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Discovering Diverse Content Through
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Up the centre of the meadow a new road is to be made 50 feet wide.
About forty years ago this ground yielded as fine a crop of wheat as
any in England. At that time certain Notice Boards were erected with
the words "Any person found plucking an ear of Corn will be fined
one shilling." An old parishioner, who is still living, told the writer that
he had been fined three shillings because he had picked up three
ears of corn which another man had thrown away.
BATTERSEA (LATCHMERE, formerly called Lechmore) ALLOTMENTS
cover an area of 16¼ acres, and are let to the industrial poor of the
parish to encourage habits of industry, the land was applied to the
present purpose in the year 1835. Originally there were 74 allotments
now there are 156. The Allotments let at 3/- a plot, each allotment
being divided into 10 plots. Application must be made to the
Churchwardens, William Evill and Joseph William Hiscox, Esqrs.
Pleasantly situated between the Albert and Bridge Roads, Battersea
Park Road, is Dove Dale Place, founded by the late Mrs. Lightfoot of
Balham, (Widow of the late Dr. Lightfoot) for persons in reduced
circumstances professing godliness, whether in connection with the
Church of England or members of other Christian Churches having
small yearly private incomes of their own. There are twelve
accommodations of two small rooms each, there are two four-room
cottages one at each end with gardens. In the middle of the centre
block is a Chapel and over the window is the representation of a
Dove bearing an Olive Branch. There are some pecuniary advantages
connected with the foundation. It is in the hands of Trustees.
On a plot of ground by the main road opposite Dove Dale Place
stands an old boiler that belonged to one Andrew Mann—it has stood
(we are told) where it is for the last twenty five years. Before its
removal to Battersea, it stood on a piece of land in Vauxhall Bridge
Road.
LAMMAS HALL situated in Bridge Road West, is Licensed Pursuant to
Act of Parliament of the 25th of King George 2nd, was erected in
1858. The Hall will seat about 400 persons and may be hired for
lectures, concerts, and other public purposes. The front part of the
building is used as a Vestry Hall and for the transaction of other
parochial business. A more commodious Hall is urgently needed in a
central part of the parish, so also are required Baths, Lavatory, and a
Public Library. Lammas Hall owes its origin from a fund which was
paid by the Battersea Park Commissioners for the extinguishment of
the Lammas Rights to the Churchwardens, by resolution of the Vestry
after several schemes had been brought forward they proposed to
build a Hall and Vice Chancellor Stuart appointed the Trustees hence
its name "Lammas Hall." Mr Thomas Harrap, Vestry Clerk.
THE UNION WORKHOUSE, erected in 1836 is situated within the
boundary of Battersea parish at the junction of East Hill and St.
John's Hill, it is an extensive brick building with accommodation for
833 inmates. The Infirmary adjoining was added in 1870 at a cost of
£40,000. The Casual Ward in addition is constructed for 117 casual
paupers. The Union comprises Battersea, Clapham, Putney,
Streatham, Tooting, and Wandsworth with a population in 1871 of
125,000 and an area of 11,488 acres. John Sanders, Solicitor and
Clerk; Edward H. Taylor, Assistant Clerk; Rev. William Armstrong,
Chaplain; T. H. Cresswell, Medical Officer; John Hodge, Master; Mrs
Martha Hodge, Matron; Mr. Pettman, Missionary.[1]
[1] The poor of England till the time of Henry VIII. subsisted as the poor of Ireland
until 1838 entirely upon private benevolence. Judge Blackstone observes that till
the Statute 26, Henry VIII. cap. 26, he finds no compulsory method for providing
for the poor, but upon the total dissolution of the Monasteries, abundance of
Statutes were made in the reign of King Henry VIII., Edward VI. and Elizabeth
which at last established the Poor's Rate, a legal assessment for the support of the
poor. Before the Reformation immense sums of money were appropriated for
charitable purposes, and notwithstanding many abuses the religious order of those
days never so far lost sight of this original institution as ever to neglect the poor.
The famous Statute of the 43rd of Elizabeth, 1601, by which Overseers were
appointed for Parishes is the basis of all the poor laws in England. By Statute 23,
Edward III., 1342, it was enacted that none should give alms to a beggar able to
work. An Act was passed 1531, empowering Justices to grant licenses to poor and
impotent persons to beg within certain limits of territory. By the Common Law, the
poor were to be sustained by "parsons, rectors of the church and parishioners so
that none should die for default of sustenance," and by 15 Richard II. impropriators
were obliged to distribute a yearly sum to the poor. An act of 1601 directed that
every parish shall provide for its own poor by an assessment to be levied by the
Justices in General Sessions and embodied regulations as to how assessment
should be made and applied. In 1782 Workhouse Unions were introduced by an Act
called Gilbert's Act. The Act of 1834 among other changes established the system
of Poor Law Unions. In Scotland the poor were really maintained by the private
Alms of individuals and by certain funds under the management of the Kirk
Session, which when regularly constituted consisted of the Minister, Elders, Session
Clerk and Kirk Treasurer. The Presbytery was by law appointed Auditor of the Poor's
Accounts of the several parishes. In the event of any difficult case arising in the
discharge of this duty the Presbytery could lay it before the Synod for advice.
"Scotland and Ireland have been legislated for separately, their poor laws are
similar to the English in principle and practice; both are administered by a Central
Board, which supervises the local bodies charged with relief, and in both the rate is
levied on the annual value of real property. The present system in Scotland was
instituted by the 8th and 9th Vic. c. 83 (1845). Scotland is divided into 883
parishes, some of them combined for Workhouse accommodation. The relief is
administered by a parochial board, appointed by ratepayers, the Burgh Magistrate
and the Kirk Session. They appoint Inspectors of the poor who act as relieving
officers. The Scotch law differs from the English and Irish in allowing no relief to
able bodied adults."
Old Battersea Workhouse, which has long since been pulled down,
was situated in the neighbourhood of Battersea Square. In the same
neighbourhood is the "Priory," now the residence of Mr. Oakman. Not
far from the Raven Tavern was the "Cage," in Surrey Lane, for the
confinement of petty criminals. Near the Prince's Head Tavern was
the Pound in which cattle were enclosed for trespass until replevied
or redeemed. Also a wooden machine called the "Stocks" to put the
legs of offenders in, for securing disorderly persons, and by way of
punishment in divers cases, ordained by statute, &c., was erected
without the gates of Battersea Churchyard, near the waterside.
In the last quarter of the eighteenth century, writes Robert Chambers
in his "Book of Days," there flourished at the corner of the lane
leading from the Wandsworth Road to Battersea Bridge a tavern
yclept "The Falcon," kept by one Robert Death—a man whose figure
is said to have ill comported with his name, seeing that it displayed
the highest appearance of jollity and good condition. A merry-hearted
artist, named John Nixon, passing the house one day, found an
Undertaker's company regaling themselves at 'Death's door,' having
just discharged their duty to a rich Nabob in a neighbouring
churchyard, they had ... found an opportunity for refreshing
exhausted nature; and well did they ply the joyful work before them.
