wW‡cøvgv Bb

BwÄwbqvwis
কম্পিউটার আর্কিটেকচার অ্যান্ড মাইক্রোপ্রসেসর
Kw¤úDUvi mv‡qÝ (2022 cÖweavb)
৫ম সেমিস্টার

Aa¨-1 SAP-1)
wm¤új A¨vR cwmej Kw¤úDUvi
vq AvwK©‡UKPvi (

SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ß Öœ

*** 1| K‡›Uªvjvi wmKz‡qÝv‡ii KvR Kx?

* 2| LDA A_© Kx?
** 3| g¨v‡µv-Bb÷ªvKkb ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
** 4| †dP mvB‡Kj ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
* 5| K‡›Uªvj IqvW© KvR m¤úv`‡b KqwU mvB‡Kj e¨eüZ nq?
* 6| ‡dP Acv‡ikb ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
*** 7| †gwkb mvB‡Kj ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
* 8| MAR ej‡Z Kx eyS?
* 9| SAP-1 Kx?

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
* 1| †gwkb mvB‡Kj ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
** 2| Gw·wKDkb mvBK‡j †Kb e¨envi Kiv nq?
** 3| Bb÷ªvKkb mvB‡Kj †Kb e¨envi Kiv nq?
*** 4| gvB‡µv-Bb÷ªvKkb ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
*** 5| Gw·wKDkb mvB‡Kj ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
*** 6| †gwkb mvB‡Kj I Bb÷ªvKkb mvB‡Kj ej‡Z Kx eySvq?

SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

*** 1| Kw¤úDUv‡ii MVb wPÎmn eY©bv Ki|

** 2| Sap-1 Kw¤úDUv‡ii AvwK©‡UKPvi wPÎmn eY©ev Ki|
* 3| K‡›Uªvjvi wmKz‡qÝv‡ii Acvikb eY©bv Ki|
*4| 16+20+24–32 Gi mg¨vwU mgvav‡bi Rb¨ SAP-1 Kw¤úDUvi e¨envi K‡i
‡cÖvMÖvg †jLv|

1
 Aa¨-2 ‡gŠwjK Kw¤úDUvi
vq AvwK©‡UKPvi
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ß Öœ
*** 1| Flag register-Gi KvR †jL Ges
D`vniY `vI| ** 2| Flag register ej‡Z Kx
eySvq?
** 3| Accumulator-Gi KvR †jL|
* 4| Stack-based machine Kx?
** 5| †Rbv‡ij †iwR÷vi †gwkb ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
* 6| †cÖvMÖvg KvD›Uvi Kx Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq?
* 7| ÷¨vK †gwkb Kx ai‡bi Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq Ges Kx Kx?
** 8| d¬vM ej‡Z Kx eySvq|
** 9| Operand I Op-code ej‡Z Kx eyS?
*** 10| Instruction ej‡Z Kx eyS?
** 11| Op-code encoding Gi cÖKvi‡f` ev c×wZmg~n D‡jøL Ki|

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
*** 1| Register KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx? D`vniYmn msÁv `vI|
** 2| PC, SP, EAR Ges IR-Gi KvR ‡jL|
* 3| ALU I Control Unit-Gi KvR †jL|
*** 4| Kw¤úDUvi ÷ªvKUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` D`niYmn D‡jøL Kiv|
** 5| Stack Kx? Stack-Gi cÖavb `ywU KvR †jL|
* 6| AvwK©‡UKPvi Abymv‡i wewfbœ cÖKvi †gwk‡bi ‰ewkó¨ †jL|
*** 7| ÷¨vK †gwk‡bi ˆewkó¨ †jL|
** 8| GKwU Accumulator based machine-Gi eøK wPÎ A¼b K‡i
cÖwZwU eø‡Kibvg †jL| ** 9| Op-code encoding Ges decoding ej‡Z
Kx eySvq?
* 10| wewfbœ cÖKvi Instruction Format -mg~n D`vniYmn D‡jøL Ki|
*** 11| nvdg¨vbÕm Gb‡KvwWs w¯‹g eY©bv Ki|
** 12| wewfbœ cÖKvi Bb÷ªvKkb dig¨vU -Gi eY©bv `vI|

SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

*** 1|General Register machine Gi block wPÎ A¼b K‡i wewfbœ As‡ki
mswÿß eY©bv `vI|

2
** 2| Accumulator-based machine Gi eøK (block) WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i
wewfbœ As‡ki mswÿß eY©bv `vI|
* 3| Stack-based machine-Gi eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i wewfbœ As‡ki
mswÿß eY©bv `vI|
*** 4| Huffman op-code encoding c×wZ e¨vL¨v Ki|

