3/4/25, 10:23 AM Behavior - Merck Veterinary Manual
MERCK MANUAL
Veterinary Manual
Behavior Expand all Collapse all
Behavioral Medicine Introduction
Overview of Behavioral Medicine in Animals
• The Five Freedoms
Integrating Behavior Services Into Veterinary Practice
• Veterinarians and Animal Trainers
• Resources for Veterinary Practices
Glossary of Behavioral Terms for Veterinary Medicine
• Abnormal Behavior
• Abnormal Repetitive Behavior
• Aggression
• Anxiety
• Arousal
• Compulsive or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
• Conflict
• Displacement Behavior
• Dominance and Rank
• Fear
• Frustration
• Phobia
• Redirected Behavior
• Stereotypic Behaviors
• Vacuum Activity
• Diagnosis of Behavior Problems in Animals
• Prognosis of Behavior Problems in Animals
Treatment of Behavior Problems in Animals
• Management
Modification
• Behavior Modification Principles
• Medication
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3/4/25, 10:23 AM Behavior - Merck Veterinary Manual
• Key Points
• For More Information
Normal Social Behavior and Behavioral Problems of Domestic
Animals
• Social Behavior of Horses
Behavioral Problems of Horses
Aggression
• Aggression to People:
• Aggression Toward Other Horses:
• Maternal Aggression:
• Aggression While Breeding:
Stereotypic Behaviors
• Cribbing (Aerophagia, Windsucking):
• Wood Chewing (Lignophagia):
• Geophagia (Pica):
• Polydipsia:
• Stall Walking and Weaving:
• Stall Kicking:
• Pawing:
• Head Shaking:
• Self-mutilation:
Fear and Phobia
• Trailer-related Problems:
Sexual Behavioral Problems
• Silent Heat:
• Nymphomania:
• Psychic Estrus:
• Poor Libido:
• Stallion-like Behavior in Geldings:
Eating Disorders
• Coprophagia:
• Obesity:
• Anorexia:
• Foal Rejection
• Social Behavior of Cattle
Behavioral Problems of Cattle
Breeding-related Problems
• Silent Heat:
• Nymphomania:
• Masturbation:
• Poor Libido:
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3/4/25, 10:23 AM Behavior - Merck Veterinary Manual
• Buller Steer:
Aggression
• Aggression in Bulls:
• Kicking:
Nursing-related Behaviors
• Intersuckling:
• Cross-fostering:
Miscellaneous Behavior Problems
• Reluctance to Enter the Milking Parlor:
• Food Throwing:
• Tongue Rolling:
• Social Behavior of Swine
Behavioral Problems of Swine
Aggression
• Aggression Toward Other Pigs:
• Tail Biting:
• Cannibalism:
• Crushing Piglets:
Breeding-related Problems
• Poor Libido:
• Failure to Reproduce:
• Refusal to Nurse:
• Stereotypic Behaviors
• Social Behavior of Sheep
Behavioral Problems of Sheep
• Homosexuality:
• Lamb Stealing:
• Lamb Rejection:
• Cross-fostering:
• Stereotypic Behaviors:
• Social Behavior of Goats
Behavioral Problems of Goats
• Self-suckling:
• Stereotypic Behaviors:
• Social Behavior of Chickens
• Behavioral Problems of Chickens
Social Behavior of Dogs
• Canine Development
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3/4/25, 10:23 AM Behavior - Merck Veterinary Manual
• Counseling to Prevent Undesirable Behaviors
Behavioral Problems of Dogs
Fears and Phobias
• Separation Anxiety:
• Abnormal Repetitive
Behaviors Aggression
• Fear-related Aggression:
• Possessive Aggression (Resource Guarding):
• Play Aggression:
• Redirected Aggression:
• Irritable/Conflict/Impulse Control Aggression:
• Aggression Toward Other Dogs:
• Territorial/Protective Aggression:
• Predatory Aggression:
• Pain-induced and Medical Causes of Aggression:
• Maternal Aggression:
• Treatment of Fears, Phobias, Anxiety, and Aggression
• Hyperactivity
• Destructive Behaviors
• Eating Disorders
Elimination Behavioral Problems
• Housesoiling:
• Marking Behavior:
• Excitement, Submission, and Conflict-related Elimination:
• Other Elimination Disorders:
• Aging and Cognitive Dysfunction
• Social Behavior of Cats
Behavioral Problems of Cats
• Diagnosis and Treatment
Housesoiling
• Urine Marking (Spraying):
• Inappropriate Elimination:
Aggression
• Aggression Toward People:
• Aggression Toward Other Cats:
• Treatment:
• Feline Compulsive Disorders
• Hyperesthesia
• Fear
• Aging and Cognitive Dysfunction
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3/4/25, 10:23 AM Behavior - Merck Veterinary Manual
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