The artist, tickled at a festivity among such characters in such a
place, sketched them on the spot. This sketch was soon after
published, accompanied by a cantata from another hand of no great
merit, in which the foreman of the company, Mr. Sable, is represented
as singing as follows, to the tune of 'I've kissed and I've prattled with
fifty fair maids':—
"Dukes, Lords, have I buried, and squires of fame,
And people of every degree;
But of all the fine jobs that ere came in my way,
A funeral like this for me.
This, this is the job
That fills the fob;
Oh! the burying of a Nabob for me!
Unfeather the hearse, put the pall in the bag,
Give the horses some oats and some hay;
Drink our next merry meeting and quackeries increase
With three times three and hurra!"
A portion of the Falcon Tavern erected about 275 years ago at the
end of Falcon Lane still remains with the old witch elm tree in front,
its hollow trunk, to which a door is attached, answers the purpose of
a bin or cupboard where hay is put with which to feed horses, and
the old wooden-cased pump, fastened with rusty holdfasts to the
tree, may still be seen. On the 15th of January, 1811, a printed
engraving was published representing "Undertakers regaling" by this
road-side inn, a copy of which may now be seen within. At that time
R. Death was the landlord, he had written outside the tavern in large
characters, Robert Death, Dealer in Genuine Rum, Gin, Wine; an
Ordinary on Sundays; Tea, Coffee and Hot Rolls; Syllabubs and
Cheese-cakes in the highest perfection. The subjoined doggerel lines
as a skit or burlesque on the publican's name is published with the
engraving:—
"O stop not here ye sottish wights,
For purl nor ale nor gin,
 For if you stop whoe'er alights
By Death is taken in.
When having eat and drank your fill
Should ye, O hapless case,
Neglect to pay your landlord's bill
Death stares you in the face.
With grief sincere I pity those
Who've drawn themselves this scrape in,
Since from this dreadful gripe, heaven knows,
Alas! there's no escaping.
This one advice my friend pursue
Whilst you have life and breath,
Ne'er pledge your host for if you do
You'll surely drink to Death."
The Falcon Tavern is now kept by Mr. J. G. Brown.
Mr. Edward Walford in his work entitled "Old and New London,"
published by Cassell, Petter and Galpin, London; in Part 66 at Page
479, writes, "Battersea has other claims to immortality: in spite of the
claims of Burton and Edinburgh, there can be little doubt, if Fuller is a
trustworthy historian, that one of the ozier beds of the river side here
was the cradle of bottled ale. The story is thus circumstantially told in
'The Book of Anecdote':—Alexander Nowell, Dean of St Paul's and
Master of Westminster School in the reign of Queen Mary, was a
supporter of 'the new opinions' and also an excellent angler. But,
writes Fuller, while Nowell was catching of fishes Bishop Bonner was
after catching of Nowell, and would certainly have sent him to the
Tower if he could have caught him, as doubtless he would have done
had not a good merchant of London conveyed him away safely upon
the seas. It so happened that Nowell had been fishing upon the
banks of the Thames when he received the first intimation of his
danger, which was so pressing that he dared not even go back to his
house to make any preparation for his flight. Like an honest angler,
he had taken with him on this expedition provisions for the day, in
the shape of some bread and cheese and some beer in a bottle; and
on his return from London and to his own haunts he remembered
that he had left these stores in a safe place upon the bank, and there
he resolved to look for them. The bread and cheese of course were
gone; but the bottle was still there—'yet no bottle, but rather a gun:
such was the sound at the opening thereof.' And this trifling
circumstance, quaintly observes Fuller, 'is believed to have been the
origin of bottled ale in England, for casualty (i.e. accident) is mother
of more inventions than is industry.'"
On the road to Wandsworth and facing Plough Lane was "Ye Plough
Inn," erected A.D. 1701. In front of this Inn grew an oak to which an
iron ring was fastened, and it is supposed that here Dick Turpin the
notorious highwayman occasionally reined up his bonny black mare.
When the Inn was re-built in 1875-6 the trunk was removed to the
front of the "Old House" in Plough Lane, which formerly belonged to
Mr. Carter, who owned extensive market gardens about here. The
following lines were written in commemoration of the famous Old
Plough Tree, and the present landlord has had the lines enframed for
his customers to read:—
"This stump the remains of the Old Oak Tree,
That flourish'd when knights of the road roamed free,
When bands of lawless yet chivalrous knights
Struck fear to the hearts of purse-proud wights!
This gay old king of the forest's wilds,
His proud head bow'd to the sun's bright smiles,
In glorious prime when his branches were strong
As shoulders of Atlas in time long gone!
His leaves in the murmuring breeze did fling
Their sweet green shade o'er the Old Plough Inn!
When the knights of the road of their deeds did sing,
'Twas there to his side was first fixed the ring
To which Dick Turpin the gallant and bold
When going to the Plough to spend his bright gold
Did tether his mare, swift Bonny Black Bess.
When rider and horse stopp'd here to get rest.
Removed from his place when the Old Plough's head
By time's fell decree in ruin was laid!
 This stump that remains of the Old Plough tree
In front of 'The Old House,' in Plough Lane you may see.
Here placed in memory of the Old Plough Inn
An aged memento of things that have been!
Here in his last stage, sapped branchless and grey,
Here in cool September, the trunk's first day,
In the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six,
Was planted by Messrs. J. Goodman and Wilkes."
William Holloway.
Situated in Plough Lane, and nearly opposite the residence of the late
Rev. I. M. Soule, were Alms Houses for eight poor widows, founded
by Mrs. Henry Tritton. The whole of this estate is now built upon and
is called May Soule Road.
At Lawn House, now occupied by Mr. Miller the Barge Builder in
Lombard Road, of the Firm of Nash and Miller, lived Mr. Hammett, of
the firm of Eisdale and Hammett, Bankers. He was a great patron of
the rowing fraternity and kept an open house two days in the year.
He awarded the prizes for the Kean's Sovereigns and the Funny Boat
Club races on the lawn in front of his house.
The Old Swan Tavern (now kept by Mr. R. Turner) nearly opposite the
Star and Garter, was a kind of half-way house between Lambeth and
Putney for the Eton and Westminster scholars who used to put in
here when training for the great rowing match so strongly contested
between them, but who in the zenith of their fame never obtained
such popularity as the annual boat race has done of late between the
Cantabs and Oxonians.
