DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL

Class-10
Assignment Class X
A. Check the Right Answer (1*58)

1. A ................................................................. is a document commonly written in HTML (Hypertext Markup

Language) that is hosted on the Internet.
a. Domain b. Web page c. URL d. None of these
Ans: Web page
2. Name the component that denotes the global address of the documents and other resources on the World Wide
Web.
a. Web Page b. Blog c. URL d. None of these
Ans: URL
3. Name the online platform that is an easy-to-create website, consisting of a signed and dated log of individual
posting.
a. Blog b. Website c. Domain d. None of these
Ans: Blog
4. Name the system that allows one to send and receive letters and attachments.
a. Chat b. E-mail c. Web Portal d. None of these
Ans: E-mail
5. What is the name of character-based addressing system?
a. DNS b. URL c. DSN d. None of these
Ans: DNS
6. Name the system that aids in managing the content of a website.
a. CMS b. http c. https d. None of these
Ans: CMS
7. The content of a web page is made up of ......................................................................... .
a. Graphics b. Text c. Hypertext and Hyperlinks d. All of these
Ans: All of these
8. Which server is commonly used for hosting our websites or can be used for hosting files, images, games, and
similar contents?
a. Application Server b. Web Server c. Internet Server d. None of these
Ans: Web Server
9. Which one of these is an extension of International organisations?
a. .net b. .ins c. .int d. None of these
Ans: .int
10. The ......................................................................... is responsible for the right delivery of the data over the
Internet.
a. IP b. TCP c. FTP d. None of these
Ans: IP
11. What is the last part of a URL called?
a. Path b. Scheme c. Domain d. None of these
Ans: Path
12. HTTPS protocol encrypts the information or data using the ......................................................................... .
a. Transport Layer Security b. Layer Security Transport c. LayerTransport Security d. None of
these
Ans: Transport Layer Security
13. Which one of these is an extension of information domain ......................................................................... .
a. .net b. .info c. .ins d. .int
Ans: .info
14. Full form of FTP is .......................................... .
a. Fast Transfer Protocol b. File Transfer Protocol c. Full Transfer Protocol d. File Transit Protocol
Ans: File Transfer Protocol
15. HTML uses .......................................... tags.
a. Predefined b. User defined c. Both a and b d. All of these
Ans: Predefined
16. A software used to open web pages on the Internet is called a .......................................... .
a. Surfer b. Portal c. Browser d. Provider
Ans: Browser
17. .............................. e-mail means you need to install a program on your computer to read the e-mail.
a. Web-based b. Internet c. Application-based d. None of these
Ans: Application-based
18. While sending the same e-mail to various people, the ................................... option is used only when the list of
recipients is not to be shared with others.
a. To b. Cc c. Bee d. None of these
Ans: Bee
19. ............................. folder of an e-mail account contains all the received e-mails.
a. Spam b. Drafts c. Inbox d. Trash
Ans: Inbox
20. ................. is an IP based packet-switching integrated system with a high-speed data transmission rate of 100
Mbps to 1Gbps.
a. 3G b. 4G c. 5G d. 2G
Ans: 4G
21. SMTP is an acronym for ....................................... .
a. Simple Message Transfer Protocol b. Sample Message Transfer Protocol c. Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol d. Simple Message Text Protocol
Ans: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
22. Which protocol helps to retrieve e-mails from a remote web server using a local client?
a. IMAP b. POP3 c. SMTP d. HTTP
Ans: POP3
23. Which Internet service involves the risk of online money fraud?
a. E-learning b. E-shopping c. E-mail d. Chat
Ans: E-shopping
24. ............................. is like a private chat room where both the users must be on line at the same time.
a. ICQ b. IRC c. IM d. Web Chat
Ans: IM
25. The use of Internet or other electronic means to harass a person is termed as .............................. .
a. Cyber Space b. Cyber Policing c. Cyber Net d. Cyber Bullying
Ans: Cyber Bullying
26. Facebook, Twitter, and Linkedln are the examples of .............................. .
a. Chat Software b. Social Networking Sites c. Webmail Application d. Network Sharing
Ans: Social Networking Sites
27. Which protocol is used to send messages from a mail client to a mail server?
a. FTP b. IP c. SMTP d. TCP/IP
Ans: SMTP
28. What is the full form of POP?
a. Post Office Program b. Pre Office Protocol c. Post Office Protocol d. Post Office Provider
Ans: Post Office Protocol
29. An e-mail address consists of two parts- separated by the@ ('at') symbol, a User Name and a ........................... .
a. Address b. Domain ID c. Domain Name d. URL
Ans: Domain Name
30. Which term is used to describe a wide range of applications and processes, designed to provide guidance to
students through electronic means?
a. E-learning b. E-shopping c. E-commerce d. E-reservation
Ans: E-learning
31. www.ebay.in is an example of .............................. website.
a. E-shopping b. E-group c. E-learning d. E-reservation
Ans: E-shopping
32. A/An ........................... contains a discussion or message board where members can discuss topics of their
choice.
a. E-shopping b. Social Networking c. E-group d. E-reservation
Ans: E-group
33. Which Internet service is used for virtual meetings and involves the use of video cameras connected to two or
more computers?
a. Video Conferencing b. Chat c. E-learning d. E-group
Ans: Video Conferencing
34. Chatting on Internet is .......................................... .
a. Talking face-to-face b. Online textual talk c. Talking on phone d. None of these
Ans: Online textual talk
35. Which of the following services are available on the World Wide Web? (i) E-mail (ii) XML (iii) HT ML (iv) Video
conferencing
a. (i) and (ii) b. (ii) and (iii) c. (iii) and (iv) d. (i) and (iv)
Ans: (i) and (iv)
36. .................................. are unwanted bulk e-mails, or unwanted commercial e-mails.
a. Blog b. Attachments c. Spam d. Malware
Ans: Spam
37. The ........................................ contain elements which define how the information on a web page is formatted or
displayed.
a. Editors b. Tags c. Attributes d. None of these
Ans: Tags
38. The ........................................................................... tag contains the content of your document which gets
displayed on the web page of your browser window.
a. <HEAD> b. <BODY> c. <HTML> d. None of these
Ans: <BODY>
39. Which special property provides additional information about an HTML element?
a. Tag b. Element c. Attribute d. None of these
Ans: Attribute
40. The ALIGN attribute of tag cannot take ........................................................................... value.
a. Right b. Left c. Justify d. None of these
Ans: None of these
41. Which of the following tags helps in retaining the spacing of text or displaying the preformatted spaces on a
webpage in an HTML document?
a. < SPACE> b. < PRE> c. < SPC> d. None of these
Ans: < PRE>
42. Which tag adds a line horizontally on your web page?
a. <HR> b. <LINE> c. <LINE Direction="horizontal"> d. <TR>
Ans: <HR>
43. Choose the correct HTML tag to make the text italic.
a. <ii> b. <Italics> c. <Italic> d. <I>
Ans: <I>
44. What is the correct HTML tag for inserting a line break?
a. <BR> b. <LB> c. <Break> d. <Newline>
Ans: <BR>
45. An HTML ........................................................................... consists of an ON tag, the content, and an OFF tag.
a. Element b. Tag c. Attribute d. None of these
Ans: Element
46. Which character is used with the OFF tag?
a. end b. / c. \ d. <
Ans: /
47. The default colour of LINK attribute is ..................................................................... .
a. Red b. Black c. Green d. Blue
Ans: Blue
48. The entity which displays an '&' sign on the browser is ........................................................................... .
a. & b. <&AMP> c. &AMP d. None of these
Ans: &AMP
49. Which entity displays the ">" (greater than) sign on the browser?
a. <& GT> b. &GT c. & GRT d. None of these
Ans: &GT
50. The HTML tag for the largest heading is ........................................................................... .
a. <H1> b. <H6> c. <HEAD> d. None of these
Ans: <H1>
51. Which tag is used to define the basic font size for the whole document?
a. <BASEFONT> b. <COLOR> c. <FONT> d. <SIZE>
Ans: <BASEFONT>
52. The default value of Type attribute for an unordered list is ........................................................................... .
a. Disc b. Square c. Circle d. None of these
Ans: Disc
 53. Which of the following tags is suitable for creating a numbered list?
a. <BL> b. <OL> c. <UL> d. None of these
Ans: <OL>
54. To display (X+Y)2, the correct HTML code is:
a. (X+Y)2 b. X+Y 2 c. (X+Y) 2 d. (X+Y) 2
Ans: (X+Y) 2
55. What is the full form of DTD?
a. Document To Definition b. Dynamic To Definition c. Document Type Definition d. Direct Type
Definition
Ans: Document Type Definition
56. Anything written between ........................................................................... is taken as a comment.
a. <?--> b. <?- --?> c. < !--and--> d. </--->
Ans: < !--and-->
57. To start a list with alphabet 'E', which line should be used?
a. <OL type="A"> b. <OL type="A" start= "5" > c. <OL type="E" > d. <OL start="E" >
Ans: <OL type="A" start= "5" >
58. Which of the following is a text editor?
a. Notepad b. Wordpad c. Both a and b d. None of these
Ans: Both a and b

