1=0 x y+3z y+4 5
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
aÁª=(-1)+3_2-2_1_2=1 x+2y 1 1 x-z
aªÁ=(-1)2+3_1-2_2_1=0
aªª=(-1)2+3_2-2_2_2=-1 x=y+4 x-y=4 yy
3
a31=(-1) +3_1-2_3_1=-4 y+3z=5 yy
3
a32=(-1) +3_2-2_3_2=-7 x+2y=1 yy
0 1 1=x-z yy
A=» 0 -1 ¼ x=3 y=-1
-4 -7 x=3 1=3-z
A z=2
0+1+0+(-1)+(-4)+(-7)=-11 y=-1 z=2
x2+y2+z2=32+(-1)2+22=14
0 4 12
768 » 4 0 3¼
12 3 0 771 28

Ú i=j aij=0 aÁÁ=aªª=a33=0 aÁª=6 a+2b+3=6

Û P1 P2 4 P1 a+2b=3 yy
P2 P2 P1 a13=8 a+3b+3=8
4 a+3b=5 yy
aÁª=aªÁ=4 a=-1 b=2
Ü P2 P3 3 P2 i+j aij=-i+2j+3
P3 P3 P2 x=a23=-2+2_3+3=7
3 y=a32=-3+2_2+3=4
a23=a32=3 xy=7_4=28
Ý P1 P3 P2
P1 P3 4_3=12
a13=12
P3 P1 P2 772 4

P3 P1 A=B
3_4=12 a31=12 x2-x -4 6 xy
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
0 4 12 3 3y-2 3 y2
Ú Ý A=» 4 0 3¼
12 3 0 x2-x=6 yy
-4=xy yy
2
3y-2=y yy
769 10 2
x -x-6=0
Ú i>j aij=ij (x+2)(x-3)=0 x=-2 x=3
2
aªÁ=2_1=2 a31=3_1=3 a32=3_2=6 y -3y+2=0
2
Û i=j aij=2i -3j (y-1)(y-2)=0 y=1 y=2
aÁÁ=2_12-3_1=-1 aªª=2_22-3_2=2 xy=-4 x=-2 y=2
a33=2_32-3_3=9 y-x=2-(-2)=4

154

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 154 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 x=2 y=-3
773 2-3k=-7
a3 a-b 5'2+7 2 -3k=-9 k=3
¦ 3
¥=¦ ¥
ab b k 5'2-7 k+x+y=3+2+(-3)=2

a3=5'2+7 yy
a-b=2 yy
ab=k yy 777
3
b =5'2-7 yy -8 1
3 3 3
a -b =(a-b) +3ab(a-b) 2A-3B=¦ ¥ yy
2 6
1 8
5'2+7-(5'2-7)=23+3_k_2 3A+2B=¦ ¥ yy
-10 9
14=8+6k 6k=6 _2+ _3
k=1 -8 1 1 8 -13 26
13A=2¦ ¥+3¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 6 -10 9 -26 39
-1 2
774 A=¦
-2 3
¥ yy

1 5
3(A-2B)- (5A-8B)=3A-6B- A+4B
2 2 -1 2 -8 1
1 2¦ ¥-3B=¦ ¥
= A-2B -2 3 2 6
2
-1 2 -8 1 6 3
-4 6 3 -5 3B=2¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
=;2!;¦ ¥-2¦ ¥ -2 3 2 6 -6 0
0 8 1 -1
2 1
-8 13 B=¦ ¥
=¦ ¥ -2 0
-2 6
-1 2 2 1 1 3
1 A+B=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3(A-2B)- (5A-8B) -2 3 -2 0 -4 3
2
(-8)+13+(-2)+6=9 a=1 b=3 c=-4 d=3
ad-bc=1_3-3_(-4)=15

775

IV
40
A 30 %

2(A-2X)+8B=6(2B-X) B 30 %

2A-4X+8B=12B-6X A+B 30 %

2X=-2A+4B ad-bc 10 %

X=-A+2B
5 4 3 -3 1 -10
=-¦ ¥+2¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3 2 2 -1 1 -4
X 778
1_(-10)_1_(-4)=40
x2-ax+b2=0
yy TIP
2
a+b=a ab=b
776 2
a 2 b 2 7 6
a¦ ¥+b ¦ ¥=¦ ¥
xA+yB=C b 0 a 0 2ab 0
0 1 0 k 0 -7 a2+b2 2(a+b) 7 6
x¦ ¥+y¦ ¥=¦ ¥ ¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-3 4 -4 1 6 5 2ab 0 2ab 0
0 x+ky 0 -7
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-3x-4y 4x+y 6 5 a2+b2=7 2(a+b)=6
2(a+b)=6 a+b=3 a=3
x+ky=-7 yy a2+b2=7 (a+b)2-2ab=7
-3x-4y=6 yy 32-2ab=7 ab=1
4x+y=5 yy b2=1 b=1 ( b>0)
x=2 y=-3 a+b=3+1=4

155

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 155 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 TIP
782 13

x ax2+bx+c=0 a b aij=i-j+1
b c aÁÁ=1-1+1=1 aÁª=1-2+1=0
a+b=- ab=
a a aªÁ=2-1+1=2 aªª=2-2+1=1
1 0
A=¦ ¥
2 1
bij=i+j+1
779 4
bÁÁ=1+1+1=3 bÁª=1+2+1=4
i-3j (i+j) bªÁ=2+1+1=4 bªª=2+2+1=5
aij=à
i+j (i=j) 3 4
B=¦ ¥
aÁÁ=1+1=2 aÁª=1-3_2=-5 4 5
aªÁ=2-3_1=-1 aªª=2+2=4 1 0 3 4 3 4
AB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 -5 2 1 4 5 10 13
A=¦ ¥
-1 4 AB (2 2) 13
2
cij=i -j
cÁÁ=12-1=0 cÁª=12-2=-1
cªÁ=22-1=3 cªª=22-2=2 783
0 -1
B-2A=¦ ¥ 1 0 1 0 1 0
3 2 A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3 1 3 1 6 1
2 -5 0 -1 4 -11
B=2A+(B-2A)=2¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 1 0 1 0 1 0
-1 4 3 2 1 10 A3=A2A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
6 1 3 1 9 1
B 4+(-11)+1+10=4
1 0 1 0 1 0
A4=A3A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
9 1 3 1 12 1

780 6
An=¦
1 0
¥
1 0 1 0 1 0 3n 1
A2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ Sn=1+0+3n+1=3n+2 Sn>150
0 2 0 2 0 22
1 0 1 0 1 0 148
3n+2>150 3n>148 n> =49 333y
A3=A2A=¦ 2
¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 3
0 2 0 2 0 23
n 50
4
1 0
3
1 0 1 0
A =A A=¦ 3
¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
0 2 0 2 0 24

1 0
784
An=¦ ¥
0 2n a b e f ae+bg a f+bh
AB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
An 65 c d g h ce+dg c f+dh
1+0+0+2n=65
2n=64 n=6 a f+bh( ) yy

ce+dg( ) yy
781 13 AB (1 2)
AB (2 1)
5 -2 a 1 3 -2
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥ AB (1 2)
4 a b -3 4 a
(2 1)
5a-2b -2+3a
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
4a+ab 6+4a

5a-2b=-2+3a 2a-2b=-2 a-b=-1

785
4a+ab=6+4a ab=6 3 -1
A+2B=¦ ¥ yy
2 2
a +b =(a-b) +2ab 2 1 6
=(-1)2+2_6 -5 7
A-2B=¦ ¥ yy
=13 1 -6

156

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 156 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 -2 6
2A=¦
2 0
¥ 788 2

-1 3 (A-B)2=A2-AB-BA+B2
A=¦ ¥ yy
1 0 AB+BA=A2+B2-(A-B)2
3 5 1 0 1 0
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥¦ ¥
3 -1 -1 3 4 -4 2 1 3 -2 3 -2
2B=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 6 1 0 0 6 3 5 1 0
2 2 2 2
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥
A -4B =A -(2B) 2 1 -3 4
-1 3 -1 3 4 -4 4 -4 2 5
=¦ ¥¦ ¥-¦ ¥¦ ¥ =¦ ¥
1 0 1 0 0 6 0 6 5 -3
4 -3 16 -40 -12 37 AB+BA 2
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-1 3 0 36 -1 -33 5+(-3)=2
2 2
A -4B (1 2) 37

789 18

786 -96
A(2B+3C)-5AC=2AB+3AC-5AC
1 -3 1 -3 -2 6 =2AB-2AC
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ =2A(B-C) yy
1 -3 1 -3 -2 6
1 -3 2 1
=-2¦ ¥=-2A ;3!;(B-C)=¦ ¥
1 -3 -1 0
A3=A2A=(-2A)A=-2A2=-2(-2A)=4A 2 1 6 3
B-C=3¦ ¥=¦ ¥
4 2 2
A =(A ) =(-2A) =4A =4(-2A)=-8A 2 2 -1 0 -3 0

An=(-2)n-1A A(2B+3C)-5AC=2A(B-C)
6 7 8
A +A +A =(-2) A+(-2) A+(-2) A 5 6 7 -1 0 6 3
=2¦ ¥¦ ¥
=-32A+64A-128A 3 1 -3 0
=-96A -6 -3
=2¦ ¥
k=-96 15 9
-12 -6
=¦ ¥
30 18

