STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE

FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS

CHEMISTRY 2 nd Year
OBJECTIVE
Note: You have four choices for each objective type question as A,B,C and D. The choice which your thing is
correct, fill that bubble in front of that question number, on bubble sheet. Use marker or pen to fill the
bubbles. Cutting or filling two or more bubbles will result in zero mark in that question. No credit will be
awarded in case BUBBLES are not filled. Do not solve question on this sheet of OBJECTIVE PAPER.
Q.No.1
(1) Expected electron affinity values for N are:
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
(2) Which of the following element form polymeric halides?
(A) B (B) Ge (C) Al (D) All of theses
(3) The compound which forms colored bead in Borax Bead Test is:
(A) Metal oxide (B) Metal boride (C) Metal borate (D) Metal meta borate
(4) Which metal is used in thermite process due to its activity?
(A) Al (B) Cu (C) Fe (D) Zn
(5) At 18oC the specific gravity of H2SO4 is:
(A) 2.101 (B) 1.740 (C) 1.891 (D) 1.834
(6) Oxidation of NO in air produces:
(A) N2O4 (B) N2O5 (C) N2O (D) NO2
(7) The anhydride of HClO4 is;
(A) ClO3 (B) ClO2 (C) Cl2O5 (D) Cl2O7
(8) Gas used as a coolant medium for nuclear reactor is:
(A) H2 (B) He (C) Cl2 (D) Kr
(9) Coordination number of transition element in [PtCl(NO2)(NH3)4] is: 2+

(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 10

(10) Which of the following is a typical transition metal?
(A) Sc (B) Y (C) Ra (D) Co
(11) 1-chloropropane and 2-chloropropane are -------- isomers of each other:
(A) Geometric (B) Chain (C) Position (D) Metamers
(12) Natural starch consists of how much percentage of amylose?
(A) 50%-60% (B) 80-90% (C) 10-20% (D) 40%-50%
(13) Which of the following is an example of co-polymer?
(A) Polystyrene (B) Polyvinyl acetate (C) Polyamide (D) Polyvinyl chloride
(14) Which non-woody raw material is used for making pulp and paper:
(A) Wheat straw (B) Poplar (C) Eucalyptus (D) Fir
(15) Ammonium nitrate is not used for:
(A) Rice (B) Corn (C) Cotton (D) Wheat
(16) The residence time of NO in air is:
(A) 30 days (B) 24 days (C) Four days (D) Three days
(17) The main pollutant of leather tanneries in the waste water is due to the salt of:
(A) Cu (B) Cr-III (C) Pb (D) Cr-VI
(18) The electron affinity of noble gas elements is:
(a) Low (b) High
(c) Nearly zero (d) Very high
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
(19) Mark the correct statement:
(a) Na + is smaller than Na atom (b) Na + is larger than Na atom
(c) Cl - is smaller than Cl atom (d) Cl - ion & Cl atom are equal in size
(20) The oxides of electropositive elements are:
(a) Acidic (b) Basic
(c) Neutral (d) Amphoteric
(21) The anhydride of HClO 4 is:
(a) ClO 3 (b) ClO 2
(c) Cl 2 O 5 (d) Cl 2 O 7
(22) Which of the following hydrogen halide is the weakest acid in solution:
(a) HBr (b) HF
(c) HI (d) HCl
(23) Bleaching powder is an example of:
(a) Normal salt (b) Complex salt
(c) Mixed salt (d) None of these
(24) Which halogen shows positive oxidation state on combination with oxygen:
(a) Iodine (b) Chlorine
(c) Bromine (d) All of these
(25) Which of the following is strongest aqueous acid?
