Engineering Mathematics – 3

(COMPS/IT/AIML/IOT/DS)
PYQ Solution – 2022 DEC

Funfact: In a room of just 23 people, there's a 50%

chance that two people share the same birthday! This
is known as the Birthday Paradox.
“Pure mathematics is, in its way, the
poetry of logical ideas.”
– Albert Einstein
 December – 2022
Question No: 1
√𝜋 1⁄ )
a) 𝐿 (𝑆𝑖𝑛 √𝑡) = 3 . 𝑒 −( 4𝑆
2 𝑠 ⁄2
cos √𝑡
𝐿( )=?
√𝑡

We know.
𝑑
𝐿 ( 𝑓(𝑡)) = −𝑓 (0) + 𝑠. 𝜙(𝑠)
𝑑𝑟

𝑑 1 cos √𝑡
𝑠𝑖𝑛√𝑡 = cos √𝑡 × =
𝑑𝑡 2√𝑡 2 √𝑡
𝑑 1 cos √𝑡
𝐿 ( sin √𝑡) = 𝐿( ) = −𝑓(0) + 𝑠 ∅ (𝑠)
𝑑𝑡 2 √𝑡
cos √𝑡
𝐿( ) = 2[−𝑓(0) + 𝑠∅ (𝑠)]
√𝑡

𝑓 (0) = sin √0 = 0

cos √𝑡 ̿
√𝜋 −1⁄
𝐿( ) = 2 [𝑠 × 3 . 𝑒 4𝑆 ]
√𝑡 2𝑠 ⁄2
√𝜋 −1⁄
= . 𝑒 4𝑆
√𝑠

cos √𝑡 ̿
𝜋 −1⁄
𝐿( ) = √𝑠 . 𝑒 4𝑆
√𝑡

b)
X 32 55 49 60 43 37 43 49 10 20
Y 40 30 70 20 30 50 72 60 45 25

Solution :

X Y 𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑑𝑖 = 𝑅1 − 𝑅2 𝑑2𝑖
32 40 8 6 2 4
55 30 2 7.5 -5.5 30.25
49 70 3.5 2 -1.5 2.25
60 20 1 10 -9 81
43 30 5.5 7.5 -2 4
37 50 7 4 3 9
43 72 5.5 1 4.5 20.25
49 60 3.5 3 0.5 0.25
10 45 10 5 5 25
20 25 9 9 0 0
Total 176

Here, 𝑚1 = 2, 𝑚2 = 2, 𝑚3 = 2

(𝑚13 − 𝑚1 ) (𝑚23 − 𝑚2 ) (𝑚33 − 𝑚3 )

6 [∑ 𝑑𝑖2 + + + ]
12 12 12
𝑅 =1−
(𝑁 3 − 𝑁)
23 −2 23 −2 23 −2
6[176+ + + ]
12 12 12
𝑅 =1−
103 −10

𝑅 = −0.0758

25−1
C) 𝐿−1 ( 2 )
5 +85+29

Step 01 : Adjust T.T. in Denominator:

1 2
T. T. = ( × 8) = 16
2

Adjusting :
𝑆 2 + 85 + 16 + 29 − 16
(𝑆 2 + 85 + 16) + 13
↓ ↓
(𝑆 + 4)2 + 13

Step 02 : Adjust Numerator:

Adj term= 2 × 4 = 8
2𝑠 − 1 = 2𝑠 + 8 − 1 − 8 = (2𝑠 + 8) − 9

Step 03 :
 (2𝑠+8)−9
𝐿−1 [(𝑠+4)2 ]
+13
2(𝑠+4) 9
𝐿−1 [ 2 − 2 ]
(𝑠+4)2 +(√13) (𝑠+4)2 +√13

Apply 1st shifting :

𝑠 1
2𝑒 −4𝑡 𝐿−1 [ 2 ] − 9𝑒 −4𝑡 𝐿−1 [ 2 ]
𝑠 2 +(√13) 𝑠 2 +(√13)

1
2𝑒 −4𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠√13 𝑡 − 9𝑒 −4𝑡 × sin √13 𝑡
√13
9
𝑒 −4𝑡 [2 𝑐𝑜𝑠√13𝑡 − sin √13 𝑡]
√13

d) 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = ( 9𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝑟𝑦 3 − 2𝑦 2 ) − 𝑖 (𝑝𝑥 3 − 4𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑥𝑦 2 )

Given :-
𝑓 (𝑧) is analytic, Hence it will satisfy
𝐶𝑅 − 𝑒𝑞 𝑛
𝑢𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 & 𝑢𝑦 = −𝑉𝑥

By comparing with 𝑓 (𝑧) = 𝑢 + 𝑖𝑣

𝑢 = 𝑞𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝑟𝑦 3 − 2𝑦 3 𝑣 = −𝑝𝑥 3 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑥𝑦 2

𝑢𝑥 = 2𝑞𝑥 + 4𝑥 𝑉𝑥 = 3𝑝𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 + 3𝑦 2
𝑢𝑦 = 3𝑟𝑦 2 𝑣𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 6𝑥𝑦

Using 1st Relation:

𝑢𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦
29𝑥 + 4𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 6𝑥𝑦
Compare Variable :
2𝑞𝑥 = 4𝑥
𝑞=2

Using 2nd Relation:

𝑢𝑦 = −𝑦𝑥
0𝑥 2 + 3𝑟𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 2 = 3𝑝𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 − 3𝑦 2
Compare Variable:
 0𝑥 2 = 3𝑝𝑥 2
𝑃=0

(3𝑟 − 6)𝑦 2 = 3𝑦 2
3𝑟 − 6 = −3 → r=1
∵ 𝑝 = 0, 𝑞 = 2, 𝑟 = 1

Question No: 2

𝑡−1 1<𝑡<2
3𝑡
a) 𝐿 (𝑒 . 𝑓(𝑡)), 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑓(𝑡) {3 − 𝑡 2<𝑡 <3
0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒

We know,
2 3 ∞
−𝑠𝑡 −𝑠𝑡
𝐿 [𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) ] = ∫ 𝑒 𝑓1 (𝑡)𝑑𝑡 + ∫ 𝑒 𝑓2 (𝑡)𝑑𝑡 + ∫ 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 𝑓3 (𝑡)𝑑𝑡
1 2 3
2 3 ∞
= ∫ 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 (𝑡 − 1) + ∫ 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 (3 − 𝑡) + ∫ 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 (0)
1 2 3
2 3 −𝑠𝑡
𝐿 (𝑓(𝑡)) = ∫1 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 (𝑡 − 1) + ∫2 𝑒 (3 − 𝑡)

Let,
𝐿 𝑓 (𝑡) = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2

2 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 (𝑡−1)
𝐿1 = ∫1 𝑣 𝑢
𝑢 =𝑡−1 𝑣 = 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
1 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
𝑢 =1 𝑣1 =
−𝑠
𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
𝑣2 =
𝑠2
𝐵𝑦 𝐿𝑒𝑏𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑧 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 :
∫ 𝑢. 𝑣 ∶ 𝑢𝑣1 − 𝑢′ 𝑦2 + 𝑢′′ 𝑣3

2
2 −𝑠𝑡 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 (1)𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
∫1 𝑒 (𝑡 − 1) = [(𝑡 − 1). − ]
−𝑠 𝑠2 1
𝑒 −25 𝑒 −25 𝑒 −𝑠 𝑒 −𝑠
= [ ( 2 − 1) . − ] − [ ( 1 − 1) . − ]
−𝑠 𝑠2 −𝑠 𝑠2
 𝑒 −25 𝑒 −25 𝑒 −𝑠
= − +
𝑠 𝑠2 𝑠2
𝑒 −𝑠 1 𝑒 −𝑠 𝑒 −𝑠 1−𝑒 −5
= [ − 𝑒 −𝑠 − ]= [ − 𝑒 −𝑠 ]
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠

3 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 (3−𝑡)𝑑𝑡
𝐿2 = ∫2 𝑣 𝑢

𝑢 =3−𝑡 𝑣 = 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
1 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
𝑢 = −1 𝑣1 =
−𝑠
𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
𝑣2 =
𝑠2
𝐵𝑦 𝐿𝑒𝑖𝑏𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑧 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎
3
3 −𝑠𝑡 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
∫2 𝑒 (3 − 𝑡) = [(3 − 𝑡). − ]
−𝑠 𝑠2 2
𝑒 −35 𝑒 −35 𝑒 −25 𝑒 −25
= [ ( 3 − 3) + ] − [ ( 3 − 2) + ]
−𝑠 𝑠2 −𝑠 𝑠2
𝑒 −35 𝑒 −25 𝑒 −25
= − +
𝑠2 𝑠 𝑠2
𝑒 −25 𝑒 −𝑠 𝑐
= [ +1− ]
𝑠 𝑠 5
𝑒 −2𝑠 𝑒 −5 −1
= [ + 1]
𝑠 𝑠

Now Put values,

𝑒 −𝑠 1−𝑒 −𝑠 −𝑠 𝑒 −25 𝑒 −𝑠 −1
𝐿 𝑓 (𝑡) = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2 = [ − 𝑒 ]+ [ + 1]
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠

We Need to find;
𝐿[𝑒 3𝑡 𝑓(𝑡)]
Use 1st Shifting:
3𝑡
𝑒 −(𝑠−3) 1 − 𝑒 −(𝑠−3) −(𝑠−3)
𝑒 −2(𝑠−3) 𝑒 −(𝑠−3) − 1
𝐿[𝑒 𝑓(𝑡)] = [ −𝑒 ]+ [ + 1]
(𝑠 − 3) (𝑠 − 3) (𝑠 − 3) (𝑠 − 3)

b) Two unbiased dice thrown.

(1,1)(1,2)…..
𝑠 = {−−−−−−
(6, 6)}
𝑛(𝑠) = 36
 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟.
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
𝑥 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

1) Probability distribution:

X 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
P(X) 1⁄36 2/36 3/36 4/36 5/36 6/36 5/36 4/36 3/36 2/36 1/36

2) Mean = 𝐸 (𝑥 ) = ∑ 𝑝𝑖𝑥𝑖

2.1 3.2 4.3 5.4 6.5 6 8.5 9.4

𝐸 (𝑥 ) = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + 7 ( ) + ( ) + ( ) +
36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36
10.3 11.2 12.1
( 36 ) + ( 36 ) + ( 36 )

= 2 + 6 +12 + 20 +30 +42 +40 +36 +30 +22 +12

36
252
=
36
𝐸 (𝑥 ) = 7

3) Standard Deviation:

S D = √𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Variance = 𝐸 (𝑥 2 ) − [𝐸(𝑥)]2

𝐸 (𝑥 2 ) − ∑ 𝑝. 𝑥 2
 1 2 3 4 5 6
= 4 ( ) + 9 ( ) + 16 ( ) + 25 ( ) + 36 ( ) + 49 ( ) +
36 36 36 36 36 36
5 4 3 2 1
64 ( ) + 81 ( ) + 100 ( ) + 121 ( ) + 144 ( )
36 36 36 36 36

= 4+ 18 + 48 +100 + 180 + 294 + 320 + 324 + 300 + 242+ 144

36
= 54.83

Variance = 54.83 − (7)2

= 5.833
So,
S. D = √𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 2. 415

4) 𝑃(|𝑋 − 71| ≥, 3)
𝑃(|𝑋 − 71| ≥, 3) = 1 − 𝑝(|𝑋 − 71| < 3)
24
=1−
36
8
=
36
1
=
4

c) F (x) = x sin x (0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2 ⌅)