An old-fashioned print represents the former Parish Church of
Battersea with square tower crowned with lantern and pinnacles, not
far off is the Swan Tavern with stairs leading down to the river where
persons arriving by boat might land. An excellent wood-cut engraving
in "Lysons's Environs" represents not only the New Parish Church but
the sign of the Old Swan with two necks. Charles Dibdin in a ballad
opera entitled "The Waterman; or the first of August," first performed
at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket, August 8th, 1774, Scene III.—
Battersea—represents a room at the Swan, with a large open window
looking on the Thames in which Master Bundle the honest gardener
and hen-pecked husband, and Mrs. Bundle the termagant wife, the
Star of Battersea, figure conspicuously. Reference is also made in
Scene I. to the "Black Raven," now kept by W. Ambrose. It is said
that in olden time this was a Posting Establishment for Royalty.
Situated on Wandsworth Common and overlooking the London
Brighton and South-Coast and South-Western Railways are the Royal
Victoria Patriotic Schools for Boys and Girls, children of deceased
soldiers, sailors and marines. Founded by Her Most Gracious Majesty,
1854-56. The Patriotic Asylum was endowed by the Commissioners of
the Royal Patriotic Fund which was instituted in 1854 for the purpose
of giving "assistance to the widows and orphans of those who fell
during the Crimean and more recent wars, and to provide schools for
their children." Within the boundary of Battersea Parish is situated
the Asylum for Boys but the Asylum for Girls which is some three
hundred yards distant is in the parish of Wandsworth. 200 boys are in
the Asylum. Superintendent, W. Ridpath; Office, 5, St Martin's Place,
Trafalgar Square; Secretary, W. H. Mugford, Esq.
Near the southern boundary of the parish and not far from
Wandsworth Common Railway Station, are situated St. James'
Industrial Schools. [1]This Institution stands on a portion of 22 acres
of land purchased of the Right Honourable Frederick Earl Spencer,
K.G., and conveyed to the Governors and Directors of the Poor of the
Parish of St. James, Westminster, by Deed bearing dates, the thirtieth
day of December, one thousand eight hundred and fifty. The first
stone laid 24th September, 1851. The School opened 22nd June,
1852. F. Parkis, Superintendent. There are now 141 boys in the
schools. On leaving a premium of £10 is given to each boy to learn a
trade. Mrs. Anne Newton, late of upper Harley Street in the Parish of
Mary-le-bone, widow, deceased, by her Will left, dated the 12th of
March, 1806, £1,000. £429 19s. 3d. has been received through the
Court of Chancery. The interest is given to the best boy selected by
his fellow scholars, on condition that the Superintendent agrees with
their decision.
[1] Mr. Beal sold on Wednesday, March 13th, 1878, at the Mart, 14½ acres of land
for £14,500, being part of 20 acres bought in 1850 for the sum of £600. The land is
in Battersea Parish, bordering on Wandsworth Common, and was part of the site of
the Westminster Union (St. James') Industrial Schools. It was bought by the British
Land Company.
The Royal Masonic Institution for Girls supported entirely by
Voluntary Contributions, was instituted on the 25th March, 1788, at
the suggestion of the late Chevalier Bartholomew Ruspini, Surgeon-
Dentist to his late Majesty, George the Fourth, for the purpose of
educating, clothing, and maintaining a limited number of girls,
whether orphans or otherwise, the children of Brethren whose
reduced means prevented them from affording their female offspring
a suitable education. His late Majesty, the Prince of Wales, with other
members of the Royal Family, the nobility, clergy and gentry, and
many of the most influential members of the craft, gave the project
their warmest support, and by their united efforts established this
Institution, which has preserved numbers of children from the
dangers and misfortunes to which females are peculiarly exposed,
trained them up in the knowledge and love of virtue and habits of
industry, and cultivated the practice of such social, moral and
religious duties as might best conduce to their welfare and eternal
happiness. A school-house was erected in 1793, near the Obelisk, St.
George's Fields, on leasehold ground belonging to the Corporation of
the City of London. At the expiration of the lease in 1851, it was
determined by the Committee to remove to a more healthy locality.
Accordingly about three acres of freehold land were purchased on the
high ground of Battersea Rise. Upon this land the present building,
which is an ornament to the neighbourhood, was erected in 1852. It
is constructed of red brick of Gothic architecture from the designs of
Mr. Phillip Hardwicke, and is noticeable for its great central clock
tower. Since the first erection of the building a wing has been added
and the wings of the buildings have been extended in front in order
to afford extra school-room, dining room and dormitory
accommodation. Detached from the main building an Infirmary has
been erected in the grounds, including convalescent room, laundry,
and every appliance necessary thereto. The establishment consists of
a Matron; a Governess; three Assistant Governesses; an Assistant to
the Matron, and six Junior Teachers; a Gardener and his Wife; and
eight female Servants. Since its establishment, one thousand and
ninety-one girls have been educated, clothed, and maintained within
its walls. There are now one hundred and sixty-two girls in the
Institution. The school is open for inspection every day from eleven
to four (Sundays excepted) and can be reached by any train stopping
at Clapham Junction which is closely adjacent.
CLAPHAM JUNCTION is in the direction of St. John's Hill, at the north-
eastern extremity of Wandsworth Common. "The station itself which
was at first one of the most inconvenient, was re-built a few years
ago, and now with its various sidings and goods-sheds cover several
acres of ground." It is one of the most important railway junctions
south of the Thames, offering facilities to persons desirous of
travelling not only to any part of the Metropolis but to all parts of
England. Easy access can be had to the eight different platforms for
"upline" and "downline," etc., on entering the tunnel. Booking office
for Kensington, Metropolitan line, etc., on the ground floor at the
north end of the tunnel and facing No. 2 platform; Booking office
South-Western line No. 5 platform; Booking office Brighton and
South-Coast No. 8 platform; also Telegraph office ditto ditto.
At the Junction there are thirteen waiting rooms, two refreshment
bars, two cab ranks, two carriage roads to the Junction from St.
John's Hill. Nearly 1,000 trains pass through the Junction daily. The
staff of railway employés are respectful and obliging to passengers;
there is none of that bull-dog growl in reply to questions which
characterize some men with surly dispositions who fill public
positions.
"Evil is wrought from want of thought
As well as want of heart."
London, Brighton and South-Coast Railway: Station Master, Mr. John
B. Carne; South-Western Railway: Station Master, Mr. Thomas Green.
West London Extension Railway: Battersea Station, High Street.
BATTERSEA PROVIDENT DISPENSARY, 175, High Street, founded
1844, re-organized 1876; President, The Rev. Canon Erskine Clarke,
Vicar of Battersea; Hon. Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. B. W. Bayley;
Committee for 1881, Dr. J. Brown, Mr. J. H. T. Connor, Mr. Heale, Mr.
