Global Journal of Medical Research: L

Nutrition & Food Science

Volume 22 Issue 2 Version 1.0 Year 2022
Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal
Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA)
Online ISSN: 2249-4618 & Print ISSN: 0975-5888

Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa

Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus in Wistar Rats Stressed by
Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol
By Fatou Corka Kane, Simo Nemg Fredy Brice, Moundipa F. Paul
& Wilfred F. Mbacham
University of Yaoundé I
Abstract- High amounts of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood result in the metabolic
condition known as hyperlipidemia. There is currently no specific therapy to reduce the effects of
this disorder. In underdeveloped nations, metabolic diseases are treated using Moringa oleifera
and Pleurotus ostreatus. Both the nutritional and therapeutic benefits of these two plants are
frequently utilized.
Purpose: This study aimsto investigate the antihyperlipidemic property of dietary supplement of
Moringa oleifera leaves and Pleurotus ostreatus in wistar rats.
Materials and methods: A variety of mushroom species were produced in the Mushroom
Biotechnology Laboratory, and M. oleifera was developed in the university's botanical garden in
Dakar, Senegal.
Keywords: moringa oleifera, pleurotus ostreatus, dietary supplement, antihyperlipidemic, oxidative
stress.
GJMR-L Classification: DDC Code: 574.192 LCC Code: QP514.2

AntihyperlipidemicPropertyofaDietarySupplementofMoringaOleiferaLeavesandPleurotusOstreatusinWistarRatsStressedbyCombinationofEthanolParacetamol
Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of:

© 2022. Fatou Corka Kane, Simo Nemg Fredy Brice, Moundipa F. Paul & Wilfred F. Mbacham. This research/review article is
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 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary
Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and
Pleurotus Ostreatus in Wistar Rats Stressed by
Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol
α σ ρ Ѡ
Fatou Corka Kane , Simo Nemg Fredy Brice , Moundipa F. Paul & Wilfred F. Mbacham

2022
Abstract- High amounts of triglycerides and cholesterol in the Keywords: moringa oleifera, pleurotus ostreatus, dietary
blood result in the metabolic condition known as supplement, antihyperlipidemic, oxidative stress.

Year
hyperlipidemia. There is currently no specific therapy to reduce
the effects of this disorder. In underdeveloped nations, I. Introduction
11

A
metabolic diseases are treated using Moringa oleifera and
Pleurotus ostreatus. Both the nutritional and therapeutic lcoholism and other serious health issues are

Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

benefits of these two plants are frequently utilized. brought on by excessive alcohol usage, including
Purpose: This study aimsto investigate the antihyperlipidemic alcoholic liver damage (ALD). Alcoholism has
property of dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera leaves and been linked to several illnesses, and it is currently one of
Pleurotus ostreatus in wistar rats. the most challenging health issues with substantial
Materials and methods: A variety of mushroom species were medical, social, and economic repercussions. (Pari and
produced in the Mushroom Biotechnology Laboratory, and M. Karthikesan, 2001; Sivaraj et al., 2010). Alcohol abuse
oleifera was developed in the university's botanical garden in leads to significant illnesses such as hyperglycemia,
Dakar, Senegal. In this study, the extract of these two plants, cirrhosis, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic
designated FMP16, was used to treat rats that had been inflammation, and alcoholic fatty liver. (Ponnappa et al.,
exposed to oxidative stress caused by the combination of 2000). Oxidative stress is one of the elements that are
ethanol and paracetamol as follows: control (TG), stressed
crucial in numerous pathways of alcohol-induced harm.
(TP), ethanol-paracetamol treated groups (D1P- D2P- D3P),
which received three doses of the supplement at 500 mg/kg,
The creation of ROS in our bodies is abnormally
1000 mg/kg, and 1500 mg/kg, followed by ethanol in five increased by our unhealthy eating habits and our way of
sequential doses of 2 g. To measure: oxidative stress life (smoking, drinking, obesity, and strenuous activity).
parameters, total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density When organisms experience oxidative stress brought on
lipoprotein (LDL Cholesterol), and high-density lipoprotein by free radical damage, antioxidants aid in coping.
(HDL Cholesterol), blood and liver samples were collected. Antioxidant defenses come from two different sources:
Results: According to findings, giving rats a meal consisting of the diet, which includes fruits and vegetables, which are
a 2:1 ratio of Moringa oleifera and Pleurotus ostreatus lowered rich in vitamins C and E, carotenoids, ubiquinone,
plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- polyphenols, and lipoic acid. The other is endogenous
density lipoprotein (LDL). Compared to TG, it decreased the and is made up of proteins, enzymes, or tiny molecules
LDL cholesterol of D1P, D2P, and D3P by 39%, 30%, and 38%,
suchas glutathione, uric acid, superoxide dismutase,
respectively. D2P's SGPT and SGOT concentrations were also
and glutathione peroxidase (ferritin, transferrin, etc.).
decreased by 29% and 28%, respectively, compared to TP.
The dosage of 1000 mg/kg would be the most suitable for liver Additionally, some elements that are significant
damage. cofactors include selenium, copper, and zinc. (Pincemail
Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, et al., 2009).
taking M. oleifera leaves and P. ostreatus supplements may We were particularly interested in the plant
have health benefits, at least because they affect the lipid Moringa oleifera and the edible fungus Pleurotus
profile and liver damage in stressed rats. ostreatus because they contain significant antioxidant
content. The plant Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae),
also known as Nebeday in Senegal, is of Indian ancestry
Author α σ ρ Ѡ: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science,
University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon. e-mail: [email protected] and is now common throughout Asia and Africa. The
Author α: Mushroom Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant leaves are utilized in traditional African medicine and are
Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Cheikh Anta Diop commonly consumed as a legume. They are an
University of Dakar, Senegal. excellent source of protein (19–35% dry matter) (Kane et
Author α Ѡ: Laboratory for Food and Drug Safety, and Public Health
Biotechnologies, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
al., 2017; Makkar et al., (1996); Abou-Elezz et al., (2012)
Author Ѡ: Centre for Health Implementation and Translational and are rich in metabolizable energy (2273–2978kcal/kg
Research, The Fobang Institutes, Yaoundé, Cameroon. DM) (Makkar et al., (1996); Olugbemi et al., 2010). They
are also rich in vitamins (A, B, C, and E), minerals (0.6–
© 2022 Global Journals
 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus
in Wistar Rats Stressed by Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol

11.2% dry Matter). The South African ecotype of the rat chow composed of carbohydrates (52%), protein
plant has been observed to contain 19.3% crude protein (22%), fat (6.5%), water (12%), ash (6%), and fiber
(Moyo., 2011). Traditional Chinese medicine uses M. (4.5%). Every two days for 21 days, between 10:00 and
oleifera leaves to treat diabetes, headaches, fever, and 11:00 am, before the mixture administration of Moringa
malnourishment (Ndong et al., 2007; Kerrarho., 1994). oleifera and Pleurotus ostreatus in proportion 2:1, made
Preview studies have shown the health and as reported by Kane et al., the amount of food and water
nutritional interest of edible mushrooms (Zhang et al., ingested by each group of rats as well as body weights
2016; Alam et al., 2008; Pornariya and Kanok, 2009). P. were recorded (2017). The experiments were performed
ostreatus has been demonstrated for its antitumor during the day (09am–03pm).
effects, antioxidant properties, antihyperlipidemic effects
c) Experimental design
and antidiabetic effects, (Zhang et al., 2016; Abrams et
Thirty (30) adult male and female Wistar rats
al., 2011; Alam et al., 2008; Elmastas et al., 2007;
weighing 150 to 200 g were separated into five groups
Jayakumar et al., 2007; Jayakumar et al., 2006). A daily
of six after two weeks of acclimatization:
intake of 15 g of dried oyster mushrooms would have an
2022

anti-hyperlipidemic effect on the subjects, it would also - Group 1 (TG): a stress-free control group that
consumed only their regular diet of water, food, and
Year

cover up to 50% of the recommended daily intakes of

macronutrients and minerals, according to research on vehicle (starch paste) once daily for 21 days,
12 Pleurotus ostreatus nutritional value and - Group 2 (TP): a control group that received
antihyperlipidemic effects on HIV-positive individuals paracetamol 12 hours after ethanol administration,
Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