IV
787 A(2B+3C)-5AC 30
-12 30+(-12)=18
x y 2 x 1 40 4 10
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥+¦ ¥
1 1 -1 y 4 x -3 y

¦
2x-y x +y 2 2

¥=¦
5 50
¥ 790 4
1 x+y 1 x+y
(A+B)2=A2+AB+BA+B2
AB+BA=(A+B)2-(A2+B2)
2x-y=5 y=2x-5 yy
1 0 1 0 0 0
x2+y2=50 yy =¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 4 0 4 2 0
x2+(2x-5)2=50
(A-B)2=A2+B2-(AB+BA)
5x -20x-25=0 x2-4x-5=0
2

1 0 0 0
(x+1)(x-5)=0 x=-1 x=5 =¦ ¥-¦ ¥
0 4 2 0
y=2x-5
1 0
x=-1 y=2x-5=2_(-1)-5=-7 =¦ ¥
-2 4
x=5 y=2x-5=2_5-5=5
(A-B)2 4
xy (-1)_(-7)=7 5_5=25
xy 7

791 2

x y 25 %
(A-2B)2=A2-2AB-2BA+4B2
x 40 % (A-2B)2=A2-4AB+4B2
y 20 % -2AB-2BA=-4AB
xy 15 % 2AB-2BA=0 AB=BA

157

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 2 -2 x y x y 2 -2
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥
3 -1 -3 4 -3 4 3 -1 2 1 0 -1 2 2
A-B=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2x+6 2y-8 2x+3y -2x-y 0 -3 1 2 -1 -5
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3x+3 3y-4 6 2 2 1 0 -1 2 -1
A+2B=¦ ¥+2¦ ¥=¦ ¥
0 -3 1 2 2 1
3x+3=6 3x=3 x=1
3y-4=2 3y=6 y=2 A2+2AB-BA-2B2=(A-B)(A+2B)
x=1 y=2 2x+6=2x+3y 2y-8=-2x-y 2 2 2 -1
=¦ ¥¦ ¥
xy=1_2=2 -1 -5 2 1
8 0
=¦ ¥
-12 -4
792 (1 1) 8 (2 2) -4
8+(-4)=4
(A-B)(A+B)=A2+AB-BA-B2
AB-BA=(A-B)(A+B)-(A2-B2)
4 3 3 4
=¦
0 0
¥-¦
1 1
¥
795
1 -1 (A+B)2=(A2+B2)+(AB+BA)
=¦ ¥
-1 -1
;2!; 0 ;2!; 0 1 0
(A+B)(A-B)=A2-AB+BA-B2 =»` ¼+»` ¼=¦ ¥
2 2
=(A -B )-(AB-BA) -;2!; 5 ;2%; -4 2 1
3 4 1 -1 1 0 2
1 0 1 0 1 0
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥ ¦ ¥ =¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 1 -1 -1 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 1
2 5 1 0 3
1 0 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
=¦ ¥ ¦ ¥ =¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 1 2 1 6 1
(A+B)(A-B)
2+5+2+2=11 1 0 n
1 0
¦ ¥ =¦ ¥
2 1 2n 1
1 0 33
1 0
793 12 (A+B)66={(A+B)2}33=¦
2 1
¥ =¦
66 1
¥

(A+B)C+A(B-C)-(A-C)B (A+B)66
=AC+BC+AB-AC-AB+CB 1+0+66+1=68
=BC+CB yy

BC=¦
1 3
¥¦
0 -1
¥=¦
3 5
¥
796 12
-1 0 1 2 0 1
(A-3B)(A+3B)=A2+3AB-3BA-9B2
0 -1 1 3 1 0
CB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ (A-3B)(A+3B)=A2-9B2
1 2 -1 0 -1 3
3AB-3BA=O AB=BA
x 5 -2 -5 -2 -5 x 5
(A+B)C+A(B-C)-(A-C)B ¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥
2x -2 y 3 y 3 2x -2
=BC+CB
-2x+5y -5x+15 -12x 0
3 5 1 0 ¦ ¥=¦ ¥
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥ -4x-2y -10x-6 xy+6x 5y-6
0 1 -1 3
4 5
=¦ ¥ -2x+5y=-12x yy
-1 4
-5x+15=0 -5x=-15
x=3 yy
4+5+(-1)+4=12
-6+5y=-36
5y=-30 y=-6
x=3 y=-6 -4x-2y=xy+6x -10x-6=5y-6
794 4

A2+2AB-BA-2B2=A(A+2B)-B(A+2B) A-B (2 1)
=(A-B)(A+2B) yy 2x-y=2_3-(-6)=12

158

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 797 800
(A+B)2=A2+AB+BA+B2 p r
2 2 2
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A
(A+B) =A +2AB+B q s
AB+BA=2AB AB=BA p r
A2 ¦ ¥=A¦ ¥
1 2 y 3 y 3 1 2 q s
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥
2 -3x 3 4 3 4 2 -3x r 1 0 p p
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
y+6 11 y+6 2y-9x s 0 3 q 3q
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2y-9x 6-12x 11 6-12x p-r p r r p -p+r
A¦ ¥=A¦ ¥-A¦ ¥=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
q-s q s s 3q -3q+s
2y-9x=11
9 11
(x y) y= x+
2 2 801 4

9 11
x=3 y= _3+ =19 1 2 1
2 2 a b a¦ ¥+b¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 -1 7
(3 19)
a+2b=1 2a-b=7
k=19
a=3 b=-1
1 1 2
¦ ¥=3¦ ¥-¦ ¥
798 7 2 -1
A
(A+2B)(A-B)=A2-AB+2BA-2B2
1 1 2
(A+2B)(A-B)=A2+AB-2B2 A¦ ¥=Aà3¦ ¥-¦ ¥¡
7 2 -1
-AB+2BA=AB -2AB+2BA=O
1 2
AB=BA =3A¦ ¥-A¦ ¥
2 -1
6x 1 y2 1 y2 1 6x 1
¦ ¥¦2
¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥ 3 2 7
1 x 1 7 1 7 1 x2 =3¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 6 -3
6xy2+1 6x+7 6xy2+1 x2+y2
¦ ¥=¦ ¥ p=7 q=-3 p+q=7+(-3)=4
x2+y2 1+7x2 6x+7 1+7x2

x2+y2=6x+7 x2-6x+y2=7
802

IV
(x-3)2+y2=16
x y 1 -1 1 -1 -2 1
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
(x-3)2=16 y2=0 (x-3)2=0 y2=16 3 -2 3 -2 -3 1
2
Ú (x-3) =16 y =0 2
x-3=Ñ4 y=0 -2 1 1 -1 1 0
A3=A2A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=E
Û (x-3)2=0 y2=16 x-3=0 y=Ñ4 -3 1 3 -2 0 1
(x y) (7 0) (-1 0) (3 4) (3 -4) 1 -1
A1021=(A3)340A=EA=A=¦ ¥
4 3 -2

AB=BA 20 % 803
x y 40 %
1 2 1
2 -1 0
(x y) 40 % A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
-1 -1 -1 -1 0 -1
A4=(A2)2=(-E)2=E
A80+A81+A82=(A4)20+(A4)20A+(A4)20A2
799 =E+A+A2
3a 4 =E+A-E=A
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ yy
b -1
3a 2
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ yy
5b 1
6a 6 a 6 804 96
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 6A¦ ¥=¦ ¥
6b 0 b 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
a 1 2 1 2 1 0 -1
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 4 2
b 0 A =(-E) =E

159

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 159 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13

 An=E n=4k (k )
4_24=96 4_25=100 n
808
96 (A-2E)(A+2E)=E A2-4E=E
A2=5E yy

805 16
A2=AA=¦
x -2 x -2
¥¦ ¥=¦
x2-4 -2x+2y
¥
2 -y 2 -y 2x-2y -4+y2
(A+E)(A2-A+E)=A3+E3
=A3+E yy
x2-4 -2x+2y 5 0
¦ 2
¥=¦ ¥
2x-2y -4+y 0 5
1 -4 1 -4 -7 0
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-7E
2 -1 2 -1 0 -7
x2-4=5 x2=9 x=Ñ3
3 2
1 -4 -7 28
A =A A=(-7E)A=-7A=-7¦ ¥=¦ ¥ -2x+2y=0 2x-2y=0 y=x
2 -1 -14 7 2 2
-4+y =5 y =9 y=Ñ3
y=x x y x+y
(A+E)(A2-A+E)=A3+E
x=-3 y=-3
-7 28 1 0
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥ x+y (-3)+(-3)=-6
-14 7 0 1
-6 28
=¦ ¥
-14 8 (A-2E)(A+2E)=E 20 %
A2 20 %
(-6)+28+(-14)+8=16 x y 50 %
x+y 10 %