B. Fill in the blanks : (1*39)

1. A .............................. of computers can consist of two or more computers that can connect and share information.
Ans: NETWORK
3. WWW is an acronym for ................................................... .
Ans: WORLD WIDE WEB
5. The web uses the ................................. protocol for the transfer of the web pages over the Internet.
Ans: HYPERTEXT TRANSFER
7. A person who uses the Internet uses a software known as a ................................. to request for a document or a
web page located on the web.
Ans: WEB BROWSER
9. A ................................. is a program that runs on a machine and is meant to provide services to the machines
(clients) connected to it.
Ans: SERVER
11. A ................................. is a computer system which uses a network to access a remote service from the server.
Ans: CLIENT
13. A ................................. is a type of server which is responsible for providing web content.
Ans: WEB SERVER
15. T he ................................. has designed a system to provide a unique address to each computer in the form of
numbers or characters.
Ans: ICANN
17. ............................... have all the elements of your website which may include images, documents, templates, and
HTML files.
Ans: SITE FILES
19. The rules, which determine how the data should be transferred over the networks, compressed, and presented
on the screen, etc., are called ................................. .
Ans: PROTOCOL
21. ................................. protocol is widely used for secure communication on the Internet.
Ans: HTTPS
23. ............................... protocol determines how different programs exchange data over the Internet.
Ans: HYPERTEXT TRANSFER
25. Usenet stands for .......................................... .
Ans: USER'S NETWORK
27. A ................................. is an online discussion forum where remotely connected users share and discuss a
particular topic.
Ans: NEWSGROUP
29. IRC works on the .............................. model.
Ans: CLIENT/SERVER
31. ............................ is an electronic mailbox on a network where e-mails can be sent.
Ans: E-MAIL ACCOUNT
33. ............................ protocol is used for exchanging files between two or more computers on the Internet over
TCP/IP protocols.
Ans: FTP
35. ............................ is an example of a Video Conferencing application.
Ans: SKYPE
37. ............................ is an Indian satellite based educational channel that offers informative programmes for a wide
range of users.
Ans: GYANDARSHAN
39. ............................ is an application of e-commerce that allows purchasing of goods from any part of the world.
Ans: E-SHOPPING
41. The application that helps a user in finding information or documents from the Internet is called ........................ .
Ans: SEARCH ENGINE
43. The integration of !CT in government processes, services, and communications is called .............................. .
Ans: E-GOVERNANCE
45. The Internet service in which we can instantly send messages back and forth is called .............................. .
Ans: CHATTING
47. ............................... can be used to impart training to a large group of students at a time.
Ans: E-LEARNING
49. ............................... refers to making financial transactions using a mobile device like a smartphone, tablet, etc.
Ans: MOBILE BANKING
51. The ............................................................. section contains the content to be displayed on the web page.
Ans: BODY
53. The ............................................................. editor provides various tools and graphical interface where the web
pages are designed.
Ans: WYSIWYG
 55. ............................................................ and ............................................................. are attributes of the tag.
Ans: SIZE, WIDTH
57. The colour of the text in the HTML document can be changed using the .............................................................
attribute of the Font tag.
Ans: COLOR
59. The FACE attribute of the ............................................................. tag is used to change the typeface or the name
of the font.
Ans: <FONT>
61. The ............................................................. attribute of Body tag defines the colour of the visited links in a
document.
Ans: <VLINK>
63. The ............................................................. attribute of Body tag changes the colour of the Active link.
Ans: <ALINK>
65. The three values that can be defined with ............................................................. tag are disc, square, and circle.
Ans: <UL>
67. To specify the start value of the first item from which an ordered list should start, the
.......................................................... attribute is used.
Ans: START
69. A list created within a list is called ............................................................. list.
Ans: NESTED
71. The default colour of a hyperlink on a web page is ............................................................. .
Ans: BLUE
73. The ............................................................. tag is used to create subscripts and
............................................................. tag is used to create superscripts on a web page.
Ans: ,
75. The ............................................................. attribute is used to define the thickness of horizontal rule.
Ans: SIZE
77. The ............................................................. tag is used to insert line break on a web page.
Ans: <BR>

C. State True (T) or False ( F) (1*32)

1. The Internet works independently of the World Wide Web. TRUE

2. The Internet i s administered b y the HTTP. FALSE
3. A web page is a document commonly written i n HTML. TRUE
4. A website is a collection of publicly accessible interlinked web pages. TRUE
5. The www denotes the global address o f documents and other resources o n the World Wide Web. FALSE
6. A web portal is an easy-to-create website, which consists of a signed and dated log of individual posting
FALSE
.
7. Dynamic content refers t o web content that i s generated based o n the viewer's request and
TRUE
preferences.
8. HTTP allows access to user files. FALSE
9. In HTTP, the information or data flows from server to browser in an encrypted form. FALSE
 10. A blogger is someone who biogs or writes content for a blog. TRUE
11. Readers cannot add comments to a blogger's postings. FALSE
12. Micro-blogging is another category of biogs that comprises of short entries or updates about the
TRUE
routine tasks of an individual or a company.
13. E-mail is an expensive mode of communication. FALSE
14. An e-group provides only text based communication. FALSE
15. SMTP is capable of sending text messages only. TRUE
16. You cannot send executable files or messages larger than 25 MB with an e-mail. TRUE
17. Chat Rooms are actual rooms where a chat session takes place. FALSE
18. An e-mail address can contain spaces. FALSE
19. Google Hangouts is a popular instant messenger and is used for chatting. TRUE
20. Unsolicited bulk e-mails are called spa ms. TRUE
21. Telnet is a protocol that is used for accessing a remote computer. TRUE
22. One can access e-group anytime and remain connected to the conversation thread. TRUE
23. The title of a document can contain maximum 64 characters. TRUE
24. The Heading levels are part of the tag. FALSE
25. The VIink tag defines the colour of the link after it has been visited. TRUE
26. A list can be defined in different styles. TRUE
27. The default value for is a filled circle. FALSE
28. You can start the ordered list with a different number. TRUE
29. The colour of the hyperlinks in an HTML document cannot be changed. FALSE
30. There must be only one tag in an HTML document. TRUE
31. Unordered list type creates a bulleted list. TRUE
32. Physical structure refers to different parts of a document, i.e., how a document is built. TRUE