taking ARVs (Abrams et al., 2011, Alam et al., 2008; was supplied in five sequential doses of 2 g. kg-1
Manzi et al., 2001; Alam et al., 2009; Manzi et al., 1999, using an orogastric tube to stress the group. For 21
Kane et al., 2017). days, they consumed the standard diet of water and
Given the rich nutrient, phytochemical, and food at their leisure in addition to the vehicle starch
organoleptic potential of M.oleifera and P.ostreatus, we paste,
designed this study to determine the antihyperlipidemic - Group 3 (D1P): a group that received 500 mg/kg of
effect of Moringa oleifera leaves and Pleurotus ostreatus FMP16 and was stressed by ethanol in five
in Wistar rats stressed by a combination of Ethanol- sequential doses of 2 g. kg-1, administered through
paracetamol. In this paper, wewill code the dietary an orogastric tube; then received paracetamol 12 h
supplement by FMP16. after the last dose of ethanol. They received the
standard diet (water and food ab-libitum) and the
II. Materials and Methods vehicle starch paste once a day for 21 days,
- Group 4 (D2P): a group that received 1000 mg/kg of
a) Plant Material and Preparation of the mixture of FMP16 and was stressed by ethanol in five
Leaves from M. oleifera and P. ostreatus sequential doses of 2 g. kg-1, administered through
The fresh leaves of M. oleifera were harvested at an orogastric tube; then received paracetamol 12 h
the botanical garden of the University Cheikh Anta Diop after the last amount of ethanol. They received the
(UCAD) of Dakar, Senegal and identified at the botanical normal diet (water and food ab-libitum) and the
department (UCAD).The leaves were cleaned vehicle starch paste once a day for 21 days,
immediately after harvest, cut into small pieces, and
- Group 5 (D3P): a group that received 1500 mg/kg of
dried in the shade for two weeks. The dried material was FMP16 and was stressed by ethanol infive
ground into a powder using a manual homogenizer. P. sequential doses of 2 g. kg-1, administered through
ostreatus were obtained by cultivation at the an orogastric tube; then received paracetamol 12 h
biotechnological laboratory of the University Cheikh Anta
after the last dose of ethanol. They received the
Diop of Dakar. The Moringa oleifera and Pleurotus standard diet (water and food ab-libitum) and the
ostreatus powders were combined in a 2:1 ratio to vehicle starch paste once a day for 21 days.The rats
create the dietary supplement. The mixture was created were given full access to food and water, and were
following Kane et al, instructions (2017). The on 12-hour light cycle each day (dark 12h-12h light).
combination was dissolved in 0.01% starch paste before
They were force-fed FMP16 using a
being fed to the rats. gastroesophageal catheter and weighed every day.
b) Animals and grouping They fasted for the entire day before the animal
Wistar rats strain to weigh 150 to 200 g were sacrifice.
obtained from the Animal House of the National Institute On the 23rd day, the rats were given a night of
of Youth and Sports in Yaounde. They were placed in rest before being slaughtered (while sedated with ether)
plastic cages under standard laboratory conditions by having their jugular veins cut. Organs such the liver,
(temperature 20 to 30°C, relative air humidity 45 to 55%, kidneys, brain, and testicles were collected along with
and 12/12h light/dark cycle). The rats were fed with a blood. The liver, which was exclusively used in this
basal diet and water ad libitum. The feed was a standard study, was wrung out, weighed, and stored at -20°C until

© 2022 Global Journals

 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus
in Wistar Rats Stressed by Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol

processing day. It was then rinsed with ice-cold saline than 0.05 were regarded as significant in the statistical
(0.9% NaCl) to eliminate any remaining blood. analysis, which was conducted using one-way analysis
of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's post-test for
d) Determination of the biochemicals parameters in
multiple comparisons. The results are presented as the
liver
mean and standard deviation (SD).
- Preparation of liver supernates
Prior to biochemicals analysis, each liver III. Results and Discussion
sample was homogenized using a Poterproctor placed
Results have shown that no significant
on ice and 10% homogenate was prepared using the
difference was observed in final body weights (155–
KCL buffer solution (1.15%). The homogenates were
173g) (Table1). Body weight gain ranged between 0.8
centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 30 min at 4 ° C to collect the
and 19 g for the four treatment groups. A decrease of
supernatant used for analysis. The supernatant of each
10% in the weight of D3N group was observed. These
sample was aliquoted in 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes to
results corroborate those of Alam et al., (2011, 2009)
estimatethe activity of antioxidant parameters

2022
who found that a diet enriched with Pleurotus ostreatus
(peroxidized lipids LPO, glutathione cellular GSH,
decreases the body weight of animals. However, Bobek
catalase CAT). All liver parameters were expressed as