806 128

A2=AA=¦
-1 3 -1
¥¦
3
¥=¦
-2 -6
¥
809
-1 -1 -1 -1 2 -2 A+B=O B=-A
-2 -6 3 -1
8 0 AB=2E -A2=2E
A3=A2A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=8E
2 -2 -1 -1 0 8 2
A =-2E
A6=(A3)2=(8E)2=64E A+B=O A=-B
1 1 1 64 1 0 AB=2E -B2=2E
A6 ¦ ¥=64E¦ ¥=64¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 1 0 1 1 64 2
B =-2E
a=64 b=64 A4+B4=(A2)2+(B2)2
a+b=64+64=128 =(-2E)2+(-2E)2
=4E+4E
=8E
807 -12
8 0
=¦ ¥
2 2
A B-AB =A(AB-B ) 2 0 8
=A(A-B)B yy a=8 b=0 c=0 d=8
a+b+c+d=8+0+0+8=16
1 -1 -2 -1
A-B=¦ ¥-¦ ¥
2 3 2 0
3 0 810
=¦ ¥=3E
0 3 A-B=E A
2
A -AB=A
2 2
A B-AB =A(A-B)B A2=A ( AB=O)
=A(3E)B=3AB A =(A2)4=A4=(A2)2=A2=A
8

1 -1 -2 -1 A-B=E B
=3¦ ¥¦ ¥ 2
2 3 2 0 AB-B =B
-4 -1 -12 -3 B2=-B ( AB=O)
=3¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 -2 6 -6 B =(B ) =(-B)4=B4=(B2)2=(-B)2=B2=-B
8 2 4

2 2
A B-AB -12 A8-B8=A-(-B)=A+B

160

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 a b c d a-c b-d
811 7 (a b)-(c d)=¦
b a
¥-¦
d c
¥=¦
b-d a-c
¥

A+B=3E A a-c b-d

2 2 (a-c) (b-d)=¦ ¥
A +AB=3A A +E=3A b-d a-c
A2=3A-E (a b)-(c d)=(a-c) (b-d) ( )
A+B=3E B
AB+B2=3B E+B2=3B
B2=3B-E
A2+B2=(3A-E)+(3B-E) 814
=3(A+B)-2E A5=A3A2 E=A3E
=3_3E-2E A3=E
=7E A =A2A
3
E=EA
k=7 A=E ( )
2 2 1 1
A=¦ ¥ B=¦ ¥
1 1 2 2
A+B=3E B=3E-A yy
2 2 1 1 1 1
AB=E A-B=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 1 2 2 -1 -1
A(3E-A)=E 3A-A2=E
1 1 1 1 0 0
A2=3A-E (A-B)2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-1 -1 -1 -1 0 0
B2=3B-E
A+B ( )
A2+B2=(3A-E)+(3B-E)
2
A=3B
=3(A+B)-2E
AB=(3B2)B=3B3 BA=B(3B2)=3B3
=3_3E-2E=7E
AB=BA ( )
k=7

812 5 815
(A2+A+E)(A2-A+E)=A4+A2+E yy AB+BA=O BA=-AB
A2B=A(AB)=A(-BA)=(-AB)A=BAA
=BA2 ( )

IV
1 2 1 2 -1 2+2a
A4=A2A2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-1 a -1 a -1-a -2+a 2 (A+B)2=A2+AB+BA+B2
=A2+AB-AB+B2
(A2+A+E)(A2-A+E) =A2+B2 ( )
=A4+A2+E (A+B)(A-B)=A2-AB+BA-B2
-1 2+2a 1 2 1 0 =A2-AB-AB-B2
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥+¦ ¥
-1-a -2+a 2
-1 a 0 1 =A2-2AB-B2 ( )
1 2a+4
=¦ ¥
-a-2 a2+a-1

1+(2a+4)+(-a-2)+(a2+a-1)=a2+2a+2=37
816
a2+2a-35=0 (a+7)(a-5)=0 A B=AB+BA B A=BA+AB
a=5 ( a>0) A B=B A ( )
kA kB=(kA)(kB)+(kB)(kA)
=k2AB+k2BA
=k2(AB+BA)=k2(A B)
813 kA kB+k(A B) ( )
a b b a (A B) C=(AB+BA) C
a b=¦ ¥ b a=¦ ¥
b a a b =(AB+BA)C+C(AB+BA)
a b+b a ( ) =ABC+BAC+CAB+CBA
a b ka kb ka kb A (B C)=A (BC+CB)
k(a b)=k¦ ¥=¦ ¥ ka kb=¦ ¥
b a kb ka kb ka =A(BC+CB)+(BC+CB)A
k(a b)=ka kb ( ) =ABC+ACB+BCA+CBA

161

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 (A B) C+A (B C) ( )
820
aij=(i 2+1)(j 2-k)
aÁÁ=(12+1)(12-k)=2(1-k)
817 5
aÁª=(12+1)(22-k)=2(4-k)
-1 3 -1 3 -5 9 a13=(12+1)(32-k)=2(9-k)
2
B =¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ aªÁ=(22+1)(12-k)=5(1-k)
-2 4 -2 4 -6 10
-5 9 x 0 -5-x 9 aªª=(22+1)(22-k)=5(4-k)
2
B -xE=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥ a23=(22+1)(32-k)=5(9-k)
-6 10 0 x -6 10-x
f(B2-xE)=0 A 14
(-5-x)(10-x)+54=0 7(1-k)+7(4-k)+7(9-k)=14
x2-5x+4=0 (x-1)(x-4)=0 7(14-3k)=14 14-3k=2
x=1 x=4 k=4
1+4=5

818 821
aij=pi+qj
A+B=O B=-A
aÁÁ=p+q aÁª=p+2q aªÁ=2p+q aªª=2p+2q
AB=A(-A)=-A2 BA=(-A)A=-A2
p+q p+2q
AB=BA ( ) A=¦ ¥
2p+q 2p+2q
AB=A A ABA=A2
2i (i+j )
AB=A ( 2
BA=B) bij=à
3i-j (i+j )
A=A2 ( AB=A)
bÁÁ=2 bÁª=3_1-2=1 bªÁ=3_2-1=5 bªª=22=4
B2=B
2 1
A2+B2=A+B ( ) B=¦ ¥
5 4
0 1 0 0
A=¦ ¥ B=¦ ¥ A=B
0 0 1 0
p+q=2 p+2q=1
2
0 1 0 0 0 1
A =¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
0 0 0 0 0 0
p=3 q=-1 2p+q=5 2p+2q=4
0 0 0 0 0 0
B =¦2
¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ p +q =3 +(-1)2=10
2 2 2

1 0 1 0 0 0
A2-B2=O A+B A+-B ( )

822 52

S(a b) (i j) sij (i j=1 2)

819 -3
s11=k
s12=k+1 s21=k+10 s22=k+11
a+5=4 a=-1 S(a b)
3=3b b=1 k+(k+1)+(k+10)+(k+11)=4k+22
2c2=3b+5c yy S(a b)
2
c +ac=6 yy 282
Ú a=-1 4k+22=282 4k=260 k=65
2 2
c -c=6 c -c-6=0 a=4 b=6
(c-3)(c+2)=0 a2+b2=42+62=52
c=-2 c=3
Û b=1
2c2=3+5c 2c2-5c-3=0
(2c+1)(c-3)=0
823 6

1
c=- c=3
2 x2+y2+z2=xy+yz+zx yy
Ú Û c=3 xyz=-8 yy
abc=(-1)_1_3=-3 x2+y2+z2-xy-yz-zx=0

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 1
2
(2x2+2y2+2z2-2xy-2yz-2zx)=0 825
1 3(2A+B)-5(A-C+B)
{(x2-2xy+y2)+(y2-2yz+z2)+(z2-2zx+x2)}=0
2
=6A+3B-5A+5C-5B
1
{(x-y)2+(y-z)2+(z-x)2}=0 =A-2B+5C
2
x y z x-y=0 y-z=0 z-x=0 -2 4 -1 3 1 0
=¦ ¥-2¦ ¥+5¦ ¥
x=y=z 0 -1 3 -2 -1 1
xyz=-8 x=y=z 5 -2
=¦ ¥
x3=-8 x=-2 -11 8
x=y=z=-2 3(2A+B)-5(A-C+B) 8
x-3y-z=(-2)-3_(-2)-(-2)=6 -11 8-(-11)=19

826
0 1
824 ¦
1 2
¥ xA+yB=C
a 3 b 6 8 -3
y=x2-(2i+j)x+9 y=jx x¦ ¥+y¦ ¥=¦ ¥
b 4 a -3 -7 18
x2-(2i+j)x+9=jx x2-2(i+j)x+9=0
ax+by 3x+6y 8 -3
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
bx+ay 4x-3y -7 18
Ú i=1 j=1
x2-2_(1+1)x+9=0 x2-4x+9=0
ax+by=8 yy
D1
3x+6y=-3 yy
D1
=(-2)2-1_9=-5<0 bx+ay=-7 yy
4
0 4x-3y=18 yy
A (1 1) 0 x=3 y=-2
Û i=1 j=2 x=3 y=-2
2
x -2_(1+2)x+9=0 2
x -6x+9=0 3a-2b=8 -2a+3b=-7
D2 a=2 b=-1
D2 abxy=2_(-1)_3_(-2)=12
=(-3)2-1_9=0
4