D. Answer the following (1*72)

1. Name the gateway to a wide range of Internet services.

Ans:WEB PORTAL
2. Which component of the URL tells the browser where the resource, i.e., the site is located on the Internet?
Ans:HOST
3. Which code contains instructions about the layout and structure of the web page?
Ans:SOURCE CODE
4. Name any one language that is used for creating dynamic content.
Ans:PHP
5. Name the basic unit of a website written in HTML and hosted on the Internet.
Ans:WEB PAGE
6. Name the type of the browser that is designed to render content in the form of pictures, audios, videos,
animations, and texts.
Ans:GUI BROWSER
7. Which type of browser demands low bandwidth for displaying content?
Ans:TEXT BASED BROWSER
8. Name the protocol used by Usenet.
Ans:NETWORK NEWS TRANSFER PROTOCOL (NNTP)
9. What are markup indicators often called?
Ans:TAGS
10. Which category of biogs is used by the professionals or companies to let their customers or clients know about
their upcoming products and the progress being made on some projects?
Ans:COMPANY BLOG
11. Write full forms for the following: a. ISP b. HTML
Ans:(A) INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER N(B) HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
12. Name any two Internet protocols.
Ans:HTTP, TCP
13. Abhinav has created a website that consists of information related to the sports club he has recently joined.
While creating the website he came to know about web servers. Suggest some names of web servers to Abhinav so
that he can host the website he has created.
Ans:FOR HOSTING HIS WEBSITE, ABHINAV CAN USE ANY OF THE FOLLOWING WEB
SERVERS:N1.APACHE SERVERN 2. MICROSOFT 115 SERVER N3. IBM LOTUS N4. SUN JAVA SYSTEM WEB
SERVER
14. Sameer wants to create a website with dynamic content. Before creating the website he wants to learn scripting
language. Suggest the names of any two scripting languages that can help him in creating a dynamic website.
Ans:TWO MOST COMMONLY USED SCRIPTING LANGUAGES ARE PERL AND JAVA SCRIPT.
15. Ishaan is confused between the terms web page and website. Help him in understanding the difference between
both.
Ans:A WEB PAGE IS A DOCUMENT COMMONLY WRITTEN IN HTML (HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE)
THAT IS HOSTED ON THE INTERNET, WHEREAS, A WEBSITE IS A COLLECTION OF PUBLICLY
ACCESSIBLE INTERLINKED WEB PAGES, CONTAINING RELATED INFORMATION, LOCATED UNDER A
SINGLE DOMAIN NAME.
16. In the URL, http://www.discoveryadventures.com/trips/classic-costa-rica/CRCRD/2011/, what is the: i. http
component? ii. www.discoveryadventures component? iii. .com component?
Ans:I. SCHEMENII. DOMAINNIII. EXTENSION
17. Use the keywords given below to complete the paragraph: (Browser, Website, Web pages, Web address)
Meghna wants to access Internet. She opens the ........................... and then types the ........................... of the
.......................... which consists of multiple ........................... .
Ans:MEGHNA WANTS TO ACCESS INTERNET. SHE OPENS THE BROWSER AND THEN TYPES THE WEB
ADDRESS OF THE WEBSITE WHICH CONSISTS OF MULTIPLE WEB PAGES.
18. Name any application based e-mail service.
Ans:OUTLOOK EXPRESS
19. Which feature of a Social Networking Site allows its users to share and display their personal information?
Ans:PROFILE
20. Which part of an e-mail contains the name and address of the recipient?
Ans:HEADER
21. Which networking architecture is followed by an FTP client?
Ans:CLIENT/SERVER MODEL
22. Give an example of an e-learning software.
Ans:MOODIE
23. Does an e-group provide the facility to upload and download files?
Ans:YES
24. Name the web service that supports real time communication.
Ans:ONLINE CHAT
25. Which option deletes the selected e-mails and sends it to the Trash folder?
Ans:DELETE
26. Name any e-mail service provider that also provides the chat facility.
Ans:GOOGLE
27. Name a service that delivers courses to a large number of students via the Internet.
Ans:MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSE (MOOC)
28. Name the software that is used for conducting Internet Relay Chat on Windows.
Ans:MLRC
29. Name the website used for booking a railway ticket.
Ans:WWW.IRCTC.CO.IN
30. Write the name of any one popular website that offers the facility of on line shopping.
Ans:FLIPKART
31. Write down one main advantage of e-shopping.
Ans:THE MAIN ADVANTAGE OF E-SHOPPING IS TO BUY PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OVER THE
INTERNET. PEOPLE ENJOY THE CONVENIENCE OF HAVING THEIR ORDER SHIPPED RIGHT TO THEIR
DOORSTEP.
32. Give any two examples of popular search engines.
Ans:TWO POPULAR SEARCH ENGINES ARE: WWW.GOOGLE.COM AND WWW.BING.COM.
33. When using a Search Engine, what does a minus sign used with keywords in the search box mean? Explain in
brief with the help of an example.
Ans:THE MINUS SIGN IS USED TO REMOVE CERTAIN WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE QUERY RESULT
WHILE SEARCHING USING A SEARCH ENGINE. FOR EXAMPLE, "WHAT IS GOOD AND ??BAD" WILL
PRODUCE RESULTS, EXCLUDING THE WORD "BAD".
34. Name two different parts of an e-mail address with the help of an example.
Ans:AN E-MAIL ADDRESS USUALLY CONSISTS OF TWO PARTS - USERNAME AND DOMAIN NAME,
SEPARATED BY THE @ (PRONOUNCED AS 'AT') SYMBOL.NFOR EXAMPLE,
[email protected], KIPSPUBLISHINGWORLD IS THE USERNAME AND GMAIL
IS THE DOMAIN NAME.
35. Even if you do not own a computer, how can you still send and receive e-mails using your own account?
Ans:EVEN IF YOU DO NOT OWN A COMPUTER, YOU CAN STILL SEND AND RECEIVE E-MAILS USING
YOUR OWN ACCOUNT BY USING OTHER DEVICES SUCH AS MOBILE PHONES OR TABLETS. THIS CAN BE
POSSIBLE BY USING WEB-BASED E-MAIL. IT CAN BE ACCESSED BY THE USERS ACROSS THE GLOBE
FROM ANY DEVICE CONNECTED TO THE INTERNET, AT ANY TIME. FOR USING WEB-BASED E-MAIL, ONE
NEEDS TO FIRST REGISTER WITH AN E-MAIL SERVICE PROVIDER IN ORDER TO GET A FREE ACCOUNT
AND CREATE A LOGIN WITH A USERNAME AND PASSWORD.
36. State one advantage of video conferencing over personal face-to-face business meetings.
Ans:WHEN YOU CANNOT MEET IN PERSON, VIDEO CONFERENCING IS THE BEST OPTION TO HAVE
FACE-TO-FACE INTERACTION IN REAL TIME. IT HAS BECOME EASIER TO CONDUCT CORPORATE
MEETINGS BETWEEN THE BRANCHES OF A COMPANY THAT ARE SITUATED FAR AWAY. PEOPLE CAN
WORK TOGETHER AND SHARE THEIR IDEAS. IT IS A MORE ECONOMICAL MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
AS COMPANIES CAN SAVE ON TRAVEL AND HOTEL COSTS. THE MEETINGS CAN BE ORGANISED ON
SHORT NOTICE AS PEOPLE CAN EASILY PARTICIPATE FROM DISTANT LOCATIONS.
37. How does FTP work?
Ans:FTP OR FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL IS A STANDARD INTERNET PROTOCOL FOR EXCHANGING
FILES BETWEEN TWO OR MORE COMPUTERS ON THE INTERNET OVER TCP/IP PROTOCOLS. FTP USES
TCP/IP PROTOCOLS TO UPLOAD OR DOWNLOAD FILES TO OUR COMPUTERS FROM OTHER SOURCES.
THE SOURCE CAN BE A WEB SERVER OR A REMOTE HOST OVER THE INTERNET. FTP TRANSFER
INVOLVES TWO COMPUTERS- ONE ACTS AS A SERVER AND THE OTHER AS A CLIENT.
38. Distinguish between downloading and uploading files.
Ans:TO UPLOAD ANY FILE OR FOLDER ON THE FTP SERVER, YOU CAN COPY A FILE OR A FOLDER
FROM YOUR COMPUTER AND PASTE IT TO ANY FOLDER IN THE FTP SERVER.ON THE OTHER HAND, TO
DOWNLOAD A FILE OR A FOLDER, COPY IT FROM THE FTP SERVER'S FOLDER AND PASTE IT INTO YOUR
COMPUTER'S FOLDER. ONCE COMPLETED, SIMPLY CLOSE THE FTP SERVER'S WINDOW.
39. When using a Search Engine to search, when would you use quotation marks around search terms?
Ans:DOUBLE QUOTES ARE USED TO GET EXACT RESULTS IN A SEARCH ENGINE QUERY. FOR
EXAMPLE, IF YOU ARE SEARCHING FOR BEST-SELLING BOOKS IN INDIA, ENCLOSE THE FULL
SENTENCE INTO DOUBLE QUOTES. FOR EXAMPLE, "BESTSELLING BOOKS IN INDIA". IF YOU DO NOT
ENCLOSE THE QUERY IN DOUBLE QUOTES, GOOGLE WILL PRODUCE A SEARCH RESULT BASED ON
INDIVIDUAL WORDS FROM THE QUERY.
40. Write the web extensions given to the sites of the following types of organisations: a. Military b. Government
Ans:A. MILITARY ?? .MILNB. GOVERNMENT ?? .GOV
41. How can video conferencing be helpful to teachers? Write one point.
Ans:VIDEO CONFERENCING CAN BE HELPFUL TO BOTH STUDENTS AND TEACHERS BECAUSE THE
STUDENTS PRESENT AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS CAN ATTEND LECTURES AND TRAINING THROUGH
VIDEO CONFERENCING.
42. Infobiz, a software company wants to arrange a training for its employees on the basics of 'Microsoft One Note'
in the company premises itself. Which Internet service should the organisation use for this training?
Ans:THE COMPANY SHOULD USE THE E-LEARNING SERVICE.
43. Guransh wants to buy a present for his father. Due to his busy work schedule he is unable to visit the market.
Which Internet service can he use to purchase the gift? Suggest the appropriate service provider.
Ans:GURANSH CAN MAKE USE OF THE ON LINE SHOPPING SERVICE.
44. Jacob is organising a trip for his family. He wants to enquire about the availability of tickets and best hotels in the
region. Which Internet service can provide him the appropriate details?
Ans:JACOB CAN GET ALL THE NECESSARY DETAILS BY USING THE E-RESERVATION SERVICE.
WEBSITES, SUCH ASNWWW.MAKEMYTRIP.COM PROVIDES A FULL PACKAGE INCLUDING TICKETS,
HOTEL, AND OTHER FACILITIES.
45. Diya is a very social person and wants to connect with all her friends on the Internet. She wants to join an online
community where she can have her own profile, invite her friends to join, share photos, videos, etc. Which Internet
service is Diya interested in? Suggest an example of such a service so that she could join it. Also discuss its merits
and demerits.
Ans:I. DIYA IS INTERESTED IN SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES.NII. SHE CAN JOIN FACEBOOK, TWITTER, OR
LINKEDIN.NIII. SOME MERITS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE:NEASIER TO CONNECT, CREATE NEW
CONNECTIONS, FREE BUSINESS PROMOTIONS, AIDS IN CRIMINAL CASES, SPREADS INFORMATION
INCREDIBLY FAST.NSOME DEMERITS ARE:NCYBER BULLYING, LESS REAL LIFE INTERACTION,
ADDICTION, MISLEADING INFORMATION, MISUSE OF INFORMATION, FAKE PROFILES, PEER PRESSURE,
ETC.
46. Akhil works in a big organisation. He has to frequently access remote computers that are located at other
branches in different cities. Which protocol would he be using for this purpose?
Ans:AKHIL WOULD BE USING TELNET PROTOCOL FOR REMOTELY ACCESSING COMPUTERS.
47. Arushi wants to organise an expert lecture for her students on the topic 'Web Services'. However, due to bad
weather conditions, the guest lecturer could not come down to her institute. Suggest the technology that can be
used at the last moment to organise a virtual lecture for the children.
Ans:VIDEO CONFERENCING CAN BE USED TO ORGANISE A VIRTUAL LECTURE.
48. Identify domain name(s) and URL(s) from the following list: [email protected] doYogaEveryday.com
www.doYogaEveryday.com/old/index.html www.PerformingArts_schools.org/backlink.htm 192.168.0.1
http://cbse.nic.in
Ans:I. [email protected] ?? E-MAIL IDNII. DOYOGAEVERYDAY.COM ?? DOMAIN NAMENIII.
WWW.DOYOGAEVERYDAY.COM/OLD/INDEX.HTML - URLNIV.
WWW.PERFORMINGARTS_SCHOOLS.ORG/BACKLINK.HTM - URLNV. 192.168.0.1 ?? DOMAIN
ADDRESSNVI. HTTP://CBSE.NIC.IN ?? URL
49. What does W3C stand for?
Ans:WORLD WIDE WEB CONSORTIUM
50. Which elements have both starting and ending tags?
Ans:CONTAINER ELEMENTS
51. How many heading levels can be defined in HTML?
Ans:< HL> TO < H6>
52. Write the tag which is used as a separator between blocks of text.
Ans:< HR>
53. Which attribute of HTML tag specifies the language used within the document?
Ans:LANG ATTRIBUTE
54. What is the utility of tag?
Ans:MARKS A BLOCK OF TEXT AS A PARAGRAPH
55. Which tag is used to set Font Face, Size, Color, and other attributes for the whole HTML document?
Ans:<BASE FONT>
56. What type of lists are supported by HTML?
Ans:UNORDERED, ORDERED, AND DEFINITION
57. Name any one software for each of the following categories: a. Text Editor b. Web Browser
Ans:(A) NOTEPAD (B) GOOGLE CHROME
58. Shiv is doing a school project based on HTML. His HTML file is getting saved as a text document; therefore, he
cannot view his project through the browser. Find the error.
Ans:HE IS NOT SAVING THE PROJECT WITH THE EXTENSION .HTM OR .HTML.
59. Shruti wants to set the text colour, size, and style for the whole HTML document. Which tag should Shruti use to
complete this task?
Ans:<BASEFONT> TAG.
60. Find the errors in the following lines of HTML code and write the correct code. HABITS THOUGHT FORTHE
DAY HUMAN FAULTS ARE LIKE GARDEN WEEDS. THEY GROW WITHOUT CULTIVATION AND SOON TAKE
OVER THE PLACE IF THEY ARE NOT THINNED OUT.
Ans:<HTML>N<HEAD> <TITLE> HABITS </TITLE> </HEAD>N<BODY><FONT FACE= "LUCIDA
HANDWRITING">N<P ALIGN = "CENTER">N<B> <U> THOUGHT FOR THE DAY </B> </U></P>N<P>HUMAN
FAULTS ARE LIKE GARDEN WEEDS. THEY GROW WITHOUT CULTIVATION AND SOON TAKE OVERNTHE
PLACE IF THEY ARE NOT THINNED OUT.<P>N</FONT> </BODY> </HTML>
61. Find the errors in the following HTML code and write the correct code. ROAD RULES ROAD SAFETY RULES
 Look on both the sides of the road while crossing. Walk on the left side of the road. < L> Cross the road at the Zebra
crossing.
Ans:<HTML>N<HEAD> <TITLE> ROAD RULES </TITLE></HEAD>N<BODY>NROAD SAFETY RULESN<UL
TYPE= "SQUARE">N<LI> LOOK ON BOTH THE SIDES OF THE ROAD WHILE CROSSING.N<LI> WALK ON
THE LEFT SIDE OF THE ROADN<LI> CROSS THE ROAD AT THE ZEBRA CROSSINGN</UL>N</BODY>
</HTML>
62. Define the tag in HTML.
Ans:THE <BODY> TAG CONTAINS THE CONTENT OF YOUR DOCUMENT WHICH GETS DISPLAYED ON THE
WEB PAGE OF YOUR BROWSER WINDOW.NSYNTAX:N<BODY>NTHE CONTENT OF THE WEB PAGE
COMES HERE.N</BODY>
63. Define the term Hyperlink.
Ans:HYPERLINKS ARE THE HIGHLIGHTED TEXT SEGMENTS OR IMAGES THAT CONNECT TO OTHER
PAGES ON THE WEB.
64. Differentiate between Container and Empty elements in HTML. Give any two examples of HTML tags from each
category.
Ans:THE ELEMENTS THAT INCLUDE BOTH ON TAG AND OFF TAG ARE CALLED CONTAINER ELEMENTS.
THE OFF TAG HAS THE SAME NAME AS THAT OF AN ON TAG. THE ONLY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ON
TAG AND THE OFF TAG IS THAT THE OFF TAG STARTS WITH A '/' SYMBOL. FOR EXAMPLE, <B> TAG AND
<U> TAG.NEMPTY ELEMENTS ONLY CONTAIN ON TAGS. THEY DO NOT HAVE OFF TAGS. THESE
ELEMENTS DO NOT ENCLOSE ANY DATA; INSTEAD, THEY DO SOME FUNCTION ON THEIR OWN.NFOR
EXAMPLE, <BR> TAG AND <IMG> TAG.
65. Which attribute allows you to change the style of numbers in an ordered list?
Ans:THE TYPE ATTRIBUTE ALLOWS YOU TO CHANGE THE STYLE OF NUMBERS IN AN ORDERED LIST.
66. What is an attribute in HTML?
Ans:AN ATTRIBUTE IS A PROPERTY THAT PROVIDES ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT AN HTML
ELEMENT. IT ENHANCES THE FUNCTIONALITY OF A TAG AND IS ALWAYS SPECIFIED INSIDE THE
OPENING TAG.
67. Which heading element gives the most prominent heading?
Ans:<H1> HEADING ELEMENT GIVES THE MOST PROMINENT HEADING.
68. Write names of two attributes each for the following tags: i. ii.
Ans:I. <FONT> - ATTRIBUTES ARE ?? SIZE, COLORNII. <BODY> - ATTRIBUTES ARE ?? BGCOLOR,
BACKGROUND
69. Identify which of the following is a tag or an attribute: i. HR ii. Align iii. BR iv. Text v.P vi. Noshade
Ans:I. HR ?? TAGNII. ALIGN ?? ATTRIBUTENIII. BR ?? TAGNIV. TEXT ?? ATTRIBUTENV. P ?? TAGNVI.
NOSHADE ?? ATTRIBUTE
70. Write an HTML code to create the following ordered list. C. Apples D. Oranges E. Grapes
Ans:<HTML>N<HEAD>N<TITLE>MY LIST</TITLE>N</HEAD>N<BODY>N<OL TYPE = ??A?? START =
3>N<LI>APPLESN<LI>ORANGESN<LI>GRAPESN</OL>N</BODY>N</HTML>
71. Write an HTML code to create the following bulleted list. MSWord MS Excel MS PowerPoint MS Access
Ans:<HTML>N<HEAD>N<TITLE>MY SOFTWARE LIST</TITLE>N</HEAD>N<BODY>N<UL>N<LI>MS
WORDN<LI>MS EXCELN<LI>MS POWERPOINTN<LI>MS ACCESSN</UL>N</BODY>N</HTML>
72. Identify error(s) in the following HTML code and write the correct code.
Ans:<OL TYPE = "A" START = "D">NERROR: A NUMERIC VALUE IS GIVEN WITH THE START
ATTRIBUTE.NCORRECTION: <OL TYPE = "A" START = 4>