We know :
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎0 + ∑∞ ∞
ͷ=1 𝑎𝑛 cos(𝑛𝑥 ) + ∑ͷ=1 𝑏𝑛 sin 𝑛𝑥

1 2⌅
𝑎0 =
2⌅
∫0 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥

1 2⌅
= ∫0 𝑥 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2⌅
𝑢=𝑥 𝑣 = sin 𝑥
𝑢1 = 1 𝑣1 = − cos 𝑥
𝑣2 = − sin 𝑥
By Leibnitz Formula.
1 2⌅
𝑎0 = = [−𝑥 𝑠𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 ] 0
2⌅
1
= [(−2 ⌅ cos 2 ⌅ + sin 2 ⌅)] − (𝑜 cos 𝑜 + sin 𝑜)
2⌅
1
𝑎0 = × −2 ⌅= −1
2⌅
∴ 𝑎0 = −1

1 2⌅
𝑎𝑛 = ∫0 𝑓(𝑥 ). cos(𝑢𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
⌅
1 2⌅
= ∫0 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 . cos (𝑛𝑥)
⌅

1
𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐴 − cos 𝐵 = [sin(𝐴 + 𝐵) + sin(𝐴 − 𝐵)]
2
1
sin 𝑥. cos(𝑛𝑥 ) = [sin(𝑥 + 𝑛𝑥 ) + sin(𝑥 − 𝑛𝑥)]
2
1
= [sin(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 + sin(1 − 𝑛)𝑥 ]
2

1 2⌅ 1
𝑎𝑛 =
⌅
∫0 𝑥. 2 [sin(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 + sin (1 − 𝑛)𝑥 ] 𝑑𝑥

2⌅ 2⌅
1
𝑎𝑛 = [∫ 𝑥. sin(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥. sin(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 𝑑𝑥]
2⌅ 0 0

Let
2⌅
𝐼1 = ∫0 𝑥 sin(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 𝑢=𝑥 𝑣1 = sin(1 + 𝑛) 𝑥
− cos(1+𝑛)𝑥
𝑢1 = 1 𝑣1 =
(1+𝑛)
− sin(1+𝑛)𝑥
𝑣2 =
(1+𝑛)2
−𝑥 cos (1+𝑛)𝑥 sin (1+𝑛)𝑥 2⌅
= [ + ]
(1+𝑛) (1+𝑛)2 0

−2⌅cos(1+𝑛)2⌅
=[ + 0] − [0 + 0]
(1+𝑛)
−2⌅
𝐼1 =
(1+𝑛)
 Let,
2⌅
𝐼2 = ∫0 𝑥 sin(1 − 𝑛)𝑥 𝑢=𝑥 𝑣 = sin(1 − 𝑛) 𝑥
− cos(1−𝑛)𝑥
𝑢1 = 1 𝑣1 =
(1−𝑛)
− sin(1−𝑛)𝑥
𝑣2 =
(1−𝑛)2

−𝑥 cos (1−𝑛)𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(1−𝑛)𝑥 2⌅

=[ + ]
(1−𝑛) (1−𝑛)2 0
−2⌅cos(1−𝑛)2⌅
=[ + 0] − [0 + 0]
(1−𝑛)
−2⌅
𝐼2 =
(1−𝑛)

Put Values,

1 1 −2 ⌅ 2⌅ 2⌅ 1 1
𝑎𝑛 = [𝐼1 + 𝐼2 ] − [ − ]= [ + ]
2⌅ 2 ⌅ (1 + 𝑛 ) (1 − 𝑛 ) 2⌅ 1+𝑛 1−𝑛
1−𝑛+1+𝑛 2
𝑎𝑛 = − [ ]=
1−𝑛2 𝑛2 −1
Now,
1 2⌅
𝑏𝑛 =
⌅
∫0 𝑓 (𝑥) sin(𝑛𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥

1 2⌅
𝑏𝑛 =
⌅
∫0 𝑥 sin 𝑥 − sin(𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥

1
sin 𝐴. 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐵 = [cos(𝐴 + 𝐵) − cos(𝐴 − 𝐵)]
2
1
sin 𝑥. sin 𝑛𝑥 = − [cos(𝑥 + 𝑛𝑥 ) − cos (𝑥 − 𝑛𝑥)]
2
1
= [cos(1 − 𝑛)𝑥 − cos (1 + 𝑛)𝑥 ]
2
1 2𝜋 1 2⌅ 2⌅
𝑏𝑛 = ∫0 𝑥 sin 𝑥. 𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑥 = [∫0 𝑥 cos(1 − 𝑛)𝑥 − ∫0 𝑥 cos(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 ]
⌅ 2⌅

Let,
2𝜋
𝐼1 = ∫0 𝑥 cos(1 − 𝑛)𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑢=𝑥 𝑣 = cos(1 − 𝑛) 𝑥
sin(1−𝑛)𝑥
𝑢1 = 1 𝑣1 =
(1−𝑛)
 − cos(1−𝑛)𝑥
𝑣2 = (1−𝑛)2
𝑥 sin (1−𝑛)𝑥 cos (1−𝑛)𝑥 2⌅
𝐼1 = = [ + ]
(1−𝑛) (1−𝑛)2 0
cos(1−𝑛)2⌅ 1
= [0 + ] − [0 + ]
(1−𝑛)2 (1−𝑛)2
1 1
= (1−𝑛)2
− (1−𝑛)2 = 0

