Here are the Top 60 Questions framed in line with the UPSC Civil Services Main Examination

syllabus for the topics:

1. Indian Economy and Issues Relating to Planning, Mobilization of Resources,

Growth, Development, and Employment
Economic Planning and Mobilization of Resources

1. What are the major challenges in economic planning in India? How can planning be
made more effective in a market-driven economy?
2. Discuss the significance of fiscal policy in resource mobilization and economic
growth in India.
3. How does deficit financing impact inflation, economic growth, and employment in
India?
4. Explain the role of Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) in resource mobilization and
economic development.
5. Examine the role of taxation in resource mobilization and economic growth in India.
6. How does India's financial system contribute to economic planning and growth?
7. Evaluate the impact of Goods and Services Tax (GST) on resource mobilization and
economic growth.
8. Discuss the challenges of debt management in India and suggest reforms to
improve fiscal sustainability.
9. Examine the role of the banking sector in financing infrastructure development in
India.
10. How do Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI)
contribute to India's economic growth?

Economic Growth and Development

11. Differentiate between economic growth and economic development. Which is more
significant for India?
12. What are the major factors contributing to India's economic growth in the post-
liberalization era?
13. Discuss the challenges posed by the twin balance sheet problem in India and
suggest solutions.
14. What role do startups and MSMEs play in boosting economic growth in India?
15. How does the digital economy contribute to India's economic development?
16. Assess the impact of globalization on India's economic growth and development.
17. Discuss the role of Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat in accelerating economic
growth.
18. How do infrastructure projects like Bharatmala and Sagarmala contribute to
economic development?
19. What role do Special Economic Zones (SEZs) play in enhancing India's economic
growth?
 20. Examine the challenges and prospects of India's aspiration to become a $5 trillion
economy.

Employment and Labor Market Issues

21. Discuss the trends in labor force participation in India and the reasons behind
declining labor participation rates.
22. How does informal employment impact India's economy? Suggest measures to
formalize the workforce.
23. Analyze the role of skill development initiatives in enhancing employability in India.
24. How has automation and artificial intelligence impacted employment in India?
25. Discuss the role of MGNREGA in addressing rural unemployment.
26. What are the key challenges in India's job market, and how can they be addressed?
27. Examine the role of the gig economy in employment generation in India.
28. How do labor laws impact employment generation and job security in India?
29. Discuss the significance of demographic dividend for India and the challenges in
harnessing it.
30. How does gender disparity in employment affect economic growth in India?

2. Inclusive Growth and Issues Arising from It

Concept and Importance of Inclusive Growth

31. Define inclusive growth. How is it different from economic growth?

32. How does financial inclusion contribute to inclusive growth in India?
33. Discuss the role of microfinance in achieving inclusive growth.
34. How do government initiatives like JAM Trinity (Jan Dhan, Aadhaar, Mobile) promote
financial inclusion?
35. Explain how digital literacy and access to technology contribute to inclusive growth.
36. What are the challenges in achieving inclusive growth in India, and how can they be
addressed?
37. Assess the role of infrastructure development in achieving inclusive growth.
38. How does women's empowerment contribute to inclusive growth in India?
39. Discuss the role of social entrepreneurship in promoting inclusive growth.
40. How do startups and MSMEs contribute to inclusive growth in India?

Poverty, Inequality, and Social Justice

41. What are the main causes of income inequality in India? How can it be reduced?
42. Discuss the impact of economic liberalization on poverty reduction in India.
43. How does social security contribute to reducing poverty and ensuring inclusive
growth?
 44. Examine the role of Public Distribution System (PDS) in addressing food security and
poverty alleviation.
45. Discuss the role of direct benefit transfers (DBT) in reducing leakages in welfare
schemes.
46. How does education contribute to reducing poverty and achieving inclusive growth?
47. Assess the impact of urbanization on economic inequality and inclusive growth.
48. How does rural development contribute to inclusive growth in India?
49. Discuss the role of cooperatives in promoting economic inclusion in rural areas.
50. What are the major challenges in ensuring affordable housing for all in India?

