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4: Morphological identification on the 5 selected Chinese herbal
medicines from TSD preparation
No.1: Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui-Zhi)
Description: According to the description of Hong Kong Chinese Material Medica
Standards (HKCMMS) [1], Cinnamomi Ramulus is long, mostly branched and
cylindrical, 20.8–55.8 cm long, thick end 2–18 mm in diameter; externally reddish-
brown to brown, with longitudinal ridges, fine wrinkles, dotted lenticels, pimple-like
leaf scars, branch scars and bud scars. Its texture is hard and fragile, easily broken;
slices 1–3 mm thick, bark of cut surface reddish-brown, wood yellowish-white to pale
yellowish-brown; pith subsquare (Sup.4-Fig.1A and Sup.4-Fig.1B). Compared with
the standard, the samples used in current study were identified as the dry root of
Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Lauraceae) (Sup.4-Fig.1C).
Sup.4-Fig.1 Photographs of Cinnamomi Ramulus. (A-B) Photo of Cinnamomi
Ramulus from reference [1]; (C) Photo taken from the Cinnamomi Ramulus samples
1
No.2: Typhae Polien (Pu-Huang)
Description: According to Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China [2],
Typhae Polien powder is yellow, of light texture, capable of floating on water, with
satiny when twisted and easily adsorbed on fingers (Sup.4-Fig.2A). Compared with
the standard, the samples used in current study were identified as the dry pollen of the
hydrophily herbaceous plant Typha angustifolia, T. orientalis Presl or sibling plant of
family Bulrush (Sup.4-Fig.2B).
Sup.4-Fig.2 Photographs of Typhae Polien. (A) Photo of Typhae Polien from
reference [3]; (B) Photo taken from the Typhae Polien samples
No.3: Curcumae Longae Rhizoma (Jiang-Huang)
Description: According to HKCMMS [4], Curcumae Longae Rhizoma is irregularly
ovoid, cylindrical or fusiform, curved, sometimes slightly branched into a Y-shape,
1.1–10.3 cm long, 5–30 mm in diameter; externally dark yellow to yellowish-brown,
rough, with wrinkled striations, distinct cyclic nodes, and rounded scars of root
branches and rootlets (Sup.4-Fig.3A). Compared with the standard, the samples used
in current study were identified as the dry root of Curcuma longa L. (Sup.4-Fig.3B).
2
Sup.4-Fig.3 Photographs of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma. (A) Photo of Curcumae
Longae Rhizoma from reference [4]; (B) Photo taken from the Curcumae Longae
Rhizoma samples
No.4: Draconis Sanguis (Xue-Jie)
Description: According to HKCMMS [5], Draconis Sanguis is subglobular to
cuboidal, 60–80 mm in diameter, 7–8 cm high; externally dark red, lustrous, attached
with friction-caused red powder; texture hard and fragile, broken surface red, ground
powder brick red (Sup.4-Fig.4A and Sup.4-Fig.4B). Compared with the standard, the
sample used in current study was identified as the resin from the fruit of
Daemonorops draco Bl. (Arecaceae) (Sup.4-Fig.4C).
Sup.4-Fig.4 Photographs of Draconis Sanguis. (A–B) Photo of Draconis Sanguis
3
from reference [5]; (C) Photo taken from the Draconis Sanguis samples
No.5: Corydalis Rhizoma (Yan-Hu-Suo)
Description: According to HKCMMS [4], Corydalis Rhizoma is irregularly flattened
spherical, 5–27 mm in diameter; externally yellow to yellowish-brown, with irregular
reticulate wrinkles. Its top end with slightly sunken stem scars, base usually with
warty protuberances, or a slight dent like a navel. Texture is hard and fragile,
fractured surface yellow to yellowish-brown, cuticular with waxy luster (Sup.4-
Fig.5A). Compared with the standard, the sample used in current study was identified as
the resin from the dried tuber of Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang (Sup.4-Fig.5B).
Sup.4-Fig.5 Photographs of Corydalis Rhizoma. (A) Photo of Corydalis Rhizoma
from reference [4]; (B) Photo taken from the Corydalis Rhizoma samples
4
References
1. The Hong Kong Chinese Materia Medica Standards. Hong Kong. Volume 5.:
http://www.cmd.gov.hk/hkcmms/vol5/main.html
2. Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. (2010) Pharmacopoeia of the People's
Republic of China. China Medical Science Press. Volume 1.
3. Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. (1995) A coloured atlas of the Chinese
materia medica specified in pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China.
Joint Publishing (Hong Kong) Company Ltd.
4. The Hong Kong Chinese Materia Medica Standards. Hong Kong. Volume 4.:
http://www.cmd.gov.hk/hkcmms/vol4/main.html
5. The Hong Kong Chinese Materia Medica Standards. Hong Kong. Volume 6.:
http://www.cmd.gov.hk/hkcmms/vol6/main.html