(a) HNO 3 (b) HI
(c) H 2 SO 4 (d) HClO 4
(26) Bauxite is chief ore of:
(a) Al (b) B
(c) Si (d) C
(27) Which element is used in the thermite process because of its activity:
(a) Al (b) Fe
(c) Cu (d) Zn
(28) Oxidation of NO in air produces:
(a) N 2 O (b) N 2 O 3
(c) N 2 O 4 (d) N 2 O 5
(29) The elements of VA group show maximum oxidation state of:
(a) -5 (b) -3
(c) +3 (d) +5
(30) Boric acid cannot be used:
(a) As antiseptic in medicines (b) For washing eyes
(c) In soda bottles (d) For enamels and glazes
(31) Sulphuric acid can act as:
(a) Oxidizing agent (b) Reducing agent
(c) Both a and b (d) None of these
(32) The normal amount of overhead ozone is:
(a) 300DU (b) 350DU
(c) 400DU (d) 450DU
(33) The pH range of acid rain is:
(a) 6.5 to 7 (b) 6.5 to 6
(c) 5.6 to 6 (d) 5 to 4
(34) The temperature in the non- rotating chamber in the incineration of industrial and hazardous
waste process has a range:
(a) 900 to 1000oC (b) 250 to 500oC
o
(c) 950 to 1300 C (d) 500 to 900oC
(35) The boiling point range of petroleum ether is:
(a) 5-20oC (b) 10-30oC
o
(c) 20-60 C (d) 30-90oC
(36) Which of the following does not have sp2 hybridized carbon?
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
(a) Acetone (b) Acetonitrile
(c) acetamide (d) acetic acid
(37) Which of the following is a non-typical transition element?
(a) Cr (b) Mn
(c) Zn (d) Fe
(38) The strength of binding energy of transition elements depends upon:
(a) Number of electron pairs (b) Number of un-paired electrons
(c) Number of neutrons (d) Number protons
(39) Following property of transition elements does not vary with a regular pattern:
(a) Binding energy (b) Melting point
(c) Covalent radius (d) Cationic radius
(40) Which of the following class of organic compounds only shows nucleus isomerism:
(a) Alkane (b) Alkanes
(c) Alkines (d) Alcohol
(41) Enzyme used for the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice is:
(a) LDH-1 (b) L-Asperginase
(c) Lipase (d) Alkaline phosphatase
(42) The polymer(s) formed as a result of condensation polymerization?
(a) Polyethylene (b) Polyester
(c) Polyvinyl acetate (d) All
(43) These fertilizers are especially useful for tobacco, coffee, and corn.
(a) Potassium (b) Phosphorus
(c) Nitrogen (d) Urea
(44) Micronutrients are required in quantity ranging from:
(a) 4-40 g (b) 6-200 g
(c) 6-200 kg (d) 10-100 kg
(45) Which of the following is an alicyclic compound:
(a) Meta formaldehyde (b) Cyclopentene
(c) Isobutylene (d) All of these
(46) Which one of the following does not belong to alkaline earth metals:
(a) Be (b) Ra
(c) Ba (d) Rn
(47) Oxide used in mountaineer’s breathing equipments is:
(a) Na2O (b) K2O
(c) Na2O3 (d) KO2
(48) Which of the following is most basic:
(a) Al2O3 (b) MgO
(c) SiO2 (d) P2O2
(49) Dead burnt gypsum is:
(a) CaSO4.2H2O (b) CaSO4
(c) MgSO4.7H2O (d) (CaSO4)2.H2O
(50) Dolomite is a carbonate of:
(a) Be (b) Mg
(c) Na (d) K
(51) The catalytic oxidation of methene produces:
(a) CO + H2O (b) CO2 + H2O
(c) CH3 – OH (d) CH3 – CO – CH3
(52) When 1 – chloropropene is reacted with alcoholic KOH, the product obtained is:
(a) Propene (b) Propane
(c) Propyne (d) Butane
(53) In the reaction between chlorine and methane in UV light, the propagation step is:
(a) CH 4 + Cl • → CH 3• + HCl • •
(b) C H 3 + Cl → CH 3Cl
• •
(c) Cl2 → Cl • + Cl • (d) CH 3Cl + Cl → CH 3 + Cl2
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
(54) Addition of hydrogen accompanied by a bond cleavage is called:
(a) Hydrogen (b) Hydrolysis
(c) Hydrogenolysis (d) Hydroxylation
(55) Which of the following compounds will not give iodoform test on treatment with I2 / NaOH:
(a) Acetaldehyde (b) Acetone
(c) Butanone (d) 3-pentanone
(56) Aldehydes and ketones can be detected by:
(a) 2,4 – DNPH test (b) Tollen’s test
(c) Sodium nitroprusside test (d) Benedict solution test
(57) Aceton reacts with HCN to form cyanohydrin. It is an example of:
(a) Electrophilic addition (b) Electrophilic substitution
(c) Nucleophilic addition (d) Nucleophilic substitution
(58) Which of the following reagent is used to purifying carbonyl and non-carbonyl compounds?
