NR STATIC SYNCHRONOUS

COMPENSATOR ( STATCOM )
Intelligent Solution for Stability Support & Quality Power

NR Electric Co., Ltd.

NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

Contents
Effective Way to Enhance Power Quality and Stabilize Power Grids 01
A New Generation Compensating System with Advanced Features 01
STATCOM Applications 03
Field-Proven H-Bridge Technology 05
STATCOM Protection & Control 07
STATCOM Technology Makes the Differences 08
Work with NR Electric Professional Experts 09
Case Study 10
Enhancing Power Quality for Aluminum Company 11
Robust Support for Renewable Energy to Access Grids 15
Mobile STATCOM Solution for Regulating Voltage in Utility 16
NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

Effective Way to Enhance Power Quality

and Stabilize Power Grids
Power quality is of great importance for the development of modern society. However, electrical power
grid is facing great challenges that lead to weaken the power quality. Such challenges include voltage
fluctuation and harmonics injection through unstable renewable energy penetration; large system collapse
and blackout caused by voltage instability; flicker and three phase unbalance resulted from industrial
loads, etc.

Voltage adjustment, power factor correction, power stability improvement, three phase current and voltage
unbalance mitigation can effectively compensates reactive power and improves power quality. NR
Electric’ s PCS-9583 STATCOM is the latest reactive power compensation solution based on a
voltage-source converter (VSC) and is a fully-controlled power electronics device. It is able to work as
either a source or sink of reactive AC power to an electricity network.

STATCOM also improves the efficiency of transmission systems, increasing the power transmission
capacity as well as reducing the risk of voltage collapses and blackouts. It is mostly used to enhance the
efficiency of long-distance power transfer, relieve transmission bottlenecks, and safely integrate
intermittent energy sources like wind and solar power into the grid. Operating mode Waveform Description

US

A New Generation Compensating System UI

US When UI=Us or IL=0,
No load
with Advanced Features
no compensation is
UI provided

UI=US
Shunt compensations system has experienced a development of three generations, which are shunt
capacitors, thyristor-based SVCs and VSC-based Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM). Although
SVC is more widely used and economical than STATCOM, STATCOM features more advantages and is Adjust UI>Us or current
replacing SVC as the main shunt compensation device. IL leads grid voltage
IL
The STATCOM/SVG functions as a voltage source. The magnitude of the voltage source can be adjusted in a Us, then STATCOM
Generate generates capacitive
very fast manner. By adjusting the magnitude of the voltage source the reactive power output from the US UL
reactive power reactive power, which
STATCOM can be changed.
UI can be adjusted
The following figure shows fundamental topological structure of STATCOM. UI>US continuously

UI US Adjust UI<Us or current

UI UL IL lags grid voltage,
then STATCOM
Absorb Us
absorbs capacitive
IL reactive power
IL reactive power, which
can be adjusted
UI<US continuously.
Statcom
Typical Structure of Statcom Statcom Basic Concept

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NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

The complete set of STATCOM system provided by NR has a good compensation effect and high quality. This Mining Hoists and Industrial
complete set of STATCOM system includes the following main equipment:
• Improve power factor
• Connection reactor • Forced Air/water cooling system • Reduce reactive power loss
• Start-up equipment • Control and protection system • Improves harmonic pollution through active power filtering
• Power valve tower • HMI system • Enhance line terminal voltage
• Switchgears • Step-down transformer (optional) • Improve power supply security
• Current and voltage transducers • Reduce voltage fluctuation and flickers

SVC STATCOM
Electrified Railway
Switching component Thyristor- half controllable IGBT- full controllable
• Active power factor control
Category Second generation Third generation
• Voltage regulation for weak grid
Response time fast faster • Eliminate negative sequence current or voltage

Losses small medium • Provide harmonic filtering

Footprint medium 1/3~2/3 of SVC at same rating

Flicker reduction good better

Table 1. Comparison between SVC and STATCOM

Wind Farm and Solar Energy
• Correct system power factor
• Reduce voltage fluctuation and flicker