E. Answer The Following (1*57)

1. What is www?

Ans: THE WWW (WORLD WIDE WEB) COMMONLY KNOWN AS THE WEB, IS A WAY OF ACCESSING
INFORMATION OVER THENINTERNET. IT CONTAINS MILLIONS OF DOCUMENTS CALLED WEB PAGES.
EACH PAGE CONTAINS TEXT, GRAPHICS, VIDEO, AUDIO,NAND LINKS TO OTHER WEB PAGES VIA
HYPERLINKS. T HE WEB USES THE HTTP (HYPER TEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL) FOR THENTRANSFER
OF THESE DOCUMENTS OVER THE INTERNET.
2. Write any three differences between www and the Internet.

Ans: WWWNWWW IS A SET OF PROGRAMS, STANDARDS, AND PROTOCOLSNWHICH GOVERNS THE

MANNER OF CREATING AND DISPLAYINGNTHE MULTIMEDIA FILES ON THE INTERNET. SUCH FILES
MAYNCONTAIN A COMBINATION OF TEXT, IMAGES, AUDIO, VIDEO,NAND HYPERLINKS.NWWW IS ONE
OF THE SERVICES AVAILABLE ON THE INTERNET.NWORLD WIDE WEB IS A PART OF THE
INTERNET.NINTERNETNTHE INTERNET IS DEFINED AS A NETWORK OF MILLIONS OFNCOMPUTERS
CONNECTED WORLDWIDE TO SHARE DATA ANDNINFORMATION THROUGH VARIOUS CONNECTING
DEVICES LIKENCABLES, WI-FI, MODEM, ETC.NINTERNET OFFERS VARIOUS SERVICES, SUCH AS E-
MAILS,NCHATTING,INSTANT MESSAGING SERVICES, FORUMS,
RESEARCHNDATABASES,DISCUSSION GROUPS, TELNET, FTP, AND MUCH MORE.NTHE INTERNET
WORKS INDEPENDENTLY OF THE WORLD WIDE WEB.
3. What is a client?

Ans: A CLIENT IS A COMPUTER SYSTEM WHICH USES A NETWORK TO ACCESS A REMOTE SERVICE
FROM THE SERVER. IT CARRIES OUTNTHE USER'S/CLIENT'S REQUEST TO THE SERVER AND
DISPLAYS THE RESULTS SENT BY THE SERVER. IT CAN ACCESS THENAPPLICATIONS OR
INFORMATION FROM THE MAIN SERVER. A CLIENT IS ALSO KNOWN AS A NODE.

4. Write any two differences between a server and web server.

Ans: SERVERNA SERVER IS A TYPE OF COMPUTER OR DEVICE ON A NETWORK THAT PROVIDES

SERVICES TO MACHINES ( CLIENTS) CONNECTED TO IT.NA SERVER PROVIDES ACCESS TO SERVER-
SIDE LOGIC (SERVERNAPPLICATIONS) USING THE LANGUAGES SUPPORTED BY THENSERVER, SUCH
AS JAVA, PHP, C#.NWEB SERVERNA WEB SERVER IS A PROGRAM OR A COMPUTER,
PRIMARILYNRESPONSIBLE FOR PROVIDING WEB CONTENTS. IT STORES,NPROCESSES, AND
DELIVERS WEB CONTENT IN THE FORM OF TEXT,NPICTURES, VIDEO, AND ANIMATION TO ITS
CLIENTS.NIT CAN ONLY DISPLAY STATIC HTML CONTENT ON A WEBNBROWSER.
5. What is Domain Naming System and how is it different from IP addressing system?

Ans: EVERY COMPUTER CONNECTED TO THE INTERNET SHOULD HAVE A UNIQUE ADDRESS. THE
!CANN HAS DESIGNED A SYSTEMNTO PROVIDE A UNIQUE ADDRESS TO EACH COMPUTER IN THE
FORM OF NUMBERS OR CHARACTERS. THE CHARACTER BASEDNADDRESSING SYSTEM IS KNOWN
AS DOMAIN NAME, WHEREAS THE NUMBER BASED ADDRESSING SYSTEM IS KNOWN AS
IPNADDRESS. DOMAIN NAMES ARE EASIER TO REMEMBER THAN IP ADDRESSES SINCE A NAME HAS
A STRONG CORRELATIONNWITH THE WEBSITE. THE DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (DNS) SERVES AS A
DIRECTORY FOR THE WEB BY LOCATING ANDNADDRESSING DEVICES IN A WORLDWIDE NETWORK.
6. What is a web portal?