(a) HCN (b) NaHSO3
(c) CH3MgBr (d) I2/NaOH
(59) Aldol product on heating undergoes:
(a) Decomposition (b) Dehydration
(c) Rearrangement (d) Condenstion
(60) Which of the following ion has maximum heat of hydration?

(A) Mg 2+ (B) Al 3+ (C) N 3− (D) Na
(61) No. of non-metals in S-block of periodic table:
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) None of these
(62) A halogen causes burn to skin that heals slowly:
(A) F2 (B) Br2 (C) Cl2 (D) I 2
(63) A compound with molecular formula C6 H14 has number of isomers:
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
(64) Hybridization is a phenomenon:
(A) Endothermic (B) Exothermic (C) Non-spontaneous (D) All of these
(65) 2-chloropentane upon treatment with alcoholic KOH gives:
(A) 1-pentene (B) 2-pentene (C) 1-pentanol (D) None of these
(66) Which of the following is Lindlar’s catalyst:
(A) Pb / BaSO 4 (B) Pd / BaSO 4 (C) Pt / PbSO 4 (D) BaSO4 / Cu
(67) An alkyne gives ppt. upon treatment with Tollen’s Reagent:
(A) Acetylene (B) Propyne (C) Vinyl Acetylene (D) All of these
(68) Which of the following is a meta directing group:
(A) −OCH3 (B) −COR (C) − NR2 (D) All of these
(69) Select primary alkyl halide among all:
(A) Isobutyl chloride (B) Neopentyl chloride (C) n-propyl chloride (D) All of these
(70) For which mechanism first step involved is same:
(A) E1 & E2 (B) E2 & SN2 (C) SN1 & E2 (D) E1 & SN1
(71) According to Lewis concept ethers behave as:
(A) Acid (B) Base (C) Acid as well as base (D) None of them
(72) Maximum percentage of a compound in formalin:
(A) Methanol (B) Methanal (C) Water (D) Ethanol
(73) Ketones are prepared by oxidation of:
(A) Primary alcohol (B) Secondary alcohol (C) Ethyne (D) Tertiary alcohol
(74) Fertilizer used in liquid state:
(A) NH3 (B) Urea (C) NH4 NO3 (D) None of these
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
(75) Boiling points of noble gases -------- group:
(A) Increase (B) Decrease (C) Remains Constant (D) 1st Increase then decrease
(76) Class of compound exhibit geometric isomerism:
(A) Alkynes (B) Alkenes (C) Alkanes (D) Alcohols
(77) Hydrogen can be placed at top of …….. group in periodic table:
(A) IA (B) IVA (C) VII A (D) All
(78) Only oxide of IIA group element which can react with alkali metals hydroxide is:
(A) Ba (B) B (C) Bi (D) Be
(79) Triplumbic tetraoxide is also known as:
(A) Minimum (B) Red lead (C) Sindhur (D) All
(80) Elements of which of the following group also known as chalcogens:
(A) VA (B) VIA (C) VIIA (D) VIB
(81) Increasing order of oxidizing power of halogens is:
(A) F2  Br2  Cl2  I 2 (B) F2  Cl2  Br2  I 2 (C) I 2  Br2  Cl2  F2 (D) None of these
(82) Co-ordination number of pt in  pt Cl ( NO2 )( NH 3 ) 4  SO4 is:
(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 6 (D) +3
(83) Functional group containing Sp2 – hybridized carbon is:
(A) Ester (B) Ether (C) Imino (D) Both a and c
(84) Solvent used for dehalogenation of vicinal dihalides in presence of Zn is:
(A) Methanol (B) Acetic acid (C) Water (D) Both a and b
(85) Which of the following is deactivating but ortho para directing group:
(A) − NO2 (B) −Cl (C) −COOH (D) All
(86) Methyl magnesium iodide upon treatment with Ketones followed by acid hydrolysis gives:
(A) An aldehyde (B) A primary alcohol (C) A tertiary alcohol (D) A secondary alcohol