STATCOM Applications • Filter harmonic current

• Balance three phase power

Power Transmission and Distribution • Enhance voltage stability

• Reactive power compensation • Improve low-voltage ride ability
• Stabilized system voltage
• Reduce transmission losses Steel Plant and Rolling Mill
• Increase line capacity with dynamic voltage support • Provide harmonic filtering
• Improve transient stability • Compensate unbalanced voltage
• Provide power oscillation damping • Reduce voltage fluctuation and flicker
• Limit reactive power impact
• Control power factor

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NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

a 4Vd
Vd C1 V an
Uc1 V an

Vd C2 Uc2 -4Vd

u c1
Vd C3 Uc3 u c2

u c3
Uc4
Vd C4 u c4 Vd
n

Field-Proven H-Bridge Technology Multi-level output of cascaded H-bridge Circuit

NR Electric’s PCS-9583 STATCOM adopts novel cascaded multi-level topology. This technology enables

• Compact structure • Low switching frequency

• Convenient maintenance • Built-in redundant cells in series
• Chain-link multi-level topology • Leading technology in DC voltage balancing Bus bar

• Perfect sinusoidal output • Well-proven drive and sub-control board 1QF

U
U U U

STATCOM sub-module STATCOM cascading branch

3U
+U
2U
Output voltage Output voltage
1U

0 0
-U
STATCOM
-2U
-U -3U Typical SLD of STATCOM engineering

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NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

STATCOM Protection & Control STATCOM Technology Makes the Differences

The control and protection system of STATCOM system consists of PCS-9583 PCP (Pole Control and
Protection), PCS-9589 VBC (Valve base Control) unit, SMC (Sub-module controller), interposing relay
Safe Electrical Shielding Prolongs Valve Lifecycle
set, network switch and other protection devices. PCP, VBC, interposing relay set, network switch NR Electric’ s Sub-module determines STATCOM electrical performance, volume size, effectively isolates
and other protection devices are normally installed in a cabinet, while SMC is installed inside of internal primary and secondary components to eliminate magnetic coupling.
power valve bank.
The partition-isolation design effectively avoids physical damage to the secondary circuit and normally
bypasses faults and ensures normal operation of the machine. Meanwhile, the partition-isolation design
achieves the overall plug-in secondary circuits, simplifying production process and improving the
maintainability of equipment.

Easy Maintainability with Detachable Capacitors

• Independent space for secondary control system
• Detachable capacitor design improves scalability and versatility and reduces cost
• Capacitor tray base frame design enhances the structural strength and simplifies the installation of
sub-module into the valve frame work.

Unique Heavily-Integrated Valve Control

NR Electric’ s multi-channel parallel bus technology enables integration of sub-module control, redundant
hot-swappable maintenance and supports a maximum of 224 sub modules, which can be applied to different
voltages and different capacities. This unique design requires fewer controller and fewer footprints with less
overall cost.

Protection and Control System

Hierarchical Comprehensive Protection & Control
PCS-9583 PCP are mainly responsible of receiving, calculation, and processing of sampling data, synchronous • Integrated three-level protection and control system of PCS-9583 STATCOM provides quick fault clearance
phase locking, the control of active power and reactive power; logic calculation, processing of binary inputs and and prolongs component lifecycle.
outputs, equipment management, communication with HMI, receiving summary information of valve bank
• The element-level protection has an operation time of less than ten microseconds and protects the system if
uploaded by VBC and sending control commands to VBC.
any overcurrent overvoltage or driving signal abnormalities occurred.
PCS-9589 VBC samples and gathers status information of each power valve bank and DC capacitor voltage,
• The device-level protection has an operation time ranging from 100 to 1000 microseconds and protects in
and uploads them to PCP via optical cable, at the same time receiving signals from PCP via optical cable, so
case of device overload, DC high voltage and other abnormal operating conditions.
as to realize distribution of active power and reactive power among power valve banks and balance of
capacitor voltage among links. • The system-level protection has an operation time ranging from 5 to 2000 ms and in case of system out of
power, system overvoltage, system overcurrent and cooling system failure.
SMC samples status information of each power valve bank and DC capacitor voltage, and uploads them to
VBC via optical cable, at the same time receiving relevant control commands and pulse triggering signals from • The control unit is used as the backup protection for protection unit, while the monitoring unit is used as the
VBC. back-up protection for control unit.
For the detailed information about control and protection system, please refer to the corresponding instruction
manuals.