Ans: A WEB PORTAL IS A GATEWAY TO A WIDE RANGE OF INTERNET SERVICES, SUCH AS E-MAIL,
SEARCH ENGINES, E-COMMERCE,NETC. MOREOVER, UNLIKE A WEBSITE, IT DOES NOT CONTAIN
INFORMATION ON ANY TOPIC. INSTEAD, IT SUGGESTS RELATED WEB PAGES TO THE USER TO FIND
THE DESIRED INFORMATION AND LINKS TO THE RELATED SITES. NOWADAYS, MOST OF THE
SEARCH ENGINES ARE ACTING AS WEB PORTALS TO PRESENT INFORMATION FROM DIVERSE
SOURCES IN A UNIFIED WAY LIKE YAHOO, MSN, ETC.
7. What is a web host or hosting server?
 Ans: WEB HOSTING IS THE SERVICE PROVIDING SPACE ON THE INTERNET FOR THE MAINTENANCE
OF THE WEBSITE. LIKE ANY OTHER COMPUTER, WEB HOST OR HOSTING SERVERS RUN ON
DIFFERENT OPERATING SYSTEMS. COMMONLY USED OPERATING SYSTEMS FOR HOSTING SERVERS
ARE APACHE (LINUX) AND WINDOWS.
8. What is a URL?

Ans: THE UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR DENOTES THE GLOBAL ADDRESS OF WEB DOCUMENTS
AND WEB RESOURCES. INTERNETNCOMMUNICATION IS THE MAIN REASON FOR IDENTIFYING A
RESOURCE ON THE WEB. THIS COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A WEB USER AND AN INTERNET
RESOURCE IS POSSIBLE BY IDENTIFYING EACH RESOURCE ON THE INTERNET IN A STANDARDISED
MANNER. FOR EXAMPLE, HTTP://PRSINDIA.ORG/ABOUTUS/BACKGROUND.HTML
9. Differentiate between HTTP and HTTPS.

Ans: HTTPNIT IS THE FOUNDATION OF ANY DATA EXCHANGE ON THE WEB.NTHE INFORMATION OR
DATA FLOWS FROM SERVER TO BROWSERNUNENCRYPTED.NHTTP ALLOWS ACCESS TO
HYPERTEXT FILES.NHTTPSNHTTPS IS A VARIANT OF HTTP.NHTTPS PROTOCOL ENCRYPTS THE
INFORMATION OR DATA USINGNTRANSPORT LAYER SECURITY (TLS).NHTTPS IS USED TO
TRANSFER CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION OVERNTHE INTERNET, E.G., FINANCIA IINFORMATION,
LOGIN CREDENTIALS, ETC.
10. Write any two disadvantages of blogging?

Ans: THE DISADVANTAGES OF BLOGGING ARE AS FOLLOWS:NI. IN BLOGGING, RECOGNITION OF

YOUR TALENT CAN BE A SLOW PROCESS, AND INITIALLY, THE TRAFFIC CAN BE QUITE LOW
FORNYOUR BLOG, SO YOUR APPROACH SHOULD BE OPTIMISTIC.NII. WHILE WRITING, YOU NEED TO
BE THOUGHTFUL AND UNBIASED, OTHERWISE IT MAY HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE READERS.
11. Discuss the components of a URL with an example.

Ans: THE COMPONENTS OF A URL ARE:NI. THE SCHEME: THIS IS THE FIRST PART OF A WEB
ADDRESS, ALSO KNOWN AS THE PROTOCOL IDENTIFIER. IT TELLS THE INTERNET BROWSER WHICH
PROTOCOL NEEDS TO BE FOLLOWED TO ACCESS THE ADDRESS.NII. THE HOST: THE SECOND PART
OF THE WEB ADDRESS IDENTIFIES THE HOST. THE HOST STARTS TYPICALLY WITH "WWW", WHICH
INDICATES THE WORLD WIDE WEB. THIS TELLS THE BROWSER WHERE THE RESOURCE, I.E., THE
SITE IS LOCATED ON THE INTERNET.NIII. THE DOMAIN: A DOMAIN NAME FOLLOWS THE HOST. IT IS
THE UNIQUE NAME GIVEN TO EACH WEBSITE. THE DOMAIN NAME CONSISTS OF TWO PARTS - ONE
IS THE NAME OF THE DOMAIN, AND THE OTHER IS THE WEB (OR DOMAIN) EXTENSION.NIV. THE
PATH: THIS IS THE LAST PART OF THE URL. THE PATH TELLS THE BROWSER REGARDING THE FILE
TO BE USED FROM THE DOMAIN DIRECTORY.NEXAMPLE URL:
HTTP://WWW.PRSINDIA.ORG/ABOUTUS/BACKGROUND.HTMLNHERE IN THIS EXAMPLE, HTTP IS THE
SCHEME, WWW IS THE HOST, PRSINDIA IS THE DOMAIN, AND /ABOUTUS/BACKGROUND/ IS THE
PATH.
12. What is Dynamic content?

Ans: DYNAMIC CONTENT REFERS TO WEB CONTENT THAT IS GENERATED BASED ON THE VIEWER'S
REQUEST AND PREFERENCES. THE CONTENT WILL CHANGE IF ANOTHER USER VIEWS IT AT THE
SAME TIME, OR THE SAME USER VIEWS THE WEB PAGE AT A DIFFERENT TIME. IT IS APPROPRIATE
FOR DISPLAYING USER-SPECIFIC INFORMATION, E.G., SHOPPING CART, OR LIVE INFORMATION LIKE
NEWS AND WEATHER UPDATES.
13. What is a Newsgroup? What role does a Newsreader program play in using a Newsgroup?
 Ans: A NEWSGROUP IS AN ONLINE DISCUSSION FORUM WHERE REMOTELY CONNECTED USERS
SHARE AND DISCUSS A PARTICULAR TOPIC. THE USERS/SUBSCRIBERS CAN EXCHANGE TEXT
MESSAGES, IMAGES, VIDEOS, AND OTHER DIGITAL MEDIA. PEOPLE FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS
POST ARTICLES HERE WHICH ALL THE OTHER SUBSCRIBERS OF THE NEWSGROUP CAN READ AND
RESPOND TO. THE COLLECTION OF THESE MESSAGES AND RESPONSES ON ONE TOPIC OR
QUESTION FORM A THREAD, WHICH IS DISPLAYED IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER BY DATE OF
POSTING. THE NEWSREADER SOFTWARE IS USED TO READ AND POST THESE MESSAGES. THE
NEWSREADER IS A PROGRAM THAT RUNS ON YOUR COMPUTER AND CONNECTS YOU TO A NEWS
SERVER ON THE INTERNET.
14. Define markup languages. Give an example of a markup language.

Ans: MARKUP LANGUAGES ARE DESIGNED TO CREATE AN APPROPRIATE MARKUP SCHEME FOR
AN ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT OR WEB PAGE. THE LANGUAGE SPECIFIES THE CODE FOR
FORMATTING, BOTH THE LAYOUT AND STYLE, WITHIN A TEXT FILE. HTML IS AN EXAMPLE OF
MARKUP LANGUAGE.
15. What are the different structural components o f a web page? Answer briefly.

Ans: STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF A WEB PAGE ARE:NI. TITLE BAR DISPLAYS THE TITLE OF THE
CURRENT WEB PAGE.NII. MENU OR NAVIGATIONAL LINKS ARE THE HYPERLINKS USED TO MOVE
BETWEEN LINKED PAGES OF THE WEBSITE.NIII. HEADER AREA CONTAINS THE COMPANY AND
LOGO, RELEVANT TEXT, & SEARCH BOX.NIV. CONTENT AREA CONTAINS THE MAIN CONTENT OF THE
WEB PAGE.NV. FOOTER AREA CONTAINS COPYRIGHT NOTICES, WEBSITE CONTACT INFORMATION,
AND PRIVACY STATEMENTS.

16. What i s a protocol?

Ans: THERE ARE SPECIFIC RULES, WHICH DETERMINE HOW THE DATA SHOULD BE TRANSFERRED
OVER THE NETWORKS, COMPRESSED, PRESENTED ON THE SCREEN, AND SO ON. THESE SETS OF
RULES ARE CALLED PROTOCOLS.
17. What is TCP/IP?

Ans: TCP/IP STANDS FOR TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL. IT IS A

FAMILY OF PROTOCOLS DEFINING CONVENTIONS FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN COMPUTERS
OVER THE INTERNET. IT IS THE BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL OF THE INTERNET. TCP/IP IS A
TWO-LAYER PROGRAM. THE HIGHER LAYER, TCP, MANAGES THE BREAKING DOWN AND
ASSEMBLING OF THE DATA, WHEREAS THE LOWER LAYER, IP, IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
ACCURATE DELIVERY OF THE DATA OVER THE INTERNET.
18. Write a brief note on any three different types of biogs.

Ans: THERE ARE VARIOUS TYPES OF BLOGS AVAILABLE ON THE WEB.NI. PERSONAL BLOG: THIS IS
THE MOST COMMON AND POPULAR TYPE OF BLOG. IT IS A JOURNAL OR DIARY THAT IS ON THE
INTERNET. PERSONAL BLOG ENCOMPASSES PERSONAL VIEWS ON ANY CHOSEN SUBJECT LIKE
HEALTH, POLITICS, TRAVEL, ETC.NII. COMPANY BLOG: THIS CATEGORY IS USED BY
PROFESSIONALS OR COMPANIES TO LET THEIR CUSTOMERS OR CLIENTS KNOW ABOUT THEIR
UPCOMING PRODUCTS AND THE PROGRESS BEING MADE ON SOME PROJECTS.NIII. NON-PROFIT
BLOG: THIS CATEGORY INCORPORATES THE NON-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS WHICH USE BLOGGING
TO CREATE AWARENESS AND RAISE MONEY FOR THEIR CAUSE.
19. Name any two popular web browsers.

