Computer Networks 1

Client Server DHCP IP Allocation using Packet Tracer with Subnetting Addressing

Lab 8

Description

Using Packet Tracer to implement Client Server Network Using DHCP to allocate IP addresses to
Clients

Objective
After completing this lab:

1. Students should be able to setup a Client Server network using Packet Tracer
2. Students should use concepts learnt in Subnetting and apply it to Client Server networks.
3. Students should be to able to setup DHCP to allocate ip addresses automatically to PCs
4. Test connectivity using the ping command

Resources

Packet Tracer

Client Server Network

A client/server network uses a Network Operating system designed to manage the entire network from a
centralized point, which is the server. Clients make requests of the server, and the server responds with the
information or access to a resource.

Client/server networks have some definite advantages over peer-to-peer networks. For one thing, the network
is much more organized. It is easier to find files and resources because they are stored on the server. Also,
client/server networks generally have much tighter security. All usernames and passwords are stored in the
same database (on the server), and individual users can’t use the server as a workstation. Finally, client/server
networks have better performance and can scale almost infinitely. It is not uncommon to see client/server
networks with tens of thousands of workstations.
 Domain
Controller
Domain Controller is a Microsoft Windows Server that manages the domain security policy. Users and
computers that need to obtain access to network resources within the domain must be authenticated by a
domain controller in the domain.
 Domain Name System
DNS is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected
to the Internet or a private network. It associates various information with domain names assigned to each of
the participating entities. Most prominently, it translates more readily memorized domain names to the
numerical IP addresses needed for locating and identifying computer services and devices with the underlying
network protocols.
 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHCP is a network management protocol used on Internet Protocol (IP) networks, whereby a DHCP server
dynamically assigns an IP address and other network configuration parameters to each device on the network,
so they can communicate with other IP networks.A DHCP server enables computers to request IP addresses
and networking parameters automatically from the Internet service provider (ISP), reducing the need for a
network administrator or a user to manually assign IP addresses to all network devices.In the absence of a
DHCP server, a computer or other device on the network needs to be manually assigned an IP address, or to
assign itself an APIPA address, the latter of which will not enable it to communicate outside its local subnet.
DHCP can be implemented on networks ranging in size from home networks to large campus networks and
regional ISP networks.A router or a residential gateway can be enabled to act as a DHCP server. Most
residential network routers receive a globally unique IP address within the ISP network. Within a local
network, a DHCP server assigns a local IP address to each device connected to the network.
 DORA Process

Automatic Private IP Addressing

APIPA is a feature in operating systems (such as Windows) that enables computers to automatically self-
configure an IP address and subnet mask when their DHCP server isn’t reachable. The IP address range for
APIPA is 169.254.0.1-169.254.255.254, with the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.
When a DHCP client boots up, it looks for a DHCP server in order to obtain network parameters. If the client
can’t communicate with the DHCP server, it uses APIPA to configure itself with an IP address from the
APIPA range. This way, the host will still be able to communicate with other hosts on the local network
segment that are also configured for APIPA.
Videos :
Client Server Network
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMpJtc1ATLg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mjUqn7Uxz4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okhu5tYH0eI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h4WwY9USDY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gACk3AOs3_k

DHCP Server Packet Tracer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oj3nFRphDgw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eydKbWgA6f0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvhLInr2498
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2Z61gkYoFs

Domain Controller Sample

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3RKZ7VNVvo

Domain Name Service

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72snZctFFtA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkEYOt08-rU

Real World Client and DHCP Setup

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AynsBZ6b06c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AynsBZ6b06c

DHCP Setup and Works

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUK6d3s1Im4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e6-TaH5bkjo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_9Dg0QYJUg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dp2mFo3YSDY

DHCP DORA Process

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLc7mcHtHig

Reference :
https://ipwithease.com/understanding-dora-process-in-dhcp/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol
https://study-ccna.com/apipa-automatic-private-ip-addressing/
https://medium.com/@kamalapujhari84/client-server-network-examples-security-
advantages- and-disadvantages-57dd772e881d
https://networkencyclopedia.com/domain-controller/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System
http://www.firewall.cx/microsoft-knowledgebase/windows-2012/1048-windows-2012-active-
directory-installation.html
https://www.quora.com/What-is-DHCP-What-are-the-benefits-and-drawbacks-of- using-it
https://aws.amazon.com/route53/what-is-dns/

Activity
Using Packet Tracer to implement Client Server Network Using DHCP to allocate IP addresses from
Subneting IP Addressing

