THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION
ASSIGNMENT
1. What would happen if there were no restrictions on the power of elected
representatives?
If there were no restrictions on the power of elected representatives, they
might misuse their power. They could make unfair laws or decisions that
only benefit themselves. This could harm the people and weaken
democracy.
2. Why does the Constitution provide for 'separation of powers'?
The separation of powers divides the government into three branches:
legislative, executive, and judiciary. This prevents any one branch from
becoming too powerful. It ensures a system of checks and balances. This
helps protect democracy and individual rights.
3. Explain the 'Right to Freedom'.
▪ Freedom of speech and expression.
▪ Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms.
▪ The right to form associations and unions.
▪ The right to move freely & reside in any part of country.
▪ The right to practice any profession, occupation or business.
4. Explain the 'Right to Equality'.
▪ All persons are equal before the law
▪ No citizens can be discriminated against based on their religion, caste
or sex.
▪ Every person has access to all public places.
▪ The state cannot discriminate against anyone in matters of
employment.
▪ Abolition of untouchability
5. Why did the people of Nepal abolish monarchy?
The people of Nepal abolished monarchy because the king had all powers
and ruled with an authoritarian hand. People wanted a democratic
government where leaders are accountable, and citizens have rights.
ANSWER IN DETAIL:
1.Why does a democratic country need a constitution?
A Constitution lays down the fundamental principles of governance,
protects individual rights, ensures rule of law, and defines the powers and
responsibilities of the government. It is the backbone of any democracy.
It helps us in determining the structure of the government, powers and
functions, rights and duties of the citizens and so on.
The Constitution protects the interest of minorities against the domination
of the influential sections of society.
The Indian Constitution strictly prohibits discrimination on such grounds as
caste, creed, gender class, and race.
It helps in binding together the society by treating all communities equally.
2.Describe any three features of the Indian Constitution.
(a)Federalism:
A political system in which powers to govern are divided between the
centre and the states is called Federalism.
There are three levels of government in India - the central level, the state
level and the panchayat level.
Powers and authority have been distributed between the center and the
states.
(b)Parliamentary Form of Government:
India has a parliamentary form of government.
In this system, the Parliament is supreme, and it represents the people.
The Parliament has two Houses the Lower House (Lok Sabha) and the
Upper House (the Rajya Sabha).
(c)Separation of Powers:
There are three organs of the government- the Legislature, the Executive
and the Judiciary.
The main task of the Legislature is to make laws for the country and the
states.
The Executive is responsible for implementing laws and running
administration.
The judiciary interprets the laws and punishes those responsible for
violation of laws.
The Constitution has separated the three organs of government to prevent
misuse of power and privilege.
3. Explain the Fundamental Rights and Duties guaranteed by the constitution of
India.
(a) Fundamental Rights: The Indian Constitution guarantees its citizens certain
rights which are essential for our well-being and promote the ideals of equality,
liberty and justice. The six Fundamental Rights are - Right to Equality, Right to
Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and
Educational Rights and Right to Constitutional Remedies.
(b)Fundamental duties: The Fundamental Duties are defined as the moral
obligations of all citizens to help promote a spirit of patriotism and to uphold the
unity of India.
❖ Respect National Flag and National Anthem.
❖ Give regard and preserve our natural and cultural heritage.
❖ Promote peace and harmony.
❖ Uphold principles of sovereignty, unity and honesty.
❖ Safeguard public property.
❖ Develop scientific temper and spirit of inquiry.
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