DAV MODEL SCHOOL. DURGAPUR(W.B.
)
CLASS- XII SCIENCE
SUMMER HOLIDAY HOMEWORK
SESSION-2025-2026
NOTE:
Students are advised to do the Summer Holiday Homework in their respective subject
notebook for all the subjects. The notebooks are to be kept ready for submission when the
school reopens.
ENGLISH
PROJECT :
TOPIC : CHILD LABOUR
TASK 1:
Collect information and photographs on child labour through any of the following activity:
Watch a movie / video / documentary
Read articles / books
Visit cites and interact
TASK 2 :
Write down (In English project file) a reflective essay in 800-1000 words on the information gathered.
Affix suitable photographs.
Classwork notebooks to be updated till the lessons taught in the classes.
SUBJECT –PHYSICS
1. A thin equiconvex lens has focal length 10 cm and refractive index 1.5. One of its surface is now silvered and for an
object placed at a distance u in front of it, the image coincides with the object. The value of u is
(a) 10 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 20 cm
2. An equiconvex lens is cut into two halves along (i)XOX′ and (ii)YOY′ as shown in the figure. Let f, f′ and f'' be the
focal lengths of the complete lens, of each half in case (i), and of each half in case (ii), respectively.
Choose the correct statement from the following
(a) f′=f, f''=2f (b) f′=2f, f''=f (c) f′=f, f''=f (d) f′=2f, f''=2f
For question numbers 3 and 4 two statements are given-one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled Reason (R).
Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is also false
3. Assertion (A): In optical fibre, the diameter of the core is kept small.
Reason (R): This smaller diameter of the core ensures that fibre should have incident angle more than
the critical angle required for total internal reflection.
4. Assertion (A): Within a glass slab, a double convex air bubble is formed. This air bubble behaves like a converging
lens.
Reason(R): Refractive index of air is more than the refractive index of glass.
5. A light ray entering a right‐angled prism undergoes refraction at the face AC as shown.
(a) What is the refractive index of the prism as shown below?
(b) If the side AC of the above prism is now bounded by a liquid of refractive index 2/√3, determine the
refractive index of prism if the light ray continues to graze along the interface AC OR undergoes total internal
reflection or undergoes refraction into the liquid.
6. A point is placed in front of thick plane mirror as shown in figure. Draw the ray diagram and find the location of final
image with respect to object.
7. A convex lens of focal length 15cm is placed in front of a convex mirror. Both are coaxial and the lens is 5 cm from the
apex of the mirror. When an object is placed on the axis at a distance of 20 cm from the lens, its is found that image
coincides with the object. Calculate the radius of curvature of mirror.
8. With the help of suitable ray diagram, discuss the working of compound microscope for final image at i) least distance
of distinct vision and ii) infinity. Hence obtain the expression of their magnifying power.
9. Physics activity:
Write six activities from your practical syllabus and complete the activity file (shoe lace file).
CHEMISTRY
1 Answer the following multiple choice questions carrying one (01) mark each :
(A) What will be value of van’t Hoff factor when a compound undergoes tetramerization in an
organic solvent?
(i) 4 (ii) ¼ (iii) 2 (iv) ½
(B) An azeotropic mixture of two liquids boils at a temperature lower than either of the two liquid
components when:
(i) it is saturated
(ii) it does not deviate from Raoult’s law.
(iii) it shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law.
(iv) it shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law.
(C) Standard electrode potentials of three metals X, Y and Z are -1.2 V, +0.5 V and -3.0 V
respectively. The reducing power of these metals will be :
(i) X > Y > Z (ii) Y > Z > X (iii) Y > X > Z (iv) Z > X > Y
(D) Standard electrode potential for Sn4+ / Sn2+ couple is + 0.15 V and that for Cr3+/Cr is - 0.74 V.
These two couples in their standard state are connected to make a cell. The standard cell potential
will be:
(i) +1.83 V (ii) + 1.19 V (iii) +0.89 V (iv) +0.18 V
(E) In a galvanic cell, the electrons flow from:
(i) anode to cathode through the solution
(ii) cathode to anode through the solution
(iii) anode to cathode through the external circuit
(iv) cathode to anode through the external circuit.
(F) Sprinkling of salt helps in clearing the snow-covered roads in hills. The phenomenon involved in
the process is:
(i) lowering in vapour pressure of snow
(ii) depression in freezing point of snow
(iii) melting of ice due to increase in temperature by putting salt
(iv) increase in freezing point of snow
(G) Which of the following solutions shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law?