Year
et al., (1998) have shown that it does not affectthe
activity per mg proteins. The proteins concentration in
weight as well as Schneider et al., (2011) who worked on
each fraction were determined by the method of (Gornall 13
humans with a daily dose of 30 g of dried oyster
et al., 1949)
mushrooms, found that this does not affect

Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

- Determination of biochemical parameters anthropometric data. Bénissan et al., 2012, showed that
• Using the method of thiobarbituric acid-reacting the daily intake of 30 g of Moringa oleifera leaves
substances, the mean malondialdéhyde (MDA) level improves nutritional recovery in children suffering from
(mol/mg protein), a measure of lipid peroxidation, malnutrition. Hanaa et al., (2014), showed that a dose of
was evaluated (Singh et al., 2014). 600 mg/kg of Moringa oleifera lowers the body mass
• The level of catalase activity was assayed by the index in obese subjects. Furthermore, the mixture of
method of Sinha (1972). these species at a high dose of 1500 mg / kg, would
• The level of Glutathionecellular activity was explain the weight loss. This result was in contrast with
evaluated by the method of Ellman (1959). those of Osman et al. (2012), who reported up to 14%
• Serum glutamyl oxaloacétate transaminase (SGOT) changes in body weight of rats given M.oleifera extract
and serum glutamyl pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) for 21 days, attributing these changes to the rich nutrient
activities were assayed by the method of Karmen et quality of the extract.
al., (1955) and measured by standard essay kits Results also have shown no significant
SGM Italia Rome, Via Eschilo, 10139, (2012). difference in the amount of protein in the liver (figure1).
• The albumin level was assayed by the method of Regarding lipid peroxidation (figure 2), results show no
Ferreria& Price (1974) and measured by standard significant difference in the concentration of peroxidized
essay kits Hospitex diagnostics, Via Arno, lipids between the groups except between the
4001010L, (2013). Creatinin level was assayed by unstressed control group (TG) and the 1500 mg/kg
the method of Bergmeyer (1987) and measured by dose group where the concentration was 34% higher.
standard essay kits Hospitex diagnostics, Via Arno, These results are not in agreement with those of
4001621L (2014). Mladenovic et al, (2013); Patere et al, (2011); Johnsen et
• Testosterone level was assayed by the method of al, (2007). The effect of FMP16 on oxidative stress
Tietz, (1986) and measured by Kit ELISA (DRG enzymes such as catalase and cellular glutathione was
Diagnostics, Germany, EIA- 1559, (2009). also studied. Our results showed an increase in catalase
• Total Cholesterol level was assayed by the method activity of 87%, 85%, 90%, 82% respectively for the TG,
of Allain et al, (1974) and measured by standard D1P, D2P and D3P groups compared to the TP group
essay kits Hospitex Diagnostics, Via Arno, (intoxicated and untreated). Also, catalase activity of the
4001210L, (2011). 1000 mg/kg dose (D2P) was 35% and 43% higher
• HDL Cholesterol level was assayed by the method respectively compared to the 500 and 1500 mg/kg
of Grove (1979) and measured by standard essay doses (figure 3 and 4). These results corroborate those
kits SGM Italia, 10176, (2009). of Lamou et al, (2015); Pornariya and Kanok, (2009);
• Triglycerides level was assayed by the method of Elmastas et al, (2007); Mishra et al, (2011) and, they
Babblok et al., (1988) and measured by standard would be justified by the antioxidant capacity of both
essay kits Fortress Diagnostics, United kingdom, Moringa oleifera and Pleurotus ostreatus (Zhang et al.,
BXC0271, (2013). 2016; Elmastas et al., 2007; Makkar et al., 1996;
Sholapur and Patil, 2013).
e) Statistical Analysis
The liver damage caused by paracetamol,
IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software was used for
known as a hepatotoxic agent in case of overdose
statistical analysis and data processing. P-values less
© 2022 Global Journals
 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus
in Wistar Rats Stressed by Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol

(Séide, 2008), is frequently used to assess the hepato- Regarding creatinine, FMP16 administration
protective effects of medicinal plants (Lewerenz et al., decreased creatinine levels in the treated groups (D1P,
2003; Liu et al., 2011). The markers that are used to D2P, D3P) compared to the untreated and stressed
determine toxicity are usually transaminases (ALAT and group (TP) (Table 2). These results corroborate those of
ASAT), whose high concentration in the extracellular Sirag, (2009), Adedapo et al,(2009), Kane et al, 2022
medium is synonymous with an alteration of the cells. In who showed the protective effect of Pleurotus ostreatus
this study, our results showed that ALAT and ASAT and Moringa oleifera on kidney damage.
activities were decreased in the FMP16 groups (Table Our results on lipid metabolism in rats revealed
2). Thus, ALAT activity decreased by 29% in the 1000 a significant decrease in total cholesterol in the 500,
mg/kg dose group compared to the intoxicated control. 1000 and 1500 mg/kg dose groups (figure 5). There was
ASAT activity was higher in the intoxicated group (TP) by a 28%, 39%, 30% and 38% difference in TP, D1P, D2P
28% and 26% compared to the 1000 and 1500 mg/kg and D3P compared to TG. In addition, a difference of
doses. Compared to the results of the studies by 15% and 14% of D1P and D3P compared to TP.
2022

Adedapo et al, (2009) and Alam et al, (2011), who However, there was no significant difference in HDL
instead found that a dose of 1600 mg/kg of Moringa cholesterol levels (Table 2). The results of the
Year

oleifera leaves rather increased ALAT and ASAT activity; Triglycerides levels (Table 2) show a difference of 47%
and on the other hand that a diet supplemented with 5% and 41% of the 500 and 1000 mg/kg dose compared to
14 Pleurotus rather decreased transaminase activities, we the TG control group. There was also a 28% decrease in
could think that this explains the fact that FMP16 rather Triglycerides levels at the 500 mg/kg dose compared to
Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

tends to regulate their activities due to the antagonistic the dose 1000 mg/kg. In most of the studies on the
effect that these two species have. effects of Pleurotus ostreatus and Moringa oleifera, they
Furthermore, results showed that the found a decrease in the concentration of LDL
administration of FMP16 did not cause any significant cholesterol which is more related to cardiovascular
difference in albumin and testosterone levels (Table 2). diseases (Bobek and Galbavy, 1999; Bobek et al., 1998;
These results are similar to those of Alam et al, (2011) Hossain et al., 2003). These results are also in
and Adedapo et al, (2009) who found that administration agreement with those of Alam et al, (2009), Schneider et
of Pleurotus and Moringa oleifera had no effect on al, (2011), Chumark et al, (2008), Kane et al, (2022). Our
albumin levels. Howewer, Prabsattro et al, (2015), Zade results (figure 6) and those of previous studies suggest
et al, (2013), Okolo et al, 2016 rather found in their that FMP16 would be an excellent cholesterol-lowering
studies that Moringa oleifera increases sexual agent that could be recommended for the prevention
performance and thus could be considered as a and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
potential aphrodisiac.
Table 1: Effect of the dietary supplement on rat weights
GROUPES Starting Body weight (g) Final Body weight (g) P-value*
a
TG 154 ± 3,34 173,67 ± 9,16 0, 02
TP 154,33±3,44 177,33±4,84 d 0,01
e
D1P 154±2,53 185,67±2,86 0,01
D2P 153,20±2,68 168±4,14 0,6
D3P 153±3,03 157±7,14 0, 13

*ANOVA test; TG: control group; TP: stressed group ethanol+paracetamol; D1P: stressed and treated group 500 mg/kg: D2P:
stressed and treated group 1000 mg/kg; D3P: stressed and treated group 1500 mg/kg; a, d, e: mean statistically different with D3P
à p <0,05 (test de Bonferoni)
Table 2: Effects of dietary supplement FMP16 on serum transaminases, albumin, testosterone, HDL-cholesterol and
triglycerides activity

ASAT ALBUMINE TESTOS. Triglyc.

GROUPS ALAT (U/I) HDL-C (mg/dl)
(U/I) (g/dl) (ng/dl) (mg/dl)
TG 32,74±7,09 160,92±30,02 1,53±0,20 0,31±0,06 39,07±2,18 52,03±0,68
TP 48,48±3,32 196,35±33,40 1,61±0,37 0,47±0,12 38,88±1,88 78,14±12,69
D1P 43,16±8,80 209,16±25,74 1,80±0,10 0,53±0,08 36,30±2,89 71,02±18,92
D2P 34,31±4,55 141,86±11,19 1,60±0,20 0,44±0,04 35,08±2,53 98,18±7,64
D3P 43,66±2,13 145,86±22,20 1,75±0,18 0,43±0,03 34,17±5,47 87,83±21,97
The values are expressed as mean ± SD. TG: Control group rats with food and water ad libitum, TP: stressed rats without
treatment, D1P: dose of 500 mg/kg, D2P : dose of 1000 mg/kg, D3P: dose of 1500 mg/kg.

