Geography P1 Gr12 Pre-Midyear Exam Vhembe East District May/June 2025
NSC
VHEMBE EAST DISTRICT
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
GEOGRAPHY PAPER 1
PRE-MID-YEAR EXAM
MAY 2025
SEPTEMBER 2019
MARKS: 150
DURATION: 3hrs
This question paper consists of 17 pages.
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Geography P1 Gr12 Pre-Midyear Exam Vhembe East District May/June 2025
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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. This question paper consists of TWO sections:
SECTION A:
QUESTION 1: CLIMATE AND WEATHER (60)
QUESTION 2: GEOMORPHOLOGY (60)
SECTION B:
QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES (30)
2. Answer all THREE questions.
3. All diagrams are included in the QUESTION PAPER.
4. Leave a line between the subsections of questions answered.
5. Start each question at the top of a NEW page.
6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in
this question paper.
7. Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.
8. Draw fully labelled diagrams when instructed to do so.
9. Answer in FULL SENTENCES, except when you have to state, name,
identify or list.
10. Units of measurement MUST be indicated in your final answer, e.g.
1 020 hPa, 14 °C and 45 m.
11. You may use a non-programmable calculator.
12. You may make use of magnifying glass.
13. Write neatly and legibly.
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION FOR SECTION B
14. A 1 : 50 000 topographical map 2729DC MONT PELAAN and a
1 : 10 000 orthophoto map 2729DC 3 MONT PELAAN are provided.
15. The area demarcated in RED/BLACK on the topographic map represents
the area covered by the orthophoto map.
16. Show ALL calculations. Marks will be allocated for this.
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SECTION A: CLIMATE AND WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY
QUESTION 1: CLIMATE AND WEATHER
1.1 The source below shows FOUR weather stations. Match the statements
below with weather stations A to D. Write only the letter (A–D) next to the
question number (1.1.1 – 1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example
1.1.9 A.
[Source: South African Weather Service]
1.1.1 Thunderstorms are likely to be experienced.
1.1.2 The wind speed is 25 knots.
1.1.3 Indicates clear skies.
1.1.4 The wind direction is south-westerly.
1.1.5 Associated with stable conditions over the interior in
winter.
1.1.6 Conditions that prevail on the west coast of South Africa
in winter.
1.1.7 The expected precipitation is drizzle.
1.1.8 It indicates the wind direction when a place is lying in the
warm sector of the cold front.
(8 x 1) (8)
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1.2 Refer to the map on cyclones and anticyclones below.
[Source: From https://www.coolgeography.co.uk/GCSE/AQA/WaterontheLand]
1.2.1 Name the high-pressure cell at Q.
1.2.2 Is the air around low pressure cell R sinking or rising?
1.2.3 Over which ocean will high pressure cell O be found?
1.2.4 Which high pressure cell is less dominant in summer?
1.2.5 The low-pressure cell at R moves from … to east along
the coast of southern Africa.
1.2.6 Identify the high-pressure cell that is also known as a
blocking high.
1.2.7 This high-pressure cell ridges and carries moisture from
the South Indian Ocean to the South Eastern coastal
areas.
(7 x 1) (7)
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1.3 Refer to the map below showing the track history of tropical cyclone
Freddy.
Freddy Track History: 6 February – 13 March 2023
[Source: Examiner’s own map]
1.3.1 Give evidence that this tropical cyclone is in the
Southern Hemisphere. (1 x 1) (1)
1.3.2 Name TWO conditions that were necessary for the
development (formation) of tropical cyclone Freddy. (2 x 1) (2)
1.3.3 Give ONE reason for the downgrade of tropical cyclone
Freddy to a category 2 when it made landfall in
Madagascar. (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.4 Why is the Mozambique channel usually ideal for the
increase in temperature within the tropical cyclone? (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.5 Cyclone Freddy made a second landfall in Mozambique
on 11 March 2023. In a paragraph of EIGHT lines, explain
strategies that could be put in place to reduce this impact.
(4 x 2) (8)
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1.4 Refer to the map below showing a line thunderstorm over South Africa.