Merry, Mr. Pilditch, Rev. S. G. Scott, Rev. H. G. Sprigg, Rev. J. Toone,
Mr. Trehearne, Mr. Tyrer, Mr. H. Urwicke; Elected Representatives of
Benefit Members, Mr. King, Mr. Whensley; Medical Officers, Mr.
Oakman, The Priory, Battersea Square; Mr. G. F. Burroughs, Queen's
Road, and Grayshott Road; Dr. R. Frazer, Sisters Terrace, Lavender
Hill; Mr. Biggs, 93, Northcote Road; Mr. Sewell (Kempster & Sewell),
247, Battersea Park Road; Resident Dispenser, Mr. Whitehead;
Collector, Mr. Chatting.
The Funds of the Institution are derived from two sources. (1) From
the weekly payments of Subscribers who are termed members. (2)
From annual contributions of the more affluent, who on subscribing
to the Institution become honorary members. Medical attendance
and medicine are supplied to persons earning not more than 30/- a
week on payment of one penny per week for those over 14, and one
half-penny per week for those under 14; but no greater sum than
fourpence shall be required from any family residing together as
such. To persons earning more than 30/- and not more than 50/- per
week, double the terms named above. Members select their own
medical attendant from the medical officers of the Institution. The
medical officers attend at the Dispensary at appointed hours, but
give advice at their own residences, and visit the sick at their own
houses when necessary. The Dispensary is open for the supply of
medicines daily, except Sunday, at 10, 3 and 7; but medicines are
supplied at all hours in urgent cases.
WANDSWORTH COMMON PROVIDENT DISPENSARY, Bolingbroke
House.—President, The Rev. Canon J. Erskine Clarke; Honorary
Secretaries and Treasurers, Rev. J. H. Hodgson, Church House,
Bolingbroke Grove; J. S. Wood, Esq., Woodville, Upper Tooting;
Honorary Dentist, A. J. East, Esq., St. John's Hill, New Wandsworth;
Resident Medical Officer, Dr. John H. Gray.
CHARITY ORGANIZATION SOCIETY, 1, Clifton Terrace.—Office hours,
9 till 10 a.m. and 5 to 6 p.m. Joint Secretaries: J. H. Ward, Esq., and
Frank Knight, Esq., Agent, Mr. J. T. Thornton. Sub-office: St. George's
Mission Room, New Road.
THE PENNY BANK, 1, Clifton Terrace, Battersea Park Road, is open on
Mondays and Saturdays, from 7 to 8 p.m.
Conspicuously situated at the corner of Simpson Street, Battersea
Park Road, is No. 54 Metropolitan Fire Brigade Station, erected 1873-
4, is substantially built of red brick, with turret. In case of fire two
engines and one fire-escape are kept on the premises. Staff: one
officer and four men.
"We are indebted to Germany for the invention of the first fire
engine."
Respecting the origin of fire brigades: "In 1774 an Act was passed
requiring every Parish to provide itself with one large and one small
engine, &c., and everything necessary in case of fire. The first
London fire brigade was an Institution entirely independent of the
parishes, as indeed also of the Government and of the Corporation of
London. It was created and exclusively supported by the Insurance
Companies of the Metropolis. At first every Insurance Company had
its own fire engine and men to work it, but in 1825 some of them
joined, and when the advantage of union was seen most of the
others desired to take part in the combination already formed, the
result of which was that in 1833 a more extensive organization was
made, to which the name of the London Fire Brigade was given. Such
was the state of matters until by Act 28 and 29 Vict. cap. xc., July
5th, 1865, the duty of extinguishing fires and protecting life and
property in case of fire was declared to be entrusted to the
Metropolitan Board of Works within their jurisdiction, and provision
was made for the establishment of the Metropolitan Fire Brigade. The
Act provides for its support from three sources, viz.: 1st, £10,000
Grant from Treasury; 2nd, ½d. in the £ Rate; 3rd, £35 for every
£1,000,000 insured in the Metropolis from Insurance Companies,
which in the year ending December 31, 1872, realized £16,267. All
the Stations are in direct communication by telegraph with the
Central Station, so that any required number of engines or men may
be summoned to any given spot without delay. In 1872 the cost of
maintenance was: Brigade, £67,520; Stations, £8,793; Total,
£76,313. All the Dock Companies have engines, and some large
private firms."—Popular Cyclopedia, Blackie & Son.
By 1833 all the important Companies combined and the London Fire
Brigade was formed, organised and raised to an efficient standard
under the management of the late and much lamented Mr. James
Braidwood, who met with his death in the act of discharging his
duties at the great conflagration which broke out in the afternoon of
Saturday, June 22nd 1861, in one of the warehouses on the banks of
the river, close to the Surrey side of London Bridge, which in spite of
increasing efforts to extinguish it, continued to burn until it destroyed
property worth nearly £2,000,000. The destruction of property thus
caused by the fiery element is without a parallel in the Metropolis
since the great fire of 1666. "Three acres of ground were gradually
covered with a mass of fire, glowing and crackling at a white heat
like a lake of molten iron. The saltpetre, the tallow, the tar and other
combustibles stored in the warehouses ran blazing into the Thames
until the very river appeared to be covered with the flames. Ships
were burned as well as houses, and the danger to life was almost as
great on the river as in the street. The glare of the conflagration was
not only visible but strikingly conspicuous 30 miles off."
THE METROPOLITAN POLICE.—The organization of the present
effective Police force is due to Sir Robert Peel's bill of 1829. The force
is divided into the City Police, confined to the City proper, whose
office is in the Old Jury, and the Metropolitan Police, which consists of
about 8,200 men, and whose Chief Station is in Scotland Yard.
Metropolitan Police Station, Battersea, V. Sub-Division, Bridge Road.
Superintendent, Mr. Digby; Inspectors, Mr. McCrory, Mr. Steggles.
Number of men about 70. W. Division New Police Station, Battersea
Park Road.
The full force of the Metropolitan Police in 1876 was 10,238.[1]
[1] The Report of the Commissioners of Police for the year 1879 shows that in
December the Metropolitan police numbered 10,711, which was an increase of 234
over the previous year. The number of felonies committed during the year was
21,891, for which 11,431 persons were arrested. The loss by thefts was £101,798,
of which £22,460 was recovered. The Director of Criminal Investigations reports
that photography and engraving have been extensively used in the tracing of
criminals, with very satisfactory results.
Board of Works for the Wandsworth District, Battersea Rise, S.W.
Arthur Alex. Corsellis, Clerk of the Board.
ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE of the National Society is situated in Lombard
Road for the training of young men who are intended to become
schoolmasters in schools connected with the Church of England.
