Dr.
Ahmed Alnasheri
Objectives
To add data sources to projects.
To use the IDE's drag-and-drop capabilities to display database tables in
applications.
To use the classes of namespaces:
System.Data, and
System.Data.SqlClient to manipulate databases.
To use ADO.NET's disconnected object model to store data from a
database in local memory.
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Basic Database Concepts
A database: is a collection of related data, organized into
entities called tables that are connected together by
relationships.
A Table: is a part of the database that contains related
information about a certain entity (Students, Teachers,
Faculties, etc.).
A table consists of fields that represent the needed information.
A certain data type should be specified for each field (e.g.
StudentName "string or varchar", CreditHours "Int", etc.)
Primary Key: A unique field, that shouldn't be repeated in any
record, and shouldn't be null. 3
Basic Database Concepts
Fig. 8.1 Retrieved Data from the Different DB
AuthorID ISBN AuthorID ISBN
1 0131869000 2 0131450913
1 0131525239 2 0131426443
1 0131483986 2 0131857576
1 0131857576 2 0131483986
1 0131426443 2 0131525239
1 0131450913 2 0131869000
1 0131828274 3 0131450913
2 0131828274 4 0131828274
4
Common Programming Error
• Not providing a value for every column in a primary key breaks
the Rule of Entity Integrity and causes the DBMS to report an
error (null).
• Providing the same value for the primary key in multiple rows
breaks the Rule of Entity Integrity and causes the DBMS to
report an error (duplicate).
• Providing a foreign-key value that does not appear as a primary-
key value in another table breaks the Rule of Referential
Integrity and causes the DBMS to report an error.
• In a SQL query, failure to qualify names for columns that have
the same name in two or more tables is an error. 5
ADO.NET Object Model
ADO.NET
Provides an API for accessing database systems programmatically
Replace Microsoft's ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) technology
System.Data is the root namespace for the ADO.NET API
Class DataTable
Represents a table of data
Contains a collection of DataRows and DataColumns
System.Data.DataSet
Consists of a set of DataTables and the relationships among them
Represents a cache of data
System.Data.OleDb
Contains classes that are designed to work with any data source
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ADO.NET Object Model
System.Data.SqlClient
Contains classes that are optimized to work with Microsoft SQL Server
databases
Class SqlConnection
Represents a connection to a data source
Keep tracks of the location of the data source and how it is accessed
Class SqlCommand
Represents a SQL command that a DBMS can execute on a database
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ADO.NET Object Model
ADO.NET’s Disconnected Model
DataSets that is disconnected does not need a persistent
connection to work with data
Connect to the data source to populate the DataSet, and
disconnects immediately afterwards
Access and manipulate the data stored in the DataSet
If necessary, reconnect to perform an update and then disconnect
Class SqlDataAdapter
Connects to a SQL data source
Executes SQL statements to both populate and update the a DataSet
Maintains a SqlConnection object that it opens and closes as needed to
perform these operations using SqlCommands
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Programming with ADO.NET
Extracting Information from a Database
The IDE provides visual programming tools and wizards that
simplify accessing data in your projects
These tools establish database connections and create the ADO.NET to
view and manipulate the data through GUI controls
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Programming with ADO.NET
Displaying a Database Table in a DataGridView
DataGridView component
Displays a data source in a GUI
Displays data organized in rows and columns
Connection string
Specifies the path to a database file
Determine how the database is accessed
Adding a data source causes the IDE to generate a class derived
from System.Data.DataSet
Designed specifically to store data from that data source
BindingNavigator component
Provides several ways for users to browse and manipulate data displayed
by another GUI control on a Form
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Programming with ADO.NET
Displaying a Database Table in a DataGridView
Step 1: Create the Project
Step 2: Add a Data Source to the Project
Step 3: Choose the Data Source Type to Add to the Project
Step 4: Add a New Database Connection
Step 5: Choose the Books.mdf or Books.mdb Data Connection
Step 6: Save the Connection String
Step 7: Select the Database Objects to Include in Your DataSet
Step 8: View the Data Source in the Data Sources Window
Step 9: View the Database in the Solution Explorer
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Create new windows application project
Data Sources window Data menu
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Create new windows application project
In choose data source type dialog box select Dataset then
click next
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Create new windows application project
In choose your data connection dialog box click on new
connection button
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Create new windows application project
Select any data source file option as a data source then click
on continue button
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Create new windows application project
In Add connection dialog box enter a name for the database
file ex: database1 then click on ok button
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Create new windows application project
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Create new windows application project
A massage box will appear to tell you that this is a new
database would you like to create it? Click on yes button
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Create new windows application project
Now a new database is created with a specific connection
string that will be used to connect the application to this
database.
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Create new windows application project
Click next
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Create new windows application project
Click on NO button
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Create new windows application project
Click on next
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Create new windows application project
Click on previous button
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Create new windows application project
Click on finish button
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Create new windows application project
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Create new windows application project
Open server explorer then click on database1.mdf then
right click on Tables and choose Add new Table option
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Create new windows application project
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Create new windows application project
Add new filed "name" to the table as following:
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Create new windows application project
To save changes on the table click on update then Click on
update database button
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Create new windows application project
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Create new windows application project
To change table name to "student"
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Create new windows application project
Update the database then close the table
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Create new windows application project
On data source window right click on database1Dataset then choose Configure
data source with wizard then choose tables
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Create new windows application project
Then choose table click finish
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Create new windows application project
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Create new windows application project
Drag and drop student table from data source window to the form
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Create new windows application project
Run the program
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Create new windows application project
Add new record then click save
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Create new windows application project
Run the program
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Create new windows application project
Remove the record then click save
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How Data Binding Works
Data Binding
Technique in which GUI controls are connected to data
sources
Changes made through the application to the underlying data source
will automatically be reflected in the data-bound control
Modifying the data in the data-bound control and saving the changes
updates the underlying data source
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How Data Binding Works
A TableAdapter is responsible for interacting with a
database on disk
Method Fill
Retrieves information from the database and places it in the
DataSet
BindingSource
Identifies a data source that a program can bind to a control
Serves as an intermediary between the data source and the
corresponding data-bound GUI control
Method EndEdit
Applies changes made to data through a GUI control to the data
source bound to that control
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Example 2
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Example 2
1- Create New Application WindowsFormsApplication9
2- Add Label, textbox, and Button
3- Add DataSource to yor project and Select CRM.mdb database.
4- Configere your DataSource and select the customer Table.
5- Drag The DataGridView to your Form.
5- View CRMDataSet.xsd as shown in this Figure.
6- Right Click on CustomersTableAdapter Add Query
Use sql statements select which return rows.
Then modify the SQL statement as shown bellow.
44
Example 2
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApplication9
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.customersTableAdapter.Fill(this.cRMDataSet.Customers, comboBox1.Text);
}
}
} 45
Homework 8
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The End
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