10/1/23

PYTHON & VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT

An Introduction

INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON &

VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT
WHAT ARE WE GOING TO LEARN TODAY?
Ø Python Language
o History of Python
o What is Python?
o Why Python
Ø Python Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Ø Virtual Environment
o What is Virtual Environment?
o Why We Need Virtual Environment?
Ø Introduction to Python
o Basic Syntax, Variables, Data Types
o Lists
o Dictionaries
o Basic Operators
Ø Hands-On

1
 10/1/23

PYTHON
LANGUAGE

HISTORY OF PYTHON

Python was created in the late 1980s by Guido van Rossum at

Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) in the Netherlands.

Guido Van Rossum posted the code (labelled version 0.9.0) to

alt.sources in February 1991.

Guido van Rossum

Python versions are python 1, python 2 and python 3.

The ABC programming language is thought to be the forerunner

of Python, as it was capable of handling exceptions and
interacting with the Amoeba Operating System.

ABC language and Modula -3 are programming language that

influence python.

2
 10/1/23

WHAT IS PYTHON?

High level, powerful, open-source and

01
popular programming language.

Python provides support for modules and

02 packages, which promotes programme
modularity and code reuse.

The Python interpreter and extensive

03 standard library are freely distributable
and available in source or binary form for
all major platforms.

WHY PYTHON

Simple and easy to learn

It uses simplified syntax with

an emphasis on natural
language.

3
 10/1/23

WHY PYTHON

Portable and extensible

It is supported by most of
platforms in use today

WHY PYTHON

More productive

Code can be written in fewer lines

4
 10/1/23

PURPOSE OF PYTHON

Solve
Build web Academic Build a
business
application research game
problem

APPLICATION THAT USES PYTHON

Google
Spotify Pinterest

Netflix Instagram Dropbox

10

5
 10/1/23

PYTHON POPULARITY (TIOBE INDEX)

11

INTEGRATED
DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENT
(IDE)

12

6
 10/1/23

PYTHON IDE
An IDE (or Integrated Development Environment) is a program dedicated to software development

13

VIRTUAL
ENVIRONMENT

14

7
 10/1/23

WHAT IS VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT?

Ø A virtual environment is a tool that helps to keep dependencies required by different projects
separate by creating isolated python virtual environments

15

WHY WE NEED VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT?

Ø Python has various modules and packages
for different applications. Our project may
require a third-party library
Ø To make a separate isolated environment.
Each project can store and retrieve packages
from their specific environment
Ø Easier to maintain the dependencies required
in created project
Ø Easier to deploy / put the project on
production site (minimize dependencies
conflict)

16

8
 10/1/23

INTRODUCTION
TO PYTHON

17

BASIC SYNTAX

Basic Syntax Description

Print(“______”) Print statement
Indentation ü Use in function, loop and conditional
statement
if True: ü One single tab for single indent level
print("Inside True")
print("Will throw error because of extra whitespace")
else:
print("False")
Comments Inclusion of short descriptions along with the
code to increase its readability
# - Single line comments
“”” (delimiter) – Multi line comments

18

9
 10/1/23

VARIABLES

Ø Variable is a name that is used to refer to memory location. Python variable is also known as
an identifier and used to hold value
Ø In Python, no need to specify the type of variable because Python is an infer language and
smart enough to get variable type
Ø Variable names can be a group of both the letters and digits, but they have to begin with a
letter or an underscore
Ø Recommended to use lowercase letters for the variable name. ie. Rahul and Rahul both are
two different variables

19

VARIABLES (CONT)

Ø Rules to name an identifier for variable are given below:

a. The first character of the variable must be an alphabet or underscore _
b. All the characters except the first character may be an alphabet of lower case (a – z),
upper case (A – Z), underscore or digit (0 – 9)
c. Identifier must not contain any white-space or special character (!, @, #, %, ^, %, *)
d. Identifier must not be similar to any keyword defined in the language
e. Identifier names are case sensitive; for example: my name and MyName is not the same

20

10
 10/1/23

VARIABLES (CONT)

Example valid and invalid identifier

Valid Identifier Invalid Identifier
num1 1name
FLAG num#
get_user_name True
userDetails def
_1234 @my.name
my_name for

21

VARIABLES (CONT)

Reserved Keyword in Python

cannot be used for identifier!

