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AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001

FLOOR VIBRATIONS – TYPICAL EXTERIOR BAY OF AN OFFICE BUILDING WITH HOT-ROLLED

FRAMING

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The design is checked for a typical exterior bay of the floor system shown below.
The structural system supports “paper office” build out. The spandrel girder is
supported by the exterior cladding for vibration analysis purposes. The deck is
5¼-in. total depth with a 3¼-in. lightweight (110 pcf) concrete cover with a
compressive strength of 4 ksi. The applied loads are the weight of the structure, a
4 psf superimposed dead load and an 11 psf live load. The damping ratio, β, is
taken as 0.03.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

Member Properties Loading Geometry

Beam: W18x35 w = 4 psf (SDL) Beam Span, L = 35 ft
Girder: W21x50 w = 11psf (Live Load) Girder Span, L = 30 ft
Column: W14x82
Steel: ASTM A992 Fy50

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

Composite beam vibration analysis, including:
 Member deflections relevant to vibration.
 Effective panel weight of beams and girders.

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 1

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 Fundamental natural frequency of beams, girders, and their combined action.

 Peak acceleration of a composite floor.

RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results in this table are taken from the hand calculations presented
below. These calculations parallel and at times refine the calculations presented
in Example 4.1 from “Design Guide 11: Vibrations of Steel-Framed Structural
Systems Due to Human Activity (Second Edition)”, Design Guide Series Number
11, AISC 2016.

Percent
Output Parameter Results Independent
Difference

Floor Width (ft) 150 150 0.00%

Floor Length (ft) 105 105 0.00%

Deck Ieff,deck (in4) 106.3 106.3 0.00%

Beam Ieff,j (in4) 1833.8 1833.8 0.00%

Girder Ieff,g (in4) 3275.8 3275.8 0.00%

Beam Deflection ∆j (in) 0.378 0.378 -0.00%

Girder Deflection ∆g (in) 0.324 0.325 -0.31%

Reduced Girder Deflection 0.283 0.284 -0.32%

∆’g (in)

Beam Frequency fj (Hz) 5.75 5.75 0.00%

Girder Frequency fg (Hz) 6.21 6.20 0.16%

Floor Frequency fn (Hz) 4.22 4.22 0.00%

Panel Weight W (kip) 111.88 111.89 0.01%

Peak Acceleration ap/g 0.00442 0.00442 0.00%

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 2

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Percent
Output Parameter Results Independent
Difference

D/C Peak Acceleration 0.884 0.884 0.00%

COMPUTER FILE: AISC DG11 2ND EDITION EXAMPLE 001.EDB

CONCLUSION
The results show an excellent comparison with the independent results. The
girder deflection is slightly different, which carries over into a slight difference in
girder frequency.

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 3

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HAND CALCULATION
Properties:
Materials:
ASTM A992 Grade 50 Steel
Esteel = 29,000 ksi, ρsteel = 490 pcf
4000 psi lightweight concrete
f c′ = 4 ksi, ρconcrete = 110 pcf
1.5
Econcrete= wconcrete • f 'c = 1101.5 • 4= 2307.38 ksi

1.35 • Econcrete =
Econcrete dynamic = 1.35 • 2307.38ksi =
3114.96ksi

Esteel 29000ksi
=n = = 9.3
Econcrete dynamic 3114.96ksi

Frame Object Sections:

Beam: W18x35
dbeam = 17.7 in, Abeam = 10.3 in2, Ibeam = 510 in4
wbeam = Abeam • ρ steel = 10.3in 2 • 490 pcf = 35plf

Girder: W21x50
dgirder = 20.8 in, Agirder = 14.7 in2, Igirder = 984 in4
wgirder = Agirder • ρ steel = 14.7 in 2 • 490 pcf = 50 plf