IV
1
xA+yB=C 4 30 %
A (1 2) 1
x y 30 %
Ü i=2 j=1
a b 30 %
x2-2_(2+1)x+9=0 x2-6x+9=0
abxy 10 %
D3
D3
=(-3)2-1_9=0
4
1
827
A (2 1) 1 a b b c 7 2 -2 -1
¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥-¦ ¥
Ý i=2 j=2 3 c 1 a 2 -1 d -5
2
x -2_(2+2)x+9=0 2
x -8x+9=0 a+b b+c 9 3
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
D4 4 c+a 2-d 4
D4
=(-4)2-1_9=7>0
4 a+b=9 yy
2 b+c=3 yy
A (2 2) 2 4=2-d d=-2
0 1 c+a=4 yy
Ú Ý A=¦ ¥
1 2 + + 2(a+b+c)=16
a+b+c=8 yy
- c=-1
y=ax2+bx+c y=mx+n
- a=5
x ax2+(b-m)x+c-n=0
- b=4
ab+cd=5_4+(-1)_(-2)=22

163

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 4 7
828 21 -A+B=¦
5 8
¥ yy

X-5A=2(B-2A) 2 5
3A-B=¦ ¥ yy
X-5A=2B-4A 5 8
X=A+2B yy 6 12
2A=¦ ¥
6 9 10 16
2A+B=¦ ¥ yy
21 -11 3 6
A=¦ ¥ yy
1 -4 5 8
A-3B=¦ ¥ yy
0 -2
7 14 4 7 3 6 4 7 7 13
-2_ 7B=¦ ¥ B=A+¦ ¥=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥
21 -7 5 8 5 8 5 8 10 16
1 2 3 6 7 13 1 4
B=¦ ¥ yy 5A-2B=5¦ ¥-2¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3 -1 5 8 10 16 5 8
1 -4 5A-2B
A=3B+¦ ¥
0 -2 1_4_5_8=160
2 1
1 -4 4 2
A=3¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3 -1 0 -2 9 -5
4 2 1 2 6 6
X=A+2B=¦
9 -5
¥+2¦
3 -1
¥=¦
15 -7
¥ 831 2

X (1 2) 6 (2 1) 15 aij-aji=0 aij=aji
6+15=21 aÁª=aªÁ
aÁÁ=a aÁª=aªÁ=b aªª=c
a b
A=¦ ¥
829 64 b c
bij+bji=0 bij=-bji
x2 0 a 1 y2 xy 0 0
¦ ¥-3¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥ bÁÁ=-bÁÁ bªª=-bªª
x x3 2 b y y3 0 0
bÁÁ=0 bªª=0
x2 0 y2 xy a 1
¦ 3
¥+¦ 3
¥=3¦ ¥ bÁª=-bªÁ
x x y y 2 b
2 2 0 x
x +y xy 3a 3 bÁª=x B=¦ ¥
¦ ¥ =¦ ¥ -x 0
x+y x3+y 3
6 3b
6 19
3A-2B=¦ ¥
11 -3
x2+y2=3a xy=3 x+y=6 x3+y3=3b
a b 0 x 6 19
3a=x2+y2=(x+y)2-2xy=62-2_3=30 3¦ ¥-2¦ ¥=¦ ¥
b c -x 0 11 -3
a=10
3a 3b-2x 6 19
3b=x3+y3=(x+y)3-3xy(x+y)=63-3_3_6=162 ¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3b+2x 3c 11 -3
b=54
a+b=10+54=64
3a=6 a=2
3b-2x=19 yy
3b+2x=11 yy
830 160
3c=-3 c=-1
xij=i+3j b=5 x=-2
xÁÁ=1+3_1=4 xÁª=1+3_2=7 aªÁ+aªª+bÁª=b+c+x
xªÁ=2+3_1=5 xªª=2+3_2=8 =5+(-1)+(-2)=2
4 7
X=¦ ¥
5 8
yij=i 2+j 2
yÁÁ=12+12=2 yÁª=12+22=5 832
2 2 2 2
yªÁ=2 +1 =5 yªª=2 +2 =8 1 0 1 0 1 0
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 5 -1 1 -1 1 -2 1
Y=¦ ¥
5 8 1 0 1 0 1 0
A3=A2A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-A+B=X 3A-B=Y -2 1 -1 1 -3 1

164

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 1 0 1 0 1 0 2x-y+3=0 y=2x+3 yy
A4=A3A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 2 2
-3 1 -1 1 -4 1 2x +4xy-2y
2x2+4xy-2y2=2x2+4x(2x+3)-2(2x+3)2
1 0 =2x2-12x-18
An=¦ ¥
-n 1 =2(x-3)2-36
2 3 4 999 1000
A-A +A -A +y+A -A x=3 -36
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 a=3 b=-36
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥+¦ ¥-¦ ¥
-1 1 -2 1 -3 1 -4 1 a-b=3-(-36)=39
1 0 1 0
+y+¦ ¥-¦ ¥
-999 1 -1000 1
30 %
0 0
=¦ ¥ x 30 %
-1+2-3+4-y-999+1000 0
a b 30 %
0 0
=¦ ¥ a-b 10 %
500 0
(2 1) 500

836 21
833 20
A B 2 a" b"
5 0 5 0 52 0 52 0 a" 06 04 06 04 a
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=¦ ¥ ¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥¦ ¥
1 5 1 5 5+5 52 2_5 52 b" 09 02 09 02 b
52 0 5 0 53 0 0 72a+0 32b
A3=A2A=¦ 2
¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ =¦ ¥
2_5 5 1 5 3_5 53
2
0 72a+0 4b
3 4
5 0 5 0 5 0 a : b=2 : 3 a=2k b=3k (k )
A4=A3A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3_52 53 1 5 4_53 54 a"=0 72_2k+0 32_3k=2 4k
b"=0 72_2k+0 4_3k=2 64k
n
5n 0 a" : b"=2 4k : 2 64k=10 : 11
A =¦ ¥
n_5n-1 5n m+n=10+11=21
100
5100 0
A =¦ ¥

IV
100_599 5100
c 100_599
c=100_599 d=5100 = =20
d 5100
837
3 -6 3 -6
A2=¦ ¥¦ ¥
-1 2 -1 2
834 15 -30 3 -6
=¦ ¥=5¦ ¥
x1 y1 0 -5 10 -1 2
YXZ=;2!;(1 1)¦ ¥¦ ¥
x2 y2 1 =5A
0
=;2!;(x1+x2 y1+y2)¦ ¥
1 A3=A2A=(5A)A=5A2=5(5A)=52A
y +y A4=A2A2=(5A)(5A)=52A2=52(5A)=53A
= 1 2
2
YXZ An=5n-1A
9 3 -6
=5n-1 ¦ ¥
-1 2
3_5n-1 -6_5n-1
=¦ ¥
-5n-1 2_5n-1
835 M(n)=3_5n-1 m(n)=-6_5n-1
2 3
x x 3_5n-1-(-6_5n-1)>9000
(x y)¦ ¥¦ ¥=(2x+y 3x-2y)¦ ¥
1 -2 y y 9_5n-1>9000 5n-1>1000
=2x2+xy+3xy-2y2 54<1000 55>1000
=2x2+4xy-2y2 n 6

165

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 2 0 -1 3 -x
x
838 -2 A-B=¦
0 -3
¥-¦
1 -4
¥=¦
-1 1
¥

A2 A3 A4 y
2 3 0 1 3 2 A2-AB+BA-B2=(A+B)(A-B)
A2=A1P=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
4 5 1 0 5 4 1 x 3 -x
=¦ ¥¦ ¥
0 1 3 2 -5 -4 1 -7 -1 1
A3=-PA2=-¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 0 5 4 -3 -2 3-x 0
=¦ ¥
-5 -4 0 1 -4 -5 10 -x-7
A4=A3P=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-3 -2 1 0 -2 -3 (3-x)+0+10+(-x-7)=2
0 1 -4 -5 2 3 -2x+6=2 x=2
A5=-PA4=-¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=A1
1 0 -2 -3 4 5
A6=A5P=A1P=A2
841 2

n (A-B)(A-2B)=A2-2AB-BA+2B2
A4n-3=A1 A4n-2=A2 A4n-1=A3 A4n=A4 (A-B)(A-2B)=A2-3AB+2B2
-5 -4 -2AB-BA=-3AB AB-BA=O
A111=A28_4-1=A3=¦ ¥
-3 -2 AB=BA
A111 (2 2) -2 x2 -1 y 4 y 4 x2 -1
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥
-1 1 4 -y 4 -y -1 1
x2y-4 4x2+y x2y-4 -y+4
¦ ¥=¦ 2 ¥
839 -y+4 -4-y 4x +y -4-y
p q
B=¦ ¥ 4x2+y=-y+4 2y=-4x2+4
r s
1 0 y=-2x2+2
B¦ ¥=¦ ¥ (x y) y
-1 0
2R
p q 1 p-q 0
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=¦ ¥ PQR y=-2xÛ`+2
r s -1 r-s 0
1
_2_2=2
2
p-q=0 r-s=0 p=q r=s
p p -1 1
B=¦ ¥ P O Q x
r r
AB=2A
1 1 p p p+r p+r 1 1
AB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=2¦ ¥
a a r r a(p+r) a(p+r) a a 842
p+r=2 yy
(A+B)2=A2+AB+BA+B2
p p 1 1 p(1+a) p(1+a) p p
BA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=4¦ ¥ 1 -2 1 -2 -a 4a -3b b
r r a a r(1+a) r(1+a) r r ¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥+¦ ¥
3 0 3 0 -a 2a b -2b
1+a=4 a=3
-5 -2 -a-3b 4a+b
( 1+a+4 p=0 r=0 ) ¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3 -6 -a+b 2a-2b
1+p 1+p
A+B=¦ ¥ (1 2)
a+r a+r
-a-3b=-5 -a+b=3
(2 1)
a=-1 b=2
1+p+a+r=1+a+(p+r)=1+3+2=6
4a+b=-2 2a-2b=-6
1 -4 -6 2
A2+B2=¦ ¥ AB+BA=¦ ¥
1 -2 2 -4
840 (A-B)2=A2-AB-BA+B2
A2-AB+BA-B2=A(A-B)+B(A-B) =A2+B2-(AB+BA)
=(A+B)(A-B) yy 1 -4 -6 2
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥
1 -2 2 -4
2 0 -1 x 1 x 7 -6
A+B=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥ =¦ ¥
0 -3 1 -4 1 -7 -1 2

