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BFS

This document contains a C program that implements the Breadth-First Search (BFS) algorithm for traversing a graph. It initializes an adjacency matrix based on user input for vertices and edges, and performs BFS starting from a specified vertex. The program uses a queue to manage the traversal order and prints the order of visited nodes.

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sharimmallik07
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29 views2 pages

BFS

This document contains a C program that implements the Breadth-First Search (BFS) algorithm for traversing a graph. It initializes an adjacency matrix based on user input for vertices and edges, and performs BFS starting from a specified vertex. The program uses a queue to manage the traversal order and prints the order of visited nodes.

Uploaded by

sharimmallik07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

#include <stdio.

h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#define MAX 100

int graph[MAX][MAX];
bool visited[MAX];
int queue[MAX];
int front = -1, rear = -1;

// Enqueue function
void enqueue(int value) {
if (rear == MAX - 1) return;
if (front == -1) front = 0;
queue[++rear] = value;
}

// Dequeue function
int dequeue() {
if (front == -1 || front > rear) return -1;
return queue[front++];
}

// BFS function
void BFS(int start, int vertices) {
for (int i = 0; i < vertices; i++)
visited[i] = false;

enqueue(start);
visited[start] = true;

printf("BFS Traversal: ");


while (front <= rear) {
int current = dequeue();
printf("%d ", current);

for (int i = 0; i < vertices; i++) {


if (graph[current][i] && !visited[i]) {
enqueue(i);
visited[i] = true;
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}

int main() {
int vertices, edges;
int u, v, start;
printf("Enter the number of vertices: ");
scanf("%d", &vertices);

printf("Enter the number of edges: ");


scanf("%d", &edges);

// Initialize adjacency matrix


for (int i = 0; i < vertices; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < vertices; j++)
graph[i][j] = 0;

// Read edges
printf("Enter edges (format: u v) [0-based indexing]:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < edges; i++) {
scanf("%d %d", &u, &v);
graph[u][v] = 1;
graph[v][u] = 1; // For undirected graph
}

printf("Enter starting vertex for BFS: ");


scanf("%d", &start);

BFS(start, vertices);

return 0;
}

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