(a) Acetone + Aniline
(b) Acetone + Ethanol
(c) Water + Nitric acid
(d) Chloroform + Benzene
(H) Vapour pressure of a pure liquid X is 2 atm at 300 K. It is lowered to 1 atm on dissolving 1 g of
Y in 20 g of liquid X. If molar mass of X is 200, what is the molar mass of Y?
(a) 20
(b) 50
(c) 100
(d) 200
(I) A solution containing 10.2 g glycerine per litre is isotonic with a 2% solution of glucose. What
is the molecular mass of glycerine?
(a) 91.8 g
(b) 1198 g
(c) 83.9 g
(d) 890.3 g
(J) A 5% solution by mass of cane sugar in water has freezing point of 271 K and freezing point of
pure water is 273.15 K. The freezing point of a 5% solution (by mass) of glucose in water is :
(i) 271 K (ii) 273.15K (iii) 269.07 K (iv) 277.23 K
Following are the short answer type questions carrying two (02) marks each :
2 State Raoult’s law for the solution containing two volatile components. What is the similarity and
difference between Raoult’s law and Henry’s law?
3 Derive the expression for elevation in boiling point temperature and also derive the relationship
between elevation in boiling point temperature and observed molecular mass of the solute.
4 Calculate the mass of compound (molar mass = 256 g mol-1) to be dissolved in 75 g of benzene to
lower its freezing point by 0.48 K (Kf = 5.12 K kg mol-1).
5 Write down the differences between non-ideal solutions showing positive and negative deviations
from Raoult's law . Also draw the suitable graphs for these.
Following are the short answer type questions carrying three (03) marks each:
6 (i) On mixing liquid X and liquid Y, the volume of the resulting solution increases. What type of
deviation from Raoult’s law is shown by the resulting solution? What change in temperature would
you observe after mixing liquids X and Y?
(ii) How can the direction of osmosis be reversed? Write one use of reverse osmosis.
7 0.5 g of KCl was dissolved in 100 g of water and the solution originally at 200C, froze at
- 0.24 0C. Calculate the percentage ionization of salt.
( Kf per 1000 g of water = 1.86 0C).
Consider the above diagram of electrochemical cell and answer the following questions:
(i) Write the direction of current flow.
(ii) Mention the carriers of current within the cell and outside the cell.
(iii) Write the cell reaction and representation of the cell.
9
Following question is a long answer type question carrying 5 marks:
(i) A voltaic cell is set up at 250C with the following
half cells:
Al / Al3+ (0.001 M) and Ni / Ni2+ (0.50 M)
Write an equation for the reaction that occurs when the cell generates an electric current and
determine the cell potential.
Given E0 Ni2+/Ni = - 0.25 V and E0 Al3+/Al = - 1.66 V
( log 8 x 10-6 = - 0.54)
(ii) Why is a person suffering from high blood pressure is advised to take minimum quantity of
common salt?
(iii) State Henry’s law. Write any two limitations and applications of Henry’s law.
Project work for the subject Chemistry:
There will be project work consisting of 4 marks that each or individual student has to write in
their hard covered shoe lace file provided. The write up in pdf forms will be given by the
respective subject teachers in the respective class groups. Other necessary information for
writing the project will also be given at the same time in the class groups.
SUBJECT - MATHEMATICS
1. Consider the set A containing n elements. Then, find the total number of injective functions from A on
itself.
2. Find the total number of functions from the set X= {3,4,5, 6} to the set Y={𝑎, 𝑏.𝑐}.
3. R is a relation defined by R={(𝑥, 𝑥 3 ): 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 5} , then find the range of R.
4. Find the number of injective mappings that can be defined from P to Q, P has 3 elements and Q has
4 elements.
5. Check whether the relation R defined on the set A= {1,2,3,4,5, 6} as R={(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1} is
reflexive.
