📘 Chapter: Life Processes​

Topic: Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, Excretion

🧪 Section A: Nutrition (Autotrophic & Heterotrophic)

1.​ Q: What is nutrition? A: Nutrition is the process of obtaining and using food.​

2.​ Q: Name the two main modes of nutrition. A: Autotrophic and heterotrophic.​

3.​ Q: Which organism uses autotrophic nutrition? A: Green plants.​

4.​ Q: What pigment is essential for photosynthesis? A: Chlorophyll.​

5.​ Q: Name the gas used in photosynthesis. A: Carbon dioxide.​

6.​ Q: Which product is formed during photosynthesis? A: Glucose.​

7.​ Q: Write the balanced equation of photosynthesis. A: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (in presence
of sunlight and chlorophyll).​

8.​ Q: Which cell organelle carries out photosynthesis? A: Chloroplast.​

9.​ Q: Why do leaves appear green? A: Due to the presence of chlorophyll.​

10.​ Q: Name one plant that uses insectivorous nutrition. A: Pitcher plant.​

11.​ Q: What is the mode of nutrition in fungi? A: Saprotrophic.​

12.​ Q: Name the digestive enzyme in saliva. A: Salivary amylase.​

13.​ Q: What is the role of bile in digestion? A: Emulsification of fats.​

14.​ Q: Where is bile produced?A: Liver.​

15.​ Q: Where is bile stored? A: Gallbladder.​

16.​ Q: Name the enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach. A: Pepsin.​

17.​ Q: What is the pH of the stomach? A: Around 1.5 to 3.5 (acidic).​

18.​ Q: What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach? A: Kills bacteria and activates
pepsin.​

19.​ Q: Name the organ where most digestion takes place. A: Small intestine.​
 20.​Q: What is peristalsis? A: Wave-like movement that pushes food through the alimentary canal.​

🔥 Section B: Respiration
21.​ Q: What is respiration? A: Breakdown of food to release energy.​

22.​Q: Which organelle is the site of respiration? A: Mitochondria.​

23.​Q: What is the currency of energy in cells? A: ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate).​

24.​Q: Write the equation for aerobic respiration. A: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy.​

25.​Q: Name the gas released in aerobic respiration. A: Carbon dioxide.​

26.​Q: What is anaerobic respiration? A: Respiration without oxygen.​

27.​ Q: Name one organism that respires anaerobically. A: Yeast.​

28.​Q: What is formed during anaerobic respiration in muscles? A: Lactic acid.​

29.​Q: What is the function of nasal hairs? A: Filter dust and microbes.​

30.​Q: What prevents food from entering the windpipe? A: Epiglottis.​

31.​ Q: Name the structure where gas exchange occurs in lungs. A: Alveoli.​

32.​Q: What is the function of hemoglobin? A: Transport oxygen.​

33.​Q: Which gas is transported more in dissolved form in blood? A: Carbon dioxide.​

34.​Q: Name the tube that carries air to the lungs. A: Trachea.​

35.​Q: What is breathing rate in humans at rest? A: Around 12–20 breaths per minute.​

❤️ Section C: Transportation
36.​Q: What is the transport system in humans called? A: Circulatory system.​

37.​ Q: Which organ pumps blood? A: Heart.​

38.​Q: How many chambers are there in the human heart? A: Four.​

39.​Q: Name the largest artery in the human body. A: Aorta.​

 40.​Q: Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs? A: Pulmonary artery.​

41.​ Q: Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart? A: Pulmonary vein.​

42.​Q: What is double circulation? A: Blood passes through the heart twice in one complete
circulation.​

