SURFACE REV.

$f,f,.rsss JUL1999
L17d Sg Spaceu' VEHICLE
I N T E R N AT Ilir_and
ONA L STANDARD lssued 1967-08
400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001
Revised 1999-07

Superseding J995 JUN79

Submitted for recognition as an American National Standard

(R) Mechanical and Material Requirements for Steel Nuts invalid / ungültig

L Scope-This SAE Standard covers the mechanical and material requirements for three grades of steel nuts
suitable for use in automotive and related engineering applications, in sizes 114 Lo 1-112 in, inclusive, and with
dimensions conforming with the requirements of the latest issue of ASME 818.2.2 or ASME 818.6.3, as
applicable.

1.1 This documenl does not include limits for surface discontinuities. Where usage requires such control, limits
may be specified separately. For sizes 1/4 through I in, this may be done by the statement: "surface
discontinuities shall not exceed the limits specified in SAE J122."

2. References

2.1 Applicable Publications-The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified
herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest version shall apply.

2.1 .1 SAE PuBLlcArloNs-Available from SAE,400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.

SAE J122-Surface Discontinuities on Nuts

SAE J409-Product Analysis-Permissible Variations from Specified Chemical Analysis of a Heat or Cast
of Steel
SAE J417-Hardness Test and Hardness Number Conversions

2.1.2 ASME PuellcAloNs-Available from ASME, 22Law Drive, Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900.

ASME 818.2.2-Square and Hex Nuts (lnch Series)

ASME 818.6.3-Machine Screws and Machine Screw Nuts

3. Designation-The three grades of nuts are designated Grades 2, 5, and 8.

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: "This report is publ¡shed by SAE to advance the state of techn¡cal and engineering sciences The use of this report ¡s entirely
voluntary, and its applicability and su¡tability for any particular use, includ¡ng any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole respons¡b¡lity of the user "

SAE rev¡ews each technical report at least every five years at wh¡ch time ¡t may be reaffirmed, rev¡sed, or cancelled SAE invites your written comments and suggest¡ons

QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENTT (724, 772-85't2 F AX: (7241 776-0243

TO PLACE A DOcUMENT ORDER: (724) 7764970FAXt (7241 776-0790
SAE WEB ADDRESS http://M sae.org

Copyright 1999 Society ofAutomotive Engineers, Inc

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 SAE J995 Revised JUL1999

4. Material-Nuts shall be made of steel conforming to the chemical composition limits specified in Table 1.

TABLE 1-CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS(1)

Nut c Mn P s
Grade Max Min Max Max
047 o 12121 0.1 5(3)
055 6 65(rXs) o 1 5(3X5)
055 030 0.04 6 65(0)
1 All values are for ladle analysis (percent by weight) and are subject to standard varia-
tions for check analysis as given in SAE J409
2 Resulfurized and rephosphorized material is not subject to rejection based on check
analysis for sulfur
3 lf agreed behveen purchaser and producer, sulfur content may be 0 23 max
4 Phosphorus content may be 0 13 max for acid bessemer steel only
5 lf agreed between purchaser and producer, sulfur content may be 0.35 max and phos-
phorus content may be 0.12 max provided that manganese content is 0 70 min
lfagreed between purchaser and producer, sulfur content may be 0 33 max provided
that manganese content ts 1.35 min

5. Mec h a n ic a I Req u ireme nts

5.1 Proof Load-Nuts described in this document shall withstand the proof load stress specified in Table 2 for the
nut grade, size, and thread series.

TABLE 2_PROOF LOAD REQUIREMENTS FOR NUTS(T)

Nut Grade 2lzl5s5 588
Nut Size 'll4lhru1-112 1/4 thru 1 1l4th¡u 1 Over 1 thru 1-112 Over I thru l-112 1l4th¡u1-'ll2 1l4th¡u'l-112
Thread Series UNC UNC UNF,12 UN UNC UNF,12UN UNC UNF,12UN
and 8UN and 8UN and Finer and 8UN and Finer and 8UN and Finer
Nut Type Proof Load P¡oof Load Proof Load Proof Load Proof Load Proof Load Proof Load
Stress, psi(l) Stress, psi(1) Stress, psi(1) Stress, psi(l) Stress, psi(l) Stress, psi(l) Stress, psi(r)
Hex 1 20 000 1 09 000 1 05 000 94 000 1 50 000 1 50 000
Hex Flange 1 20 000 r 09 000 1 05 000 94 000 1 50 000 1 50 000
Hex Jam(3) 72 000 65 000 63 000 57 000 90 000 90 000
Heavy Hex Jam(3) 72 000 65 000 63 000 57 000 90 000 90 000
Hex Slotted(3) 96 000 87 000 84 000 75 000 1 20 000 I 20 000
Heavy Hex(3) 1 33 000 I 20 000 116000 105 000 r 65 000 1 50 000
Hex Thick(3) 1 33 000 I 20 000 116 000 1 05 000 1 65 000 1 50 000
Heavy Hex Slotted(3) 1 05 000 96 000 92 000 84 000 1 32 000 120 000
Hex Thick Slotted(3) r 05 000 96 000 92 000 84 000 1 32 000 120 000
Square(2) 90 000