√3−1
6. Find the principal value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( 2√2 ).
𝜋 √3
7. Find the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛 {2 −𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− )}
2
4 𝑥+2
8. If 𝐴 = [ ] is a symmetric matrix, then find the value of x.
2𝑥 − 3 𝑥 + 1
9. If 𝐴 is a square matrix of order 3 such that A2=2A, then find the value of |𝐴|.
3 1
10. If X= [ ] , show that X2 - 5X + 7I=0.
−1 2
cos 𝑥 𝜋 𝜋
11. Express the following in the simplest form tan−1 (1−sin 𝑥) , − 2 < 𝑥 < 2
12. Prove that 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (tan−1 2) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (cot −1 3) = 15
13. Find the domain of the function f(x)=cos-1x+sin-12x.
1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
14. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 given by 𝑓(𝑥) = { 0, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 = 0 is neither one-one nor onto.
−1, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 < 0
15. Let A= {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐} and the relation R be defined on A as follows R={(𝑎, 𝑎), (𝑏, 𝑐), (𝑎, 𝑏)}. Then, write
minimum number of order pairs to be added in R to make R reflexive and transitive.
SUBJECT: BIOLOGY
Answer the questions in Classwork copy only.
The same is to be submitted on the first day of reopening of school after summer break.
Directions: In the following questions of 1-3, a statement of assertion is followed by
a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as:
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
1. Assertion : If pollen mother cells have 42 chromosomes, the pollen has only 21 chromosomes.
Reason : Pollens are formed after meiosis from the pollen mother cell.
2. Assertion : Nuclear endosperm is formed by subsequent nuclear division without wall formation.
Reason : Coconut is an example of such endosperm, where the endosperm remains nuclear throughout the
development of the fruit.
3. Assertion: Exine of a pollen grain is made up of sporopollenin which are resistant to high temperatures,
strong acids or alkali as well as enzymatic degradation.
Reason: Sporopollenin are absent in the region of germ pores.
4. Read the following and answer the questions that follow :
In angiosperm the seed is the final product of fertilisation. It is described as fertilised ovule. The seeds are
formed inside the fruit and the seed comprises of seed coat, integument, embryonal axis and micropyle. A
mature seed can be albuminous or ex albuminous. Sometimes due to deficiency in metabolic activities the
seed undergoes a dormant stage but remains viable. The ripened ovary matures to form fruit which can be
called as true fruit. If it is formed from any other part or without fertilisation it is called false fruit.
a. Why is apple and strawberry called false fruit?
b. Monocot seeds are albuminous or exalbuminous. Comment with suitable examples.
c. Can seeds be formed without fertilization? If yes, list down the processes.
d. What is formed first, fruit or seed? Why?
e. Name the plant which has the maximum dormancy period.
5. In the monohybrid cross of red and white flowers, Mendel got only red flowers. On selfing the F1 plants
having red flowers he got both plants with red and white flowers. But when the Red flowers of Snapdragon
were crossed with White flowers , in the F1 generation all flowers were pink. Explain the basis of having
such deviated result from Mendel’s Experiment. Work out the cross of selfing the pink flowers and predict
the result of F2 generation.
6. How many chromosomes would you expect in the following, if the number of chromosomes in
an angiosperm leaf tissue is 18?
1. Endosperm 2. Embry 3. Antipodal cell 4. Integument and nucleus
7. Is it possible to have a haemophilic child from two non -haemophilic parents. Give all the possible
genotypes of the parents and other offsprings . Can a girlchild be colourblind ? What is the condition for
it?
8. a. What is parthenogenesis? Male honey bees do not have fathers but have grand fathers. Justify the
statement.
b. Sex determination in animals is a blend of both Homogametic and Heterogametic organisms.
Explain with examples.
c. Sex determination in honey bee is haplodiploidy type. Explain with a suitable flowchart.
9.. What is codominance and how is it different from incomplete dominance?
10. Give examples of the following diseases with symptoms/syndromes.
a. Trisomy of 21st chromosome
b. Trisomy of X chromosome
c. Monosomy of X chromosome.
11. Draw and label the structure of monosporic 7 celled, octa nucleate embryo sac.
12. What is pleiotropy ? Apart from Phenylketonuria can we consider Sickle cell anaemia and Seed
structure and shape of maize grains. as an example of pleiotropy? Justify your statement.
13. What is apomixis? How are apomictic seeds better than High Yielding Varieties of the same
species ?