There are at this time about 80 students. The Rev. Evan Daniel, M.A.,
Principal; Rev. Edwin Hammonds, Vice-Principal; Mr. George White,
Secretary and Tutor; Mr. Arthur Macken, Tutor; M. Alphonso Estoclet,
French Master; Mr. E. C. May, Teacher of Music; Mr. W. Taylor, Normal
Master; Mr. E. Mills, Organist; Dr. Connor, Medical Attendant.
The College owes its origin to Dr. J. P. Kay-Shuttleworth and Mr. E. C.
Tufnell, Assistant Poor-Law Commissioner, who with the view of
establishing a Normal School in this country for imparting to young
men that due amount of knowledge and training them to those
habits of simplicity and earnestness which might render them useful
instructors to the poor, travelled to Holland, Prussia, Switzerland,
Paris and other places that they might witness the operations of such
educational schemes as had been projected by Pestalozzi, De
Fellenberg and others interested in promoting the education of the
poor. The plan suggested by Dr. Kay-Shuttleworth and Mr. Tufnell met
with the hearty and most cordial approval of the Vicar, the Hon. and
Rev. R. Eden, who offered them the use of his village schools to carry
out their benevolent intentions. In 1840 they selected a commodious
manor house near the river Thames, at Battersea. Boys as students
were first obtained from the School of Industry at Norwood, who
were to be kept in training for three years. Subsequently some young
men joined the Institution whose period of training was necessarily
limited to one year. In 1843, the Directors, Dr. Kay-Shuttleworth and
Mr. Tufnell, who had supported the Institution by their own private
means, had it transferred into the hands of the National Society. The
Continental modes of instruction which had been adopted, such as
Mulhauser's method of writing, Wilhelm's method of singing, Dupuis'
method of drawing, etc., were so satisfactory that a grant of £2,200
for the enlargement and improvement of the premises was made to
them by the Committee of Council on Education which was
transferred to the National Society and without delay disbursed in
completing the alterations required. In the early part of 1846 a new
class-room was erected. "The Institution is supported by the National
Society's special fund for providing schoolmasters for the
manufacturing and mining districts. Only young men are received as
students, whose term of training is generally two years."
THE VICARAGE HOUSE SCHOOL is also situated here. Principal: Miss
Crofts. Fees from half a guinea to a guinea per quarter, according to
age and attainments. The only extra subjects are Music and French.
On the border of the river between Albert Bridge and Watney's
Distillery are several wharfs and factories. Ribbon Factory of Cornell,
Lyell and Webster; the Glove Factory of Fownes & Co.; Garton, Hill &
Co.'s Sugar Refinery now in course of erection; Orlando Jones & Co.'s
Rice Starch Manufactory; Denny's (Creek) Flour Mills;[1] Price's Patent
Candle Company's Factory; B. Freeman & Co.'s Varnish and Color
Works; T. Whiffin's Chemical Manufactory; Nash and Miller, Barge
Builders; A. B. Cox, Barge and Boat Builder; Watney's Malt Houses.
[1] A pair of 4-ft. stones will grind four bushels per hour.

On the site where now stands Fownes & Co.'s Glove Factory,
formerly used as a silk factory, was Bonwell and Waymouth's
Distillery. This firm furnished a Corps of (Battersea) Volunteers, of
which the late Mr. George Chadwin was an ensign. Mr. Jonathan
Browne, who used to preach at the Old Baptist Meeting House, York
Road, was the grandfather of Mr. George Jonathan Chadwin, of
Lombard Road, who was Vestry Clerk for 29 years in conjunction
with his father.
T. Gaines, a celebrated Horticulturist and Florist, resided in an
ancient mansion that stood in Surrey Lane, thought by some to have
been a private residence of Queen Elizabeth. The house has been
pulled down.
J. Tow kept a Private Mad House in High Street, It is now occupied
by Austin & Co., Dyers.
It is supposed by some that there was in olden time a Foundry in
Battersea for casting shot, etc., for the Tower of London.
THE PATENT PLUMBAGO CRUCIBLE COMPANY'S WORKS, which are
the largest crucible works in the world, cover a large space of
ground and have a river frontage. The principal elevation in Church
Road is a conspicuous feature in the neighbourhood. It is Italian in
character freely treated and somewhat Continental in design. The
clock tower rises about 100 feet high, in which is an illuminated
clock that may be seen at a considerable distance. A portion of the
basement of this elegant structure is appropriated to the private
office of the manager and clerks' offices where every quality of
plumbago is represented by specimens from all the most celebrated
mines, particularly those of Ceylon, Germany, Spain, Siberia,
Canada, Finland and Borrowdale. The other departments are the
stores, grinding room, mixing room, potters' room, drying room, the
clay department, store room, etc. Crucibles for melting and refining
metals have been used ever since man threw aside his hatchet and
bone-chisel for bronze. For scientific research the crucible has
occupied an important place. It was constantly used by the first
alchemists and has truly been styled the cradle of experimental
chemistry. The word crucible from the Latin crux-crucis recalls the
alchemical practice of marking the vessel with the protective sign of
the cross. Crucibles of different shapes and sizes are extensively
employed by the refiner of gold and silver, the brass founder, melters
of copper, zinc and malleable iron, the manufacture of cast steel, the
assayer and the practical chemist. For ordinary metallurgical
operations clay crucibles are extensively employed. At the
International Exhibition of 1862 the only prize medal for crucibles
was awarded to the Company and another prize medal for
blackleads. The Company's crucibles are now used exclusively by the
English, Australian and Indian Mints; the Royal Arsenals of Woolwich,
Brest, and Toulon, etc., etc., and have been adopted by most of the
large engineers, brass founders and refiners in this country and
abroad. Their great superiority consists in their capability of melting
on an average forty pourings of the most difficult metals, and a still
greater number of those of an ordinary character, some of them
having actually reached the extraordinary number of 96 meltings.
These crucibles never crack, become heated much more rapidly than
any other description, and require only one annealing, may be used
any number of times without further trouble, change of temperature
(they may be plunged while cold into a furnace nearly white hot
without cracking) having no effect on them. The Patent Plumbago
Crucible Company are the greatest consumers of the Ceylon
Graphite brought to the United Kingdom. The total quantity of
Graphite exports from Ceylon in 1862 was 40,195 cwt., of which
34,730 cwt. was shipped to Great Britain.
This Company are at present carrying out very extensive
improvements on the river side along the front of their premises in
the construction of a river wall built of Portland Cement Concrete,
the foundations of which are carried down four feet below Trinity
Low Water Mark, which have been done without the aid of a coffer-
dam. These works when completed will reclaim a very valuable
frontage of the river. The total length of wall and camp-shedding
together with the adjoining property of Messrs. May and Baker's
Chemical Works will be about 500 feet.
These improvements if extended westward towards the Parish
Church will be the means of doing away with the unsightly mud
banks which now exist, there is no doubt then a clean foreshore will
be accomplished similar to the south side lower down the river
where more extensive embankment works have been constructed.