Ans: TWO POPULAR WEB BROWSERS ARE GOOGLE CHROME AND MOZILLA FIREFOX.
20. What is WWW?

Ans: THE WWW (WORLD WIDE WEB) COMMONLY KNOWN AS THE WEB, IS A WAY OF ACCESSING
INFORMATION OVER THE INTERNET. IT CONTAINS MILLIONS OF DOCUMENTS CALLED WEB PAGES.
SIR TIM BERNERS LEE, ALONG WITH ROBERT CAILLIAU, INVENTED THE WORLD WIDE WEB WHILE
WORKING AT CERN (EUROPEAN COUNCIL FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH) IN 1990.
21. Write web extensions given to the sites of the following types of organisations: a. Network organisations b.
Government agencies

Ans: A. NETWORK ORGANISATIONS - .NETNB. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES - .GOV

22. Why is Internet called "Network of networks"?

Ans: INTERNET IS CALLED "NETWORK OF NETWORKS" BECAUSE IT IS A NETWORK OF MILLIONS OF

COMPUTERS CONNECTED WORLDWIDE THROUGH TELEPHONE LINES OR CABLES.
23. Expand the following acronyms: a. ISP b. URL

Ans: A. ISP: INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERNB. URL: UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR

24. How are hypertext and http related?

Ans: HYPERTEXT IS A SYSTEM IN WHICH DIFFERENT TYPES OF DOCUMENTS/FILES, SUCH AS

IMAGES, SOUND EFFECTS, AND TEXT ARE LINKED TO EACH OTHER. THE HYPERTEXT TRANSFER
PROTOCOL (HTTP) IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCESSING HYPERTEXT DOCUMENTS ON THE WORLD
WIDE WEB.
25. How are an email address and URL different from each other? Explain with a suitable example.

Ans: E-MAIL ADDRESS IS A UNIQUE ELECTRONIC ADDRESS WHERE E-MAILS ARE RECEIVED. YOU
NEED AN E-MAIL ADDRESS TO RECEIVE AN E-MAIL. IT CONSISTS OF TWO PARTS - A USERNAME
AND A DOMAIN NAME, SEPARATED BY THE @ (??AT??) SYMBOL.NON THE OTHER HAND, THE
UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR DENOTES THE GLOBAL ADDRESS OF THE DOCUMENTS AND OTHER
RESOURCES ON TH+F81:H89E WORLD WIDE WEB. THE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A WEB USER
AND AN INTERNET RESOURCE IS POSSIBLE BY IDENTIFYING EACH RESOURCE ON THE INTERNET IN
A STANDARDISED MANNER.
26. What do you understand by an e-mail? What are the two main parts of an e-mail?

Ans: E-MAIL IS A POPULAR INTERNET SERVICE USED FOR SENDING AND RECEIVING MESSAGES IN
REAL TIME. AN E-MAIL CONSISTS OF TWO MAIN PARTS- THE HEADER AND THE BODY. THE HEADER
CONTAINS THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE RECIPIENT AND THE BODY CONTAINS THE MESSAGE.
27. Describe the significance of video conferencing.

Ans: THE ADVENT OF VIDEO CONFERENCING HAS BROUGHT A REVOLUTION IN THE WORLD OF
COMMUNICATION. IT INVOLVES THE USE OF WEBCAMS AT THE END OF EACH USER. THIS
TECHNOLOGY IS MAINLY USED FOR VIRTUAL MEETINGS AMONG A GROUP OF PEOPLE TO DISCUSS
POLITICAL, BUSINESS, MEDICAL, OR SOCIAL AFFAIRS. IT IS A COST EFFECTIVE AND TIME SAVING
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION.
28. Compare E-mail and Online Chat.

Ans: E-MAILNE-MAIL ALLOWS A USER TO SEND AND RECEIVE ELECTRONICNMESSAGES FROM ONE
COMPUTER TO ANOTHER.NWHILE SENDING E-MAIL, THE SENDER AND RECEIVER MAYNNOT BE ON
LINE AT THE SAME TIME.NIN AN E-MAIL, IT IS NOT COMPULSORY FOR THE USERS TONHAVE AN
ACCOUNT ON THE SAME WEBSITE.NONLINE CHATNCHAT IS AN ONLINE CONVERSATION IN WHICH
USERS CANNINSTANTLY SEND MESSAGES BACK AND FORTH TO EACHNOTHER.NIN AN ONLINE
CHAT, BOTH THE SENDER AND THE RECEIVERNARE REQUIRED TO BE ON LINE AT THE SAME
TIME.NONLINE CHAT CAN TAKE PLACE ONLY IF BOTH THE USERSNHAVE ACCOUNT ON THE SAME
CHAT SYSTEM.
29. Write a short note on social networking.

Ans: A SOCIAL NETWORKING SITE IS AN ONLINE PLATFORM THAT FOCUSES ON FACILITATING THE
BUILDING OF SOCIAL NETWORKS OR SOCIAL RELATIONS AMONG PEOPLE WHO, FOR EXAMPLE,
SHARE INTERESTS, ACTIVITIES, BACKGROUNDS, OR REAL-LIFE CONNECTIONS. SOCIAL
NETWORKING CAN BE DONE FOR SOCIAL PURPOSES, BUSINESS PURPOSES OR BOTH. SOCIAL
NETWORKING SITES ARE ALSO CALLED SOCIAL MEDIA.
30. What is E-learning? Mention any two benefits.
 Ans: E-LEARNING MEANS "ELECTRONIC LEARNING". IT REFERS TO A WIDE RANGE OF
APPLICATIONS AND PROCESSES, DESIGNED TONPROVIDE GUIDANCE AND/OR DELIVER
INFORMATION TO STUDENTS, FACULTIES, OR EMPLOYEES OF COMPANIES THROUGHNELECTRONIC
MEANS. THE STUDY MATERIAL CAN CONTAIN VARIOUS TYPES OF MEDIA LIKE AUDIO, TEXT,
VIRTUALNENVIRONMENTS, VIDEO, AND ANIMATION. E-LEARNING CAN BE IMPLEMENTED USING AN
INTERNET CONNECTION, ANNETWORK, AN INTRANET, OR A STORAGE DISK.NITS BENEFITS ARE:N
COST EFFECTIVE: E-LEARNING IS LESS EXPENSIVE THAN TRADITIONAL LEARNING BECAUSE IT
REDUCES THE TRAVEL COST AND TIME.NE-LEARNING IS SELF-PACED: SELF-PACED LEARNING
MODULES ALLOW LEARNERS TO WORK AT THEIR OWN PACE, THEREBYNCONTROLLING THE SPEED
OF COURSE COVERAGE.
31. What is the purpose of forming an e-group? Give a few examples of e-groups.

Ans: AN E-GROUP IS A VIRTUAL MEETING PLACE FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO SHARE THE COMMON
INTERESTS. IT PROVIDES A PLATFORMNFOR PEOPLE TO SHARE INFORMATION ON TOPICS OF THEIR
INTEREST, MESSAGES, AND PHOTO ALBUMS. AN E-GROUP CONTAINS A DISCUSSION OR MESSAGE
BOARD WHERE MEMBERS CAN DISCUSS TOPICS OF THIS CHOICE. EXAMPLES OF E-GROUPS ARE:
GROUPS.GOOGLE.COM, GROUPS.YAHOO.COM.
32. What is a web service? Discuss the various web services in brief.

Ans: THE SOFTWARE-BASED SERVICES, WHICH ARE OFFERED BY AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE TO

ANOTHER DEVICE COMMUNICATING WITH EACH OTHER VIA WORLD WIDE WEB, ARE CALLED WEB
SERVICES. SOME OF THE VARIOUS WEB SERVICES ARE DISCUSSED BELOW:NI. CHAT: IT IS AN
ONLINE CONVERSATION, WHERE YOU ARE TYPING RATHER THAN TALKING. CHATTING ON THE
INTERNET CAN TAKE PLACE VIA WEBSITES IN AREAS KNOWN AS CHAT ROOMS.NII. VIDEO
CONFERENCING: IT CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A PHONE CALL WITH PICTURES THAT ALLOWS
MULTIPLE PEOPLE, SITTING AT GEOGRAPHICALLY DIFFERENT LOCATIONS, TO COMMUNICATE WITH
EACH OTHER BY EXCHANGING VIDEO AND AUDIO AT THE SAME TIME. IT INVOLVES THE USE OF A
CAMERA KNOWN AS A WEBCAM AND A MICROPHONE AT THE END OF EACH PARTICIPANT TO
CAPTURE VIDEO AND AUDIO DATA IN REAL TIME.NIII. E-LEARNING: IT MEANS "ELECTRONIC
LEARNING". IT REFERS TO A WIDE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS AND PROCESSES, DESIGNED TO
PROVIDE GUIDANCE AND/OR DELIVER INFORMATION TO STUDENTS, FACULTIES, OR EMPLOYEES
OF THE COMPANIES THROUGH ELECTRONIC MEANS.NIV
33. What do you understand by mobile technology? Explain 3G and 4G.

