Nanotechnology
Group
By:Dr.Mujtaba Ellahi, Lec# 02
Nanotechnology….?
• Nanotechnology is engineering at the molecular
(groups of atoms) level
• It is the collective term for a range of
technologies, techniques and processes that
involve the manipulation of matter at the
smallest scale (from 1 to 100 nm 2)
With
With15,342
15,342atoms,
atoms,this
thisparal el-shaft speed
parallel-shaft speedreducer
reducergear
gearis
isone
oneof
of
the
thelargest
largestnanomechanical
nanomechanicaldevices
devicesever
evermodeled
modeled
Nanotechnology: Size and Scale
100µm
Human Hair 75 µm
Plant and Animal Cel s
10µm
Most Bacteria 0.18µm
1µm
Feature Size
Lysozyme
100nm Transistor
Virus
Nanotechnology
10nm
Proteins
Carbon
1nm Nano-tubes
nm Atoms Cooper, 2001
History of nanotechnology
Norio Taniguchi
introduced the term
‘nanotechnology’
In 1959 Richrad Feynman
presented ideas for creating
Nano scale machines 1980s, development in this field was
greatly enhanced with advances in
electron microscopy
Approaches in nanotechnology
Top-down Approach Bottom-up Approach
Creating Nano-scale materials Assembling Nano materials
by physically or chemically atom-by-atom or molecule-by
breaking down larger materials molecule (self assembling)
Aspects of nanotechnology
Nano materials
Nano powders - building blocks of nano materials
(particles less than 100 nm in size)
The scale of
nanopowders
Nanoparticles of gold for
Porous metallic new catalysts
‘nanocubes’
store large amounts of H2
www.cordis.lu/nanotechnology
Carbon
nanotubes
(sensors, fuel cells,
computers
and televisions)
Nano membrane
filtration systems
(safe, clean,
affordable water)
Molecular electronic
‘cross bar latches’
(tiny Nano devices)
Quantum
dots and
artificial atoms
(small devices that
Nanotechnology applications
Meeddiicciinnee E
Enneerrggyy
EExx.. Nano bio
iottechnolo
logy ex.. Renewable
le
energy
Ee lectrroonicics and
in
infformattio ion
ttecchnolo logieies
Chemistry and Consumer goods
Environment
Military and
security
applications
Stages of Nanotechnology
Agrifood applicatinos currently in
passive to early “active” stage
Active
Nanostructures
Transistors
Targeted drugs
Adaptive
Systems of Molecular
structures
Nanosystems Nanosystems
Passive
Robotics Molecules by
Nanostructures
3D networks design
Coatings,
Guided Evolutionary
polymers,ceramic
assemblers systems
s
2001 2005 2010 2020
Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Animal
Animalor
or Plant Animal
Plant
PlantHealth
Health production Production
Ex:
Ex:Detect
Detect Ex: Delivery of DNA Ex: Nano tube sensors
pathogens
pathogens to plants to detect hormone
level changes
Agrochemical
Ex: Nanoparticles In food Sensing
in pesticides industry Ex: Detect
chemicals or food
borne pathogen
Convergence Packaging
Ex: Prevent or Safety
Nano-Geo-(Bio)- respond to
Info technology spoilage
Nanotechnology in SL; At a glance……
2006 - Sri Lanka’sNational
Nanotechnology Initiative
(SLNNI)
2008 Establishment of
NANCO (Pvt) Ltd
Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology (Pvt) Ltd. (SLINTEC)
Merger of NANCO (Pvt) Ltd. and SLINTEC (Pvt) Ltd.
Establishment of
A world class Nanotechnology Laboratory
Establishment of a Nanoscience Park
Health and environmental impacts
Health risks
Medical application of nanoparticles
ex: enhance drug delivery
Some nanoparticles —freely mobile
Negative health and
environmental impacts
USA -
Highest
investor &
patent holder
From today to
tomorrow…..
Lea ng
countries
Japan,
Western
Europe Source: Lux Research 2008
References……..
1. Chen et al.,2007. Manufacturing at the Nanoscale. National
Nanotechnology Initiative Workshop Report. Science and Technology
Council Committee on Technology. National Science Foundation.
Retrieved March 3, 2012, from
http://www.nano.gov/NNI-Manufacturing-at-the-Nanoscale.pdf.
2. Hood, E. 2004. Nanotechnology : Looking as we leap. Environment
Health Perspect. Retrieved March 3, 2012 from
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.112-9740
3. National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) US Department of
Agriculture (USDA), 2009. Nanotechnology for Food and Agriculture
Industry. Retrieved March 5, 2012 from
http://www.google.lk/#hl=en&output=search&sclient=psy-
ab&q=Nanotechnology.
4. Interfaculty Environmental Science Department (IVAM) of the University
of Amsterdam, Special report 3/30, Buying the nano-market. Retrived
March 9 2012, from http://www.google.lk/#hl=en&sclient=psy-
ab&q=Lux+Research.+2008.