Behind a portion of the wall which the Plumbago Company are
constructing will be some extensive cellars, which will be covered
over with a concrete floor carried on wrought iron girders and
supported by cast iron columns, and on the top of this floor will be a
tram seven feet wide for the use of a heavy steam crane, and when
completed will be able to unload goods out of barges alongside and
deliver the same into the second floor of the present warehouse.
These works have been constructed from the designs and under the
superintendence of Mr. W. H. Thomas, C.E., of 15 Parliament Street,
Westminster, Engineer to the Patent Plumbago Crucible Company,
and now being carried out by Messrs. B. Cook & Co., of Phœnix
Wharf, Church Road Battersea, Mr. Maples acting as Clerk of the
Works.
The same firm are also constructing large river-side works at Nine
Elms for the London Gas-Light Company for a Ship's Berth, from the
design and under the superintendence of Robert Morton, Esq., the
Company's Engineer.
A very striking feature is connected with the latter works, as it is
proposed to bring vessels up the river capable of carrying 1,000 tons
of coals which will be discharged by the use of hydraulic cranes and
delivered by tram direct into the Gas Works.
Adjacent are the Silicated Carbon Filter Company's Works. Whenever
man has arrived at any considerable degree of civilization the subject
of water supply had a share in his solicitude, and it is questionable if
our modern works for supplying water surpass those of ancient
Judea, Greece, Rome, Mexico and other places. The effect of impure
water on the health and life of the community was alas, too painfully
evinced by the outbreak of cholera in 1854-1866, and by the reports
of medical officers as to the cause of typhoid fever.
The Silicated Carbon Filters are so constructed that the solid matter
deposited on the filtering medium can be easily cleansed away. They
entirely remove from water all organic matter and every trace of
lead, and for all domestic purposes they may be said to render water
absolutely pure. Testimonials from eminent authorities describe the
extraordinary power possessed by these filters of entirely freeing
water from every noxious quality.
Contiguous are the premises belonging to Mr. H. Bollman Condy, the
Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer of Antiseptic Aromatic Vinegar,
"Condy's Fluid," and "Condy's Ozonised Sea Salt."
Adjoining are the Citizen Steamboat Company's Works and Dock,
whose steamboats leave Battersea to London Bridge and intervening
piers every ten minutes from 8 a.m. till dark. Entrance: Bridge Road.
Manager: Mr. M. Williams.
Situated in Wellington Road is A. Ransome & Co.'s Battersea
Foundry.
S. Williams' Barge Works, Albert Road.
ORLANDO JONES & CO.'S STARCH WORKS.—Oryza is the name by
which rice was known to the Greeks and Romans and which has
been adopted by botanists as the generic name of the plant yielding
that valuable grain. The name Paddy is applied to the rice in the
natural state, or before being separated from the husk. The genua
Oryza has two glumes to a single flower; paleae two, nearly equal,
adhering to the seed; stamens six, and styles two. The common rice
Oryza Sativa unlike many cultivated grams is still found in a wild
state in and about the borders of lakes in the Rajahmundy Circare
though the grain in its wild state is white, palatable and considered
wholesome the produce when compared with the varieties of
cultivation is very small. The rice plant is described as a native of
India from which country it has spread over a great part of the world
especially in Asia where it forms the principal portion of the food of
the inhabitants. A failure of the rice crop is most disastrous as has
been experienced too painfully by the natives of India during the late
famine in that region. "A rice field produces a much greater quantity
of food than the most fertile corn fields. Two crops in the year, from
thirty to sixty bushels each, are said to be the ordinary produce of
an acre." Rice is now extensively cultivated in North and South
Carolina, and in Georgia, also in Italy and the South of Spain and
likewise a little in Germany. There are forty or fifty varieties of rice.
Dr. Roxburgh divides them into two kinds. One called in Telinga,
Poonas Sans; the second division of cultivated rice is called Pedder
Worloo by the Telingas.
Rice Starch is principally used for laundry purposes it will be found
distinguished from all others by its singular purity and brightness of
color. It will not stick to the iron in the slightest degree. It may be
used with hot or cold water, and articles starched with it do not lose
their stiffness in damp weather. A few of the principal sources of the
various known starches are sago, arrowroot, yams, the manioc-root
and horse chesnuts in addition to those resorted to by
manufacturers, viz.: wheat, potato, maize and rice, the latter being a
great novelty and illustrating more than any other the progress of
chemical science. Wheat starch is the oldest known. It is alluded to
by Pliny in the 'Natural History,' and the discovery of the method of
its extraction is attributed by him to the inhabitants of the Island of
Chios. The starches used three centuries ago, when such enormous
ruffles and frills were in fashion were made from wheat; in fact
down to modern times it was the only known source of starch.
Owing to a scarcity of wheat at the commencement of the present
century the use of wheat for the manufacture of starch was
prohibited by a legislative enactment. The restrictions thus imposed
were considered most oppressive, no one could manufacture starch
without a licence and a tenement rent was exacted. The details of
manufacture were subject to Government regulations and a duty of
3¼d. per pound was levied, amounting to more than 75 per cent. of
the present market value of the article. These hindrances to the
extension of the manufacture were wisely removed by our
Legislature in the year 1833. Starch is one of the principal
constituents of vegetable substance. It is stored up in the seeds,
roots and piths of plants and by its decomposition furnishes the
materials for keeping up respiration and supplying the animal heat.
It has an organised structure and when examined by the microscope
presents the form of rounded grains or granules composed of
concentric layers which differ in size and shape in the starch of
different plants the granules varying in diameter from 1000th to
300th of an inch. However the composition is the same, consisting of
seventy-two parts of carbon and eighty-one of water. "In its pure
state starch is a fine white powder without taste or smell. It is not
soluble in water or alcohol, or ether, but mixed with boiling water it
swells, bursts, and forms a kind of mucilage, which cools into a
semi-transparent paste or jelly." The process of manufacturing
starch from rice was discovered and patented about the year 1840
by Mr. Orlando Jones, founder of the house of the same name. His
invention consists in the treatment of rice by a caustic alkaline
solution during the steeping, grinding and macerating of the grains.
The alkali used is either caustic potash or soda, of such a strength
as to dissolve the gluten without destroying the starch; it must
consequently vary with the character of the grain and hence the
utmost nicety is required. The Battersea Works of Orlando Jones &
Co. were built in 1848, the firm having previously carried on their
manufacture in Whitechapel, they are situated on the banks of the
Thames near the works of Price's Patent Candle Company, and
occupy ground extending from the river to York Road; thus the firm
possesses facilities of conveyance both by land and water—this latter
is particularly valuable to them to enable them to save all dock,
landing and warehousing charges. A large new store has been
recently built on their wharf to which rice is barged direct from the
ship. From the wharf also the manufactured article itself is conveyed
to the docks for shipment to the Continent and our Colonies, with
which a large trade is carried on. As an illustration of the extent of
Orlando Jones & Co.'s operations it may be added that the box
making department is a little factory in itself, and the machinery
employed for the various purposes of sawing, dusting, cleaning,
lighting, pumping, stirring, and grinding is driven by steam engines.