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NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

Professional System Design & Analysis

NR Electric believes that each project has its own specific requirements. For tens of years, relying on groups of
experts, NR Electric is dedicated to offer customized and cost-effective solutions to every single project. We
work with utility and industrial customers to study the problems they are facing, tailoring a STATCOM system
that can truly improve power quality and bring investors benefits.

Our professional R&D group analyses each specific project. Based on analysis results, NR Electric offers
complete solutions to clients including valve installation locations, capacity and optimal control strategies.

Strict Project Management

NR Electric considers an effective project management can facilitate the successful implementation of a project,
avoiding potential risks and saving engineering budget. For these reasons, NR Electric has built a well-trained
project management team to manage and supervise each progress during project implementation. Our experienced
project managers work closely with clients and have gained high reputations for their hard works.

Certificate and Test

NR Electric is one of the International accredited certified and testing groups. The company has its own

Standardized Workstation Offers Easy Access certification and test labs for HVDC/EHVAC instruments test. NR Electric’ s STATCOM valve type test is also
approved according to IEC standard.
• The Operator Workstation (OWS) of PCS-9583 STATCOM system fully supports IEC60870-5-103, IEC61850
The advanced test facilities can assist to achieve the optimized results, such as installation capacity & location,
and other international standards. It offers interfaces to conventional substations, digital substations and power
system configuration & control strategies, finally resulting in better system performance, reasonable power
plants with voltage levels ranging from 35kV ~ 1000kV.
distribution and optimal harmonics filtering scheme.
• The OWS covers the entire substation monitoring based on 103/61850 standard, including STATCOM
operation monitoring, control, operation and alarm events.

• It offers flexible access to the third party OWS to provide the full range of text messages and increase the
flexibility of system monitoring function. Case Study
±200 MVar STATCOM for Secure and
Work with NR Electric Stable Grid Interconnection in South China

Professional Experts China Southern Power Grid, a state-owned enterprise plans to build a massive HVDC link of capacity ±500 kV,
3000 MW and connecting Yongren to Funing for China’ s Jinsha river hydropower corridor. However possible
severe voltage drops in AC line and large amount of reactive power consumption through HVDC transmission
Turnkey Service made the project more exposed to frequent communication failure and system instability.

To ensure the total performance, NR Electric offers turnkey service to solve clients’ exact To overcome the technical problem NR Electric will supply two sets of its state-of-art SVC module having
specifications. Our turnkey service covers consulting, design, supply, installation, commissioning, capacity of 35 kV/±100 MVar for the whole compensation project. It will be installed on the converter station
training and operation. locating in China’s Yongren

Each STATCOM can operate separately and is not influenced by operation conditions of other STATCOM. NR
Electric provides #1 and #2 STATCOM, and is responsible for coordination control of all three STATCOM.

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NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

Performance
This obtains quick response against system voltage fluctuations with wide range support for bus bar voltage.

STATCOM Response to Load Variation from -100MVar to 100MVar

150

100
Reactive Power Output (MVar)

50

-50

-100

5th order harmonic suppression strategy Before Installation After Installation

-150
140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220
Electrotek Concepts®
Time (ms)
TOP, The Output Processor®
Fundamental current /A 50.541 44.476

5th harmonic/A 21.136 1.62

Figure 4. Reactive Power Output in Transient State
Percentage/% 41.81 3.64

Table 3. Harmonic Supression Results

Enhancing Power Quality for Aluminum Company Parameter Name Value

System voltage (kV) 10

Heavy impedance and inertial load of Yongjie Aluminium Company caused a lot of harmonics and low power factor
problems. Nevertheless after installation of two sets of (1 X 12 MVA + 1 X 8 MVA) to their 10kV busbar I and II Rated power of (MVar) 12/8
respectively, it exclusively resolves the concerned technical problem and provides overall customer satisfaction.
Rated voltage of STATCOM (kV) 10

Voltage of STATCOM single link capacitor (V) 900

Harmonic Suppression Strategy
Switching frequency of a single link (Hz) 450
As one of the important strategy, the specially designed STATCOM effectively suppresses the 5th harmonics
up to 95 %. No. of links per phase 12

Table 2. System Parameters of Yongjie Aluminum Company

Power Factor Control
The #2 STATCOM operates as a constant power factor mode, to enhance the power factor of internal grid. It
provides about 3.4MVar of reactive power, to control the power factor of incoming bus segment-II at about 0.96.