Ans: MOBILE TECHNOLOGY IS A TECHNOLOGY WHICH IS MAINLY USED FOR COMMUNICATION IN

MOBILE DEVICES.N3G IS THE THIRD GENERATION OF WIRELESS MOBILE TECHNOLOGY WHICH
MADE WEB BROWSING AN ENJOYABLE EXPERIENCE ON MOBILE DEVICES. THE FIRST 3G NETWORK
WAS INTRODUCED IN 1998. 3G IS AN UPGRADE OF 2G AND 2.5G NETWORKS, WITH FASTER
INTERNET SPEED. EACH GENERATION BROUGHT NEW FREQUENCY BANDS AND HIGHER DATA
TRANSMISSION RATES. THIS MADE THE STREAMING OF AUDIO AND VIDEO FILES POSSIBLE
WITHOUT ANY INTERRUPTION. IT PROVIDES A DATA TRANSMISSION RATE UP TO 2 MBPS.N4G
REFERS TO THE FOURTH GENERATION OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS WHICH IS A SUCCESSOR
TO 2G AND 3G FAMILY OF STANDARDS. IT IS AN IP BASED PACKET-SWITCHING INTEGRATED
SYSTEM WITH A HIGH-SPEED DATA TRANSMISSION RATE OF 100 MBPS TO 1 GBPS. NOWADAYS, 4G
TECHNOLOGY IS WIDELY USED WITH OTHER COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES LIKE BROADCAST
AND SATELLITE COMMUNICATION. IT PROVIDES EXPANDED MULTIMEDIA SERVICES AT ANYTIME
AND ANYWHERE AS PER A USER'S REQUIREMENT WITH H
34. Write the features of e-governance.
 Ans: SOME FEATURES OF E-GOVERNANCE ARE:NI. E-GOVERNANCE STANDS FOR ELECTRONIC
GOVERNANCE.NII. IT REFERS TO THE INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN GOVERNMENT PROCESSES, SERVICES, AND COMMUNICATIONS.NIII. IT HELPS
THE GOVERNMENT TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE DELIVERY AND THE EXCHANGE OF
INFORMATION, THUS STRENGTHENING DEMOCRACY.NIV. SOME ADVANTAGES OF E-GOVERNANCE
ARE, EXPANDED REACH OF GOVERNMENT, INCREASED CONVENIENCE, HIGH TRANSPARENCY,
REDUCED CORRUPTION, DIRECT PARTICIPATION OF CONSTITUENTS, AND REDUCTION IN OVERALL
COST.NV. SOME DISADVANTAGES ARE ?? NON-AVAILABILITY OF INTERNET SERVICES IN MANY
RURAL AND REMOTE AREAS, AND DESPITE PROVIDING A HIGH LEVEL OF SECURITY, THE
GOVERNMENT PORTALS ARE STILL VULNERABLE TO CYBER ATTACKS, STEALING, AND MISUSE OF
DATA BY HACKERS.
35. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of E-shopping.

Ans: ADVANTAGES OF E-SHOPPING:NCONVENIENCE: WITH ONLINE SHOPPING, A PERSON JUST

NEEDS TO LOG ON TO THE INTERNET, ACCESS THE ONLINE SHOPPING WEBSITE, AND CHOOSE THE
DESIRED ITEM. THE SELECTED ITEM IS THEN KEPT IN A VIRTUAL SHOPPING CART UNTIL THE
CUSTOMER IS READY TO MAKE THE FINAL PURCHASE.NINFORMATION AND REVIEWS: AN ONLINE
STORE PROVIDES REVIEWS ON THE PRODUCTS. A CUSTOMER GETS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION,
LIKE INSTRUCTIONS ON PRODUCTS USAGE, MANUFACTURER SPECIFICATIONS, AND SAFETY
PROCEDURES, ETC., THAT HELP IN GUIDING THEM ABOUT THE PRODUCT.NPRICE AND SELECTION:
ANOTHER INTERESTING FEATURE IS THE CHEAP DEALS AND BETTER PRICES WE GET FROM THE
ONLINE STORES BECAUSE PRODUCTS REACH US DIRECTLY FROM THE MANUFACTURER OR
SELLER WITHOUT ANY MIDDLEMEN INVOLVED. THEY ALSO OFFER DISCOUNT COUPONS AND
REBATES.NCOMPULSIVE SHOPPING: MOST OF THE TIME WHEN WE GO FOR SHOPPING, WE END UP
BUYING THINGS WHICH WE DO NOT REQUIRE. HOWEVER, THERE IS NO SUCH PRESSURE STRATEGY
IN E-SHOPPING AND YOU ARE FREE TO BUY PRO
36. Discuss the basic requirements for connecting to an FTP server.

Ans: REQUIREMENTS TO CONNECT TO FTP SERVER:NBEFORE CONNECTING TO AN FTP SERVER,

YOU NEED TO INSTALL FTP CLIENT SOFTWARE ON YOUR COMPUTER. YOU CAN ALSO CONNECT TO
AN ONLINE FTP SERVER USING ITS WEB ADDRESS, USERNAME, AND PASSWORD. MANY FTP
SERVERS REQUIRE YOU TO SIGN IN, BUT SOME FTP SERVERS ALLOW YOU TO ACCESS THE SERVER
AS A GUEST. SO, YOU NEED NOT BE A REGISTERED USER OF THESE FTP SERVERS.
37. Discuss briefly a few disadvantages of video conferencing.

Ans: A FEW DISADVANTAGES OF VIDEO CONFERENCING ARE:NI. A VERY RELIABLE AND FAST
CONNECTION IS NEEDED ALL THE TIME TO CONDUCT VIDEO CONFERENCING.NII. EVEN WITH A FAST
CONNECTION, THERE MIGHT BE A SLIGHT DELAY BETWEEN RESPONSES THAT CAN DISRUPT THE
NATURAL FLOW OF CONVERSATION.NIII. THE MAJOR DISADVANTAGE IS THE TECHNICAL
DIFFICULTY ASSOCIATED WITH IT, THAT IS SOFTWARE, HARDWARE, OR NETWORK FAILURE. IT MAY
DISRUPT THE FLOW OF THE MEETING.NIV. HIGH QUALITY DEDICATED VIDEO CONFERENCING
SYSTEMS ARE EXPENSIVE TO BUY.NV. PEOPLE COULD BE IN DIFFERENT TIME ZONES AROUND THE
WORLD. THE CHANCES ARE THAT SOME PEOPLE MAY HAVE TO STAY BACK DURING ODD HOURS IN
THE NIGHT TO ATTEND THE MEETING.
38. How does an SSH protocol protect data?

Ans: IN A CLIENT-SERVER ARCHITECTURE, SSH PROTOCOL, ALSO KNOWN AS SECURE SOCKET

SHELL PROTOCOL, IS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR SECURING DATA OVER AN UNSECURED
NETWORK. IT ESTABLISHES A SECURE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE CLIENT AND THE HOST
COMPUTER THROUGH REMOTE COMMAND EXECUTION FOR TRANSFERRING DATA OVER A
NETWORK. IT TRANSFERS FILES OVER A NETWORK BY USING THE SERVICES OF OTHER
ASSOCIATED SECURITY PROTOCOLS LIKE SFTP AND SCP.
39. What do you mean by the term PC banking?
 Ans: PC BANKING IS A TYPE OF BANKING WHERE A PERSON USES A PERSONAL COMPUTER TO
ACCESS BANKING INFORMATION. IT REQUIRES A SECURE INTERNET CONNECTION AND A
PERSONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE, SUCH AS QUICKEN®, MICROSOFT MONEY®, ETC.
WITH PC BANKING, YOU CAN SAFELY PERFORM YOUR BANK TRANSACTIONS LIKE BILL PAYMENTS,
FUND TRANSFERS, CHECK STATEMENTS, ETC. FROM YOUR HOME COMPUTER.
40. Explain the difference between a tag and an attribute.

Ans: TAGS ARE THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF A WEB PAGE. THEY CONTAIN ELEMENTS WHICH DEFINE
HOW THE INFORMATION ON A WEB PAGE IS FORMATTED OR DISPLAYED. FOR EXAMPLE,
<HTML>.NAN ATTRIBUTE IS A PROPERTY THAT PROVIDES ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT AN
HTML ELEMENT. IT ENHANCES THENFUNCTIONALITY OF A TAG. ALL ATTRIBUTES CONSIST OF TWO
PARTS- A NAME AND A VALUE. FOR EXAMPLE, <BODY BGCOLOR =N"RED">.

41. Write the syntax which explains the general structure of an HTML document.

Ans: <HTML>N<HEAD>N<TITLE> STRUCTURE OF HTML </TITLE>N</HEAD>N<BODY>NI AM ENJOYING

LEARNING HTML.N</BODY>N</HTML>
42. Explain the tags and .

Ans: A. THE <HEAD> TAG DEFINES THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER. IT IS WRITTEN JUST BELOW THE
<HTML> TAG AND CONTAINSNTHE DOCUMENT TITLE, CHARACTER SET, STYLES, LINKS, AND
SCRIPTS. IT ALSO INCLUDES INFORMATION THAT IS IMPORTANTNABOUT THE WEB PAGE, BUT YOU
CANNOT SEE IT IN THE BROWSER WINDOW.NSYNTAX:N<HTML>N<HEAD>NHEADER INFORMATION
COMES HEREN</HEAD>N</HTML>>NB. THE <TITLE> TAG IS USED INSIDE THE <HEAD> TAG. IT
CONTAINS THE TITLE OF THE DOCUMENT. THE TITLE IS DISPLAYEDNIN THE TITLE BAR AT THE TOP
OF THE BROWSER WINDOW AND NOT INSIDE THE WINDOW. THE TITLE SHOULD BE SHORT
ANDNINCLUDE ONLY UPTO 64 CHARACTERS.NSYNTAX:N<HTML>N<HEAD>N<TITLE>NTITLE OF THE
DOCUMENT COMES HEREN</TITLE>N</HEAD>N<BODY> ...N</BODY>N</HTML>
43. What does tag in HTML contain?