Southwest Winds
Source adapted from http://www.google.co.za/images]
1.4.1 Name the front over the interior where line thunderstorms
develop. (1 x 1) (1)
1.4.2 What type of air is carried by the north easterly winds to
the interior? (1 x 1) (1)
1.4.3 Name TWO forms (types) of precipitation associated
with line thunderstorm. (2 x 1) (2)
1.4.4 During which season do line thunderstorms develop in
South Africa? (1 x 1) (1)
1.4.5 Give ONE evidence from the map for your answer to
QUESTION 1.4.4. (1 x 2) (2)
1.4.6 Describe the processes involved in the development
(formation) of line thunderstorms. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4.7 Discuss TWO negative impacts of line thunderstorms on
the natural environment in the interior of South Africa (2 x 2) (4)
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1.5 Refer to the infographic showing the microclimate of a city.
1.5.1 Define the term urban heat island. (1 x 2) (2)
1.5.2 What is the temperature variance (difference) between
the urban and rural area? (1 x 1) (1)
1.5.3 With reference to the infographic, give TWO ways in
which cities contribute to an urban heat island. (2 x 1) (2)
1.5.4 Why are rural areas cooler than urban areas? (2 x 2) (4)
1.5.5 Discuss sustainable strategies to reduce the effects of
an urban heat island. (3 x 2) (6)
[60]
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QUESTION 2: GEOMORPHOLOGY
2.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
numbers (2.1.1 to 2.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 2.1.9 C.
2.1.1 Refers to the main river and its tributaries:
A Drainage basin
B Confluence
C Catchment area
D River system
2.1.2 Rivers that only flow in the rainy season are called … rivers.
A exotic
B periodic
C episodic
D perennial
2.1.3 The flow of water in a mountainous stream is likely to be …
A laminar.
B smooth.
C turbulent.
D layered.
Refer to the drainage pattern below to answer questions from 2.1.4 to
2.1.6.
2.1.4 The drainage pattern is known as the … pattern.
A trellis
B centripetal
C parallel
D radial
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2.1.5 This pattern develops on the following underlying rock structure:
(i) Rock with uniform resistance to erosion
(ii) Folded mountains
(iii) Areas where volcanoes erupted
(iv) Hard and soft rock formations
A (i) and (ii)
B (i) and (iii)
C (ii) and (iii)
D (ii) and (iv)
2.1.6 The tributaries join the mainstream at … angles.
A acute
B right
C oblique
D obtuse
Refer to the dendritic drainage pattern to answer questions 2.1.7 and 2.1.8.
2.1.7 The stream order at A is …
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
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2.1.8 This drainage pattern usually flows on … slopes and in … valleys.
(i) gentle
(ii) steep
(iii) V-shaped
(iv) U-shaped
A (i) and (iii)
B (i) and (iv)
C (ii) and (iii)
D (ii) and (iv)
(8 x 1) (8)
2.2 Refer to the sketch, which shows river profiles. Complete the statements in
COLUMN A with the options in COLUMN B. Write only Y or Z next to the
question numbers (2.2.1 to 2.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, example 2.2.9 Y.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
2.2.1 A Cross profile shows … Y: a river from source to mouth
Z: a view from bank to bank
2.2.2 The dominant fluvial process in the Y: lateral erosion
middle course is … Z: vertical erosion
2.2.3 Fluvial landform that encourages Y: floodplain
farming. Z: waterfall
2.2.4 The volume of water in the upper Y: high
course is … Z: low
2.2.5 The source of a river can be found in Y: upper course
the … Z: lower course
2.2.6 The area drained by a river and its Y: river system
tributaries, is known as the … Z: drainage basin
2.2.7 V-shaped valleys in the upper course Y: vertical erosion
are caused by … Z: lateral erosion
(7x1) (7)
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2.3 Refer to the diagram below which shows features of river rejuvenation.
2.3.1 Define the concept river rejuvenation. (1 x 2) (2)
2.3.2 What type of erosion is associated with river rejuvenation? (1 x 1) (1)
2.3.3 What evidence indicates that river rejuvenation has taken
place? (1 x 1) (1)
2.3.4 Identify the force of upliftment which is associated with
rejuvenation. (1 x 1) (1)
2.3.5 Why is rejuvenated land not suitable for human activity? (2 x 2) (4)
2.3.6 Explain how rejuvenation could change the fluvial features
(landforms) downstream of the point of rejuvenation. (3 x 2) (6)
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2.4 Refer to the sketches below which show river capture (stream piracy).
2.4.1 Define the concept river capture as shown in sketch B. (1 x 2) (2)
2.4.2 Identify features 1 and 2 of river capture in sketch B. (2 x 1) (2)
2.4.3 What could have caused the captor stream to erode
through the watershed? (1 x 1) (1)
2.4.4 Explain the process that resulted in the formation of the
misfit stream. (2 x 2) (4)
2.4.5 Describe the changes in the flow characteristics of the
captor stream. (3 x 2) (6)
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2.5 Refer to the infographic below on catchment and river management.