SUMMER HOLIDAY HOMEWORK
GUIDELINES FOR BIOLOGY PROJECT (Class XII) SESSION: 2025-26
a. Every student need to make a project on biology ( any one topic ), based on the curriculum of class XII.
b. The major topics from where the students can choose
i. Comparative analysis of the nutrients found in milk of different branded companies.
ii. . Flora and fauna of Durgapur- an indigenous survey report .
iii. Effects of pollution on Eye in Durgapur…. A survey.
iv. Effect of Neem ( Azadirecta indica ) extract in breeding of mosquitoes --- a natural insecticide.
v. DNA Finger printing and its application to detect COVID19 + ve.
vi. PCR in detecting corona Virus – Technique and its application.
vii. To observe the effect of synthetic Auxins ( PGR) in the growth of onion roots.
viii. Effect of Calotropis(Calotropis procera) extract in breeding of mosquitoes --- a natural insecticide
ix. Survey on Population density of Durgapur/Diseases of Durgapur/ Malnutrition and under nutrition.
x. Effect of Sucrose/Nutrient medium/chemical exposures in the growth of pollen tube.
xi. Presence of nutrients in the Algal Bloom and its utilization in horticulture.
xii. Study of different types of pollen grains and make a comparative chart of the structure and the
germ pores.
xiii. Hydroponics and role of nutrients in it..
xiv. Vertical farming – a boon for human civilization
xv. Comparative study of nutrients of 5 different branded carbonated aerated drinks.
xvi. Effect of antibiotics on the growth of bacteria in a culture medium.
xvii. Effect of detergents on seed germination in soil culture. .
xviii. Any 5 common plants – use in pharmacognosy and its medicinal values….A report .
xix. Comparative study of manures, fertilizers and organic farming …boon for future agriculture.
xx. Diabetes – Occupational or life style effect- a survey.
xxi. Biopesticide, Bioinsecticide and Bio fertilizers ….an ecological relief . A report.
xxii. Rice Genome Project ….A report.
xxiii. Restriction endonucleases … Biotechnological tool for future Genetic Engineering.
xxiv. Eichornea –a deadly killer to most wanted weed ….A report .
xxv. Parthenium- a poisonous weed to charcoal … An ecological booster.
xxvi. Menarch and menopause in rural and urban girls….a comparative report.
xxvii. Study of 5 common weeds of Durgapur...
c. The project report should comprise of minimum 25 pages.
d. Project report need to be written in the shoe lace project files provided.
e. Any other relevant topic or Experimentation research work may be taken into consideration.
f. Either a survey report or a case study may be submitted as a project work.
g. The project report have to be written under the following heads .
i. Cover page with the title of the project.
ii. Acknowledgement.
iii. Index.
iv. Introduction.
v. Why the project is selected?
vi. Literature review- State of the art. (Background and relevance of the topic)
vii. Research Objectives
viii. Procedure or Methodology
ix. Experimentation / Survey
x. Result Analysis
xi. Conclusion
xii. Futuristic approach/Challenges
xiii. Bibliography.
h. Photographs / Survey report/ Graphs / pie charts may also be included in the report. but to be
done/pasted in the white sheets of the report.
SUBJECT: COMPUTER SCIENCE
1. Define LEGB rule used for checking identifier used in a program.
2. Why strings are called as immutable type? Briefly explain about some functions used in string operation.
3. Differentiate between break and continue statement using appropriate example.
4. What is a dictionary? Explain at least two functions used in dictionary.
5. How many values can be returned from a function? Write the syntax to return different types of
values from a function.
6. Difference between Call by value and Call by Reference with suitable example.
7. With suitable example show the working of different types of arguments used in a Function.
8. Differentiate between local, global and nonlocal variables used in function with suitable example.
9. WAP to calculate compound interest using a function which receives Principal, time and rate of
interest as argument and return the calculated interest. The default values for time is 2 years and rate of
interest is 10%.
10. WAP to generate 10 unique random numbers between any two range of values, where the
range of values will be used as argument to a function.
11. Write a Python program to create a dictionary from a string. using Function.
Note: Track the count of the letters from the string.
Sample string : 'w3resource'
Expected output: {'3': 1, 's': 1, 'r': 2, 'u': 1, 'w': 1, 'c': 1, 'e': 2, 'o': 1}
12. Write a Python program to get the top three items in a shop. using Function which receive the
dictionary as argument.
Sample data: {'item1': 45.50, 'item2':35, 'item3': 41.30, 'item4':55, 'item5':
24} Expected Output:
item4 55
item1 45.5
item3 41.3
13. Write a program to display the frequency of each word present in a string using dictionary. Each word
must be the key and frequency is the value using Function where function receive the string and returns the
dictionary.