Ans: THE <BODY> TAG IS THE LARGEST PART OF OUR HTML DOCUMENT. IT CONTAINS THE
CONTENT OF YOUR DOCUMENT WHICH GETS DISPLAYED ON THE WEB PAGE OF YOUR BROWSER
WINDOW. IN THE BODY TAG, WE INCLUDE A NUMBER OF FORMATTING ELEMENTS LIKE, IMAGES,
HEADINGS, LISTS, AND HYPERTEXT LINKS TO ENHANCE THE APPEARANCE OF A WEB PAGE.
44. What is the difference between a and tags?

Ans: THE <BASEFONT> TAG IS USED TO SET FONT FACE, SIZE, COLOUR, AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES
FOR THE WHOLE HTMLNDOCUMENT. TO SET THE FONT SIZE, GIVE A VALUE FROM 1 TO 7 TO THE
SIZE ATTRIBUTE.NEXAMPLE: <BASEFONT SIZE = 4>N< FONT SIZE= -3> WILL SET THE FONT SIZE TO
4-3 = 1.NTHE <FONT> TAG HELPS IN BEAUTIFYING AND DISPLAYING THE TEXT IN A PRESENTABLE
MANNER. ITS VARIOUS ATTRIBUTESNHELP IN SETTING THE TYPE, SIZE, AND COLOUR OF THE
TEXT.NEXAMPLE: < FONT FACE = "ARIAL BLACK" COLOR = "YELLOW" SIZE = 6>
45. Explain the terms ALINK and VLINK.

Ans: THE ALINK IS CALLED AN ACTIVE LINK. THIS ATTRIBUTE SPECIFIES THE COLOUR OF AN
ACTIVE LINK IN A DOCUMENT (A LINK ISNACTIVATED WHEN IT IS CLICKED).EXAMPLE: <BODY
ALINK="#FF00FF">NWHEN YOU CLOSE THE WEBSITE THAT HAS BEEN OPENED USING A LINK, AND
NOW YOU GO AND SEE THE LINK, YOU WILL FINDNTHAT IT WILL BE IN PURPLE COLOUR. IT MEANS
THAT THE WEBSITE CONNECTED TO THE LINK HAS ALREADY BEEN OPENED USINGNTHE LINK.
WHENEVER YOU OPEN THE WEBSITE CONTAINING THE LINK UNTIL THE HISTORY IS ERASED, THE
VLINK WILL APPEAR INNPURPLE ONLY. EXAMPLE: <BODYVLINK="#FFAA00">
46. What is the purpose of using the tags ... ?
 Ans: THE HEADING TAG IS USED TO DEFINE THE DIFFERENT HEADING LEVELS IN AN HTML
DOCUMENT. THESE ARE USED TONEMPHASISE THE TEXT. THERE ARE SIX HEADING LEVELS, <HL>
TO <H6>. THE HL HEADING STYLE DISPLAYS THE TEXT INNTHE LARGEST SIZE AND IS MAINLY USED
FOR MAIN HEADINGS. THE LOWER LEVELS ARE USED FOR SUBHEADINGS. IT IS NOTNESSENTIAL TO
USE THESE HEADING LEVELS IN A HIERARCHY. THE HEADING TAGS ARE WRITTEN WITHIN THE
<BODY> TAG.
47. What are comments and how do you give them in HTML?

Ans: COMMENTS ARE USEFUL FOR THE PROGRAMMERS AS THEY CAN WRITE NOTES FOR
THEMSELVES EXPLAINING THE SOURCE CODE.NTHERE ARE TWO WAYS OF CREATING A
COMMENT:N USING<!--AND -->NEXAMPLE: <!--THIS TEXT WILL NOT BE DISPLAYED BY THE BROWSER
-->N USING <COMMENT> TAGNEXAMPLE: <COMMENT> THIS IS A COMMENT </COMMENT>
48. What is the purpose of using the type attribute in lists?

Ans: THE TYPE ATTRIBUTE SPECIFIES THE TYPE OF NUMBERING AND BULLETS USED TO MARK
ITEMS IN AN ORDERED LIST ANDNUNORDERED LIST RESPECTIVELY. BY DEFAULT, ITS VALUE IS 'L'
FOR ORDERED LIST AND 'DISC' FOR AN UNORDERED LIST.
49. Differentiate between and tags.

Ans: <UL> TAG IS USED TO DEFINE THE UNORDERED LIST IN AN HTML DOCUMENT. THE
UNORDERED LIST IS USED WHEN THE ITEMSNARE NOT TO BE DISPLAYED IN ANY PARTICULAR
ORDER. THE <UL> TAG INDENTS EACH ITEM IN THE LIST AND ADDS A BULLETNAGAINST EACH OF
THEM.N<OL> TAG IS USED TO DEFINE THE ORDERED LIST IN AN HTML DOCUMENT. THE ORDERED
LIST IS USED TO DISPLAY THE LIST OFNITEMS IN A SPECIFIC ORDER. THE <OL> TAG INDENTS AND
GIVES A NUMBER TO EACH ITEM IN THE LIST, AND IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE NUMBERED LIST.
50. Write a short note on web browser.

Ans: A WEB BROWSER IS A SOFTWARE WHICH IS USED TO VIEW WEBSITES. IT IS AN INTERFACE

BETWEEN A USER AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB. A WEB BROWSER CAN HAVE A GRAPHICAL USER
INTERFACE LIKE INTERNET EXPLORER, MOZILLA FIREFOX, GOOGLE CHROME, OPERA, OR CAN BE
TEXT-BASED, I.E., LYNX.
51. Differentiate between Block-level elements and Text-level elements.

Ans: BLOCK LEVEL ELEMENTS TAKE UP THE FULL WIDTH AVAILABLE AND BY DEFAULT, BEGIN ON
A NEW LINE. THESE ELEMENTS INCLUDE TAGS LIKE, PARAGRAPH, HEADING, ETC.NON THE OTHER
HAND, TEXT LEVEL ELEMENTS ARE USED TO MARKUP THE BITS OF TEXT, INCLUDING CHANGING
THE TEXT APPEARANCE OR CREATING HYPERLINKS. THEY DO NOT START ON A NEW LINE AND
ONLY TAKE UP AS MUCH WIDTH AS NECESSARY. THESE ELEMENTS INCLUDE TAGS LIKE, BOLD,
ITALICS, LINE BREAK, ETC.
52. What is the difference between and tags?

Ans: THE <B> TAG IS USED TO DISPLAY THE TEXT AS BOLD. WHEN YOU WANT TO EMPHASISE THE
TEXT, TYPE THE TEXT WITHIN <B> AND </B> TAGS.NON THE OTHER HAND, THE <BR> TAG BREAKS A
LINE AND DISPLAYS THE PROCEEDING TEXT IN THE NEXT LINE WITHOUT GIVING ANY SPACE
BETWEEN THE TWO LINES. IT SHOULD BE GIVEN AT THE END OF THAT LINE AFTER WHICH A NEW
LINENIS REQUIRED.
53. How can we display, and & symbols on a web page?

Ans: TO DISPLAY <, >, AND & SYMBOLS ON A WEB PAGE, CHARACTER ENTITIES ARE USED.NTO
DISPLAY ??<?? SIGN, &LT IS USED.NTO DISPLAY ">" SIGN, &GT IS USED.NTO DISPLAY THE "&" SIGN,
&AMP IS USED.
54. Differentiate between Ordered and Unordered list with the help of an example.
 Ans: THE UNORDERED LIST IS USED WHEN THE ITEMS ARE NOT TO BE DISPLAYED IN ANY
PARTICULAR ORDER. THE LIST CAN BE DEFINED WITHIN THE <UL> AND </UL> TAGS. THE <UL> TAG
INDENTS EACH ITEM IN THE LIST AND ADDS A BULLET AGAINST EACH OF THEM. THAT IS WHY THE
UNORDERED LIST IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE BULLETED LIST.NFOR EXAMPLE, A LIST OF STATIONERY
ITEMS IS GIVEN BELOW:NPENNERASERNPENCILNTHE ORDERED LIST IS USED TO DISPLAY THE LIST
OF ITEMS IN A SPECIFIC ORDER. IT INDENTS AND GIVES A NUMBER TO EACH ITEM IN THE LIST, THAT
IS WHY IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE NUMBERED LIST. THE LIST BEGINS AND ENDS WITH <OL> AND
</OL> TAGS RESPECTIVELY.NFOR EXAMPLE, IN A RECIPE, IF THE STEPS ARE NOT DEMONSTRATED
ORDERLY, THE RESULT WOULD NOT BE AS DESIRED.
55. What do you mean by nesting of list?

Ans: A LIST CREATED WITHIN A LIST IS CALLED A NESTED LIST. ORDERED AND UNORDERED LIST
CAN BE NESTED WITHIN EACH OTHER TO FORM A MULTILEVEL LIST.
56. What is the function of Definition List? Explain its structure with the help of an example.

Ans: DEFINITION LISTS ARE USED TO OUTLINE THE MULTIPLE TERMS AND THEIR DESCRIPTIONS
ONE AFTER ANOTHER, AS IN A GLOSSARY AND OTHER NAME OR VALUE LISTS. IT STARTS AND
ENDS WITH <DL> AND </DL> TAG RESPECTIVELY. THE <DL> TAG IS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH
<DT> (DEFINITION TERM) AND <DD> (DEFINITION DESCRIPTION) TAGS WHERE:N<DT> HELPS IN
DEFINING THE TERMS OR NAMES.N<DD> HELPS IN DESCRIBING EACH TERM OR NAME.
57. Discuss the use of and tags with suitable examples of each.

Ans: <UL> TAG IS USED TO CREATE AN UNORDERED LIST. THE ITEMS IN AN ORDERED AND
UNORDERED LIST CAN BE ADDED BY USING THE <LI> TAG. BY DEFAULT, THE LIST ITEMS ARE
PRECEDED WITH A SOLID CIRCLE, WHICH CAN BE CHANGED USING THE TYPE ATTRIBUTE. USING
THE CLOSING TAG IN <LI> IS OPTIONAL.