The proof load in pounds for a nut is computed by multiplying the proof load stress, in psi (lbf/in2), for the nut grade, size, thread series, and type,
as shown in Table 2, and the stress area, in sq in (in2), for the applicable size and thread ser¡es shown in Table 3. (See Appendix A, Table A1 for
computed values for some products.)
2 Grade2 is normally applicable to square nuts only, and square nuts are normally available in Grade 2 only.
3 Proofload stress values for hexjam, heavy hexjam, hex slotted, heavy hex, hex thick, heavy hex slotted, and hex thick slotted nuts are based on
requirements for hex nuts Primarily, each value is derived from the ratio of minimum thickness of the product involved to the minimum thickness
of hex or square machine screw nuts and hex nuts (see ASN4E 818 2 2 and ASME 818 6 3) of the same s¡ze-and adjusted to compensate for
differences in w¡dth across flats, width and depth of slots, and depth of countersink.

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 SAE J995 Revised JUL1999

TABLE 3-TENSILE STRESS AREAS (TEST BOLT OR MANDREL)

Coarse Thread Goarse Thread Fine Thread Fine Thread 8-Thread 8-Thread
Series Series Series Series Series Series
UNC UNC UNF UNF 8UN 8UN
Nominal Size Tensile Nominal Size Tensile Nominal Size Tensile
and Stress and Stress and Stress
Threads Area, Threads Area, Threads Area
Per lnch sq in Per lnch sq in Per lnch sq in
1t4 -20 0.0318 1t4 -28 0.0364
5/16 - 18 0 0524 5t16 - 24 0 0580
3/8 - 16 0 0775 3t8 -24 0 0878
7t16 -'t4 0.1063 7t16-20 0.1 187
1t2 - 13 o 1419 1t2 - 20 0 1599

9116 - 12 0 182 9/16 - 18 0.203

5/8-11 0 226 5/8 - 18 0 256
3t4 - 10 0 334 314 - 16 0.373
7t8-9 0.462 7t8 - 14 0.509
1-8 0.606 1-12 0.663 1-8 0.606

1-1t8 -7 0.763 1-1t8 -'t2 0.856 1-1t8 - I 0.790

1-1t4 - 7 0.969 1-1t4 - 12 1.073 1-1t4 - I 1.000
1-3l8 - 6 1.155 1-3t8 - 12 1.315 1-3/8 - I 1.233
1-1t2 - 6 1.405 1-1t2 - 12 1.581 1-1t2 - A 1.492

5.2 Hardness-Nuts shall have a hardness within the limits specified in Table 4.

TABLE 4-HARDNESS REQUIREMENTS FOR NUTS

Nut Grade Nominal Nut Size Hardness
2 114 thru 1-112 32 HRC max
 lhru
114 1-112 32 HRC max
I 1/4 thru 5/8 24 -32HRC
I Over 5/8 thru 1 26 - 34 HRC
I Over 1 thru 1-112 26 - 36 HRC

6. Test Methods

6.1 Proof Load Test-The nut shall be assembled on a test bolt or on a hardened and threaded mandrel, as
described in the following and illustrated in Figure 1. The specified proof load for the nut shall be applied
against the nut in an axial direction. (See footnote 1 of Table 2 for method for computing the proof load in
pounds for a nut.) The nut shall resist this load without failure by stripping or rupture, and shall be removable
from the test bolt or mandrel by the fingers after the load is released.

NOTE-Occasionally it may be necessary to use a manual wrench or other means to start the nut in motion.
Use of such means is permissible, prov¡ding the nut is removable by the fingers following an initial
loosening of not more than one-half turn of the nut.

lf the threads of the test bolt or mandrel are damaged during the test, the test shall be discarded.

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 SAE J995 Revised JUL1999

FIGURE 1-PROOF LOAD TEST

Test bolts shall have threads conforming to Class 2A tolerances and shall have a yield strength in excess of
the specified proof load of the nut being tested.

Mandrels shall have a minimum hardness of 45 HRC; and shall be threaded to Class 3A tolerance, except that
the major diameter shall be the minimum major diameter with a tolerance of +0.002 in.