Aa¨-3 wmwcBD
vq wWRvB‡bi †ewmK
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ß Öœ
*** 1| ALU-Gi KvR Kx?
** 2| K‡›Uªvj BDwbU (CU) -Gi
KvR Kx? *** 3| CPU ej‡Z Kx
eyS?
* 4| dzj A¨vWvi Kv‡K e‡j|
** 5| Co-processor ej‡Z Kx eyS?
* 6| †Kv-cÖ‡mm‡ii KvR †jL?
*** 7| MAR I MBR-Gi KvR †jL?
** 8| MAR I MBR-Gi c~Y©bvg †jL|

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
*** 1| GKwU Av`k© wmwcBD (CPU) -Gi eøKwPÎ A¼b K‡i K‡›Uªvj
BDwb‡Ui KvR ‡`LvI?
* 2| Pvi we‡Ui GKwU †Rbv‡ij cvicvm †iwR÷vi A¼b K‡i †`LvI|
** 3| GPR Based machine-Gi Block diagram A¼b K‡i wewfbœ
Ask wPwýZ Ki| * 4| 4-bit ALU mvwKU© A¼b Ki| * 5|
†÷ªBUjvBb wmKz‡qwÝs ej‡Z Kx eyS?
** 6| Intelligent monitor interface-Gi eøKwPÎ A¼b K‡i
ms‡ÿ‡c †jL|

SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

* 1| GKwU mvaviY CPU g‡W‡ji eY©bv `vI|

** 2| 4-weU †Rbv‡ij †iwR÷vi -‡&i eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i eY©bv
`vI|
* 3| 4-weU mgvšÍivj A¨vWvi-Gi eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i eY©bv `I|

3
** 4| 4-bit ALU eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i eY©bv `vI|

Aa¨-4 ‡ggwi AM©vbvB‡Rkb Ges

vq BbcyU/ AvDUcyU wm‡÷g
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ßÖœ
*** 1| †ggwi ej‡Z Kx eyS?
* 2| †ggwi AM©vbvB‡Rkb Kq
ai‡Yi? ** 3| Hard disk-Gi evwn¨K
Dcv`vb¸‡jv †jL| * 4| †cøUvi
(Platter)-Gi KvR Kx?
*** 5| wiW ivBU †nW-Gi KvR Kx?
** 6| Track Kx?

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
* 1| Centralized memory organization-Gi
‰ewkó¨mg~n D‡jøL Ki| ** 2| Distributed memory
organization-Gi ˆewkó¨mg~n D‡jøL Ki| *** 3| Cache
memory ej‡Z Kx eyS?
** 4| †cÖvMÖvgW BbcyU / AvDUcyU ej‡Z Kx eyS?
** 5| DMA K‡›Uªvjv‡ii KvR Kx?
* 6| DMA operation-Gi myweav †jL|

SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

** 1| K¨vk †ggwi-Gi eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i eY©bv `vI|

* 2| B›UvivÞ BbcyU / AvDUcyU -Gi eY©bv `vI|
*** 3| DMA System -Gi eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i eY©bv `vI|

Aa¨-5 808 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii

vq 6 AvwK©‡UKPvi
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ß Öœ
*** 1| 8086 Microprocessor-Gi Mode KqwU I Kx Kx?

4
*** 2| BbֻvKkb wKD Gi KvR Kx?
** 3| 8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii ÷¨vUvm
wcb¸‡jvi bvg †jL| ** 4| Code Segment Kx
Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq? *** 5| Microprocessor-
Gi Bit msL¨v ej‡Z Kx eySvq| ** 6|
Program counter-Gi KvR Kx?
* 7| 8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii †ggwi K‡›Uªvj
wmMb¨v‡ji KvR †jL| *** 8| B‡›Uj 8086
gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii d¬¨vM †iwR÷v‡ii d¬¨vM¸‡jvi
bvg †jL| * 9| 8086𝝁P-G KqwU †ggwi e¨vsK _v‡K?
* 10| 8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii KqwU jvBb‡K
A¨v‡Wªm evm wnmv‡e e¨envi Kiv nq? ** 11|
BIU/8086𝝁p-Gi †gM‡g›U †iwR÷v¸‡jvi bvg †jL| *
12| Bit Kx?
** 13| Index Register-Gi KvR Kx?
*** 14| `ywU 16 weU gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii bvg †jL|