22

11
 10/1/23

VARIABLES (CONT)

Ø The equal sign ( = ) is used to assign values to variables

Ø The operand to the left of the = operator is the name of the variable and the operand to the
right of the = operator is the value stored in the variable
Name_of_the_variable = Value_to_variable

23

DATA TYPES

24

12
 10/1/23

VARIABLES & DATA TYPES

Here are some rules when naming variables in Python:

1. Names must contain only letters, numbers and underscores.

This is the correct way to

declare a variable in Python.

Adding a
period (.) in Python reads
front of a my as a
character in variable, and
Python is string1 as a
known as a Python method.
method.

25

VARIABLES & DATA TYPES

Here are some rules when naming variables in Python:

2. Spaces are not allowed.

This is the correct way to

declare a variable in Python.

Python will
inform that the
syntax is
incorrect.

26

13
 10/1/23

VARIABLES & DATA TYPES

Here, we’re assigning a string “Hello

world!” to the variable message. We
then print out this message.

We can use the type() function to

check the variable’s data type.

27

LISTS
Ø Lists are a collection of basic data types (also known as array)
Ø List can be declared using square brackets and items can be added inside the brackets using
comma separation

1 3 2 9 8 2 3 Element at index 5
First index 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Last index
Array length is 7

28

14
 10/1/23

LISTS (CONT)

The contents of the list

are enclosed inside
square brackets. This is
how you create a list.

Access the elements of

the list using the
indexing method. Python
indexing begins at 0.

29

LISTS (CONT)

You can also apply

string methods on
list elements

Apply .title() method on the

second element in the list, and
print a message using this
method.

30

15
 10/1/23

LISTS (CONT)
Ø Removing elements from lists
Ø Organizing a lists
Ø Slicing/subsetting a lists
Ø Looping through a lists
Ø Copying a lists
Reference: https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_lists.asp

31

DICTIONARIES

Ø Dictionaries are python’s implementation of a data structure that is more generally known as
an associative array
Ø There are 2 elements of a dictionary:
1. Key
2. Value
Ø Curly bracket can be used to write dictionaries, with the key and value separated by a colon
and the items separated by commas

32

16
 10/1/23

DICTIONARIES (CONT)

Value
Key

33

DICTIONARIES (CONT)

To access the values of the dictionary, we

provide the name of the dictionary
(patient_information) followed by the
name of the key (name and/or age)
enclosed in quotation marks and in square
brackets.

34

17
 10/1/23

DICTIONARIES (CONT)

We can use the values in the dictionary

to print out a message. Here, we’re
printing out the name of the patient.

35

DICTIONARIES (CONT)

If we want to add new key-value pairs to the

dictionary, we specify the name of the
dictionary, followed by the key name and the Here, we add new elements:
the patient’s address and
its associated value pair.
medical diagnosis.

36

18
 10/1/23

BASIC OPERATORS
Operators are special symbols in Python that carry out arithmetic
or logical computation. The value that the operator operates on is
called the operand.
This is an operator

These are
operands.

37

BASIC OPERATORS (CONT)

1. Arithmetic operators: Used to perform mathematical operations such as
addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

2. Assignment operators: Used to assign values to variables

3. Comparison operators: Used to compare values. Returns either True or False.

4. Logical operators: Used to combine conditional statements

5. Membership operators: Used to test whether a value/variable is found in a

sequence of string, list, tuple, set or dictionary.

38

19
 10/1/23

BASIC OPERATORS (CONT)

Arithmetic
operators

Comparison
operators

39

BASIC OPERATORS (CONT)

Membership operators

Logical operators

40

20
 10/1/23

BASIC OPERATORS (CONT)

• Python Operators
• https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_operators.asp
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_basic_operators.htm
• https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/operators

41

THANK YOU

42

21