For referee purposes, the proof load test shall be conducted using a hardened mandrel.

6.2 Hardness Test-Rockwell hardness shall be determined on the top or bottom nut face halfway between the
major diameter of the thread and one corner, or, if applicable, on a wrench face one-third of the distance from
corner to the center of the wrench face. ln preparing the surface, suffìcient material shall be removed to assure
elimination of any decarburization or other surface irregularities.

Hardness tests shall be conducted in accordance with SAE J417.

7. Marking-f hree "styles" of grade marking are acceptable. Style A is applicable to all types and sizes of nuts.
Style B is applicable to hex nuts of sizes 5/8 in and larger; but may be used for smaller sizes or other types of
nuts only when authorized by the purchaser. Style C is applicable to nuts which are fabricated by cutting from
hex bar.

Marking for source (manufacturer or private label distributor) identification shall be by the manufacturer's or
private label distributor's mark.

Markings shall not project beyond the height or width across flats of the nuts. No more than 10% of the nut top
surface area may be used for grade and source markings. ln the case of double chamfer nuts, one face only is
considered a top surface.

Style A marking shall be depressed on the top surface of the nut on a circular line or path approximately midway
between hole diameter and hex flat diameter, or, for hex flange nuts at the supplier's option, raised or depressed
on top of the flange, and shall consist of: a single circumferential line for Grade2 nuts; two circumferential lines
'l 20 degrees apart for Grade 5 nuts; and two circumferential lines 60 degrees apart for Grade 8 nuts. The

circumferential lines shall conform to the following dimensions (inch, nominal): (See Table 5.)

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 SAE J995 Revised JUL1999

TABLE s-MARKING DIMENSIONS

Marking Lines(r) Marking Lines(1) Marking Line(1)

Nut Size width Length Depth
114 and 5116 0 015 0.05 0 010
3/8 thru 9/16 0 020 0.06 0 0r0
5/8 thru 7/8 0 030 0.08 0 010
1 and larger 0.030 012 0.010
1 For hex flange nuts, lines on the top of the flange may be up to two times the dimensions shown

Style B marking shall be raised or depressed on the chamfer surface of the top of the nut corners, and shall
cons¡st of: one circumferential line on one corner for Grade 2 nuts; one circumferential line on each of two
corners 120 degrees apart for grade 5 nuts; and one circumferential line on each of two corners 60 degrees
apart for Grade 8 nuts.

Style C marking shall consist of notches at the hexagon corners, one notch at each corner for Grade 5 nuts,
and two notches at each corner for Grade 8 nuts.

7.1 Grade 2 nuts are not required to be marked for grade or source identification, unless specified by the
purchaser. lf marked, Grade2 nuts shall be markedwith grade and source identification marks.

7.2 Grade 5 and Grade 8 hex and hex flange nuts, sizes 1i4 through 1-112, shall be marked for grade identification
and for source identification. Grade 5 and Grade 8 hex jam, heavy hex jam, hex slotted, heavy hex slotted,
hex thick slotted, hex thick, and heavy hex nuts are not required to be marked for grade or source
identification, unless specified by the purchaser. lf marked, Grade 5 and Grade 8 hex jam, heavy hex jam, hex
slotted, heavy hex slotted, hex thick slotted, hex thick, and heavy hex nuts shall be marked with grade and
source identification marks.

L Testing Requirements

8.1 Manufacturer's Responsibility-During the manufacture of products to the requirements of this specification,
the manufacturer shall make periodic tests to ensure that the properties of the product are being maintained
within specified limits. For all Grade I nuts, and for Grade 5 hex and hex flange nuts, each lot shall be tested.
Such tests shall be conducted in accordance with a sampling plan, preferably the sampling plan given in 8.3,
and the test results shall be recorded in a test report When requested in writing by the purchaser, the
manufacturer shall furnish a copy of the test report certified to be a report of the results of the lot for Grade 8
nuts or Grade 5 hex or hex flange nuts, or, for other nuts, of the last completed set of tests for the specific type,
size, and grade of product.

8.2 Purchaser's Options-lf the purchaser requires that additional tests be performed by the manufacturer to
determine that the properties of products in an individual lot or shipment are within specified limits, or if the
purchaser requires that a sampling plan different from that given in 8.3 shall be used when determining the
acceptability of a lot, or shipment, of products, the purchaser shall specify the complete testing requirements,
including sampling plan and basis of acceptance, in the original inquiry and purchase order.