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
*** 1| 8086𝝁P-Gi †mM‡m›U †iwR÷vi-Gi wPÎ AuvK|
*** 2| 8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii Pin diagram
A¼b Ki| *** 3| CX -‡K Counter register ejv
nq †Kb?
** 4| 8086𝝁P Gi A¨v‡Wªm/ WvUv
evm m¤ú‡K© †jL| ** 5| wgwbgvg I
g¨vw·gvg †gv‡Wi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL|
* 6| 8086𝝁P-gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii DMA wmM¨vb¨vj¸‡jv Kx Kx?
** 7| IP-Gi KvR †jL|
* 8| wKD ֬vUvm
wmMb¨vjmg~n eY©bv Ki|
*** 9| ‡mM‡g›U †iwR÷vi Kx?
** 10| B‡›Uj-8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii ‡iwR÷v‡ii wPÎ A¼b Ki|
*** 11| B‡›Uj-8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii d¬vM †iwR÷v‡ii WvqvMÖvg
A¼b Ki|

* 13| 8086 𝝁P-Gi maximum mode G e¨eüZ Signal ¸‡jvi

*** 12| 8086/8088 Ges 8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii cv_©K¨ †jL|

mswÿß eY©bv `vI| * 14| 16 bit up Gi ˆewkó¨ †jL|

SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

** 1| 8086 𝝁P-Gi wcb WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i eY©bv Ki|

*** 2| AvwK©‡UKPvi A¼b K‡i cÖwZwU eø‡Ki Kvh©vewj eY©bv Ki|

5
** 3| 8086 𝝁P-Gi †iwR÷vi ÷ªvKPvi eY©bv Ki|
*** 4| 8086 𝝁P-Gi d¬v¨vM †iwR÷v‡ii eY©bv Ki|
** 5| 8086/8088 𝝁P-Gi †gvW¸‡jvi we¯vÍ wiZ eY©bv `vI|

Aa¨-6 808 A¨v‡mgwe

vq 6 gvB‡µvcÖ‡m
K‡i ø†KvW e¨envi
†cÖvMÖv
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ßÖœ
*** 1|A¨v‡Wªwms †gvW Kx?
** 2| STC I CLC Bb÷ªvKk‡bi
KvR Kx? ** 3| CLI I STI
Bb÷ªvKk‡bi KvR †jL| * 4|
MOV AL (SI) BbֻvKkbwU
e¨vL¨v Ki?
** 5| A¨v‡mgeøvi Kx?
*** 6| SEGMENT Bb÷ªvKkb †Kb e¨envi Kiv nq?
*** 7| A¨v‡mgeøvi wW‡iKwUfm ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
** 8| wWevMvi Kx?
*** 9| wm‡Wv †KvW Kv‡K e‡j?
*** 10| ASSUME DIRECTIVES ‡Kv_vq e¨eüZ nq?
* 11| Iqvb cvm A¨v‡mgeøvi Kv‡K e‡j?
* 12| A¨v‡mgweø j¨vs¸‡qR Kx? nvB †j‡fj fvlvi Zzjbvq
A¨v‡mgweø fvlvi myweavmg~n †jL| * 13| LDA 1234H
wb‡`©kbv w`‡q Kx eySvq?

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
*** 1| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii †ggwi m¤úwK©Z
A¨v‡Wªwms †gvW¸‡jvi bvg †jL| ** 2| 8086
gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii A¨v‡Wªwms †gvW KZ
cÖKvi I Kx Kx?
** 3| CALL I JUMP Bb÷ªvKk‡bi KvR Kx?
*** 4| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii Bb÷ªvKkb dig¨vU‡K Kxfv‡e msLÁvwqZ Kiv
hvq?
** 5| PUSH I POP Instruction eY©bv Ki|
*** 6| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii Bb÷ªvKkb †mU‡K KqwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq I
Kx Kx?
** 7| WvUv UªvÝdvi Db÷ªvKk‡bi `ywU D`vniY `vI|

6
* 8| 8086-Gi †iwR÷vi A¨v‡Wªwms †gv‡Wi `ywU D`vniY `vI|
* 9| BwgwW‡qU I BgcøvBW A¨v‡Wªwms †gvW eY©bv Ki|

SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

*** 1| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii Bb÷ªvKkb †m‡Ui eY©bv `vI|

*** 2| 8086𝝁P- Gi Bb÷ªvKkb †m‡Ui kÖwYwefvM eY©bv `vI|
*** 3| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii A¨v‡Wªwms †gv‡Wi eY©bv `vI|
** 4| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡i †iwR÷vi A¨v‡Wªwms †gvW wbe©vnKi‡Yi
c~‡e© Ges c‡i †iwR÷v‡ii cÖfve Av‡jvPbv Ki|
*** 5| `ywU 16-weU msL¨v‡K †hvM Kivi GKwU †cÖvMÖvg †jL|
** B‡›Uj-8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii Bb÷ªvKkb dig¨v‡Ui eY©bv `vI|

Aa¨-7 808 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii

B›Uvi‡
vq 6 ‡ggwi dm
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ß Öœ
*** 1| Interfacing Kv‡K e‡j|
*** 2| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii m‡e©v”P A¨v‡Wªm ÿgZv KZ?
* 3| 8086 Gi Data bus, Address bus Ges †ggwi mvBR
D‡jøL Ki?
** 4| Demultiplex ej‡Z Kx eySvq?

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
*** 1| †Rvo Ges we‡Rvo A¨v‡Wªm evDÛvwi ej‡Z Kx eyS?
** 2| e¨vsK Kv‡K e‡j? 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii ‡ggwi
KqwU e¨vsK Av‡Q I Kx Kx? *** 3| 8086
cÖ‡mm‡ii wiW mvB‡Kj A¼b Ki| * 4| †ggwi
B›Uvi‡dm ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
** 5| Cache memory Kx? Dual Core Processor ej‡Z Kx
eySvq?
* 6| I‡qU †÷U Kx? †Kb cÖ`vb Kiv nq?
** 7| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii A¨v‡Wªm †¯úm A¼b Ki|
** 8| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii †ggwi ivBU mvB‡Kj A¼b Ki|
** 9| K¬K †Rbv‡iU‡ii KvR ‡jL|

7
SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

*** 1| 8086 𝝁P Gi wgwbgvg wm‡÷g B›Uvi‡dm A¼b K‡i eY©bv Ki|

** 2| 8086 𝝁P Gi ivBU mvB‡Kj A¼b K‡i eY©bv Ki|
*** 3| 8086 𝝁P Gi †ggwi A¨v‡Wªm †¯ú‡mi nvW©Iq¨vi e¨e¯v’ cbv

* 4| 8086 𝝁P Gi wiW mvB‡Kj A¼b K‡i eY©bv Ki|

eY©bv Ki|

* 6| 8086 𝝁P Gi g¨vw·gvg †gvW wm‡÷g B›Uvi‡dm A¼b K‡i eY©bv Ki|

** 5| †ggwi B›Uvi‡dm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ e¨vL¨v Ki|

Aa¨-8 808 B‡µ c‡mm‡i

Bbc/A DUcyB›Uvd s
vq 6 g v Öi yU v U i‡ w
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ß Öœ
*** 1| PPI ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
** 2| PPI Gi e¨eüZ †cvU©mg~n Kx?
* 3| B‡›Uj 8255 A PPI Gi KqwU I/O wcb Av‡Q?
** 4| 8086 Gi I/O Bb÷ªvKkb¸‡jv D`vniYmn †jL|
* 5| PPI K‡›Uªvj Iqv‡W©i KvR ‡jL|
** 6| UART Ges USART k‡ãi c~Y©iƒc †jL|
** 7| DMA k‡ãi c~Y©iƒc †jL|
*** 8| gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡i e¨eüZ
mv‡cvU© wPcmg~‡ni bvg †jL| ** 7|
Peripheral device Kx?

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
*** 1| DMA Acv‡ik‡bi myweav Kx?
*** 2| †ggwi g¨vcW AvB/I ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
** 3| Standard I/O ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
* 4| †cÖvMÖv‡gej †cwi‡divj B›Uvi‡di
eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b Ki| * 5|
wgwbgvg †gvW B›Uvi‡dm ej‡Z Kx
eyS?
** 6| PIC KqwU †gv‡W KvR K‡i I Kx Kx?