It will be obvious that the manufacture of rice starch on a large scale
requires no little capital and skill, and takes high rank among those
industrial enterprises which are so peculiarly the characteristic and
the glory of our age and country. Messrs. Orlando Jones & Co's
manufacture has been awarded nine prize medals at International
Exhibitions, and the grand distinction of the gold medal of the
Académie Nationale of Paris. These medals have been awarded 'for
introduction of the process,' 'for excellence of manufacture' and 'for
large production.'
It is worthy of note that Messrs. Orlando Jones & Co. are the
manufacturers of Chapman's Patent Prepared Entire Wheat flour
especially distinguished by its richness in earthly phosphates which
are essential to the development of bones and teeth. This
farinaceous food for infants, children and invalids is much
recommended by the medical faculty.
Battersea is becoming quite noted for Laundries. There is Strutt's
(Lawn) Laundry, Orkney Street; Royal Albert Laundry, Battersea Park
Road; Laundry, Sheepcote House; Latchmere Laundry; Alder's South
Western Laundry, Surrey Lane; Lombard Road Laundry; Palmer's
Laundry, Chatham Road, Wandsworth Common; and many others.
But one of the largest and most gigantic of Laundries is the Colossal
Steam Laundry, belonging to Messrs. Spiers & Pond, erected 1879.
The Laundry is situated on the North side of Battersea Park Road, it
is constructed of yellow brick, with stone window-sills, and Beart's
white-moulded brick for string courses, window jambs, arches, and
cornices. The Building and Works are from designs by Mr. Kemp,
Architectural Engineer. Mr. Priddle of Hounslow was the Contractor;
and Mr. Warburton, Clerk of the Works, under whose
superintendence the work was carried out.
The Building and Grounds extend over an area of one acre, the
principal frontage which is 170 ft. in length, faces the East in a road
leading to the South gate of Battersea Park, now called Alexandra
Avenue. The central portion has an elevation of 45 ft. in height
consisting of three floors containing, Manager's Residence, Clerk's
Offices, etc., also a mess-room for the Employés, with bath-room
and domestic lavatories. A spacious archway leads into the court-
yard. This entrance is 10 ft. in width and 15 ft. in height. The wings
of each side of the central portion have an elevation of two floors.
Other blocks each containing one lofty floor are built on the North,
South and West sides, to nearly one half the extent of the site. The
remaining open space which is set apart as a drying ground is
furnished with necessary appliances. Securely fixed in the ground by
means of struts are 96 poles, to which is firmly attached a galvanic
wire-rope for bleaching purposes. A separate block at the South
West corner is for stables, adjoining which is the engine and boiler
house with a chimney-shaft 70 ft. high, 7 ft. wide at the base and 4
ft. at top. This part of the Building is fitted up with a horizontal
Engine and 2 Boilers by Manlove, Alliott and Co. of Nottingham of
sufficient power to drive the Machinery requisite for the various
processes of the Laundry; the Patent Machines used are made by Mr.
Bradford of London and Manchester. The boundary wall enclosing
the building and grounds is 7 ft. high. On the South side of the
laundry is a sorting-room 63 ft. in length by 18 feet in width for the
reception of articles as they arrive in the vans. The washing-room is
50 ft. square with large open louvres in the ceiling for the purpose of
ventilation and to allow the steam to escape. The drying-room is 70
ft. by 30 ft. A flue-pipe 70 ft. in length is placed horizontally
immediately along the floor in this department and about 1,200 ft. of
corded piping are utilized for the heating chamber. In the West block
are the folding and the mangling rooms, their dimensions being
respectively 40 ft. by 30 ft., and 52 ft. by 30 ft. In the North block is
the ironing room which is 55 ft. by 25 ft., next to which is the
packing room 40 ft. by 25.
Estimated cost of building and machinery about £12,000.
Matron, Mrs. Tobin. Number of employés 60.
Propert's (Blacking Factory) built 1878-9. Hunting Mark a fox's head.
Hunting preparations, established 1835, South Audley St.
B. Beddow and Son, Sole Proprietors.
A site past Propert's factory has been selected by the London and
Provincial Steam Laundry Co. Limited. Ernest Turner, Architect, 246,
Regent St. W. Mr. Austin, Secretary.
The London and Provincial Steam Laundry (Company Limited) is
elaborately fitted up with Machinery of the very best description—the
building is said to be the largest in the world and it occupies an acre
and a half of ground. Its working-staff is composed mostly of
females numbering 150 including 32 who reside upon the premises,
and there are 20 males. The Laundry is capable of turning out from
80,000 to 90,000 pieces weekly. The Architect was Mr. Ernest Turner
of Regent Street. Messrs. Bradford and Co. of Manchester and
London, supplied the machinery which was specially designed for
this Laundry. The works are entered at the west by double gates
which lead into a second court-yard where the vans can discharge
and receive their freight in all weathers. The main body of the
building is cut off from the resident portion by a second pair of
gates. The general Laundry is divided longitudinally into three
sections. The wash-house is fitted up with machinery adapted for
speed and economizing labour.
The washing machines which are of various sizes are known as
Bradford's "Vowel A." Then there is a range of boiling troughs, and
again the hydros in which the articles when washed and rinsed are
put and whirled round at the rate of 400 revolutions per minute "till
every drop of extractable moisture is driven off through the side
holes." The Ironing-room is in the central hall and occupies an area
of 80 by 70 ft. being 20 ft. high. For curtains, lace, etc., there is a
separate room. The boiler-house is provided with two 15-horse
power horizontal engines, driven by two 20-horse Cornish boilers.
There is a disinfecting chamber, and the severest penalties are
demanded, not only against any person sending infected articles, but
against any of the employés neglecting to give immediate notice of
any case of infectious disease, with which he or she shall be brought
into contact. Mr. J. T. Helby, Manager.
It is interesting to know how enormously property has increased in
value in Battersea, within the last one hundred years. The Battersea
Bridge Estate which contains about 4 acres, was sold by auction at
the Mart by Norton, Trist, Watney and Co., 62, Old Broad Street, on
Thursday, May 20, 1880, realizing £35,000. At Mid-summer 1791,
this property was let on three leases for 90 years, at ground rents
amounting together to £90 per annum.
The Workman's Institute erected two years ago has full complement
of 150 members. It has a kitchen, library, newspapers, games, etc.
One of the workmen has been thirty-eight years and a few others
thirty years in the service of the firm.