(87) Which enzyme is not involved during fermentation of molasses:
(a) Urease (b) Diastase (c) Zymase (D) Both a and b
(88) Select mild oxidizing agent:
(A) KMnO4 / H2SO4 (B) Dil. HNO3 (C) K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4 (D) None of these
(89) Esterification of carboxylic acid is -------- reaction:
(A) nucleophilic addition (B) Electrophilic addition (C) Nucleophilic (D) Electrophilic
substitution substitution
(90) Which of the follow set of synthetic and biopolymers have same linkage:
(A) Epoxy resins and (B) Polyester and lipids (C) Nylon – 6, 6 and (D) All of these
carbohydrates proteins
(91) At final stage of its manufacturing paper contains moisture:
(A) 6 – 8% (B) 60 – 80% (C) 16 – 18% (D) 0%
(92) Most abundant element on earth’s crust is:
(A) Oxygen (B) Nitrogen (C) Silicon (D) Aluminum
(93) Which of the following is not a pollutant:
(A) CO (B) SO2 (C) NO2 (D) CO2
(94) Isomerism in alkenes is due to:
(A) Oscillation of H-atoms (B) Optical rotation due (C) Free rotation about C= C (D) Restricted rotation
between two polyvalent to multiple bond bond about C = C bond
carbon atoms
(95) Liner shape is associated with which set of hybrid orbitals:
(A) Sp (B) Sp2 (C) Sp3 (D) dsp2
(96) Metamerism is shown by:
(A) Ethers (B) Alcohols (C) Alkanes (D) Aldehydes
(97) Benzene cannot undergo reactions:
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
(A) Substitution (B) Addition (C) Oxidation (D) Elimination
(98) The conversion of n-hexane into benzene by heating it in presence of Pt is called:
(A) Isomerization (B) Aromatization (C) Decarboxylation (D) Rearrangement
(99) The electrophile in aromatic sulphonation is:
(A) H2SO4 (B) HSO (C) SO3 (D) SO3+
(100) The general formula of homologous series of both aldehydes and ketones is:
(A) CnH2nO (B) CnH2nO2 (C) CnHnO2 (D) CnH2O
(101) Which of the following reagents will react with both aldehydes and ketones:
(A) Grignard reagent (B) Tollens’s reagent (C) Fehling reagent (D) Benedict’s reagent
(102) Cannizzaro’s reaction is not given by:
(A) Trimethyl acetaldehyde (B) Acetaldehyde (C) Benzaldehyde (D) Formaldehyde
(103) Which compound has maximum hydrogen bonding with water?
(A) CH3OH (B) C2H5OH (C) CH3-O-CH3 (D) C6H5OH
(104) Monohydric alcohols can be identified by the test:
(A) Bromine water (B) Chlorine water (C) Lucas test (D) Baeyer’s test
(105) The common name of C6H5OH is:
(A) Organic base (B) Hydroxybenzene (C) Carbolic acid (D) Carbonic acid
(106) Ozonolysis of ethene causes the breaking of C – C bond, the product is:
(A) Formaldehyde (B) Acetaldehyde (C) ethylene glycol (D) ethylene chlorohydrin
(107) Raney Nickel is:
(A) nickel compound (B) naturally occurring (C) porous form of a nickel (D) activated nickel by
nickel charcoal
(108) Lindlar’s catalyst is:
(A) Ba/PbSO4 / Quinoline (B) Pd/PbSO4/Quinoline (C) Pd/BaSO4 / Quinoline (D) Pd/BeSO4 / Quinoline
(109) The rate of E1 reaction depends upon:
(A) The concentration of (B) The concentration (C) the concentration of (D) None of the above
substrate of nucleophile substrate as well as
nucleophile
(110) Wurtz synthesis reaction is used to prepare --------from alkyl halide:
(A) Symmetrical alkanes (B) Non-symmetrical (C) Both of these (D) None of these
alkane

SUBJECTIVE
Metallic character increases down the group. Why?