8
SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

*** 1| wP‡Îi gva¨‡g 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii wgwbgvg †gvW B›Uvi‡d‡mi

eY©bv Ki|
*** 2| PPI Gi eøK WvqvMÖvg A¼b K‡i ms‡ÿ‡c eY©bv Ki|
** 3| †cÖvMÖv‡gej †cwi‡divj B›Uvi‡dm (PPI)-Gi eøK
WvqvMÖvgmg~n K‡›Uªvj IqvW© di‡gU †jL|
* 4| wP‡Îi gva¨‡g 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii g¨vw·gvg †gvW B›Uvi‡d‡mi eYb©
v Ki|
*** 5| wPÎmn DMA Acv‡ikb eY©bv Ki|
** 6| DMA Controller Gi gva¨‡g Data Transfer c×wZ
eYb© v Ki|
* 7| cuvPwU Support chip Gi bvgmn KvR D‡jøL Ki|
* 8| B‡›Uj 8279 Kx †evW© /wWm‡cø K‡›Uªvjv‡ii eøK WvqvMÖvg
A¼b K‡i eY©bv Ki|

Aa¨-9 808 Bµ cÖ‡mmB›UvÞ B›Uvi‡d

vq 6 g ‡ v ‡ii iv m
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ß Öœ
*** 1| Interrupt Kx?
*** 2| mdUIq¨vi B›UvivÞ Kv‡K e‡j?
** 3| Base address Kv‡K e‡j?
* 4| B›UvivÞ †f±i Kv‡K e‡j?
* 5| †Kvb cÖKvi B›Uviv‡Þ Kv‡K e‡j?
*** 6| nvW©Iq¨vi B›UvivÞ Kv‡K e‡j?
** 7| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡i KqwU Drm n‡Z D›UvivÞ wmMb¨vj Avm‡Z cv‡i?

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
** 1| c~e© msÁvwqZ B›UvivÞmg~n Kx Kx?
** 2| INTO Bb÷ªvKk‡bi e¨envi ‡jL|
*** 3| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡i KqwU Drm n‡Z B›UvivÞ
wmMb¨vj Avm‡Z cv‡i I Kx Kx? *** 4| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡i
D›UvivÞmg~n‡K KqwU MÖæ‡c fvM Kiv hvq I Kx
Kx?
*** 5| 8086 cÖ‡mmi Kxfv‡e B›Uviv‡Þi AMÖMY¨Zv iÿv K‡i Zv eY©bv
Ki|

9
** 6| †em A¨v‡Wªm Kv‡K e‡j? †emW Bb‡W· A¨v‡Wªwms †gvW ej‡Z
Kx eySvq?
* 7| 8086 cÖ‡mmi B›UvivÞ‡K wPwýZKiY cÖwµqvq Kvq fv‡M fvM Kiv
hvq?

SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

** 1| 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii B›Uviv‡Þi mvaviY ‰ewkó¨ mg~n eY©bv Ki|

*** 2| B›UvivÞ †f±i †Uwej AsKb K‡i eY©bv Ki|
** 3| B›UvivÞ KqcÖKvi I Kx Kx, eY©bv Ki|
* 4| B›UvivÞ †f±i †Uwe‡ji †h-‡Kv‡bv 2wU A¨v‡Wªm c‡q›Uv‡ii KvR
B‡jøL Ki?
* 5| wP‡Îi gva¨‡g 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii me©wb¤œ wm‡÷g B›UvivÞ
B›Uvi‡dm eYb© v Ki|

Aa¨-1 A¨v Ý gBµ c‡mm‡i

‰ kó
vq 0 Wfv W v‡ v Öi e ¨
SOS AwZ ck
msw¶ßÖœ
*** 1| mycvi †¯‹jvi AvwK©‡UKPvi Kx?
** 2| wiq¨vj †gvW Kv‡K e‡j?
*** 3| BIST-Gi KvR Kx?
** 4| BIST-Gi c~Y© bvg bvg Kx?

SOS mswck
¶ß Öœ
*** 1| Wz‡qj ‡Kvi ev †KvqvW †Kvi Kx?
* 2| cÖ‡U‡±W †gvW Acv‡ikb Kv‡K e‡j?
* 3| c¨vivjvj cÖ‡mwms Kv‡K e‡j?
* 4| †cw›Uqvg cÖ‡mmi KqwU ‡gv‡W KvR K‡i I Kx Kx?
** 5| wiq¨vj †gvW I cÖ‡U‡±W †gvW Acv‡ikb ej‡Z Kx eyS?
*** 6| †cw›Uqvg-4 cÖ‡mm‡ii †¯úwmwd‡Kki D‡jøL Ki|
*** 7| gvwëcÖ‡mwms-Gi myweav †jL|
* 8| †cw›Uqvg cÖ‡mm‡ii ‰ewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki|
** 9| Inter core i3 cÖ‡mm‡ii ‰ewkó¨ †jL|
** 10| Intel core i7 cÖ‡mm‡ii ˆewkó¨ †jL|

10
SOS iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t

*** 1| †cw›Uqvg I 8086 cÖ‡mm‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL|

11