43.​Q: What is the function of red blood cells? A: Transport oxygen.​

44.​Q: Name the pigment in RBCs. A: Hemoglobin.​

45.​Q: What is the function of white blood cells? A: Fight infections.​

46.​Q: What is the function of platelets? A: Blood clotting.​

47.​ Q: What is the fluid part of blood? A: Plasma.​

48.​Q: What are the two types of blood circulation? A: Pulmonary and systemic.​

49.​Q: What is the function of veins? A: Carry blood toward the heart.​

50.​Q: What is the function of arteries? A: Carry blood away from the heart.​

51.​ Q: Which type of blood vessel has valves? A: Veins.​

52.​Q: What is lymph? A: A clear fluid that helps in immunity and transport.​

53.​Q: What transports water in plants? A: Xylem.​

54.​Q: What transports food in plants? A: Phloem.​

55.​Q: What is transpiration? A: Loss of water vapor from plant leaves.​

56.​Q: What is the function of guard cells? A: Open and close stomata.​

57.​ Q: Name the tissue responsible for transport in plants. A: Vascular tissue (xylem and phloem).​

58.​Q: What is ascent of sap? A: Upward movement of water in plants.​

59.​Q: What is translocation? A: Transport of food in plants.​

60.​Q: Which part of root absorbs water? A: Root hairs.​

🚽 Section D: Excretion
 61.​ Q: What is excretion? A: Removal of metabolic waste from the body.​

62.​Q: Which organ filters blood in humans? A: Kidney.​

63.​Q: What is the structural unit of the kidney? A: Nephron.​

64.​Q: Name the blood vessel entering the kidney. A: Renal artery.​

65.​Q: What is the function of Bowman’s capsule? A: Filtration of blood.​

66.​Q: What is the function of the glomerulus? A: Filtration of blood in nephrons.​

67.​ Q: Where is urine stored? A: Urinary bladder.​

68.​Q: Through which tube is urine excreted? A: Urethra.​

69.​Q: What is dialysis? A: Artificial removal of waste from blood.​

70.​Q: Name the nitrogenous waste in humans. A: Urea.​

71.​ Q: How many kidneys are there in humans? A: Two.​

72.​Q: What is micturition? A: The process of urination.​

73.​Q: What is the function of sweat? A: Regulates body temperature and removes waste.​

74.​Q: What do sweat glands excrete?A: Water, salts, and urea.​

75.​Q: How do plants excrete waste? A: Through stomata, leaves, and old tissues.​

🧠 Section E: Mixed Conceptual

76.​Q: Which process provides energy to living organisms? A: Respiration.​

77.​ Q: What is the site of gaseous exchange in plants? A: Stomata.​

78.​Q: Which organ performs both secretion and excretion? A: Liver.​

79.​Q: Which gas is necessary for aerobic respiration? A: Oxygen.​

80.​Q: What is the main product of photosynthesis? A: Glucose.​

81.​ Q: What is the role of enzymes in digestion? A: Speed up the breakdown of food.​

82.​Q: Which component of blood fights infection? A: White blood cells.​

 83.​Q: Which is the main nitrogenous waste in humans? A: Urea.​

84.​Q: What is the main excretory product in amoeba? A: Ammonia.​

85.​Q: Which process helps in cooling the body? A: Sweating.​

⚡ Section F: True/False Based

86.​Q: Respiration occurs only during the daytime in plants. A: False.​

87.​ Q: Arteries have thick walls. A: True.​

88.​Q: Nephron filters blood in kidneys. A: True.​

89.​Q: Phloem transports water. A: False.​

90.​Q: Transpiration increases in high humidity. A: False.​

📋 Section G: Fill-in-the-Blanks Style

91.​ Q: The process of breakdown of glucose is called ______. A: Respiration.​

92.​Q: ______ is the green pigment present in plants. A: Chlorophyll.​

93.​Q: The contraction and relaxation of heart is called ______. A: Cardiac cycle.​

94.​Q: The ______ carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart. A: Pulmonary vein.​

95.​Q: ______ is responsible for transport of food in plants. A: Phloem.​

96.​Q: The filtering unit of kidney is called ______. A: Nephron.​

97.​ Q: Blood enters the kidney through the ______. A: Renal artery.​

98.​Q: The final excretory product in human beings is ______. A: Urine.​

99.​Q: The upward movement of water in plants is called ______. A: Ascent of sap.​

100.​ Q: ______ is the enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch. A: Salivary amylase.​