2.5.1 Define the concept river catchment area. (1 x 2) (2)
2.5.2 Of which river is the Jukskei River a tributary? (1 x 1) (1)
2.5.3 “The water quality of the Jukskei River is deteriorating”.
Substantiate the statement by referring to the infographic. (2 x 2) (4)
2.5.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, suggest
possible sustainable strategies that can be implemented in
order to maintain the quality of water in the Jukskei River. (4 x 2) (8)
[60]
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SECTION B
QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES
Coordinates: 25°32′S, 26°05′E
Zeerust is a commercial town situated in the North West. It is situated in the Marico
Valley, approximately 1 294 metres above sea level.
The town is 240 kilometres north-west of Johannesburg. It lies along the N4, the main
road link between South Africa and Botswana.
The climate in this area is characterized by short cold and dry winters and long warm to
hot summers. Rain is frequent during the summer months.
Two rivers flow through Zeerust: the Klein-Marico and the Karee Spruit. In Zeerust, there
is a natural spring at the Marico Oog.
[Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeerust]
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the
topographic map:
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Grave Graf
River Rivier
Rifle Skietbaan
Range
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3.1 MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1.1 The number 25 in 2527 CA ZEERUST represents...
(i) latitude
(ii) longitude
(iii) northern hemisphere
(iv) southern hemisphere
A. (i) and (iii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (ii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iv)
(1 × 1) = (1)
3.1.2 The area covered by B2 on the topographical map is generally (steep/gentle).
(1 × 1) = (1)
3.1.3 The highest altitude in block B1 of the orthophoto map is (above/below) average
altitude of ZEERUST.
(1 × 1) = (1)
3.1.4 The wind direction between spot height 1416 in block B1 and spot height 1268 in
block C3 is...
A. southeast
B. northwest
C. southwest
D. northeast
(1 × 1) = (1)
3.1.5 Calculate the ground distance of the Rifle Range in block A1 of the topographical
map in metres.
Formula: Map distance × Map scale (1 × 2) = (2)
3.1.6 Calculate the average gradient between spot height 1416 in block B2 to spot 1266
in block C3 on the orthophoto map.
The map distance is 9.1 cm.
Formula:
Vertical Interval (VI)
———————————————
Horizontal Equivalence (HE)
(4 × 1) = (1)
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3.2 MAP INTERPRETATION
3.2.1 The area covered by the orthophoto is … since the contour lines are generally …
(i) steep
(ii) gradual
(iii) closer to one another
(iv) far apart
A. (i) and (iii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (i) and (iv)
D. (ii) and (iv)
(1 × 1) = (1)
3.2.2 Explain how the sea breeze from the Klein Maricopoort Dam in block B5 of the
topographical map influences the weather of Carnation during the day. (1 × 2) = (2)
3.2.3 Refer to the drainage basin of Doornrivier in block A3 and A4. The drainage area receives
relatively (less/more) annual rainfall. (1 × 1) = (1)
3.2.4 Give TWO reasons to support your answer in QUESTION 3.2.3. (2 × 2) = (4)
3.2.5 State ONE climatological reason for having “Garden of rest”, block C1, in the middle of a
residential area. (1 × 2) = (2)
3.2.6 The flow of Klein Maricopoort Dam in block B5 is northeasterly. Support the statement
with evidence from the topographical map. (1 × 2) = (2)
3.3 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
3.3.1 A collection of spatial data from a distance through satellites and aeroplanes is called
(data layering / remote sensing). (1 × 1) = (1)
3.3.2 Explain why it is much easier to collect the data mentioned in QUESTION 3.3.1?
(1 × 2) = (2)
3.3.3 The orthophoto as produced from the system in QUESTION 3.3.1 is an example
of (raster / vector) data. (1 × 1) = (1)
3.4 Refer to diggings in block D and answer the following questions
3.4.1 Diggings are a (natural / cultural) environmental challenge. (1 × 1) = (1)
3.4.2 Name ONE activity that leads to the challenge in QUESTION 3.4.1. (1 × 1) = (1)
3.4.3 Explain how diggings could be managed to stop their negative impact on the lives of the
people. (1 × 2) = (2)
TOTAL SECTION B:[ 30]
TOTAL: 150
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ROUGH WORK PAGE
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