Step 1

1. Subnet given IP addressing 192.168.16.12/27 ,then populate Figure 1 below

2. Find number of Subnet ___________________

3. Find Host per Subnet _____________________

Subnet ID Subnet Address Valid Host Range Broadcast Address

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Figure 1

Step 2
Open packet tracer

Drag and drop all Devices

Figure 2

Step 3

Connect all devices as seen below

Figure 3

Step 4

Setup Router0 interface to allow interface connection

Click Router0 , click right arrow ,now click zoom click to right then turn off the Router0

Click the left arrow ,at top right ,Click NIM-2T drag it in the space

Now Click right then turn on the Router0 then close

Figure 4

Step 5

Repeat Step 4 for Router 1 interface for serial interface connection

Step 6

Connect Router0 and Router1

 Figure 5

Click the first Serial DCE to connect Router0 to Router1 seen below in Figure 6

Figure 6

Step 7

Using Subnet 1 from calculation table configure ip address ,subnet mask and gateway on PC0 and PC1 in
Figure 6 above

Step 8

Using Subnet 2 from calculation table configure ip address,subnet mask and gateway on PC2 and PC3 in
Figure 6 above

Step 9

Configure the Gi0/0/0 interface at Router0 using the gateway ip address of PC0 and PC1 from Subnet1

Click Router0 , then Config now scroll down to click GigabitEthernet/0/0/0

Go to the ip configuration on your right

Type ip address and subnet mask

Now click the On button top right then click x to exit

Step 10

Configure the Gi0/0/1 interface at Router0 using gateway ip address of PC2 and PC3 from Subnet2

Click Router0 , then Config now scroll down to click GigabitEthernet/0/0/1

Go to the ip configuration on your right

Type ip address and subnet mask

Now click the On button top right then click x to exit

Step 11

Configure Serial interface on Router0 using Subnet 3

Click Router0 , then Config now scroll down to click Serial /0/1/0

Go to the ip configuration on your right

Type ip address and subnet mask

Now click the On button top right then click x to exit

Step 12

Configure Serial interface on Router1 using Subnet 3

Click Router1 , then Config now scroll down to click Serial /0/1/0

Go to the ip configuration on your right

Type ip address and subnet mask

Now click the On button top right then click x to exit

Step 13

Using Subnet 4 from calculation table configure ip address ,subnet mask and gateway on Server0 in
Figure 6

Click Server0, Desktop

Type ip address, subnet mask and gateway

Step 14

Setting up DHCP ip allocation on Server0 for all PCs using Subnet 4

Click Services ,DHCP populate below then click add ,above at Services Click On to activate services

Pool Name :

Default Gateway :

Start IP address :

Subnet Mask :

Step 15

Configure the Gi0/0/0 interface at Router1 using the ip address gateway of Server0 from Subnet 4

Click Router1 , then Config now scroll down to click GigabitEthernet/0/0/0

Go to the ip configuration on your right

Type ip address and subnet mask

Now click the On button top right then click x to exit

Step 16

Configuration WAN across Router0 to Router1 using Routing Information Protocol “RIP”

Click Router 0 ,Config at Routing scroll down click RIP

At RIP Router at top right

At Network space across top right
Type Subnet 1 ip address ,Click Add
Type Subnet 2 ip address ,Click Add
Type Subnet 3 ip address, Click Add

Step 17

Configuration WAN across Router1 to Router0 using Routing Information Protocol “RIP”

Click Router 1 ,Config at Routing scroll down click RIP

At RIP Router at top right

At Network space across top right

Type Subnet 3 ip address ,Click Add

Type Subnet 4 ip address, Click Add

Step 18

DHCP ip allocation automatically from Server0 to PC4 and PC5

Click PC4 ,Desktop ,Ip Configuration

Click DHCP ,now the ip address will populate once configured right

Note: If DHCP failed APIPA a ip addresses from 169.254. 0.1 to 169.254. 255.254 range is used

Step 19

Test connectivity to all PCs respectively

Click PC0, Desktop ,Command Prompt

C:\> ping “PC1,PC2, PC3 and PC4 ip address

Repeat the process go on each PCs and ping each other PCs until all get connectivity

Sample Questions

1. What is a Client Server Network ?

________________________________________________________________

2. What is DHCP acronym mean ?

___________________________________________________________________

3. What is the DHCP DORA Process and acronym ?

___________________________________________________________________

3. What is APIPA and its acronym ?

__________________________________________

4. What are the ip address ranges of APIPA?

_________________________________________________________________

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Client Server Network vs to Peer to Peer
Network ?

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

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