14. Exercise Question 5: Create an inner function to calculate the Multiplication in the following way
● Create an outer function that will accept two parameters a and b
● Create an inner function inside an outer function that will calculate the factorial of b.
● At last, an outer function will return a value by multiplying a with factorial of b.
15. Write a program to check for happy number using function. (A happy number is that in which the
eventual sum of the square of the digits of the number is equals to 1.
Ex:
28=2**2+8**2=68
68=
6**2+8**2=100
100= 1**2=1
ECONOMICS
MACROECONOMICS
CREATE A DIGITAL NEWSPAPER (A3 SIZE)
GROUP ACTIVITY (5 members in each group)
TOPIC: Background of New Economics Policy (1991).
Students to research on the topic to gather relevant information (other than textbook information) , facts and
details. Groupwise students plan the layout of the newspaper, including the sections, headlines, articles. They
may design the newspaper layout using desktop publishing software or by hand, paying attention to
formatting, typography, images, and other visual elements. The final newspaper is to be put up in the class
display board.
2. INDIVIDUAL PROJECT WORK
TOPIC: A) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s)- ODD ROLL NO. STUDENTS
B) Government Budget- EVEN ROLL NO. STUDENTS
Each student must prepare a questionnaire containing 12-15 question on the topics mentioned above
(according to their roll no.) and submit printout of the same after the Summer Vacation.
SUBJECT: PSYCHOLOGY
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. ‘Performance of an intelligence test is not the only measure for identifying the gifted. Justify the statement
with the help of an example.
2. Why is self-control important for adult development?
3. Your friend Sunil is a master planer for any program. You asked Sunil to plan for a YouTube channel where
you & your friends can start building awareness against common superstitions. Illustrate your understanding
about Sunil’s ability with reference to a suitable intelligence theory.
4. Critically differentiate the core concepts of Post Freudian theories from psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund
Freud.
PRACTICAL/PROJECT WORK:
1. Complete the writing of second practical (i.e. Assessment of Personality by using Maudsley Personality
Inventory) in Practical Lab Notebook.
2. Complete the writing of Case Study in a separate lab note book.
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SUBJECT: PAINTING
Q1. Mention the name of the painter of each of the following miniature painting included in your course of
Study.
i) Bharat Meets Rama at Chitrakut.
ii) Krishna on Swing.
iii) Radha (Bani- Thani).
iv) Chaugan Players.
v) Maru Ragini
Q2. Mention the name of any four sub schools of Rajasthani School of Miniature Painting included in your
course of study .
Q3. Write a short note on subject matter of Rajasthani miniature painting " Chaugan Players".
Q4. Evaluate the composition arrangement of Rajasthani miniature painting " Maru- Ragini".
Q5. Mention any three features of Rajasthani School of Miniature Painting . .
Q6. Draw and colour any one Indian folk painting with any medium.
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PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Any one sports / games of IOA approved. Its history, skills(4), terminologies(4), personalities(4),
tournaments (4) and drawing of field/court with all.
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HEALTH CARE
1. What is stress and how to manage it?
2. What do you mean by personality disorder? Write some measures to overcome them.
3. Observe some old people in your surrounding and tabulate the myths and facts related to ageing.
4. List all the age-related changes (physical and psychological) that occur in aged people.
5. What are the factors that be a barrier to active listening? How can we overcome the barriers to active listening?
(Answer in tabular form)
6. Project- Describe the different types of bandages and also paste pictures to show the pattern. (to be done in
practical copy)
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LIBRARY SCIENCE
Prepare a report (hardcopy) and a power point presentation on any Institutional Library (other than a
School Library)
Covering the it's aspects like -
1. A brief Introduction of the institution
2. Mission and Vision of the institution (with focus on library)
3. Objectives of the institution (with focus on library)
4. Details about their library -
5. Number of books
6. Other reading materials available
7. User base
8. Sections of the library
9. Services offered
10. Details about the type of staffs
11. Provision of digital library and e content
12. Database subscribed
13. Library policy
14. Automation software used
15. Library rules
16. Other special details about the library
The project should include a
Contents page
A proper bibliography with the time of visit of the websites used & sufficient photos of the library
Each student needs to choose a different institution and post their choice in the WhatsApp group, so
that there is no repetition of institutions.