Government Policies and Schemes for Inclusive Growth

51. Critically examine the role of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana in financial inclusion.
52. Discuss the effectiveness of Ayushman Bharat in ensuring health equity and
inclusive growth.
53. How does the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 contribute to achieving
inclusive growth?
54. Evaluate the impact of Startup India and Stand-Up India on inclusive growth.
55. Discuss the role of rural electrification programs in bridging the urban-rural divide.
56. How has the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana helped in poverty alleviation?
57. Discuss the effectiveness of Skill India Mission in promoting employment and
inclusive growth.
58. How does Digital India contribute to bridging the rural-urban digital divide and
achieving inclusive growth?
59. What role do Self-Help Groups (SHGs) play in women's empowerment and inclusive
growth?
60. Examine the role of cooperative federalism in achieving inclusive growth across
Indian states.

These 60 questions are framed with UPSC Civil Services Main Examination standards,
focusing on analytical depth, real-world relevance, and policy implications. Let me know if
you need more refinement!

Here are 60 important questions framed in alignment with the UPSC Civil Services Main
Examination syllabus for the topics:
1. Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources,
growth, development, and employment
Economic Planning & Policy

1. Explain the evolution of economic planning in India. How has the role of the
Planning Commission transformed into NITI Aayog?
2. Discuss the significance of decentralized planning in India. How does it affect
economic development?
3. Evaluate the impact of the LPG (Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization)
reforms of 1991 on the Indian economy.
4. What are the key challenges faced by NITI Aayog in achieving sustainable economic
growth?
5. Compare the sectoral contributions (Agriculture, Industry, and Services) to India's
GDP over the last decade.

Mobilization of Resources

6. Discuss the trends in capital formation in India. How does it impact economic
growth?
7. What are the major sources of revenue for the Indian government? Analyze their
sustainability.
8. How does public expenditure contribute to economic development? Evaluate its
efficiency in India.
9. Critically examine the role of direct and indirect taxation in India’s resource
mobilization.
10. Explain the role of external borrowing in financing India’s economic growth. What
are its risks and benefits?

Economic Growth & Development

11. Differentiate between economic growth and economic development. How are they
measured in India?
12. Examine the factors responsible for regional disparities in economic growth in India.
13. How does inflation impact economic growth and development? Suggest measures
to control inflation in India.
14. Discuss the concept of sustainable development. How can India balance economic
growth with environmental sustainability?
15. What are the key challenges in achieving a $5 trillion economy goal for India?

Employment & Labour Market

16. Analyze the trends in employment generation in India post-liberalization.

 17. Discuss the impact of automation and artificial intelligence on employment
opportunities in India.
18. Explain the significance of the informal sector in India's economy. What measures
can be taken to formalize this sector?
19. How do demographic trends affect employment patterns in India?
20. Evaluate the role of MGNREGA in providing employment and reducing poverty in
rural India.

Industrial & Financial Sector

21. Examine the role of the MSME sector in India’s economic growth. What are the
challenges faced by MSMEs?
22. How does the banking sector contribute to resource mobilization and economic
growth?
23. Discuss the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in India’s economic development.
24. Critically analyze the role of financial inclusion in accelerating economic growth in
India.
25. What are the key issues in India's credit market, and how can they be addressed?

Agriculture & Rural Economy

26. Analyze the impact of Minimum Support Price (MSP) on Indian agriculture.
27. Discuss the role of agricultural subsidies in India's rural economy. Are they
sustainable?
28. Examine the impact of climate change on India's agricultural sector.
29. How can India improve agricultural productivity while ensuring sustainable resource
use?
30. Evaluate the effectiveness of rural credit schemes in empowering farmers.