i. What are amphoteric oxides? Give an example.
ii. How do you justify the position of hydrogen at the top of group VII-A?
iii. What is chemical garden?
iv. Write four uses of borax?
v. Why nitric acid is frequently transported in Aluminum containers?
vi. What is Aqua Regia? How does it dissolve noble metals?
vii. How does P2O5 react with water in cold and hot state?
viii. Give the properties of white phosphorus?
ix. What happens when I2O5 reacts with CO?
x. How is Radon formed from Radium? Give equation.
xi. Why HF is weaker acid than HCl?
xii. Define substitution alloys with an example?
xiii. What is coordination sphere? Give an example.
xiv. KMnO4 acts as an oxidizing agent, show with two examples.
xv. How quality of fuel can be improved?
xvi. Why there is no free rotation around a double bond and a free rotation around a single bond?
xvii. What is the significance of Wohler’s work?
xviii. Define saponification number? Give an example.
xix. Draw the structural formula of:
a) Epichlorohydrin , b) Diphenylol propane
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
11. How DNA and RNA differ from each other?
12. Mention the industrial importance of proteins.
13. Write down the essential qualities of a good fertilizer?
14. Name the calcareous and argillaceous raw materials of cement?
15. What is lignin? Give its disadvantages.
16. What is chemical oxygen demand (COD)? How is it measured?
17. What is smog? Write three conditions for its formation.
18. What is the role of CFCs in destroying ozone?
19. Lanthanide contraction controls the atomic size of elements of 6 th and 7 th periods.
Justify it .