Let,
2⌅
𝐼2 = ∫0 𝑥 cos(1 + 𝑛)𝑥

𝑢=𝑥 𝑣 = cos(1 + 𝑛) 𝑥
sin(1+𝑛)𝑥
𝑢1 = 1 𝑣1 =
(1+𝑛)
− cos(1+𝑛)𝑥
𝑣2 = (1+𝑛)2
𝑥 sin(1+𝑛)𝑥 cos (1+𝑛)𝑥 2⌅
=[ + ]
(1+𝑛) (1+𝑛)2 0
1 1
= [0 + (1+𝑛)2 ] − [0 + (1+𝑛)2] = 0
1
𝑏𝑛 = [𝐼1 + 𝐼2 ]
2𝜋
1
= [𝐼1 + 𝐼2 ]
2𝜋
1
= [0 + 0 ]
2𝜋
𝑏𝑛 = 0

So,
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎0 + ∑∞ ∞
𝑛=1 𝑎𝑛 cos(𝑛𝑥 ) + ∑𝑛=1 𝑏𝑛 sin(𝑢𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
2
= −1 + ∑∞𝑛=1 2 cos 𝑛𝑥 + ∑∞𝑛=1 0 sin(𝑛𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑛 −1

∵ 𝐹𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 :
cos(𝑛𝑥)
𝑥 sin 𝑥 = −1 + 2 ∑∞
𝑛=1 (𝑛2 −1)

Question No: 3

𝑥−𝑦
a) 𝑓 (𝑧) = 𝑒 𝑥 (cos 𝑦 + sin 𝑦) + = 𝑢+𝑣
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2
We Know :
 𝑓 (𝑧) = 𝑢 + 𝑖𝑣
𝑖𝑓 (𝑧) = 𝑢𝑖 − 𝑣
𝑓 (𝑧) + 𝑖𝑓 (𝑧) = 𝑢 + 𝑖𝑣 + 𝑢𝑖 − 𝑣
(1 + 𝑖 )𝑓(𝑧) = (𝑢 − 𝑣) + 𝑖(𝑢 + 𝑣)

𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠,
𝐿𝑒𝑡
𝑥−𝑦
𝑢 + 𝑣 = 𝑉 = 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑦 +
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2

𝑺𝒕𝒆𝒑 𝟎𝟏:
𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝑥 & 𝑉𝑦
(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 ) (1)−(𝑥−𝑦)(2𝑥)
𝑉𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 −2𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝑦
= 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2

𝑦 2 −𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝑦
= 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )(−1)−(𝑥−𝑦)(𝑥𝑦)
𝑉𝑦 = −𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2 −2𝑥𝑦+2𝑦 2
= −𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
𝑦 2 −𝑥 2 −2𝑥𝑦
= 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2

𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒑 𝟎𝟐 ∶
𝑓 (𝑧) = 𝑢𝑥 + 𝑖𝑣𝑥

(1 + 𝑖 ) 𝑓 ′ (𝑧) = 𝑣𝑦 + 𝑖𝑣𝑥
𝑦 2 −𝑥 2 −2𝑥𝑦
∴ (1 + 𝑖 )𝑓(𝑧) = −𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
+ 𝑖 [𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 +
𝑦 2 −𝑥 2 −2𝑥𝑦
𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
]

Step 03 : Put 𝑥 = 𝑧, 𝑦 = 0
0+𝑒 𝑧 +0−𝑧 2 −0 𝑒 𝑧 +0+0−𝑧 2 −0
(1 + 𝑖 ) 𝑓 1 (𝑧 ) = ( )+𝑖 ( )
(𝑧 2 +0)2 (𝑧 2 +0)2
𝑧 2 𝑧 2
(1 + 𝑖 ) 𝑓 1 (𝑧) = (𝑒 𝑧 − 4) + 𝑖 (𝑒 𝑧 − 4)
𝑧 𝑧
1 1 1
(1 + 𝑖 ) 𝑓 1 (𝑧) = (𝑒 𝑧 − 2) + 𝑖 (𝑒 𝑧 − 2) = (𝑒 𝑧 − 2) (1 + 𝑖)
𝑧 𝑧 𝑧
 1
𝑓 1 (𝑧 ) = 𝑒 𝑧 −
𝑧2

𝑺𝒕𝒆𝒑 𝟎𝟒 ∶ 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ∫ 𝑓 1 (𝑧) 𝑑𝑧

1
= 𝑒 𝑧 − 2 𝑑𝑧
𝑧
So,
2
𝑓 (𝑧 ) = 𝑒 𝑧 +
𝑧3

b)
(𝑠+3)2
𝐿−1 (𝑠 2 +6𝑠+5)2

−1 (𝑠+3)2 −3𝑡. −1 𝑠2
𝐿 [(𝑠+3)2 −22 ]2
= 𝑒 𝐿 (𝑠 2 −22 )2

𝑠2
We find 𝐿−1 (𝑠2 by convolution theorem.
−22 )2
𝑠2 𝑠2
Let 𝜙1 (𝑠) = , 𝜙2 ( 𝑠 ) =
𝑠 2 −22 𝑠 2 −22

∴ 𝐿−1 𝜙1 (𝑠) = cos ℎ 2 𝑢, 𝐿−1 𝜙2 (𝑠) = cos ℎ 2 𝑢,

1
∴ 𝐿−1 [𝜙(𝑠)] = ∫0 cos ℎ 2𝑢. cos ℎ 2 (𝑡 − 𝑢)𝑑𝑢
1 1
= ∫ cos ℎ 2𝑡 + cos ℎ 2 (2𝑢 − 𝑡)𝑑𝑢
2 0
1 sin ℎ 2(2𝑢 − 𝑡) 𝑡
= [𝑢 cos ℎ 2𝑡 + ]
2 4 0
1 1 1
= [𝑡 cos ℎ2𝑡 + sin ℎ 2𝑡 + sin ℎ 2𝑡]
2 4 4
1
= [𝑡 cos ℎ 2𝑡 + sin ℎ 2𝑡]
2