© 2022 Global Journals

 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus
in Wistar Rats Stressed by Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol

80

Proteins (mg/g of liver)

70

60

50

40

2022
TG

)
)

)
kg

kg
kg
1%

g/

g/
g/

Year
,0

m
(0

00

00
TP

0
15

5
(5

(1

(1
1P

2P

3P
D

Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

D

D
Figure 1: Total protein concentrations (mg/g of liver) in groups stressed by swimming and the Ethanol+ paracetamol
combination
The values are expressed as mean ± SD. TG: Control group rats with food and water ad libitum, TP: stressed rats without
treatment, D1P: dose of 500 mg/kg, D2P: dose of 1000 mg/kg, D3P: dose of 1500 mg/kg.

15
A
LPO (mM/mg protéines)

10

*
5

0
6
-6

6
0-

0-

0-
0-
10

)1

)1

)1
)1
TG

kg

kg
1%

kg

g/

g/
g/
,0

m
(0

00

0
TP

50
0

0
(5

(1

(1
1P

2P

3P
D

Figure 2: Effect of the dietary supplement on concentrations of peroxidized lipids (LPO)

The values are expressed as mean ± SD. TG: Control group rats with food and water ad libitum, TP: stressed rats without
treatment, D1P: dose of 500 mg/kg, D2P: dose of 1000 mg/kg, D3P : dose of 1500 mg/kg. 10-6

© 2022 Global Journals

 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus
in Wistar Rats Stressed by Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol

catalase activity (UI/mn/mg proteins)

3

2
*
abcd *
1
2022

0
Year

TG

)
kg

kg
1%

kg
16

g/

g/
g/
,0

m
(0

00

00
TP
Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

5
(5

(1

(1
1P

3P
2P
D

D
Figure 3: Effect of the dietary supplement on catalase activity (UI/mn/mg proteins)
The values are expressed as mean ± SD. TG: Control group rats with food and water ad libitum, TP: stressed rats without
treatment, D1P : dose of 500 mg/kg, D2P : dose of 1000 mg/kg, D3P: dose of 1500 mg/kg.
a, b, c, d, mean statistically different with TG, D1P, D2P et D3P à p<0,05 (Test de Bonferroni)
*, +, mean statistically different with D2P and D3P à p<0, 05 (Test de Bonferroni)
glutathion(mM/mg proteins)

0.020
a,b,c
0.015

0.010

0.005
d,e,f
0.000
TG

)
)

)
kg
1%

kg

kg
g/
g/

g/
,0

m
(0

00

00
TP

0
(5

5
(1

(1
1P

2P

3P
D

Figure 4: Effect of the dietary supplement on glutathion cellular activity (mM/mg proteins)
Values are means ± SD.
a , b, c, d mean statistically different with TG, D1P, D2P et D3P à p<0,05 (Test de Bonferroni)
e, f, g mean statistically different with TG, D2P et D3P à p<0,05 (Test de Bonferroni)

© 2022 Global Journals

 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus
in Wistar Rats Stressed by Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol

100
a,b,c,d

CHOLESTEROL (mg/dl)
80
e,f
60

40

20

2022
TG

)
)

)
kg

kg
1%

kg

Year
g/

g/
g/
,0

m
(0

00

00
TP

0
17

5
(5

(1

(1
1P

2P

3P
D

Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

D

D
Figure 5: Total cholesterol level (mg/dl) in serum of rats stressed by the combination of ethanol (30% - 2g/kg) and
paracetamol (750mg/kg)
The values are expressed as mean ± SD. TG: Control group rats with food and water ad libitum, TP: stressed rats without
treatment, D1P: dose of 500 mg/kg, D2P: dose of 1000 mg/kg, D3P: dose of 1500 mg/kg.
a, b ,c, d statistically different mean compared to TP, D1P, D2P and D3P at p<0.05 (LSD test)
e, f mean statistically different from D1P and D3P at p<0.05 (LSD test)

a,b,c,d
LDL CHOLESTEROL (mg/dl)

