EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IoT UNIT 3
CS3691 Embedded Systems and Internet of
Things
IoT Configurations - Basic Components 1
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IoT UNIT 3
UNIT 3
3.1 Introduction to the Concept of IoT Devices
3.2 IoT Devices Versus Computers
3.3 IoT Configurations - Basic Components
3.4 Introduction to Arduino – Types of Arduino
3.5 Arduino Toolchain
3.6 Arduino Programming Structure – Sketches – Pins –
Input/Output From Pins Using Sketches
3.7 Introduction to Arduino Shields
3.8 Integration of Sensors and Actuators with Arduino.
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IoT device configuration
• IoT device configuration refers to the process of setting up
and customizing Internet of Things (IoT) devices to operate in
a specific network and environment.
• Configuration is a crucial step in deploying IoT devices, as it
ensures they can communicate with other devices and
systems effectively.
• It involves various settings and parameters that need to be
adjusted according to the requirements of the IoT application
and the network infrastructure.
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• The typical steps involved in IoT device configuration include:
• Connecting to the Network: IoT devices need to be connected to the internet
or a local network to exchange data with other devices and the cloud. This
step involves setting up network connectivity through Wi-Fi, Ethernet,
Bluetooth, cellular, or other communication protocols.
• Security Configuration: IoT devices often handle sensitive data, so it's
essential to configure security measures to protect data and prevent
unauthorized access. This includes setting up secure communication protocols
(like HTTPS, TLS, or MQTT with authentication) and managing encryption keys
and certificates.
• Assigning Unique Identifiers: Each IoT device must have a unique identifier
(e.g., MAC address, serial number) to distinguish it from other devices on the
network and facilitate data routing.
• Cloud Integration: Many IoT devices communicate with cloud platforms for
data storage, analytics, and management. Configuration involves connecting
the device to the appropriate cloud services and APIs
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The typical steps involved in IoT device configuration include:
• Firmware/Software Updates: IoT devices often receive firmware or
software updates to enhance functionality or fix security issues.
Configuration ensures that the device can receive and install
updates properly.
• Sensor Calibration: If the IoT device includes sensors, calibration
may be required to ensure accurate readings and data processing.
• Data Collection and Reporting Settings: Configuration defines how
data is collected from sensors and how frequently it's transmitted
to the cloud or other connected devices.
• Power Management: For battery-powered IoT devices,
configuration can involve setting power-saving modes and
optimizing power consumption to extend the device's operational
lifespan.
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The typical steps involved in IoT device configuration include:
• User Interface Configuration: Some IoT devices come with user
interfaces (e.g., touch screens, LEDs, buttons). Configuration
involves setting up the user interface to display relevant
information and enable user interaction.
• Device Management and Monitoring: Configuration may include
enabling remote management and monitoring features to
troubleshoot and manage devices remotely.
IoT device configuration can be performed during the manufacturing process, during
initial setup by end-users, or remotely by administrators after deployment.
The exact steps and procedures depend on the specific type of IoT device and its
intended use case.
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IoT Setup Configurations
1. Network Configuration:
– This type of IoT configuration focuses on setting up the
network connectivity for IoT devices.
– It involves configuring the network protocols, such as Wi-
Fi, Ethernet, cellular, Zigbee, or LoRaWAN, to allow IoT
devices to connect to the internet or a local network.
– Network configuration ensures that devices can
communicate with each other and with cloud services.
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IoT Setup Configurations
2. Security Configuration:
– Security is a critical aspect of IoT, and this type of
configuration deals with setting up the necessary security
measures to protect IoT devices and data.
– It includes configuring encryption, authentication, and
authorization mechanisms to ensure secure
communication and prevent unauthorized access to
sensitive information.
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IoT Setup Configurations
3. Cloud Integration Configuration:
– IoT devices often communicate with cloud platforms for
data storage, processing, and analysis.
– Cloud integration configuration involves connecting the
IoT devices to cloud services, configuring access
credentials, and defining how data is transmitted and
stored in the cloud.
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IoT Setup Configurations
4. Device Management Configuration:
• This type of configuration enables remote management of IoT
devices.
• It involves setting up features that allow administrators to monitor
and control devices remotely.
• Device management configuration may include firmware updates,
diagnostics, and device configuration changes.
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IoT Configurations
IoT communication configurations:
• Device-to-Device (D2D),
• Device-to-Gateway (D2G), and
• Device-to-Cloud (D2C)
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Device-to-Device (D2D) Configuration
Device-to-Device (D2D) Communication:
• D2D communication refers to direct communication between IoT devices without
involving a central intermediary.
• Devices can share information, data, or commands directly with each other.
• This configuration is often used for localized interactions and quick decision-
making.
Advantages:
• Low Latency: D2D communication enables rapid data exchange, which is
critical for real-time applications.
• Resilience: Devices can communicate even when the central
infrastructure is unavailable, enhancing system resilience.
• Reduced Network Load: Not all data needs to be sent to the cloud, which
reduces network congestion and data transmission costs.
• Use Case: In a smart home setup, smart light bulbs could communicate
directly with each other to create a synchronized lighting effect without
relying on a central hub.
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Device-to-Gateway (D2G) Configuration
Device-to-Gateway (D2G) Communication:
• D2G communication involves IoT devices transmitting data to a local gateway or
hub, which then manages the data and forwards it to the cloud or other systems.
• Gateways perform data aggregation, preprocessing, and sometimes edge
computing before sending data to the cloud.
Advantages:
• Local Data Processing: Gateways can perform data filtering, aggregation,
and some analytics before sending data to the cloud, reducing cloud
workload.
• Efficient Data Transmission: Aggregated data is sent in bulk to the cloud,
reducing the frequency and volume of communication compared to
individual devices sending data.
• Use Case: In industrial settings, sensors on factory equipment can send
data to a local gateway that monitors equipment health. The gateway can
alert operators of any anomalies before sending relevant data to the cloud
for further analysis.
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Device-to-Cloud (D2C) Configuration
• Device-to-Cloud (D2C) IoT configuration refers to the architecture
where IoT devices communicate directly with a cloud platform.
• In this setup, the IoT devices collect data and send it to the cloud for
storage, analysis, and decision-making.
• The cloud can also send commands back to the devices.
Benefits:
● Scalability: Cloud platforms can handle a vast number of devices and large
data sets.
● Centralized Management: The cloud provides a single interface to manage
and monitor all connected devices.
● Real-time Processing: Data can be processed in real-time for quick insights
and decision-making.
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Device-to-Cloud (D2C) Configuration
Use Cases:
● Smart Home Automation: Devices like smart thermostats and
lighting systems send data to the cloud for centralized control.
● Healthcare Monitoring: Wearable health devices send patient
data to cloud-based healthcare platforms for real-time monitoring.
● Industrial IoT: Sensors in factories monitor equipment and send
data to the cloud to predict failures and optimize performance.
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Next Session......
Introduction to Arduino – Types of Arduino
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