(𝑠+3)2 1
∴ 𝐿−1 (𝑠 2 +6𝑠+5)2
= 𝑒 −3𝑡 [2𝑡 cosh 2𝑡 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2𝑡]
4

c) Fit parabola → 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥
∑ 𝑦 = 𝑛𝑎 + 𝑏 ∑ 𝑥 + 𝑐 ∑ 𝑥 2 … … … … … … … (1)
∑ 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑎 ∑ 𝑥 + 𝑏 ∑ 𝑥 2 + 𝑐 ∑ 𝑥 3 … … … … … … … (2)
∑ 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑎 ∑ 𝑥 2 + 𝑏 ∑ 𝑥 3 + 𝑐 ∑ 𝑥 4 … … … … … … … (3)

X y xy 𝑥2 𝑥 2𝑦 𝑥3 𝑥4
1 2 2 1 2 1 1
2 6 12 4 24 8 16
3 7 21 9 63 27 81
4 8 32 16 128 64 256
5 10 50 25 250 125 625
6 11 66 36 396 216 1296
7 11 77 49 539 343 2401
8 10 80 64 640 512 4096
9 9 81 81 729 729 6561

𝑛=9 ∑ 𝑥 2 = 285
∑ 𝑥 = 45 ∑ 𝑥 2 𝑦 = 2771
∑ 𝑦 = 74 ∑ 𝑥 3 = 2025
∑ 𝑥 = 421 ∑ 𝑥 4 = 15330

Putting values into eq. (1), (2) ← (3)& 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔.

74 = 9 a +45 b + 285 c …………(1)
421 = 45a + 285 b + 2025 c ……….(2)
2771 = 285 a+ 2025 b+ 15330 c …………(3)

a = -0.97, b = 3.5, c = -0.269

y = -0.97+ 3.5x+ 0.269𝑥 2

Put 𝑥 = 10
𝑦 = −0.97 + 3.5(10) − 0.269(10)2
𝑐𝑥 = 10
𝑦 = 7.13
 Question No: 4

a)

We have ,
1
𝐿[𝑓(𝑡)] = = ∅(𝑠)
𝑠√𝑠+1

𝐵𝑦 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑂𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟
1 1
𝐿𝑓 (3𝑡) = ×
3 𝑠 𝑠
( )√ +1
3 3
1 3×√3
= ×
3 𝑠√𝑠+3
√3
𝐿𝑓 (3𝑡) =
𝑠√𝑠+3

Now,
𝑑 √3
𝐿[𝑡. 𝑓(3𝑡)] =
𝑑𝑠 𝑠√𝑠+3
−1 𝑑
= −√3 [ . 𝑠. √𝑠 + 3 ]
𝑠 2 (𝑠+3) 𝑑𝑠
√3 𝑠×1
= [ + √𝑠 + 3]
𝑠 2 (𝑠+3) 2√𝑠+3
√3 𝑠
= [ + √𝑠 + 3]
𝑠 2 (𝑠+3) 2√𝑠+3
√3 𝑠 + 2(𝑠 + 3) √3 35 + 6
= [ ] = [ ]
𝑠 2 (𝑠 + 3) 2 √𝑠 + 3 𝑠 2 (𝑠 + 3) 2√𝑠 + 3
𝑁𝑜𝑤,
𝐿 [𝑒 −1/2 𝑡. 𝑓 (3𝑡)] → By 1st shifting.

−1/2 √3 3(𝑠+1⁄2)+6
𝐿 [𝑒 𝑡. 𝑓 (3𝑡)] = [ ]
(𝑠+1⁄2)2 (𝑠+1⁄2+3)
2√𝑠+1⁄2+3

√3 3(𝑠+1⁄2)+6
= [ ]
(𝑠+1⁄2)2 (𝑠+7⁄2)
2√𝑠+7⁄2
 b) Half Range sine series.
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 0<𝑥<1

We know,
2 𝑙 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑏𝑛 =
𝑙
∫0 (𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝑙
) → [𝑙 = 1 − 0 = 1]

𝑙
𝑏𝑛 = 2 ∫ (𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) sin(𝑛𝜋𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 𝑢 = 𝑥 − 𝑥2 𝑣 = sin (𝑛𝜋𝑥)
0
−cos (𝑛𝜋𝑥)
𝑢′ = 1 − 2𝑥 𝑣1 =
𝑛𝜋
−sin (𝑛𝜋𝑥)
𝑢′′ = −2 𝑣2 =
𝑛2 𝜋 2
−cos (𝑛𝜋𝑥)
𝑣3 =
𝑛3 𝜋 3

cos(𝑛𝜋𝑥) (1−2𝑥) sin(𝑛𝜋𝑥) 2 cos(𝑛𝜋𝑥) 1

∴ 𝑏𝑛 = 2 [−(𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) + − ]
𝑛𝜋 𝑛2 𝜋 2 𝑛3 𝜋 3 0
2(−1) 𝑛 2
= 2 [(0 + 0 − ) − (0 + 0 − 𝑛3 𝜋3 ) ]
𝑛3 𝜋 3
−2(−1)𝑛 2
= 2[ + ]
𝑛3 𝜋 3 𝑛3 𝜋 3
4
𝑏𝑛 = [1 − (−1)𝑛 ]
𝑛3 𝜋 3

Half Range Sine Series is,

𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ∑∞
𝑛=1 𝑏𝑛 sin ( )
𝑙
4 sin (𝑛𝜋𝑥)
𝑥 − 𝑥2 = ∑∞
𝑛=1 [(1 − (−1)𝑛 ]
𝜋3 𝑛3