2. Inclusive Growth and Issues Arising from It

Concept & Significance of Inclusive Growth

31. What do you understand by inclusive growth? How does it differ from economic
growth?
32. Discuss the role of financial inclusion in achieving inclusive growth in India.
33. Examine the importance of education and skill development in ensuring inclusive
growth.
34. How does digital literacy contribute to inclusive growth in India?
35. What policy measures are required to bridge the urban-rural divide in economic
growth?
Poverty, Inequality & Social Inclusion

36. Analyze the effectiveness of poverty alleviation programs in India.

37. Discuss the impact of income inequality on social and economic stability in India.
38. How does gender disparity hinder inclusive growth in India? Suggest policy
interventions.
39. Examine the role of self-help groups (SHGs) in promoting financial inclusion and
women's empowerment.
40. What are the challenges in ensuring social security for unorganized sector workers
in India?

Government Schemes & Interventions

41. Critically evaluate the effectiveness of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) in promoting
inclusive growth.
42. Discuss the role of Ayushman Bharat in improving healthcare accessibility in India.
43. Examine the impact of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) on inclusive growth.
44. How do Start-Up India and Stand-Up India contribute to inclusive economic
development?
45. Evaluate the role of Make in India in fostering industrial growth and employment
generation.

Regional & Sectoral Dimensions of Inclusion

46. Discuss the reasons behind regional disparities in economic development. How can
they be addressed?
47. How does urbanization affect inclusive growth in India?
48. Examine the impact of social infrastructure (education, health, and sanitation) on
economic development.
49. How does financial literacy affect inclusive growth in India? Suggest measures to
enhance financial literacy.
50. Discuss the importance of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in ensuring inclusive
economic development.

Future Challenges & Way Forward

51. What role does entrepreneurship play in achieving inclusive growth?

52. How can India leverage its demographic dividend for sustainable and inclusive
growth?
53. Discuss the role of technological advancements in ensuring economic inclusivity.
54. How does the gig economy affect employment patterns and worker rights in India?
55. Examine the effectiveness of social sector expenditure in reducing economic
disparities in India.
 56. Discuss the challenges in implementing Universal Basic Income (UBI) in India.
57. How does environmental sustainability align with the goals of inclusive economic
growth?
58. Analyze the role of cooperatives in promoting economic inclusivity in rural India.
59. What are the major obstacles in achieving inclusive urban development in India?
60. Suggest a multi-pronged strategy for achieving balanced and inclusive economic
growth in India.

These UPSC Mains-oriented questions cover a wide spectrum of Indian economy-related

issues, ensuring depth and analytical coverage for aspirants. Would you like any modifications or
additional focus areas?

Here are the Top 60 Questions framed in reference to the UPSC Civil Services Main
Examination syllabus for the topics:

1. Indian Economy and Issues Relating to Planning, Mobilization of Resources,

Growth, Development, and Employment
Economic Planning & Resource Mobilization

1. Critically examine the role of NITI Aayog in economic planning compared to the
erstwhile Planning Commission.
2. Discuss the significance of Five-Year Plans in India and the challenges in
transitioning to a long-term economic vision.
3. How does the budgeting process impact economic planning and development in
India? Illustrate with recent examples.
4. Explain the concept of resource mobilization and analyze India's performance in
mobilizing financial resources for development.
5. Evaluate the effectiveness of disinvestment policy in resource mobilization for
India's economic growth.
6. What are the challenges faced by the MSME sector in accessing finance? Suggest
measures to improve resource availability.
7. Discuss the impact of external borrowings on India's macroeconomic stability.
8. How do tax reforms contribute to resource mobilization in India? Critically assess
the role of GST.
9. Examine the role of Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) in India's economic growth
and resource mobilization.
10. How has monetary policy played a role in economic stabilization and resource
mobilization in India?