Column: W14x82
dcolumn = 14.3 in

Deck Geometry:
ds = 5.25 in, hr = 2 in
tc = d s − hr = 5.25in − 2 in = 3.25in

sr =12 in, br,top =7 in, br,bottom =5 in

br = (br top + br bottom ) / 2 =
br ,average = (7in + 5in) / 2 =
6in

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 4

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Weight of deck components:

wdeck,steel = 2.04 psf
= ρ concrete • (tc + h=
wdeck ,concrete r) 110 pcf • (3.25in + 2 in)
= 38.96 psf

wdeck =wdeck ,steel + wdeck ,concrete =2.04 psf + 38.96 psf =41psf

Layout:
Beams (N-S):
Beam spacing, sbeam = 10 ft = 120 in
Beam span, Lj = 35 ft = 420 in
# of bays = 3
floor length =# of bays • L j =3 • 35ft =105ft

Girders (E-W):
Girder span, Lg = 30 ft = 360 in

Girder clear span, Lg clear = Lg − 2 • d column = 360 in − 2 • 14.3in = 345.7 in

2 2
# of bays = 5
floor width =# of bays • Lg =5 • 30 ft =150 ft

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 5

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Deck over Beam transformed Moment of Inertia:

Effective width:
beff = 0.4 • L j ≤ sbeam = 0.4 • 35ft ≤ 10 ft = 14 ft ≤ 10 ft
= 10 ft = 120 in
While the original DG11 example computes the moment of inertia of the deck based
on its average thickness, the application computes it based on its actual geometry.
The same is done here.
Deck components areas and centroids measured from the bottom of the deck:
Aslab =tc • beff =3.25in • 120 in =390 in 2

tc 3.25in
y slab = hr + = 2 in + = 3.63in
2 2
(br top + br bottom ) / 2 6 in
Aribs =hr • • beff =2 in • • 120 in =120 in 2
sr 12 in

hr • (2 • br top + br bottom ) 2 • (2 • 7 in + 5in)

=yribs = = 1.06in
3 • (br top + br bottom ) 3 • (7 in + 5in)

Moment of inertia:
Moment Arm,
Area Ay Ay2 I0
Element y, from Bottom
A (in2) (in.3) (in,4) (in.4)
of Deck (in.)
Slab 390 3.63 1,414 5,125 343.3
Deck ribs 120 1.06 126 134 39.6
510 1,540 5,259 382.9

Ix =I 0 + Ay 2 =383in 4 + 5,529 in 4 =5, 642 in 4

1,540 in 3
=y = 3.02 in.
510 in 2
2
I deck = I x − A • y = 5,642 − 510 • 3.022 = 988,7 in 4

I deck 988.7 in 3
I deck transformed
= = = 106.3in 3
n 9.3

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 6

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Beam Properties:
Transformed Beam Moment of Inertia:
Aslab 390in 2
Aslab transformed
= = = 41.9 in 2
n 9.3
d beam tc 17.7 in 3.25in
yc ,slab−beam= + hr + = + 2 in + = 12.5in from the center of
2 2 2 2
the beam steel section.
Transformed Moment Arm,
Ay Ay2 I0
Element Area y, from steel
(in.3) (in,4) (in.4)
A (in2) centroid(in.)
Slab 41.9 12.5 522.9 6,527 36.9
W18x35 10.3 0 0 0 510
52.2 522.9 6,527 546.9

I x =I 0 + Ay 2 =546.9 in.4 + 6, 257 in.4 =7,074 in.4

522.9 in 3
=y = 10.02 in.
52.24in 2
2
I j = I x − A • y = 7, 074 − 52.2 • 10.022 = 1833.8 in 4

Effective Beam Panel Beam Weight:

The transformed slab moment of inertia per unit width, Ds, is equal to:
I deck transformed 106.3in 4 4
=Ds = = 10.63 in
beff 10ft ft

The transformed beam moment of inertia per unit width, Dj, is equal to:
Ij 1833.8in 4 4
Dj
= = = 183.34 in
sbeam 10ft ft

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 7

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Since the beams are not parallel to a free edge, the factor Cj is equal to 2, and the
beam panel effective width, Bj, is equal to:
0.25
D  2
=B j C j  s  • Lj ≤ • floor width
D 3
 j 
0.25
 10.63 in 4 
ft  2
=2 •  • 35ft ≤ • 150ft
 1833.8 in 4  3
 ft 
= 34.35ft ≤ 100 ft