To Deduce put,

𝑥 = 1⁄2
1 1 4 [(1−(−1)𝑛 ]
− = ∑∞
𝑛=1
2 4 ⌅3 𝑛3
 ⌅3 2 2 2
= + + + ⋯ … ..
16 13 33 53
⌅3 1 1 1
= 3
+ 3
+ + ⋯ … ..
32 1 3 53

c) Given lines : 6𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 90
15𝑥 = 8𝑦 + 130
𝜎𝑥 2 = 16
We know :
−5𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 90 ………….(1)
15𝑥 − 8𝑦 = 130 … … … (2)
Solving two eg. ( 1 ) & (2)
−15 + 18𝑦 = 270
+ 15𝑥 − 8𝑦 = 130
10𝑦 = 400
𝑦̅ = 100
Put 𝑦̅ into eq (1)
a) 𝑦̅ = 100
b) 𝑥̅ = 102

Given, 𝜎𝑥 2 = 16, 𝜎𝑥 = 4

The Equation of ‘𝑦’ 𝑜𝑛 𝑥

6𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 90
5 90
𝑦= 𝑥+
6 6

5
𝑏𝑦𝑥 =
6

The Equation of ‘𝑥’ 𝑜𝑛 𝑦

 15𝑥 = 8𝑦 + 130
8 130
𝑥= 𝑦+
15 15

8
𝑏𝑥𝑦 =
15

c) We Know:
𝜎𝑦
𝑏𝑦𝑥 = 𝑟.
𝜎𝑥

∴ 𝑟 = √𝜎𝑦𝑥. 𝜎𝑥𝑦

5 8 2
𝑟= √ × =
6 15 3

𝑏𝑦𝑥. 𝜎𝑥
∴ 𝜎𝑦 =
𝑟
5
×4 20/6
6
= 2 =
2/3
3

60
=
12

𝜎𝑦 = 5
d) Angle bel Regression lives.
1−𝑟 2 𝜎𝑥. 𝜎𝑦
tan 𝜃 = ( ) .( )
𝑟 𝜎𝑥2 + 𝜎𝑦 2
1−4
9 4×5
=( ) . (16+25)
2/3
5 20 50
= × =
36 41 123
−1 50
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (123)
𝜃 = 22.12°
 Question No: 5
a)
𝑎2
Sol. : ∵ 𝑢 = (𝑟 + ) cos 𝜃.
𝑟

𝜕𝑢 𝑎2 𝜕2 𝑢 2𝑎2
∴ = (1 − 2 ) cos 𝜃, = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝜕𝑟 𝑟 𝜕𝑟 2 𝑟3

𝜕𝑢 𝑎2 𝜕2 𝑢 𝑎2
= − (𝑟 + ) sin 𝜃, = − (𝑟 + ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝜕𝜃 𝑟 𝜕𝜃2 𝑟

𝜕2 𝑢 1 𝜕𝑢 1 𝜕2 𝑢 2𝑎2 1 𝑎2 1 𝑎2
∴ 2
+ + = cos 𝜃 + . (1 − 2 ) cos 𝜃 − (𝑟 + ) cos 𝜃
𝜕𝑟 𝑟 𝜕𝑟 𝑟 2 𝜕𝜃2 𝑟3 𝑟 𝑟 𝑟2 𝑟

∴ Laplace’s equation is satisfied.

1 𝜕𝑢 1 𝜕𝑣
By Cauchy- Riemann equations in polar form 𝑢𝑟 = 𝑣𝜃 ∴ = .
𝑟 𝜕𝑟 𝑟 𝜕𝜃
𝑎2 1 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣 𝑎2
∴ (1 − 2 ) cos 𝜃 = . ∴ = (𝑟 − ) cos 𝜃
𝑟 𝑟 𝜕𝜃 𝜕𝜃 𝑟

𝑎2
Integrating w.r.t. 𝜃, 𝑣 = (𝑟 − ) sin 𝜃 + 𝑐.
𝑟

𝑎2 𝑎2
Hence, f (z) =u + iv= (𝑟 + ) cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 (𝑟 − ) sin 𝜃 + 𝑐
𝑟 𝑟

𝑎2 𝑎2
= 𝑟 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃) + (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑖 sin 𝜃) + 𝑐 = 𝑧 + + 𝑐
𝑟 𝑧
Alternatively we can express u in terms of x and y and use cartesian form of
Laplace’s equation. However, it may be noted that this method is rather
tedious.

b)
Given : coin is tossed ‘3’ times.
𝑠 = {𝐻𝐻𝐻, 𝐻𝐻𝑇, 𝐻𝑇𝑀, 𝑇𝐻𝐻, 𝑇𝑇𝑇, 𝑇𝑇𝐻, 𝑇𝑀𝑇, 𝐻𝑇𝑇}
𝑥 = 𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠 & 𝑇𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑠.
x 0 1 2 3
P(x) 0 6/8 0 2/8
we know,
1) 1st method abt origin = 𝜇′ 𝑟 = 𝐸(𝑥)𝑟
𝜇′1 = 𝐸(𝑥) = 𝑧𝑥𝑝(𝑥)
6 6
=0+ +0+
8 8

12 3
= =
8 2

2) 2nd method abt mean = variance.

Var = ∑ 𝑥 2 𝑃 (𝑥 ) − 𝐸(𝑥)2
6 18 9
=( + )−4
8 8
24 9
= −
8 4
6
=
8
3
𝑣𝑎𝑟 =
4

3) Moment qeveralty funck.