The man how wise, who, sick of gaudy scenes,
Is led by choice to take his fav'rite walk,
Beneath death's gloomy, silent, cypress shades,
Unpierc'd by vanity's fantastic ray!
To read his monuments, to weigh his dust;
Visit his vaults, and dwell among his tombs!
Young's Night Thoughts.
Situated on Battersea Rise at the commencement of Bolingbroke
Grove, Wandsworth Common, is St. Mary's Cemetery used as a place
of interment for the parishioners. It covers an area of 8 acres, and
cost £8,000, including the erection of mortuary, chapels, etc. The
ground thus purchased formed part of an estate that belonged to Mr.
Henry Willis. It was opened Nov. 1860. It is fringed on the north and
west sides with stately elms, and partially on the east boundary with
poplar trees.
Grassy hillocks, planted with flowers and evergreens, monumental
inscriptions and tombstones, together with the number of each
grave denote the spot where many a tributary tear of fond affection
has been died by the surviving relatives and friends of loved ones
who have departed this life, but whose mouldering dust lies sleeping
here. The congregation of the silent dead seems to make the place
sacred, and gives it a solemn air. Here lie the mortal remains of the
late Venerable John S. Jenkinson, M.A., for 24 years Vicar of
Battersea, he died 17th October, 1871, aged 74, much beloved and
greatly lamented. An appropriate text of Holy Scripture, I Thess. 4,
14, is engraved round the beautiful block of granite that covers his
grave. On the occasion of his decease the following lines were
composed by a parishioner, dated October 17th, 1871:—
Our Vicar has been called away,
From earthly ties has risen,
To take the place prepared for him;
Our Vicar rests in Heaven.
His journey ended, trials o'er;
Now all his sufferings cease,
He's gone to be with Him who said,
"In Me ye shall have peace."
He ever faithful to his charge,
The Saviour's love set forth
To sinners that they might be saved;
Was faithful unto death.
Full twenty years and more he trod,
God's house His flock to lead;
In sickness words of comfort gave,
In want assist their need.
May we his flock example take,
Before our sun go down;
That when our Saviour comes, we too
May win a heavenly crown.
A mourning or memento card headed "Falling Leaves" bears the
following lines written on the Funeral of the Rev. J. S. Jenkinson:—
'Twas Autumn—and a mournful train
Proceeds beneath the trees,
Our Vicar in the tomb was laid,
Amid the falling leaves.
Fit emblem of the hoary head,
And many such were there;
Methought they spoke in silent words
 For this event prepare.
The mighty shepherd of his sheep,
In seasons such as these,
Speaks gently, that each one may take
A lesson from the leaves.
A Parishioner.
October 21st, 1871.
Here is a superb monument of red polished granite in memory of
John Humphrey Esq., Alderman of London and late M.P. for the
borough of Southwark who died 28th September, 1863. Ætat. 69.
Here is a tombstone with epitaph in memory of Mary Davies, who
departed this life January 24th, 1872, aged 88 years. "For more than
sixty-two years she was connected with Battersea Chapel Sunday
School, where by her consistent Christian character and entire
devotedness to her work, she won the esteem of all. Being dead she
yet lives in the hearts of many teachers, scholars and friends, who
erect this stone in remembrance of a course of quiet usefulness
which they deem worthy of all honour.
"Not myself, but the truth that in life I have spoken,
Not myself, but the seed that in life I have sown
Shall pass on to ages—all about me forgotten
Save the truth I have spoken, the things I have done."
Here is a marble obelisk.—In memory of the Rev. James Milling, A.B.,
Curate of St. Mary's Battersea, who entered into rest the 11th of
January 1865 aged 27 years. His last words were "Not by works of
righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he
saved us by the washing of regeneration and renewing of the Holy
Ghost which he shed on us abundantly through Jesus Christ our
Saviour." Titus iii 5 and 6. This monument was erected by the
parishioners and children of the Parochial Schools.
On another tombstone is an inscription to the memory of Mr. John
Nichols, a devoted husband and estimable father, Baptist minister
and Editor of Zion's Trumpet, a magazine devoted to the interest of
the Aged Pilgrims' Friend Society and its Asylum; who fell asleep in
Jesus Feb. 1st, 1867, aged 67 years.
"His presence guide my journey through and crown my journey's
end."
In the faith of Christ here also rests the Rev. Philip Pennington M.A.
of Christ's College, Cambridge, sometime civil chaplain of the Island
of Mauritius. And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes, and
there shall be no more death neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall
there be any more pain for the former things are passed away.
Many are the pledges of conjugal endearment which help to tenant
these graves.
"Ah! those little ice-cold fingers,
How they point our memories back
To the hasty words and actions,
Strewn along our backward track!
How those little hands remind us,
As in snowy grace they lie,
Not to scatter thorns—but roses,
For our reaping by and by."
We perceive here that ruthless death with his scythe pays no regard
to infantile age, and that others in the vigour of their youthful prime
as well as the matured adult and hoary-headed have been suddenly
cut down by an awful surprise.
Here is a grave planted with flowers, the stone at the head of the
grave states that William Gobell was accidentally killed on the
London and Brighton Railway, March 4th, 1873, aged 65 years. Here
is another stone in affectionate remembrance of William James, late
Engine driver on the L.B. and S.C.R., who was killed while in the
execution of his duty on the 29th of July 1876, aged 38 years. This
stone has been erected by his fellow mates, as a token of respect to
his memory.
Another stone is erected in memory of Henry Blunden, who was
killed on the L. and S. W. Ry., on the 17th October, 1871, aged 22
years.
"All you that come my grave to see,
Oh think of death and remember me,
Just in my prime and folly skilled;
When on the Railway I was killed,
Take warning, hear, and do not weep,
But early learn thy grave to seek."
Sacred to the memory of Thomas Hutchinson Higerty, who departed
this life October 13th, 1869, aged 5 years and 2 months.
How very soon is age upon us,
Ere we know our way to earth,
But in heaven there's no sorrow,
There's nothing but joy and mirth.
How soon hath time closed around us,
First a child and then a man,
How soon he's turned to mouldering dust
Which from a few years back he sprang.
The head-stone states that the above lines were written by his
brother, aged twelve years.
I like that ancient Saxon phrase which calls
The burial ground God's acre! It is just:
It consecrates each grave within its walls,
And breathes a benison o'er the sleeping dust.
God's acre! yes, that blessed name imparts
Comfort to those who in the grave have sown
The seed that they had gathered in their hearts,
Their bread of life—alas! no more their own.
Into its furrows shall we all be cast,
In the sure faith that we shall rise again
At the great harvest, when the archangel's blast
Shall winnow, like a fan, the chaff and grain.
Then shall the good stand in immortal bloom,
In the fair gardens of that sacred birth;
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