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L 8: C++ N S: Ecture AME Pace

The document discusses C++ namespaces, which allow grouping of classes, objects, and functions under a unique name to avoid identifier conflicts. It explains the syntax for defining namespaces and provides examples of their usage in code. Additionally, it introduces unnamed namespaces for creating unique identifiers within a file, which cannot be accessed outside of that file.

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13 views9 pages

L 8: C++ N S: Ecture AME Pace

The document discusses C++ namespaces, which allow grouping of classes, objects, and functions under a unique name to avoid identifier conflicts. It explains the syntax for defining namespaces and provides examples of their usage in code. Additionally, it introduces unnamed namespaces for creating unique identifiers within a file, which cannot be accessed outside of that file.

Uploaded by

Mahadi Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LECTURE 8 : C++ NAMESPACE

C++ NAMESPACE
� Namespaces allow to group entities like classes, objects (variables) and
functions under a name

� Global scope is divided into "sub-scopes", each one with its own name

� Useful in the case that there is a possibility that a global object or function uses
the same identifier as another one, causing redefinition errors

2
C++ NAMESPACE
� The format of namespaces is:
namespace identifier {
entities
}
� Identifier is any valid identifier

� Entities is the set of classes, objects and functions that are included within the
namespace

3
C++ NAMESPACE
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
namespace first {
int var = 5;
}
namespace second {
double var = 3.1416;
}
int main () {
cout << first::var << endl;
cout << second::var << endl;
return 0;
} 4
C++ NAMESPACE
#include <iostream> int main () {
using namespace std; using first::x;
namespace first { using second::y;
int x = 5; cout << x << endl;
int y = 10; cout << y << endl;
} cout << first::y << endl;
namespace second { cout << second::x << endl;
double x = 3.1416; return 0;
double y = 2.7183; }
}

5
C++ NAMESPACE
#include <iostream> int main () {
using namespace std; using namespace first;
namespace first { cout << x << endl;
int x = 5; cout << y << endl;
int y = 10; cout << second::x << endl;
cout << second::y << endl;
}
return 0;
namespace second {
}
double x = 3.1416;
double y = 2.7183;
}

6
C++ NAMESPACE
#include <iostream> int main () {
using namespace std; {
namespace first { using namespace first;
int x = 5; cout << x << endl;
int y = 10; }
} {
namespace second { using namespace second;
double x = 3.1416; cout << x << endl;
double y = 2.7183; }
} return 0;
}
7
C++ NAMESPACE
� Unnamed namespace
⚫ Create identifiers that are unique within a file
� The format of unnamed namespaces is:

namespace {
entities
}
� Within the file that contains the namespace
⚫ the members can be used directly, without qualification
� Outside of the file
⚫ the identifiers are unknown
8
Acknowledgement
http://faizulbari.buet.ac.bd/Courses.html
http://mhkabir.buet.ac.bd/cse201/index.html

THE END
Topic Covered: Sections 13.1

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