𝑀(𝑡) = 𝐸 (𝑒 𝑡𝑥 ) = ∑ 𝑒 𝑡𝑥 . 𝑝(𝑥 = 𝑥)
6 2
𝑀(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑜𝑡 . 0 + 𝑒 𝑡 . + 𝑒 2𝑡 . 0 + 𝑒 3𝑡 .
8 8
6𝑒 𝑡 2𝑒 3𝑡
= +
8 8
1𝑒 𝑡
= (3 + 𝑒 2𝑡 )
4
𝑒𝑡
𝑀 (𝑡 ) = (3 + 𝑒 2𝑡 )
4

c)
∞ 𝑡
Evaluate ∫0 𝑒 −2𝑡 {cosh 𝑡 ∫0 𝑢2 sin ℎ𝑢 − cos ℎ𝑢 𝑑𝑢} 𝑑𝑡

we know :
1
𝐿 (sin ℎ𝑢. cos ℎ𝑢) = 𝐿 ( sin ℎ(2𝑢)) … . sin ℎ (𝐴). cos ℎ(𝐵) 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎.
2
1
= 𝐿 (sin ℎ 2𝑢)
2
 1 2 2
= [ ]=
2 𝑠 2 −4 𝑠 2 −4

𝑑2 1
𝐿(𝑢2 sin ℎ 𝑢 − cos 𝑢) = (𝑠2−4)
𝑑𝑠 2

𝑑 −1
= [ × 2𝑠]
𝑑𝑠 (𝑠 2 − 4)2
𝑑 −25
= [(𝑠2 ]
𝑑𝑠 −4)2

𝑑 6
= −2 ((𝑠2−4)2)
𝑑𝑠

(𝑠 2 − 4)2 (1) − 2 (𝑠 2 − 4). 2𝑠 × 𝑠

= −2 [ ]
(𝑠 2 − 4)4
(𝑠 2 − 4) − 4𝑠 2 (𝑠 2 − 4)
= −2 [ ]
(𝑠 2 − 4)4
−2(1 − 4𝑠 2 )
=
( 𝑠 2 − 4) 3
1 −2 (1−4𝑠 2 )
𝐿 [∫0 𝑢2 sin ℎ𝑢 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑢] =
𝑠 (𝑠 2 −4)3

𝑒 𝑡 −𝑒 −𝑡
We Know; Cosh(t) =
2
∞ 𝑒 𝑡 −𝑒 −𝑡 𝑡
∫0 𝑒 −2𝑡 . ( 2
) 𝑥 (∫0 𝑢2 sin ℎ𝑢. cos ℎ𝑢) 𝑑𝑢

Let,
𝑢2 sin ℎ𝑢. cos ℎ𝑢 = A
∞ 𝑒 −𝑡−𝑒 −3𝑡 1 ∞ ∞
∫0 ∝ 𝐴= [ ∫0
𝑒 −𝑡 . 𝐴 − ∫0 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝐴]
2 2
∞ −𝑡 𝑡 −2 (1−4𝑠 2 )
∫0 𝑒 . ∫0 𝑢2 sin ℎ𝑢. 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑢 𝑑𝑢. 𝑑𝑡 = (𝑠 2 −4)3
5

𝑠 = 1, 𝑃𝑢𝑡 𝑠 = 1
∞ −2 (1−4) −2×−3 −2
∫0 𝑒 −𝑡 . 𝐴 = 1(1−4)3
=
(−3)×9
=
9
 ∞ 𝑡 −2 (1−4𝑠 2 )
∫0 𝑒 −3𝑡 . ∫0 𝑢2 sin ℎ𝑢. 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑢 𝑑𝑢. 𝑑𝑡 = (𝑠 2 −4)3
5

𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑠 = 3
∞ −2 (1−36) −2 −35 14
∫0 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝐴 = 3 (9−4)3
=
3
×
125
=
75

∞ −3𝑡 𝑡 −2 (1−4𝑠 2 )
∫0 𝑒 . ∫0 𝑢2 sin ℎ𝑢. 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑢 𝑑𝑢. 𝑑𝑡 = (𝑠 2 −4)3
5

∞ 𝑒 −𝑡 −𝑒 −3𝑡 1 ∞ ∞
∫0 2
∝ 𝐴= [∫ 𝑒 −𝑡 . 𝐴 − ∫0 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝐴]
2 0
1 −2 −14
= [ ]
2 9 75
1 −150−126
= [ ]
2 9×75
−138
=
675
Question No: 6
a)
1
𝐿−1 [ ]
(𝑠−2)4 (𝑠+3)

By portal fraction :
1 𝐴 𝐵 𝑐 𝐷 𝐸
4 (𝑠+3)
= + 2
+ 3
+ 4
+
(𝑠−4) (𝑠−2) (𝑠−2) (𝑠−2) (𝑠−2) (𝑠+3)

Taking Lcm
1 𝐴 (𝑠−2)3 +𝐵(𝑠−2)2 +𝐶 (𝑠−2)+𝐷+𝐸
4 (𝑠+3)
=
(𝑠−2) (𝑠−2)4 (𝑠+3)

1 = 𝐴(𝑠 − 2)3 (𝑠 + 3) + 𝐵(𝑠 − 2)2 (𝑠 + 3) + 𝐶 (𝑠 − 2)(𝑠 + 3) + 𝐷(𝑠 + 3) +

𝐸(𝑠 − 2)4
Put s = 2
1
𝐷=
5

Put s= 3
1
𝐸=
625

Now, By comparing co-off

𝐴𝑠 4 + 𝐸𝑠 4 = 𝑜𝑠 4
−1
𝐴=
625

(3𝐴 − 6𝐴 + 𝐵 − 8𝐹 )𝑠 3 = 𝑜𝑠 3
1
𝐵=
125

−24𝐴 + 12𝐵 − 6𝐶 + 3𝐷 + 16𝐹 = 1

−1
𝑐=
25
1 −1/625 1/125 1/25 1/5 1/625
𝐿−1 [ ] = 𝐿−1 [ + − + + ]
(𝑠−2)4 (𝑠+3) (𝑠−2) (𝑠−2)2 (𝑠−2)3 (𝑠−2)4 (𝑠+3)
−1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
𝐿−1 ( ) + 125 𝐿−1 ((𝑠−2)2) − 25 𝐿−1 ((𝑠−2)3) + 5 𝐿−1 ((𝑠−2)4) +
625 𝑠−2
1 1
𝐿−1 ( )
625 𝑠+3