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NR Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) www.nrec.com/en

±120 MVar STATCOM for GETCO Timbdi 220kV substation in India

STATCOM herein is installed to get voltage support during steady state, dynamic and transient system conditions by
continuous and rapid control of reactive power at 220KV Bus, in order to enhance the steady state, dynamic and
transient voltage stability and quality of power delivery, together with the control of temporary power frequency
over-voltages, the prevention of voltage collapse, and the enhancement in damping system oscillations. A set of
STATCOM rated at +/-120Mvar, connected to 220kV AC through coupling transformer, has been delivered by NR.

From From From From From Towards

KESHOD VISAVDARA VISAVDARA CHHARA CHHARA DHOKADVA
Line Line 2 Line 1 Line 1 Line 2 Line

92.52km
Zebra

Zebra

Zebra

Zebra

Zebra

Zebra
66km

63km
Al-59

Al-59

Al-59

Al-59
Timbdi 220KV

(a) Before

100MVA

100MVA

100MVA

100MVA

100MVA
132MVA

50MVA
220kV
STATCOM

25km
10km
Timbdi 66KV

Toward Toward Toward 7.2MVAr 14.4MVAr

CCGL S/S TALALA 66KV Capacitor Capacitor
Network Bank Bank
Timbdi 132KV

CB

(b) After
Figure 5. Bus coupler current wave before and after installation of STATCOM
Transformer

Series
Reactive power Rector

power factor Submodule

Major Parts of STATCOM

Figure 6. Reactive power output of #2 STATCOM

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STATCOM picture on site Mobile Statcom Site

Robust Support for Renewable Energy to Mobile STATCOM Solution for

Access Grids Regulating Voltage in Utility
STATCOM has been installed to boost transmission of wind power to access power grids in South Africa. The In the network of National grid due to large amount of inductive motor loads, there are several areas in the
Longyuan Mulilo De Aar Wind Power, located in Northern Cape Province of South Africa, was successfully put network where they are suffering voltage collapses. The reason for the voltage collapse is lack of reactive
into service, with installation capacity of 244.5MW. South Africa has been implementing a significant power MVAR support. During summer, any fault in the network causes a severe drop in voltage followed by
penetration of renewable generation recently. Renewable sources of energy will play a significant role in the delayed voltage recovery because the type of load is mostly motor load (window type air-conditions).
future of power. However, the intermittent nature of renewables can create many challenging problems
According to the information from National Grid, Summan Area is a remote area which is suffering from low
between the transmission system and wind plant.
voltage and voltage collapse.
For upcoming high penetration of renewable generation in the South African grid, the transmission system
There are several substations suffering low voltage, and then two mobile STATCOMs, each rated at
operator, ESKOM, has enforced well-defined steady state regulation and dynamic requirements that all wind
13.8kV/20Mvar, have be supplied by NR and successfully put into service. As a result of mobile STATCOM
and solar farms have to comply with prior to connecting to the transmission grid.
operating, the voltage at bus bar after fault clearing can recover to be not less than setting value, 0.95 p.u,
Four sets of independent STATCOM systems, one at each collector bus, are installed in container type, with specified by end-user.
14Mvar and 18Mvar, 21Mvar and 24Mvar, respectively in capacity at 33kV level.

These STATCOMs are utilized to overcome the challenges associated with wind farms and assist wind farms
in appearing more like conventional synchronous generation to the rest of the grid.

An independent active/reactive power control device (also called as AGC/AVC) is here equipped in one wind
farm to take an advantage of all of reactive resources to meet the wind farms overall reactive requirements.

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