8.3 General-An acceptable sampling plan, with the acceptance criteria of zero nonconformances, is outlined in
Table 6.

A lot, for purposes of selecting test specimens, shall consist of a quantity of nuts of one part number
manufactured by the same production process from the same coil or heat number of steel and submitted for
inspection and testing at one time.

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 SAE J995 Revised JUL1999

TABLE G-SAMPLING PLAN

Minimum
Number of Specimens
Number of Pieces in Lot to be Tested
50 and under
51 to 500 3
501 to 35 000 Ã

35 001 to 250 000 I

The same test specimens may be used for different tests wherever practical.

lf the failure of a test specimen is due to improper preparation of the specimen or to incorrect testing technique,
the specimen shall be discarded and another specimen substituted.

9. /Vofes

9.1 Marginal lndicia-The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating
areas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left
of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.

PREPARED BY THE SAE FASTENERS COMMITTEE

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 SAE J995 Revised JUL1999

APPENDIX A

A.1 See Table 41.

TABLE A1_PROOF LOAD FOR MISCELLANEOUS NUTS,(T)LBF (UNC THREADS ONLY)

Hex Jam Hex Jam Heavy Hex Heavy Hex
Nominal Hex and Hex and and and Heavy Heavy Slotted Slotted
Nut Size Hex Hex Heavy Heavy Hex Hex Hex and Hex and and and
and Square Flange Flange Hex Jam Hex Jam Slotted Slotted Hex Thick Hex Thick Hex Thick Hex Thick
Threads Nuts Nuts Nuts Nuts Nuts Nuts Nuts Nuts Nuts Slotted Nuts Slotted Nuts
Per lnch G¡ade 2 Grade 5 Grade I Grade 5 Grade I Grade 5 Grade I Grade 5 I
Grade Grade 5 Grade I

-20 2 850
1t4 3 800 4750 2300 2850 3 050 3 800 4 250 5 250 3 350 4 200
5/16-'18 4700 6 300 7 850 3 750 4 700 5 050 6 300 6 950 I 650 5 500 6 900
3/8-16 7000 9300 11 600 5 600 7 000 7 450 I 300 10 300 12800 I 150 10 200
7116-14 I 550 12800 15 900 7 650 I 550 10 200 12 800 14 100 17 500 11 200 14 000
1t2- 13 12800 17 000 21 300 10 200 12 800 13 600 't7 000 18 900 23 400 14 900 '18 700

9t16 - 12 l6 400 21 800 27 300 13 '100 16 400 17 500 21 800 24200 30 000 19 r00 24 000
5t8 - 11 20 300 27 100 33 900 '16300 20 300 21 700 27 100 30 100 37 300 23700 29 800
3t4-10 30 100 40 100 50 100 24000 30 100 32100 40 100 44 400 55 r00 35 100 44 100
7t8 -9 41 600 55 400 69 300 33 300 41 600 44 400 55 400 61 400 76200 48 500 61 000
1 -8 54500 72700 90 900 43 600 54 500 58 200 72700 80 600 100 000 63 600 80 000

1-1t8 -7 700 68 80 100 114 000 48 100 68 700 64 100 91 600 88 500 126 000 70200 101 000
1-114 -7 200 87 102 000 145 000 61 000 87 200 81 400 I 16000 112000 160 000 89 100 128 000
f -3/8 - 6 04 000 '1 121 000 '173 000 72 800 t 04 000 97 000 139 000 134 000 191 000 106 000 152 000
1-112-6 '126 000 148 000 211 000 88 500 126 000 1 18 000 169 000 163 000 232000 129 000 185 000

1 Computed according toTable 2, Footnote I, using psi (lbf/in2) values shown in Table 2

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 SAE J995 Revised JUL1999

Rationale-Not applicable.

Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard-Not applicable.

Application-This SAE Standard covers the mechanical and material requirements for three grades of steel
nuts suitable for use in automotive and related engineering applications, in sizes 114 lo 1-112 in,
inclusive, and with dimensions conforming with the requirements of the latest issue of ASME 818.2.2 or
ASME 818.6.3, as applicable.

This document does not include limits for surface discontinuities. Where usage requires such control,
limits may be specified separately. For sizes 1/4 through 1 in, this may be done by the statement:
"Surface discontinuities shall not exceed the limits specified in SAE J122."

Reference Section

SAE J122-Surface Discontinuities on Nuts

SAE J409-Product Analysis-Permissible Variations from Specified Chemical Analysis of a Heat or

Cast of Steel

SAE J417-Hardness Tests and Hardness Number Conversions

ASME 818.2.2-Square and Hex Nuts (lnch Series)

ASME 818.6.3-Machine Screws and Machine Screw Nuts

Developed by the SAE Fasteners Committee

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