166

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 (A-B)2 (1 2) -6 (1 1) -16 (2 2) 24
(2 1) -1 (-16)+24=8
(-6)_(-1)=6

a b 40 %
845 0

(A-B)2 40 % x2-4x-2=0 a b
(A-B)2 (1 2) (2 1) 20 %
a+b=4 ab=-2
a+b ab
(A+B)2=» 1
843 -5
+
a b
1
a +b2
2
¼

(A-B)(A-2B)=A2-2AB-BA+2B2 a+b ab
2 2
(A-B)(A-2B)=A -3AB+2B =» a+b ¼
ab (a+b)2-2ab
-2AB-BA=-3AB AB-BA=O
AB=BA 4 -2
=¦ ¥
a b a b a b a b -2 20
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥ a 2 b 2
b a 3 4 3 4 b a AB+BA=¦ ¥¦ ¥
a2+3b ab+4b a2+b2 2ab 2 a 2 b
¦ 2
¥=¦ ¥ ab+4 2a+2b
ab+3a b +4a 3a+4b 4a+3b =¦ ¥
2a+2b 4+ab
a2+3b=a2+b2 yy 2 8
=¦ ¥
ab+4b=2ab yy 8 2
3b=b2 b+0 b=3 A2+B2=(A+B)2-(AB+BA)
4b=ab b+0 a=4 4 -2 2 8
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥
2
x -ax+b=0 a b -2 20 8 2
2 -10
=¦ ¥
a=a+b=4+3=7 -10 18
b=ab=4_3=12 A2+B2
a-b 7-12=-5 2+(-10)+(-10)+18=0

IV
844 846 -2

A2+2AB-3BA-6B2=A(A+2B)-3B(A+2B) -8 0
(A+3B)(A-5B)=¦ ¥
=(A-3B)(A+2B) yy 16 0
-8 0
A2-5AB+3BA-15B2=¦ ¥ yy
2 0 16 0
A+2B=¦ ¥ yy
-6 8 a b
A2-15B2=¦ ¥
6 4 c d
A-2B=¦ ¥ yy
2 4 a b -8 0 a+8 b
5AB-3BA=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 0 6 4 -4 -4 c d 16 0 c-16 d
- 4B=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-6 8 2 4 -8 4 A2-15B2 3
-1 -1 a+b+c+d=3
B=¦ ¥
-2 1 (A-3B)(A+5B)=A2+5AB-3BA-15B2
A-3B=(A-2B)-B =A2-15B2+(5AB-3BA)
6 4 -1 -1 7 5 a b a+8 b
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥ =¦ ¥+¦ ¥
2 4 -2 1 4 3 c d c-16 d
2a+8 2b
2 2 =¦ ¥
A +2AB-3BA-6B =(A-3B)(A+2B) 2c-16 2d
7 5 2 0 (A-3B)(A+5B)
=¦ ¥¦ ¥
4 3 -6 8 (2a+8)+2b+(2c-16)+2d
-16 40 =2(a+b+c+d)-8
=¦ ¥
-10 24 =2_3-8=-2

167

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 AB+BA=2AB -AB+BA=O
847 12
AB=BA
xA2+yB2+yBA+xAB AB=BA A2-B2=(A+B)(A-B)
=xA(A+B)+yB(B+A) 5 7
(A+B)(A-B)=¦ ¥ yy
=(xA+yB)(A+B) yy 7 12

1 0 0 0 x 0 a b a b-1 2a 2b-1
xA+yB=x¦ ¥+y¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A+B=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 1 -1 -2 x-y x-2y c d c-1 d-1 2c-1 2d-1
1 0 0 0 1 0 a b a b-1 0 1
A+B=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A-B=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 1 -1 -2 0 -1 c d c-1 d-1 1 1

xA2+yB2+yBA+xAB=(xA+yB)(A+B) 2a 2b-1 0 1 5 7
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
x 0 1 0 2c-1 2d-1 1 1 7 12
=¦ ¥¦ ¥
x-y x-2y 0 -1 2b-1 2a+2b-1 5 7
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
x 0 2d-1 2c+2d-2 7 12
=¦ ¥
x-y -x+2y
x 0 3 0 2b-1=5 2b=6 b=3
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
x-y -x+2y -1 z 2d-1=7 2d=8 d=4
2a+2b-1=7 2a+6-1=7 2a=2 a=1
x=3 2c+2d-2=12 2c+8-2=12 2c=6 c=3
x-y=-1 3-y=-1 y=4 A
z=-x+2y=-3+2_4=5 a+b+c+d=1+3+3+4=11
x+y+z=3+4+5=12

850 18

848 (A+B)(A-B)=A2-B2
A2=5A AB=BA
2 -3 2 -3 2 -3 (A+B)3=A3+B3+3AB(A+B)
¦ ¥¦ ¥=5¦ ¥
a b a b a b A +B3=(A+B)3-3AB(A+B)
3

4-3a -6-3b 10 -15

¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2a+ab -3a+b2 5a `5b 2 1 2 1 0 0
(A+B)2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-4 -2 -4 -2 0 0
4-3a=10 -3a=6 a=-2 0 0
(A+B)3=(A+B)2(A+B)=¦ ¥
-6-3b=-15 -3b=-9 b=3 0 0
a=-2 b=3 2a+ab=5a -3a+b2=5b A3+B3=(A+B)3-3AB(A+B)
(A+B)(A-B)=A2-AB+BA-B2 =O-3(2E)(A+B)
(A+B)(A-B)=A -B 2 2 =-6(A+B)
-AB+BA=O AB=BA 2 1 -12 -6
=-6¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 -3 x 3 x 3 2 -3 -4 -2 24 12
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥
-2 3 y 3 y 3 -2 3 A3+B3
2x-3y -3 2x-6 -3x+9 (-12)+(-6)+24+12=18
¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-2x+3y 3 2y-6 -3y+9
0 3
-3x+9=-3 -3x=-12 x=4
851 ¦
0 0
¥

-3y+9=3 -3y=-6 y=2 0 1

AB-BA=¦ ¥ A
x=4 y=2 2x-3y=2x-6 -2x+3y=2y-6 0 0
a+b+x+y=(-2)+3+4+2=7 0 1
A2B-ABA=A¦ ¥ yy
0 0
0 1
849 AB-BA=¦
0 0
¥ A

(A+B)2=A2+AB+BA+B2 0 1
2 2 2
ABA-BA2=¦ ¥A yy
(A+B) =A +2AB+B 0 0

168

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 0 1 0 1
855 30
A2B-BA2=A¦ ¥+¦ ¥A
0 0 0 0 2 a b 2 2a+3b 3
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-5 3 0 1 0 1 -5 3 3 c d 3 2c+3d 4
=¦ ¥¦ ¥+¦ ¥¦ ¥
0 8 0 0 0 0 0 8
0 -5 0 8 0 3 2a+3b=3 yy
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥
0 0 0 0 0 0 2c+3d=4 yy
2 2 3 a b
3a+4b 3
5
A2 ¦ ¥=AA¦ ¥=A¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3 3 4 c d 4 3c+4d 7
6
852 ¦
-9
¥
3a+4b=5 yy
c 2a+(-2a+c) 3c+4d=7 yy
A¦ ¥=A¦ ¥
-3d -2b+(2b-3d) a=3 b=-1
a -2a+c c=5 d=-2
=2A¦ ¥+A¦ ¥
-b 2b-3d abcd=3_(-1)_5_(-2)=30
3 0 6
=2¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-5 1 -9

856 19

853 1 1
A2 ¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A
2 2
2 4 2 4 0 4
A2 ¦ ¥=¦ ¥ AA¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 1 1
5 -1 5 -1 2 -1 A3 ¦ ¥=A¦ ¥
2 2
a b
1 3 1 3
0 4 -12 A3 ¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A¦ ¥=¦ ¥
a¦ ¥+b¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 2 2 2 2
2 -1 5
A
4b=-12 2a-b=5
1 3
a=1 b=-3 A2 ¦ ¥=A¦ ¥
2 2
0 4 -12
¦ ¥-3¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 1 1 3 1
2 -1 5 A2 ¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 2 2 2