The distributed line load on the beam, wj, is the sum of the line load corresponding to
the self-weight of the beam, wj self, plus the line loads corresponding to the weight of
the deck, and to the distributed superimposed dead load and live load:
w j = w j self + ( wdeck + wSDL + wLL ) • sbeam = 35 plf + ( 41psf + 4 psf + 11psf ) • 10 ft
= 595 plf
The supported weight per unit of area of the beam, wbeam, is equal to the distributed
line load on the beam divided by the beam spacing:
wj 595plf
w=
beam = = 59.5plf
sbeam 10ft

The effective beam panel weight, Wj, is given by DG11 Equation 4.2:
W j = C j • wbeam • B j • L j = 1.5 • 59.5 psf • 34.35ft • 35ft = 107, 304 lb

Because the adjacent beam span, 35ft, is greater than 0.7 of the beam span and the
beam is shear connected to the girder, the weight of the beam panel has been
adjusted by a factor of 1.5 to account for continuity as explained in DG11 Section
4.1.2.
Beam Deflection and fundamental Frequency:
The beam deflection, ∆j, is equal to:
5 • 595 plf • ( 35ft )
4
5 • w j • L4j
=∆j = = 0.378in
384 • Esteel • I j 384 • 29, 000 ksi • 1833.5in 4

The fundamental frequency of the beam, fj, is given by DG11 Equation 3-3:

g 386 in
f j =0.18 • =0.18 • s2 =5.75 Hz
∆j 0.378in

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 8

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REVISION NO.: 1

Girder Properties:
Transformed Girder Moment of Inertia:
Effective widths:
beff slab= min ( 0.2 • Lg , 0.5 • L j ,left ) + min ( 0.2 • Lg , 0.5 • L j ,right )
min ( 6 ft,17.5ft ) + min ( 6 ft,17.5ft ) =
= 12 ft =
144 in

beff slab 144 in

beff rib
= = = 72 in
2 2
Centroids, measured from the center of the girder steel section:
d girder tc 20.8in 3.25in
yc ,slab− girder
= + hr + = + 2 in + = 14.03in
2 2 2 2
d girder 20.8in
yc rib− girder = + yribs = + 1.06 in = 11.46 in
2 2
Transformed deck properties:
tc • beff slab 3.25 • 144 in 2
Aslab
= transformed = = 50.3in 2
n 9.3
hr • beff ,rib,transformed 2.0 in • 72 in
Arib,transformed
= = = 15.5in 2
n 9.3
Moment of inertia:
Moment Arm
Transformed from
Area Centroid Ay Ay2 I0
Element A (in2) y (in.) (in.3) (in,4) (in.4)
Slab 50.3 14.03 706 9,899 44.3
Deck ribs 15.5 11.46 177 2,032 5.1
W21x50 14.7 0 0 0 984
80.5 883 11,931 1033.4

Ix =I 0 + Ay 2 =1033.4 in 4 + 11, 931in 4 =12, 964 in 4

883in 3
=y = 11.0 in.
80.5in 2

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 9

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

2
I g = I x − A • y = 12,964 − 80.5 • 11.02 = 3, 275.8 in 4

Effective Girder Panel Weight:

The transformed total moment of inertia per unit width of the girder, Dg, is equal to:
I g 3275.8in 4 4
D= = = 93.59 in
g
Lj 35ft ft

Since the beams frame into the girder web, the factor Cg for the girder is equal to 1.8
and, per DG11 Equation 4-4, the girder panel effective width is equal to:
0.25
D  2
Bg = Lg • C g •  j  ≤ • floor length
D 3
 g 
0.25
 183.38 in 4 
ft  2
= 30 ft • 1.8 •  ≤ • 105ft
 93.59 in 4  3
 ft 
= 63.89 ft ≤ 70 ft

The total load supported by the girder, Wtotal,girder, is the sum of the total self-weight
of the girder plus four times the total reaction at the end of each of the beams
framing in, Pbeam on girder:
w j • L j 595 plf • 35ft
Pbeam=
on girder = = 10.413kip
2 2
50 plf 345.7 in
= wgirder • Lgirder clear + 4 • Pbeam on girder
Wtotal girder = • + 4 • 10.413kip
1000 l b/kip 12 in/ft
= 43.09 kip

The supported weight per unit area of the girder, wg, is equal to the total load
supported by the girder divided by its tributary area, Atrib girder:
Atrib girder =2 • Atrib,beam =2 • sbeam • L j =2 • 10ft • 35ft =700sq.ft.

