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SEM – VI
CC-14: Ring Theory and Linear Algebra II
C14T: Ring Theory and Linear Algebra Il
Unit 1
Polynomial rings over commutative rings, division algorithm and consequences, principal
ideal domains, factorization of polynomials, reducibility tests, irreducibility tests, Eisenstein
criterion, and unique factorization in Z [x]. Divisibility in integral domains, irreducible,
primes, unique factorization domains, Euclidean domains.
Unit 2
Dual spaces, dual basis, double dual, transpose of a linear transformation and its matrix in
the dual basis, annihilators. Eigen spaces of a linear operator, diagonalizability, invariant
subspaces and Cayley-Hamilton theorem, the minimal polynomial for a linear operator,
canonical forms.
Unit 3
Inner product spaces and norms, Gram-Schmidt orthogonalisation process, orthogonal
complements, Bessel’s inequality, the adjoint of a linear operator. Least squares
approximation, minimal solutions to systems of linear equations. Normal and self-adjoint
operators. Orthogonal projections and Spectral theorem.
CC-13: Metric Spaces and Complex Analysis
C13T: Metric Spaces and Complex Analysis
Unit 1
Metric spaces: sequences in metric spaces, Cauchy sequences. Complete metric spaces,
Cantor’s theorem.
Unit 2
Continuous mappings, sequential criterion and other characterizations of continuity.
Uniform continuity. Connectedness, connected subsets of R. Compactness: Sequential
compactness, Heine-Borel property, totally bounded spaces, finite intersection property, and
continuous functions on compact sets. Homeomorphism. Contraction mappings. Banach
fixed point theorem and its application to ordinary differential equation.
Unit 3
Limits, limits involving the point at infinity, continuity. Properties of complex numbers,
regions in the complex plane, functions of complex variable, mappings. Derivatives,
differentiation formulas, Cauchy-Riemann equations, sufficient conditions for
differentiability.
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Unit 4
Analytic functions, examples of analytic functions, exponential function, logarithmic
function, trigonometric function, derivatives of functions, and definite integrals of functions.
Contours, Contour integrals and its examples, upper bounds for moduli of contour integrals.
Cauchy- Goursat theorem, Cauchy integral formula.
Unit 5
convergence of powe Liouville’s theorem and the fundamental theorem of algebra.
Convergence of sequences and series, r series.Taylor series and its examples. Unit 6 Laurent
series and its examples, absolute and uniform
DSE-3: Number Theory
DSE3T: Number Theory
Unit 1
Linear diophantine equation, prime counting function, statement of prime number
theorem, Goldbach conjecture, linearcongruences, complete set of residues. Chinese
remainder theorem, Fermat’s little theorem, Wilson’s theorem.
Unit 2
Number theoretic functions, sum and number of divisors, totally multiplicative functions,
definition and properties of the Dirichlet product, the Mobius Inversion formula, the
greatest integer function, Euler’s phi-function, Euler’s theorem, reduced set of residues,
some properties of Euler’s phi-function.
Unit 3
Order of an integer modulo n, primitive roots for primes, composite numbers having primitive roots,
Euler’s criterion, the Legendre symbol and its properties, quadratic reciprocity, quadratic
congruences with composite moduli. Public key encryption, RSA encryption and decryption, the
equation x2 + y2= z2, Fermat’s Last theorem.
DSE-4: Mathematical Modelling
DSE4T: Mathematical Modelling
Unit 1
Power series solution of Bessel’s equation and Legendre’s equation, Laplace transform and
inverse transform, application to initial value problem up to second order.
Unit 2
Monte Carlo simulation modelling: simulating deterministic behavior (area under a curve, volume
under a surface), generating random numbers: middle square method, linear congruence, queuing
models: harbor system, morning rush hour, Overview of optimization modelling. Linear programming
model: geometric solution algebraic solution, simplex method, sensitivity analysis.