IV
2 0 -12 2 -12
A¦ ¥-3A ¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 1 3 -1
5 2 5 -1 5 a b a¦ ¥+b¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 2 6
x=2 y=-1 x-y=2-(-1)=3
a+3b=-1 2a+2b=6
a=5 b=-2
1 3 -1
854 45 5¦ ¥-2¦ ¥=¦
2 2 6
¥

A2-2A+E=O A
2
A =2A-E yy 1 3 -1
5A¦ ¥-2A¦ ¥=A¦ ¥
1 3 2 2 6
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 5 -1 3 1 13
A¦ ¥=5¦ ¥-2¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 3 6 2 2 6
A A2 ¦ ¥=A¦ ¥
1 5 x=13 y=6 x+y=13+6=19

1 1
A2 ¦ ¥=(2A-E)¦ ¥
1 1
1 1 857 -2
=2A¦ ¥-E¦ ¥
1 1 0 2 -2
A¦ ¥=Aঠ¥+¦ ¥¡
3 1 5 8 -1 9
=2¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
5 1 9 2 -2
=A¦ ¥+A¦ ¥
3 5 3 -1 9
A¦ ¥=¦ ¥ A¦ ¥
5 9 5 -4 0 2
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=-2¦ ¥
5_9=45 2 0 -1

169

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 0 0 A55=(A2)27A=EA=A
A2 ¦ ¥=AA¦ ¥
8 8 0 1 0 1 1 0
B2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=E
2 1 0 1 0 0 1
=Aà-2¦ ¥¡
-1 B55=(B2)27B=EB=B
2 1 1 0 1 1 1
=-2A¦ ¥ AB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-1 0 -1 1 0 -1 0
-4 2 1 1 1 1 0 1
=-2¦ ¥=(-2)2 ¦ ¥ (AB)2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2 -1 -1 0 -1 0 -1 -1
10 1 1 -1 0
(AB)3=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
0 2 -1 -1 -1 0 0 -1
An ¦ ¥=(-2)n ¦ ¥
8 -1 (AB)55={(AB)3}18AB=(-E)18AB=AB
0 2 2 2201 (AB)55+B55A55=AB+BA
A200 ¦ ¥=(-2)200 ¦ ¥=2200 ¦ ¥=¦ 200¥
8 -1 -1 -2 1 1 0 1 1 1
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥¦ ¥
x=2201 y=-2200 -1 0 1 0 0 -1
x 2201 1 1 0 -1
= =-2 =¦ ¥+¦ ¥
y -2200 -1 0 1 1
1 0
=¦ ¥
0 1
858 5

3 7 3 7 2 7 1+0+0+1=2
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-1 -2 -1 -2 -1 -3
2 7 3 7 -1 0
A3=A2A=¦
-1 -3
¥¦
-1 -2
¥=¦
0 -1
¥=-E
861
(A-E)2=2A-3E
100 3 33 33
A =(A ) A=(-E) A=-EA=-A A2-2A+E=2A-3E
x x 5 A2=4A-4E=4(A-E)
A100 ¦ ¥=-A¦ ¥=¦ ¥
y y -1 (A-E)3=(A-E)2(A-E)
-3 -7 x 5 -3x-7y 5 =(2A-3E)(A-E)
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ ¦ ¥=¦ ¥
1 2 y -1 x+2y -1 =2A2-5A+3E
=2_4(A-E)-5A+3E
-3x-7y=5 x+2y=-1 =8A-8E-5A+3E
x=3 y=-2 =3A-5E
x-y=3-(-2)=5 m=3 n=-5
mn=3_(-5)=-15

859 32

A6+A7=-4A-4E 862 2

A12+A13=A6(A6+A7) a 1
A=¦ ¥
=A6(-4A-4E) 4 -1
=-4(A6+A7) a 1 a 1 a2+4 a-1
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
=-4(-4A-4E) 4 -1 4 -1 4a-4 5
=16A+16E (A+3E)(A-2E)
A 0 16A =A2+A-6E
0 a2+4 a-1 a 1 1 0
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥-6¦ ¥
A12+A13 16A+16E 4a-4 5 4 -1 0 1
16E a2+a-2 a
=¦ ¥
16(1+0+0+1)=32 4a -2
(A+3E)(A-2E)
12
860 2
(a2+a-2)+a+4a+(-2)=12
1 1 1 1 1 0 a2+6a-16=0 (a+8)(a-2)=0
A2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=E
0 -1 0 -1 0 1 a=2 ( a>0)

170

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 863 866
A2-2A+4E=O (A+2E) A+B=2E B=2E-A yy
2 2
(A+2E)(A -2A+4E)=O AB=A(2E-A)=2A-A
A3+(2E)3=O A3+8E=O BA=(2E-A)A=2A-A2
A3=-8E AB=BA
5
-8 0 BA=O
A15=(A3)5=(-8E)5=-85E=¦ ¥
0 -85 (2E-A)A=O 2A-A2=O A2=2A
A15 A3=A2A=2AA=2A2=22A
2_(-85)=2_(-215)=-216 A4=A3A=22AA=22A2=23A

An=2n-1A ( n )
A+B=2E A=2E-B yy
864 BA=O
2 -3 2 -3 1 -3 B(2E-B)=O 2B-B2=O B2=2B
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 3 2
B =B B=2BB=2B =2 B 2 2
1 -1 1 -1 1 -2
2 -3 1 -3
-1 0 B4=B3B=22BB=22B2=23B
3 2
A =A A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
1 -2 1 -1 0 -1
A4=A3A=-EA=-A Bn=2n-1B ( n )
5 3
A =A A =-EA =-A 2 2 2 AB=BA=O
6 3 2
A =(A ) =(-E) =E 2 A50+A49B+A48B2+y+AB49+B50
A+A2+A3+A4+A5+A6=A+A2-E-A-A2+E=O =249A+A48(AB)+A47(AB)B+y+(AB)B48+249B
1028=6_171+2 =249A+249B
A+A2+A3+y+A1028 =249(A+B)
=(A+A2+y+A6)+A6(A+A2+y+A6) =249(2E)
+y+A1020(A+A2+y+A6)+A1027+A1028 250 0
=250E=¦ ¥
=A 1027
+A 1028
=A+A 2 0 250
2 -3 1 -3 3 -6
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 250+250=2_250=251
1 -1 1 -2 2 -3

IV
3+(-6)+2+(-3)=-4
867 6

A+B=E A=E-B
A2 20 %
AB=(E-B)B=B-B2
A3 A4 A5 A6 30 %
BA=B(E-B)=B-B2
A+A2+A3+y+A1028 40 %
AB=BA
A+A2+A3+y+A1028 10 %
A +B3=(A+B)3-3AB(A+B)
3

=E-3AB ( A+B=E)
-5 9
A3+B3=¦ ¥
-3 4
865 80
1 0 -5 9 6 -9
3AB=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
3A+B=O A 0 1 -3 4 3 -3
3A2+AB=O 3A2+3E=O 6 -9 2 -3
AB=;3!;¦ ¥=¦ ¥
2
A =-E 3 -3 1 -1
3A+B=O B AB
2
3AB+B =O 3(3E)+B =O 2
2_(-3)_1_(-1)=6
2
B =-9E

A10+B4=(A2)5+(B2)2
868 15

=(-E)5+(-9E)2 A2-3A-5E=O A2=3A+5E

=-E+81E=80E 2-a -b 2 0 a b
B=¦ ¥=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=2E-A
k=80 -c 2-d 0 2 c d

171

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 B2=(2E-A)2
=4E-4A+A2
871
=4E-4A+(3A+5E) 0 0 1 0
A=¦ ¥ B=¦ ¥
=-A+9E 1 0 1 1
B3=B2B 0 0 1 0 0 0
AB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=A
=(-A+9E)(2E-A) 1 0 1 1 1 0
2
=A -11A+18E B+E ( )
=3A+5E-11A+18E (ABA)2=(ABA)(ABA)
=-8A+23E =ABA2BA
x=-8 y=23 =ABEBA
x+y=(-8)+23=15 =AB2A
=AEA
=A2=E ( )
869 A+E=(B+E)2
x3=1 x3-1=0 (x-1)(x2+x+1)=0 A+E=B2+2B+E
x x2+x+1=0 A=B2+2B
x3=1 x2+x+1=0 AB=(B2+2B)B=B3+2B2
A2=AA BA=B(B2+2B)=B3+2B2
x2 x x2 x AB=BA ( )
=¦ ¥¦ ¥
1 x+1 1 x+1
x4+x x3+x2+x
=¦ ¥
x +x+1 x2+3x+1
2

x+x x2+x+1
=¦
x2+x+1 (x2+x+1)+2x
¥ 872 2

2x 0 -1 2 -1 2
=¦ ¥=2xE f(A B)=¦ ¥ AB-BA=¦ ¥
0 2x -3 1 -3 1
18 2 9 9 9 9 9 3
A =(A ) =(2xE) =2 x E=2 E ( x =1) f(A+B A-B)
29 0 =(A+B)(A-B)-(A-B)(A+B)
=¦ ¥
0 29 =A2-AB+BA-B2-(A2+AB-BA-B2)
18
A =-2AB+2BA=-2(AB-BA)
9 9 9 10
2 +0+0+2 =2_2 =2 -1 2
=-2¦ ¥
-3 1
2 -4
870 0 =¦
6 -2
¥