20. What is available chlorine?
21. Give the variation in melting and boiling points along short periods.
22. What is aqua regia? Write its significance.
23. What is effect of heat on NO 2 ?
24. How sulphuric acid behaves as oxidizing agent?
25. What is fuming nitric acid?
26. What are factors affecting oxidizing properties of halogens?
27. Al behaves amphoteric by nature. Justify it.
28. Write uses of boric acid?
29. How borax converted into boric acid and vice versa?
30. Describe “ring test” for the confirmation of nitrate ions in the solution.
31. How aluminum used in flash light photography?
32. Why metallic character increases from top to bottom in a group of metals?
33. How XeF 6 reacts with H 2 O and SiO 2 ?
34. Differentiate between amylose and amylopectin starch?
35. Classify the polymers on the basis of thermal properties?
36. What do you mean by rancidity of fats and oils?
37. Write down the woody raw materials for paper industry?
38. Write essential qualities of good fertilizer.
39. What are leachates and what they contain?
40. Define solid waste management?
41. NOx is a pollutant. Comment.
42. What is setting of cement?
43. Write down the formulas of:
(a). Tetra amine chloro nitro-platinum sulphate (b). Potassium hexacyano ferrate
44. Give reason for the development of colors in the transition’s complexes?
45. What is sacrificial corrosion?
46. How octane numbers of Gasoline can be improved by reforming?
47. Differentiate between alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons?
48. What is tautomerism? Give example.
49. Justify that BeO is an amphoteric oxide?
50. Why lime is added to acidic soil?
51. Why aqueous solution of Na2CO3 is basic in nature?
52. The reaction of sodium with water catches fire. Give reason.
53. What are the advantages of down’s cell?
54. Wha tis Markownikov’s rule? Give example.
55. What is Raney nickel and where is it used?
56. How can ethyne be prepared commercially from calcium carbide?
57. Mention four used of ethene.
58. What is partial hydrogenation of alkynes?
59. What is Tollen’s reagent and Tollen’s test?
60. How acetals are formed?
61. Convert ethene into ethanal.
62. Give general mechanism of acid catalyzed addition reaction of aldehydes.
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
63. What is formalin? How is it prepared on commercial scale?
64. State Mendeleev’s and modern periodic law.
65. Why d-block and f-block elements are called transition elements?
66. Why alkali metals give ionic hydrides?
67. Give chemical formula for dolomite and borax.
68. How alkali metals react with oxygen?
69. Which is best method for preparation of alkyl halides?
70. Define nucleophile give two examples.
71. How Grignard reagent react with dry ice (CO2).
72. Give composition of Portland cement.
73. Discuss bleaching unit for manufacturing of paper.
74. Name following oxy acids of halogens (i). HClO4 (ii). HIO3
75. What is available chlorine in bleaching powder?
76. Give commercial uses of noble gases (any four).
77. How XeO4 is prepared?
78. What is vital force theory? Who and how was this theory rejected?
79. How wood is converted into coal? Give names and conditions under which different varieties of
coal are formed?
80. What is isomerism? Explain metamerism with example.
81. Give IUPAC names of following hydrocarbons. (i). CH3 − CH = CH − C  CH (ii).
(CH3 )3 CH
82. What is soda lime? Give its importance.
83. Convert ethyne into geminal dibromide.
84. Give possible isomers of xylene along with names.
85. Prove that benzene is saturated hydrocarbon by two reactions.
86. Give mechanism for sulphonation of benzene.
87. Draw structure of glycerol and tartaric acid.
88. Why phenol shows acid nature?
89. How will you distinguish a primary alcohol from a secondary alcohol?
90. How ethers are prepared by Williamson’s reaction?
91. How will you distinguish 3-pentanone from 2-pentanone?
92. Why electron affinity of fluorine is less than chlorine?
93. Oxidation states remains same in group but vary in periods. Justify.
94. Give chemical formula for following minerals: (i). Epsom Salt (ii). Halite
95. How alkali metals react with water?
96. Give names along with %age of Carbon in commercial forms of iron.
97. What is ligand. Give two examples.
98. Discuss effect of bond strength on reactivity of alkyl halide.
99. What is Wurtz synthesis? Give its significance.
100. Draw cyclic structures of glucose.
101. Define saponification number and iodine number.
102. What is denaturation of proteins?
103. Why 2% gypsum is added to cement?
104. What is aqua regia? Give its importance.
105. Prove that P2O5 is a powerful dehydrating agent.
106. What is iodized salt.
107. Why H2O is more viscous than HF?
108. Why rates of organic reactions are slow?
109. Discuss catalytic cracking with its importance.
110. Draw possible chain isomers of C5H12. Also give their common names.
111. What is Markovnikov’s addition?
112. Convert acetylene in synthetic rubber.
113. Differentiate between primary and secondary pollutants.
114. Define and explain terms BOD and DO.
115. Prove that ozone is blessing as well as curse.
116. What is chemical garden?
117. Why silicones oil is preferred over ordinary lubes?
118. Write a note on white lead (basic lead).
119. Give two laboratory methods for preparation of benzene.
120. How will you distinguish methanol and ethanol by alkaline aqueous iodine?
121. What is wood spirit? How it is prepared by water gas?
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
122. Write mechanism for Cannizzaro’s reactions.
123. Draw structure of proline and histidine.
124. Write mechanism for formation of acetamide from acetic acid.
125. What is meant by functional group? Give one example.
126. Differentiate between homocyclic and heterocyclic organic compounds?
127. 1-butene does not show geometrical isomerism but 2-butene does. Give reason.