By first shifting
−1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
𝑒 2𝑡 𝐿−1 (𝑠 ) + 125 𝑒 2𝑡 (𝑠2 ) − 25 𝑒 2𝑡 (𝑠3 ) + 5 𝑒 2𝑡 (𝑠4 ) + 625 𝑒 −3𝑡
625

−𝑒 2𝑡 𝑒 2𝑡 𝑡 𝑒 2𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑒 2𝑡 𝑡 3 1 −3𝑡
+ − + . + 𝑒
625 125 !! 25 2! 5 3! 625
−1 1 2𝑡 −1 𝑡 𝑡2 𝑡3 𝑒 −3𝑡
𝐿 [ ]=𝑒 [ + − + ]+
(𝑠−2)4 (𝑠+3) 625 125 50 150 625

b)
𝑘𝑒 −𝑥/4
𝑥>0
𝑓 (𝑥 ) { 0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒

∞
i) We know: ∫−∞ 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 1
∞
∴ ∫0 𝑘𝑒 −𝑥/4 𝑑𝑥 = 1
∞
𝑘 ∫0 𝑒 −𝑥/4 𝑑𝑥 = 1
∞
𝑒 −𝑥/4
𝑘 [ ]
−1/4 0

𝑥 ∞
−
−4𝑘 [𝑒 ] = 1 4
0

−4𝑘 [𝑒 −∞ − 𝑒 0 ] = 1
−4𝑘 [0 − 1] = 1
−4𝑘 − 1 = 1
4𝑘 = 1
1
𝑘=
4
∞
ii) Mean = E (x) = ∫−𝑤 𝑥. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
 ∞ 1
𝐸 (𝑥 ) = ∫0 𝑥. 𝑒 −𝑥/4 𝑑𝑥 𝑢=𝑥 𝑣 = 𝑒 −𝑥/4
4
1 ∞ −𝑥/4 1 𝑒 −𝑥/4
= ∫ 𝑥 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 𝑢 =1 𝑣1 =
4 0 −1/4

1 −𝑥/4 ∞ 𝑒 −𝑥/4
= [−4𝑥 𝑒 − −16 𝑒 −𝑥/4 ]0 𝑣2 =
4 −1/16

= 1⁄4 [(0 − 0) − (0 − 16)] = 1⁄4 × 16

𝐸 (𝑥 ) = 4

∞
iii) Variance = ∫−∞ 𝑥 2 𝑓(𝑥 ) − [𝐸(𝑥)]2
∞ 2 1 −𝑥
var (x) = ∫0 𝑥 . 4 𝑒 4 − ( 4) 2
𝑥
1 ∞ 2 −
Let ∫ 𝑥 𝑒 4 𝑑𝑥 𝑢 = 𝑥2 𝑣 = 𝑒 −𝑥/4
4 0

𝑢′ = 2𝑥 𝑣1 = −4𝑒 −𝑥/4
𝑢′′ = 2 𝑣2 = 16𝑒 −𝑥/4
𝑣3 = −64𝑒 −𝑥/4
1 ∞
4
[−4𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑥/4 −32𝑥 𝑒 −𝑥/4 − 128 𝑒 −𝑥/4 ]0
1
[(0 − 0 − 0) − (0 − 0 − 128)]
4
1
× 12832
4

∴ 𝑉𝑎𝑟 (𝑥 ) = 32 − 16
= 16

c) f (x) = x 0 < x< 2

𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑆𝑜𝑙. ∶ Let 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎0 + ∑ 𝑎𝑛 cos ( ) . 𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑙 = 2.
𝑙

2
1 𝑙 1 2 1 𝑥2
∴ 𝑎0 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = [ ] = 1
𝑙 0 2 0 2 2 0
 2 𝑙 𝑛𝜋𝑥 2 2 𝑛𝜋𝑥
= ∫0 𝑓 (𝑥 ) cos 𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 𝑥 cos 𝑑𝑥
𝑙 𝑙 2 2
sin(𝑛𝜋𝑥/2) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑛𝜋𝑥/2) 2
= [𝑥 + . 1]
𝑛𝜋/2 𝑛2 𝜋2 /22 0

𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑛𝜋𝑥/2) 1 [(−1)𝑛 − 1]
∴ 𝑎0 = [2. (0) + − 0 − 2 2 2] − 2 2 2
𝑛2 𝜋 2 /22 𝑛 𝜋 /2 𝑛 𝜋 /2
2 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
= {−4. 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
𝑛2 𝜋 2
8 1 𝜋𝑥 1 3𝜋𝑥
∴𝑥 =1− [ 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + cos + ⋯]
𝜋2 1 2 3 2 2

(i) By parseval’s identity

1 𝑙 1
𝑙
∫0 [𝑓(𝑥)]2 𝑑𝑥 = 2
[2𝑎0 2 + 𝑎1 2 + 𝑎2 2 + ⋯ ]
2
1 2 2 1 𝑥3 4
∴ 𝑙. ℎ. 𝑠. = ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 2 [ 3 ] =
2 0 0 3
4 1 64 1 1 1
∴ = [2 + { 4+ + + ⋯ }]
3 2 𝜋4 1 34 54
8 64 1 1 1 𝜋4 1 1 1
−2= 4
[ 4+ 4
+ 4
+⋯] ∴ = 4
+ 4
+ +⋯
3 𝜋 1 3 5 96 1 3 54

1 1 1 1
(ii) Let 𝑠 = + + + …
14 24 34 44
1 1 1 1 1 1
= ( 4 + 4 + 4 + ⋯) + ( 4 + 4 + 4 + ⋯)
1 3 5 2 4 6

𝜋4 1 1 1 1
= ( ) + 4 ( 4 + 4 + 4 + ⋯)
96 2 1 2 3
𝜋4 𝑠 𝜋4
𝑠= + ∴ 𝑠=
96 16 90