40

20
e,f,g
0

-20

-40
TG

)
)

)
kg

kg
1%

kg

g/

g/
g/
,0

m
(0

00

00
TP

5
(5

(1

(1
1P

2P

3P
D

Figure 6: LDL cholesterol levels (mg/dl) in serum of rats stressed by the combination of ethanol (30% - 2g/kg) and
paracetamol (750mg/kg)
The values are expressed as mean ± SD. TG: Control group rats with food and water ad libitum, TP: stressed rats without
treatment, D1P: dose of 500 mg/kg, D2P: dose of 1000 mg/kg, D3P: dose of 1500 mg/kg.
a,b,c ,d statistically different mean compared to TP, D1P, D2P and D3P at p<0.05 (LSD test)
e, f, g mean statistically different from D1P, D2P and D3P at p<0.05 (LSD test)

© 2022 Global Journals

 Antihyperlipidemic Property of a Dietary Supplement of Moringa Oleifera Leaves and Pleurotus Ostreatus
in Wistar Rats Stressed by Combination of Ethanol-Paracetamol

8
a,b,c

CREATININ (mg/dl)
6

0
2022

TG

)
)

)
kg

kg
1%

kg
Year

g/

g/
g/
,0

m
(0

00

00
TP

0
18

5
(5

(1

(1
1P

2P

3P
D
Global Journal of Medical Research ( LD ) Volume XXII Issue II Version I

D
Figure 7: Effect of the dietary supplement on creatinin activity (mg/dl) in the serum of rats stressed by the
combination of ethanol (30% - 2g/kg) and paracetamol (750mg/kg)
The values are expressed as mean ± SD. TG: Control group rats with food and water ad libitum, TP: stressed rats without
treatment, D1P: dose of 500 mg/kg, D2P: dose of 1000 mg/kg, D3P: dose of 1500 mg/kg.a, b mean statistically different from D2P
and D3P at p<0.05 (Bonferroni test)

IV. Conclusion 2. Abou-Elezz Fouad Mohammed, L. Sarmiento-

Franco, R. Santos-Ricalde, and J.F.Solorio
A dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera leaves Sanchez, “The nutritional effect of Moringa oleifera
and Pleurotus ostreatus in wistar rats shows that the fresh leaves as feed supplement on Rhode Island
powders of M. oleifera leaves and P. ostreatus mixture Red hen egg production and quality,” Tropical
have an antihyperlipidemic effect as it significantly Animal Health and Production, vol.44, no.5, pp.
lowers total and LDL cholesterol levels in rats stressed 1035–1040, (2012).
by combination of ethanol and paracetamol. The dose 3. Abrams D I, Couey P, Shade B S, Kelly M E, Elias N
1000 mg/kg is most appropriate for chemically stressed K and Stamets P, Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of
animals. FMP16 would have no effect on albumin and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushrooms) in HIV-
testosterone levels. infected individuals taking antiretroviral therapy,
BioMed Central Complementary and Alternative
Acknowledgements
Medicine, 11: 60, 1-8, (2011).
The authors would like to thank the 4. Adedapo A, Mogbojuri O M, and Emikpe B O,
Biotechnology Laboratory of the University Cheikh Anta Safety evaluations of the aqueous extract of the
Diop of Dakar, Senegal, and the Faculty of Science, the leaves of Moringa oleifera in rats, Journal of
FODRUS-LAPHER-Biotech of the University of Yaoundé Medicinal Plants Research, 3: 8, 586-591, (2009)
I, Cameroon. The project was part of a scholarship 5. Akhtar A H, Ahmad K U, Anti-ulcerogenic evaluation
provided to Fatou Corka KANE through Africa for of the methanolic extracts of some indigenous
Innovations, Mobility, Exchange, Globalization and medicinal plants of Pakistan in aspirin-ulcerated
Quality (AFIMEGQ) program sponsored by the rats, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 46: 1, 1-6,
European Commission’s EACEA program. (1995).
Conflict of Interests 6. Alam N, Amin R, Khan A, Ara I, Ja Shim M, Woong
The authors declare that there is no conflict of Lee M and Soo Lee T, Nutritional Analysis of
interests regarding the publication of this paper. Cultivated Mushrooms in Bangladesh - Pleurotus
ostreatus, Pleurotus sajor-caju, Pleurotus florida and
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