128. What is tautomerism? Give one example.
129. Define Markovnikov’s Rule. Give an example.
130. What is catalytic oxidation of methane?
131. Write reaction on addition of water to ethyne?
132. Convert ethyne into oxalic acid.
133. What is partial reduction of alkyne?
134. Wha is carbonization of coal?
135. Why atoms undergo atomic orbital hybridization?
136. Write uses of ethene.
137. How chlorobenzene converted into ethyl benzene by Wurtz-Fittig reaction?
138. Define resonance and resonance energy.
139. Convert toluene into benzoic acid in presence of acidified KMnO 4 or K2 Cr 2 O 7 .
140. Why S N 2 reaction show 100% inversion in configuration of product.
141. Convert ethyl bromide into propanoic acid.
142. Define β-elimination with example.
143. Absolute alcohol cannot prepare by fermentation. Give reason
144. Ethanol gives different products with cons. H 2 SO 4 under different conditions. Justify.
145. What is Wurtz’s synthesis?
146. Why Grignard reagent is very reactive?
147. What is catalytic oxidation of benzene?
148. Write objections raised to Kekule’s structures of benzene.
149. Write two methods of preparation of phenol.
150. Write reaction of phenol with dil. and cons. HNO3.
151. How acetaldehyde distinguish from formaldehyde?
152. What is formalin? Write its significance.
153. What is Tollens’s reagent test? Write its use.
154. Write reaction on industrial preparation of ethanal.
155. What is Zwitter’s ion?
156. Write acetamide formation from acetic acid.
157. What is polypeptide linkage with example.

LONG QUESTION
1. What is hydration energy? Give its trend in periodic table.
2. How cyclic organic compounds are classified?
3. Explain peculiar behavior of Fluorine?
4. State Mendeleev’s periodic law? What are the improvements made in Mendeleev’s periodic table?
5. Explain cracking of petroleum in detail.
6. Discuss different parts of paper making machine.
7. How is urea manufactured in Pakistan. Explain in detail
8. Write brief note on Disproportionation reactions of chlorine?
9. What are the improvements made in Mendeleev’s periodic table?
10. Explain the peculiar behavior of fluorine?
11. What are hydrides? Differentiae between ionic and covalent hydrides.
12. What are disproportionation reactions? Explain with examples.
 STARS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & COMMERCE
FOR GIRLS MULTAN CAMPUS
13. Explain geometric isomerism in detail?
14. Discuss following section of paper manufacturing by NSSC method:
15. Discuss the wet chemical process for the manufacturing of cement?
16. Write a note on SP2 hybridization
17. Discuss the reaction of carbonyl compounds with sodium borohydride alongwith mechanism.
18. Explain the free radical mechanism for the halogenation of alkanes.
19. Convert the following: (a) Propyne into acetone (b) Ethyne into oxalic acid
20. Explain the role of lime in industries
21. What are oxides? Explain basic oxides with their trend in periodic table?
22. How caustic soda is manufactured by diaphragm cell?
23. How bleaching powder is manufactured by modern method? (Beckmann’s method)
24. What is setting of cement? Explain its chemistry.
25. Give characteristics of organic compounds.
26. Write a note on elimination unimolecular mechanism.
27. How ethene reacts with: (i) O2 (ii) KMnO4 (iii) HBr (iv) Br2
28. How acetaldehyde reacts with: (i) HCN (ii) NaHSO 3 (iii) C 2 H 5 OH (iv)
NaOH/I 2
29. Discuss stability of benzene by atomic orbital treatment.
30. How ethanol is prepared by fermentation.
31. How will you justify the position of hydrogen in group IV A and VIIA of periodic table.
32. What is peculiar behaviour of Be.
33. What is disproportionation reaction. How chlorine reacts with hot and cold NaOH?
34. Write qualities of a good fertilizer.
35. Write a note on geometrical isomerism.
36. Differentiate between E1 & E2 mechanism.
37. Why alkynes show acidic nature? Explain their chemistry regarding acidic nature.
38. What are condensation reactions? Explain aldol condensation.
39. Discuss Friedel – crafts acylation along with its mechanism.
40. How will prepare following compounds starting from phenol
. (i). Bakelite (ii) . Picric acid (iii). Benzene (iv). Phenylacetate
41. Discuss Sp 2 hybridization with structure of C 2 H 4 .
42. Write note on: S N 1 reaction in alkyl halides.
43. Why alkynes show acidic nature? Explain with suitable reactions.
44. Discuss aldol condensation reaction with mechanism.
45. Give atomic orbital treatment of benzene.
46. Write preparation of ethanol from (i). molasses (ii). Starch
47. Write note on halogenation of methane with mechanism.
48. What is Cannizzaro’s reaction write its mechanism.
49. Define cracking of petroleum and discuss its types.
50. Discus stability of benzene with respect to heat of hydrogenation.