AB=A A f(A+B A-B)

ABA=A2 yy 2+(-4)+6+(-2)=2
BA=B A
ABA=AB yy
A2=AB AB=A
A2=A 873
3 2 2
A =A A=AA=A =A ACO=(A-O)(A+O)=A2
4 3 2
A =A A=AA=A =A 0 0
A=¦ ¥ A2=O A+O ( )
1 0
An=A ( n ) ACB=AC(-B)
n
B =B ( n ) (A-B)(A+B)=(A+B)(A-B)
100 100
A +B =A+B A2+AB-BA-B2=A2-AB+BA-B2
4 x+13 1 2-x 2AB=2BA AB=BA
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥
y-5 2-z 4-y z-5 (AB) =A(BA)B=A(AB)B=A2B2 ( )
2

5 15 ACE=E (A-E)(A+E)=E
=¦ ¥
-1 -3 A2-E=E A2=2E
a=5 b=15 c=-1 d=-3 A6=(A2)3=(2E)3=23E=8E ( )
ad-bc=5_(-3)-15_(-1)=0

172

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 0 1 0 1 0 0
874 1 A2=¦
0 0
¥¦
0 0
¥=¦
0 0
¥

x 1 x x2-4 x+1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ B2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-4 1 -4 1 -4x-4 -3 1 0 1 0 0 0
f(A2)=(x2-4)_(-3)-(x+1)_(-4x-4) 0 1 0 0 1 0
AB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥+O ( )
=-3x2+12+4x2+8x+4 0 0 1 0 0 0
=x2+8x+16 A-2B=E A=2B+E
3x 3 AB=(2B+E)B=2B2+B
3A=¦ ¥
-12 3 BA=B(2B+E)=2B2+B
f(3A)=3x_3-3_(-12)=9x+36 AB=BA ( )
f(A2)= f(3A) A2+A-E=O B
2 2 2
x +8x+16=9x+36 x -x-20=0 A B+AB-B=O A(AB)+AB-B=O
(x+4)(x-5)=0 x=-4 x=5 AB=-E A(-E)-E-B=O
x (-4)+5=1 -A-E-B=O B=-A-E
2 2
B =(-A-E)
=A2+2A+E
875 =A2+A-E+(A+2E)
A-B=5E B=A-5E =O+(A+2E)
BA=4A =A+2E ( )
(A-5E)A=4A AÛ`-5A=4A
A2=9A ( )
BA=4A A=B+5E
B(B+5E)=4(B+5E)
B2+5B=4B+20E
878
B2+B=20E ( ) (A+B)2=(A-B)2
A=B+5E BA=4A B+O A2+AB+BA+B2=A2-AB-BA+B2
AB=(B+5E)B=B2+5B AB+BA=-AB-BA
BA=B(B+5E)=B +5B 2
AB+BA=O BA=-AB
AB=BA (AB) =ABAB=A(-AB)B=-A2B2 (
2
)yy
A2-B2=(A+B)(A-B) (AB)3=ABABAB

IV
=(A+B)_5E =A(-AB)BAB
=5(A+B) =-AAB(-AB)B
A2-B2+5(A-B) ( B+O) ( ) =(-1)_(-1)AABABB
=(-1)_(-1)AA(-AB)BB
=(-1)_(-1)2A3B3
=(-1)1+2A3B3
876 =-A3B3 ( )
A2-AB-BA+B2=O (A-B)2=O
3
(A-B) =(A-B) (A-B)=O ( ) 2
(AB)7=(-1)1+2+3+y+6A7B7
A2-A+E=O (A+E) =(-1)21A7B7
(A+E)(A2-A+E)=O A3+E=O =-A7B7 ( )
A3=-E
A6=(A3)2=(-E)2=E ( )
-1 0
A=¦ ¥=-E k=2 m=4 n=8 0 1 1 1
0 -1 A=¦ ¥ B=¦ ¥
2 4 8
2 0 -2 -1
A =A =A =E A+E ( )
-2 -1 2 1
AB=¦ ¥ BA=¦ ¥
2 2 -2 -2
BA=-AB
877 (AB)2=¦
2 0
¥ A2B2=¦
-2 0
¥
0 2 0 -2
0 1 0 0
A=¦ ¥ B=¦ ¥ (AB)2+A2B2
0 0 1 0

173

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 879 882
a b A-2C=X 3B-2C=Y
C=¦ ¥
c d A+3B-4C=X+Y
A=C+E B=C-E 1
(A-2C)2+(3B-2C)2- (A+3B-4C)2
2
AB=C -E BA=C -E 2 2
1
AB=BA =X2+Y2- (X+Y)2
2
4 7
A2-B2=¦ ¥ 1
=X2+Y2- (X2+XY+YX+Y2)
8 9 2
4 7 1
(A+B)(A-B)=¦ ¥ yy = (X2-XY-YX+Y2)
8 9 2
A+B=2C A-B=2E 1
= (X-Y)2 yy
2
4a 4b 4 7
4C=¦ ¥=¦ ¥
4c 4d 8 9
X-Y=A-2C-(3B-2C)=A-3B
4(a+b+c+d)=4+7+8+9=28
5 -3 3 -1 -4 0
a+b+c+d=7 =¦ ¥-3¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-8 5 -2 1 -2 2

(A-2C)2+(3B-2C)2-;2!;(A+3B-4C)2

880 =;2!;(X-Y)2=;2!;¦
-4 0
¥¦
-4 0
¥
-2 2 -2 2
RÁ Rª
16 0 8 0
RÁ =;2!;¦ ¥=¦ ¥
4 4 2 2
Sª

TÁ Tª 8+0+2+2=12
Ú RÁ TÁ Sª
TÁ

aÁÁ_aÁª SÁ Sª
Û RÁ Tª Sª 883
Tª
A+B=4E
aÁª_aªª
1 0 x 1 4-x -1
Ú Û RÁ Sª B=4E-A=4¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥
0 1 y z -y 4-z
aÁÁ_aÁª+aÁª_aªª
2 AB=-E
A (1 2)
x 1 4-x -1 -1 0
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
y z -y 4-z 0 -1
4x-x2-y -x+4-z -1 0
¦ 2
¥=¦ ¥
4y-xy-yz -y+4z-z 0 -1
881 6

3 3 4x-x2-y=-1
A+kB=¦ ¥ yy
2 4 x2-4x+y-1=0 yy
A+B=E yy -x+4-z=0
2 3 x+z=4 yy
- (k-1)B=¦ ¥
2 3 -y+4z-z2=-1
k-1+0 B+O z2-4z+y-1=0 yy
2 2
2 3 2 3 10 15 2 3 x -4x+z -4z+2y-2=0
(k-1)2B2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=5¦ ¥
2 3 2 3 10 15 2 3 x2+z2-4(x+z)+2y-2=0
=5(k-1)B
2
B =B (k-1)2B=5(k-1)B x2+z2-16+2y-2=0 x2+z2=-2y+18
(k-1)2=5(k-1) x2+y2+z2=y2-2y+18
k-1=5 ( k-1+0) =(y-1)2+17
k=6 y=1 x2+y2+z2 17

174

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 A2k+1+E
A B x y z 40 % n An=E a
2 2
x +y +z 2
y 40 % ( )
2 2 2
x +y +z 20 %

886 30
884 i=j aii=-aii
B=E-A 2aii=0 aii=0
AB=A(E-A)=A-A2=-E A
A2=A+E yy aÁª=x a13=y a23=z (x y z )
aªÁ=-aÁª=-x a31=-a13=-y a32=-a23=-z
B2=B+E yy 0 x y
2 2
A +B =A+E+B+E A=» -x 0 z¼
=(A+B)+2E -y -z 0
=3E ( ) A 18
An 2 2
x +y +(-x) +z +(-y) +(-z) =182 2 2 2

An+2=An+1+An yy 2(x2+y2+z2)=18
Bn x2+y2+z2=9 yy
n+2 n+1 n
B =B +B yy x2 y2 z2 (x2 y2 z2)
(1 4 4) (4 1 4) (4 4 1) (0 0 9) (0 9 0)
An+2+Bn+2=An+1+Bn+1+An+Bn ( ) (9 0 0) 6
Ú x2=1 y2=4 z2=4
A3+B3=A2+B2+A+B=3E+E=4E x=Ñ1 y=Ñ2 z=Ñ2
A4+B4=A3+B3+A2+B2=4E+3E=7E A
A5+B5=A4+B4+A3+B3=7E+4E=11E 2_2_2=8
Û x2=4 y2=1 z2=4
9 9 8 8 7 7
A +B =A +B +A +B =76E ( ) Ú A 8
2 2 2
Ü x =4 y =4 z =1
Ú A 8

