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L-Carnitine
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L-Carnitine
L-Carnitine and its many forms
are useful in liver diseases, as
well depression, metabolic
health, and potentially many
other things. L-Carnitine is o!en
used for fat loss, but its
usefulness is questionable.
Our evidence-based analysis on l-carnitine features 355 unique
references to scientific papers.
Research analysis led by Kamal Patel
and reviewed by the Examine team.
Last Updated: Jan 13, 2022
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! Summary of L-Carnitine
Primary information, health benefits, side
e!ects, usage, and other important details
" How to Take
Recommended dosage, active amounts, other
details
# Human E!ect Matrix
Unlocked for Examine Members (ON SALE FOR OUR ANNIVERSARY!)
$ Study Deep Dives
% Frequently Asked Questions
and Articles on L-Carnitine
& Things to Note
$ Research Breakdown on L-
Carnitine
Structure and Sources
1
Origin and Composition
1.1
Sources and Structure
1.2
Biological Signi"cance
1.3
Recommended Intake
1.4
De"ciency
1.5
Formulations and Variants
1.6
Pharmacology
2
Absorption
2.1
Serum
2.2
Peripheral Distribution
2.3
Neurological Distribution
2.4
Cellular Kinetics
2.5
Metabolism
2.6
Elimination
2.7
Cytology
3
Non-supplemental Carnitine:
3.1
Bioenergetics
Non-Bioenergetic interactions
3.2
Cytology of Supplemental
3.3
Carnitine: Aging
Neurology
4
Cholinergic Neurotransmission
4.1
Serotonergic Neurotransmission
4.2
Adrenergic Neurotransmission
4.3
Dopaminergic Neurotransmission
4.4
GABAergic Neurotransmission
4.5
Bioenergetics
4.6
Memory and Learning
4.7
Attention
4.8
Neuroprotection
4.9
Cardiovascular Health
5
Red Blood Cells
5.1
Atherosclerosis
5.2
Blood Pressure
5.3
Blood Flow and Vasorelaxation
5.4
Aging
5.5
Secondary Prevention
5.6
Fat Mass and Obesity
6
Fat burning (Beta-oxidation)
6.1
Mechanisms and Interactions
6.2
with Fat burning
Fatty Acid Dumping
6.3
Interactions with Glucose
7
Metabolism
Insulin sensitivity and Glucose
7.1
Uptake
Carnitine and Insulin
7.2
Skeletal Muscle and Physical
8
Performance
Power Output
8.1
Soreness, Injury, and Recovery
8.2
Aerobic Exercise
8.3
Anaerobic Exercise
8.4
Interactions with Hormones
9
Androgens
9.1
Growth Hormone
9.2
Interactions with Fatigue
10
Fatigue in Healthy Humans and
10.1
Animals
Fatigue in other Disease States
10.2
Interactions with Cancer Metabolism
11
Adjuvant Therapy
11.1
Interactions with Aesthetics
12
Hair
12.1
Sexuality and Pregnancy
13
Seminal Properties
13.1
Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions
14
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
14.1
Choline
14.2
Soy Iso#avones
14.3
CoQ10
14.4
Alcohol
14.5
Ca!eine
14.6
DHEA
14.7
Safety and Toxicology
15
General
15.1
Click here to see all 355 references.
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