Economic Growth & Development

11. Differentiate between economic growth and economic development. Explain how
both are interrelated in the Indian context.
 12. Analyze the impact of structural reforms on India's economic growth since 1991.
13. How does the Make in India initiative contribute to economic growth? Assess its
challenges.
14. Examine the role of technology and innovation in boosting India's economic
growth.
15. Discuss the impact of digitalization on India's economic development and financial
inclusion.
16. How do foreign direct investments (FDI) contribute to economic growth? Critically
analyze India's FDI policy.
17. Assess the impact of economic liberalization on India's agricultural sector.
18. How does the services sector contribute to India's GDP growth? Discuss its
sustainability.
19. What are the major challenges faced by the manufacturing sector in India? Suggest
policy interventions.
20. Critically evaluate the role of infrastructure development in economic growth and
regional development.

Employment & Labor Market

21. Examine the role of employment generation in ensuring inclusive economic growth
in India.
22. Discuss the impact of informal employment on India's labor market and economic
growth.
23. How do government schemes like MGNREGA contribute to rural employment and
economic development?
24. Analyze the impact of automation and artificial intelligence on employment
generation in India.
25. What are the challenges in achieving full employment in India? Suggest policy
measures.
26. Examine the role of gig economy in employment generation and its regulatory
challenges.
27. Discuss the significance of vocational training and skill development in bridging
the unemployment gap in India.
28. How does the Female Labor Force Participation Rate (FLFPR) affect India's
economic development?
29. Explain the role of startups and entrepreneurship in employment generation. How
effective is the Startup India initiative?
30. What are the impacts of globalization on employment patterns in India?
2. Inclusive Growth and Issues Arising from It
Concept and Challenges of Inclusive Growth

31. Define inclusive growth and explain its importance for a developing country like
India.
32. How does income inequality affect India's economic growth? Suggest policy
measures for equitable distribution of resources.
33. Discuss the challenges in achieving regional economic balance in India and ways
to address them.
34. How does poverty alleviation contribute to inclusive growth? Assess India's poverty
reduction strategies.
35. Explain the role of financial inclusion in achieving inclusive growth in India.
36. How can education and healthcare act as key drivers of inclusive growth?
37. Discuss the role of rural development programs in ensuring inclusive growth in
India.
38. Assess the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in promoting inclusive
economic development.
39. How does gender inequality impact economic growth? Suggest measures to make
growth gender-inclusive.
40. Examine the role of cooperatives and self-help groups (SHGs) in promoting
inclusive growth.

Government Schemes & Social Welfare

41. How effective has the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) scheme been in promoting
inclusive growth?
42. Analyze the impact of Jan Dhan Yojana on financial inclusion and economic
development.
43. Examine the effectiveness of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) in
addressing housing inequalities.
44. How do government initiatives like Ayushman Bharat contribute to inclusive health
development?
45. Discuss the role of Public Distribution System (PDS) in ensuring food security and
inclusive growth.
46. Examine the impact of social sector spending on economic growth and welfare.
47. How has the Skill India Mission helped in bridging the employment gap and
promoting inclusive development?
48. Discuss the impact of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) on MSMEs and
financial inclusion.
49. How does rural electrification contribute to inclusive growth in India? Assess the
performance of the Saubhagya scheme.
50. Analyze the effectiveness of urban employment programs like PM SVANidhi in
achieving inclusive growth.
Sustainable & Equitable Growth

51. How can sustainable development goals (SDGs) be integrated into India's
economic planning for inclusive growth?
52. Examine the role of green economy in ensuring long-term inclusive growth.
53. How does climate change adaptation impact economic growth and employment
generation?
54. Discuss the significance of agriculture and allied sectors in ensuring inclusive
rural development.
55. How can India ensure equitable urbanization to balance economic growth and
development?
56. Examine the role of cooperative federalism in ensuring inclusive economic growth.
57. How does the social sector budget allocation affect inclusive development
outcomes?
58. What are the implications of urban-rural migration on inclusive economic growth?
59. Assess the impact of informal sector reforms on ensuring inclusive economic
development.
60. What role do community-led initiatives play in promoting inclusive and
sustainable growth in India?

These 60 questions cover various dimensions of Indian economy and inclusive growth,
incorporating UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination requirements, with a balance of
conceptual understanding, policy analysis, and real-world applications.

Would you like me to focus on any specific sub-topic in more detail?