IV
Ý x2=0 y2=0 z2=9
885 x=0 y=0 z=Ñ3
-3 -a -3 -a A
A2=¦ ¥¦ ¥
a 3 a 3 1_1_2=2
9-a2 0 Þ x2=0 y2=9 z2=0
=¦ ¥=(9-a2)E
2
0 9-a Ý A 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
A =O 9-a =0 a =9 ß x =9 y =0 z =0
a=Ñ3 ( ) Ý A 2
A4=(A2)2=(9-a2)2E=E Ú ß A 8_3+2_3=30
(9-a2)2=1 9-a2=Ñ1
2 2
a =8 a =10
a=-2'2 a=2'2 887 25

a=-'¶10 a='¶10 -1 2 -1 2 -1 0
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
A4=E a 4 -1 1 -1 1 0 -1
( ) A3=A2A=-EA=-A
2
n=1 A+E A4=(A2) =(-E)2=E
n=2k+1 ( k ) A4n+k=Ak ( n k )
2k+1 2 k 2 k 2 k
A =(A ) A={(9-a )E} A=(9-a ) A A+A +A3+A4=A-E-A+E=O
2

9-a2=0 A2k+1=O A2k+1+E

-3(9-a2)k -a(9-a2)k A+A2+A3+A4+y+A110
9-a2+0 A2k+1=¦ ¥
a(9-a2)k 3(9-a2)k =(A+A2+A3+A4)+A4(A+A2+A3+A4)
(1 1) (2 2) +y+A104(A+A2+A3+A4)+A109+A110

175

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 =O+A4_O+y+A104_O+(A4)27A+(A4)27A2 A2+E=O A2=-E
=EA+EA2=A+A2=A-E
-1 2 1 0 -2 2 a2-b2 2ab -1 0
=¦ ¥-¦ ¥=¦ ¥ ¦ 2
¥=¦
2
¥
-1 1 0 1 -1 0 -2ab a -b 0 -1

a a a a 8 a2-b2=-1 2ab=0
A¦ ¥+A2 ¦ ¥+A3 ¦ ¥+y+A110 ¦ ¥=A¦ ¥
b b b b 11 b=0 a2=-1 a
a -1 2 8
(A+A2+A3+y+A110)¦ ¥=¦ ¥¦ ¥
b -1 1 11 a=0 b=-1 a=0 b=1
-2 2 a 14 -2a+2b 14 A
¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ ¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-1 0 b 3 -a 3 0 -1 0 1
A=¦ ¥ A=¦ ¥ 2 ( )
1 0 -1 0
-2a+2b=14 -a=3 A2-A=O A2=A
2 2
a=-3 b=4 a -b 2ab a b
2 2 2 2
¦ 2
¥=¦
2
¥
a +b =(-3) +4 =25 -2ab a -b -b a

a2-b2=a 2ab=b
888 b=0 a2=a a=0 a=1
-1 1 -1 1 0 -1 1 1 1
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ b+0 a= a2-b2=a -b2=
2 4 2
-1 0 -1 0 1 -1
1
0 -1 -1 1 1 0 b2=- b
A3=A2A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=E 4
1 -1 -1 0 0 1
A
d(A)=3 ( )
0 0 1 0
1 1 1 n A=¦ ¥ A=¦ ¥ 2 ( )
A=¦ ¥ n n
A =¦ ¥ 0 0 0 1
0 1 0 1
An=E n
d(A)=0 A+O ( )
A+E A2=E
d(A)=2
d(B)=3 B+E B2+E B3=E
890
AB=BA (AB)n=AnBn A2+B=3E A
2
(AB) =A B =EB =B +E 2 2 2 2 A3+AB=3A yy
3
(AB)3=A3B3=A2AB3=EAE=A+E A +BA=3A yy
4 4 4
(AB) =A B =(A ) B B=E B=B+E 2 2 3 3 - AB-BA=O
5 5 5
(AB) =A B =(A ) AB B =E AEB =AB 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
yy AB=BA ( )
AB =E 2
B A2+B=3E A2=3E-B
4 2
AB3=B A=B A +B =7E
d(A)+d(B) (3E-B)2+B2=7E
(AB)5=AB2+E ( ) 9E-6B+B2+B2=7E
(AB)6=A6B6=(A2)3(B3)2=E3E2=E 2B2-6B+2E=O
d(AB)=6 ( ) B2-3B+E=O
B2=3B-E ( )
A6+B3=(3E-B)3+B3
=27E-27B+9B2-B3+B3
889 =27E-27B+9(3B-E)
=27E-27B+27B-9E
a b a b a2-b2 2ab
A2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥ yy =18E ( )
-b a -b a -2ab a2-b2
A2=O
a2-b2 2ab 0 0
¦ 2 2
¥=¦ ¥
-2ab a -b 0 0
891 -52

a2-b2=0 2ab=0 a=b=0 0 1

A=¦ ¥
A=O ( ) -1 0

176

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 0 1 0 1 -1 0 AB+BA=E BA=E-AB
A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E 2
-1 0 -1 0 0 -1 (AB) =ABAB
A4=(A2)2=(-E)2=E yy =A(E-AB)B
-2 1 =(A-A2B)B
B=¦ ¥
-5 2 =AB-A2B2
-2 1 -2 1 -1 0 =AB-O=AB
B2=BB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
-5 2 -5 2 0 -1 (AB) =(AB)2AB
3

B4=(B2)2=(-E)2=E yy =(AB)2=AB
4n 4n
n A =E B =E (AB) =(AB)3AB
4

=(AB)2=AB
4n-1 4n-1 5
C4n-1=B(A +B )A
4n-1
=(BA +B )A5 4n
(AB)50=AB ( )
=BA4n+4+B4nA5 (A+B)C=ABC
=BE+EA5=B+A AC+BC=ABC
-2 1 0 1 -2 2 A
=¦ ¥+¦ ¥=¦ ¥ 2 2
-5 2 -1 0 -6 2 A C+ABC=A BC
ABC=O ( A2=O)
-2 2 -26 26 (A+B)C=O
C3+C7+CÁÁ+y+C51=13¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-6 2 -78 26 A+B
2
(A+B) C=O EC=O
(-26)+26+(-78)+26=-52 C=O ( )

892 0 1
ABA-A =E 2 894 ¦
-1 0
¥

(AB-A)A=E A(BA-A)=E 0 -1 0 -1 -1 0
A2=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
(AB-A)A=E BA-A 1 0 1 0 0 -1
(AB-A)A(BA-A)=BA-A A3=A2A=-EA=-A
AB-A=BA-A AB=BA A4=(A2)2=(-E)2=E
2 2 2
(A+B) =A +2AB+B ( ) A4n+k=Ak (

IV
n k )
AB+B=A A B1=A
ABA+BA=A2 ABA-A2=-BA B2=A B1=A3=-A
2

2
ABA-A =E B3=B2A3=(-A)A3=-A4=-E
-BA=E BA=-E B4=A4B3=A4(-E)=-A4=-E
AB=BA=-E B5=B4A5=(-E)A5=-A5=-A
5 5 5 5
A B =(AB) =(-E) =-E ( ) B6=A6B5=A6(-A)=-A7=A
2
BA=-E ABA-A =E B7=B6A7=AA7=A8=E
2 2
-A-A =E A +A+E=O yy B8=A8B7=A8E=A8=E
A-E B9=B8A9=EA9=A9=A
2 3
(A-E)(A +A+E)=A -E=O B10=A10B9=A11=-A
3
A =E BÁÁ=B10A11=(-A)A11=-A12=-E
2
A =-A-E
(A-E)2=A2-2A+E B8n+k=Bk (n k )
=-A-E-2A+E=-3A 0 1
B1970=B246_8+2=B2=-A=¦ ¥
(A-E)60={(A-E)2}30=(-3A)30 -1 0
=330A30=330(A3)10=330E ( )

895 2

-1 3
893 A=¦
-1 2
¥

(A+B)2=A2+AB+BA+B2=O+E+O=E -1 3 -1 3 -2 3
3 2 A2=AA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
(A+B) =(A+B) (A+B)=E(A+B)=A+B ( ) -1 2 -1 2 -1 1

177

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 -2 3 -1 3 -1 0
A3=A2A=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
-1 1 -1 2 0 -1
-2 3
B=¦ ¥
-1 1
-2 3 -2 3 1 -3
B2=BB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥
-1 1 -1 1 1 -2
1 -3 -2 3 1 0
B3=B2B=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=E
1 -2 -1 1 0 1

-1 3 -2 3 -1 0
AB=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
-1 2 -1 1 0 -1
-2 3 -1 3 -1 0
BA=¦ ¥¦ ¥=¦ ¥=-E
-1 1 -1 2 0 -1
AB=BA
A-B=E
A100+A99B+A98B2+y+AB99+B100
=(A-B)(A100+A99B+A98B2+y+AB99+B100)
=A101-B101
(A3)33A2-(B3)33B2
=(-E)33A2-E33B2
=-A2-B2
-2 3 1 -3
=-¦ ¥-¦ ¥
-1 1 1 -2
1 0
=¦ ¥
0 1
2

178

해설(001-184)고쟁이_공통수학1OK.indb 178 2024. 5. 9. 오후 1:13