Wtotal girder 43.09 kip

=wg = = 61.56 psf
Atrib girder 700sq.ft.

The effective panel girder weight, Wg, is given by DG11 Equation 4.2:
Wg = wg • Bg • Lg = 61.56 psf • 63.89 ft • 30 ft = 117, 992 lb

Wg is not increased by 50% because the girder frames into columns.

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 10

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Girder Deflection and fundamental Frequency:

The referenced example computes an approximate girder deflection assuming a
uniform load. To better match the results, a more accurate method is used here.
The component of the girder deflection caused by its self-weight, ∆g,self, is equal to:
5 • 50 plf • ( 345.7 in )
4
5 • wgirder • Lg clear 4
=∆ g self = = 0.008in
384 • Esteel • I g 384 • 29000 ksi • 3275.8in 4

The component of the girder deflection caused by the reactions of the four beams
framing in, ∆g,beams, is given by:
d column 14.3in
xBeamOnGirder =sbeam − =120 in − =112.85in
2 2
2 • Pbeam on girder • xbeam on girder • ( 3 • L2g ,clear − 4 • xBeamOnGirder
2
)
∆ g beam =
24 • E • I g

=
(
2 • 10.413kip • 112.85in • 3 • ( 345.7 in ) − 4 • (112.85in )
2

0.317 in
2
)
24 • 29, 000 ksi • 3, 275.8in 4

The girder deflection, ∆g, is the sum of ∆g,self plus ∆g,beams:

∆ g = ∆ g self + ∆ g beam = 0.008in + 0.317 in = 0.325in

The fundamental frequency of the girder is given by DG11 Equation 3-3:

g 386 in
f g =0.18 • =0.18 • s2 =6.20Hz
∆g 0.325in

Combined Mode Properties:

Floor fundamental Frequency:
The floor fundamental frequency, fn, is given by DG11 Equation 3-4:

g 386 in
0.18 •
fn = 0.18 •
= s2 4.22 Hz
=
∆ j + ∆g 0.378in + 0.325in

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 11

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REVISION NO.: 1

Effective combined Mode Panel Weight:

Because the girder span (30ft) is less than the panel width (32.3ft), the girder
deflection ∆ g is reduced according to DG11 Equation 4.6:

'
 Lgirder   30 
∆=
g  0.5 ≤ ≤ 1 • ∆=
 g  0.5 ≤ ≤ 1 • 0.325 in
= 0.874 • 0.325 in
 Bj   34.35 
= 0.284 in
The effective combined mode panel weight, W, is given by DG11 Equation 4-5:
∆j ∆ 'g
W
= •Wj + • Wg
∆ j + ∆ 'g ∆ j + ∆ 'g
0.378in 0.284 in
= • 107, 304 lb + • 117, 992 lb
0.378in + 0.284 in 0.378in + 0.284 in
= 111,891lb

Evaluation:
Consistent with the original example, the damping ratio, β, is taken as equal to 0.03.

The predicted peak acceleration, ap, is given by DG11 Equation 4.1:

ap Po • e −0.35• f n 65lb • e −0.35•4.217
= = = 0.00442 = 0.44%
g β •W 0.03 • 111,881lb

ap must be less than the maximum acceptable acceleration, a0, which is given by
DG11 Table 4-1:
a0
= 0.5%
= 0.005
g
The vibration demand/capacity ratio is equal to:
D = a= p / g 0.0044
= 0.884
C Walking a / g 0.005
0

AISC 360 DG11 2nd Edition Example 001 - 12