ST.

GEORGE’S COLLEGE

PRE-ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL-BASED

ASSESSMENT [SBA]

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIO

CANDIDATE:

LEEKHOURI WILSON

CANDIDATE NUMBER:

ASSESSOR:

MR. MORGAN

YEAR:

2025
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT PAGE

Acknowledgement 2

Introduction 3

Industrial Technology Core

Section 1: Fundamentals of Industry

Organization of a selected Construction Industry 5

Organization of a selected Manufacturing Industry 8

Set of Safety Rules 12

Report of an Accident 16

A Small Business Plan 17

Reference 11

Section 2: Design Principles and Processes

Design Analysis of A Simple Manufactured Product 28

Section 3: Information Communication and Graphic Technologies

Information Communication and Graphic Technologies 34

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the individuals who supported me throughout the

completion of this SBA. Special thanks to those who provided guidance, encouragement, and

assistance during my research. Your contributions were truly appreciated and made this project

possible, thank you:

 Mr Morgan

 Ms Whyte

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 INTRODUCTION

In this draft of my Mechanical Engineering Technology SBA, I will provide detailed information on

the first core section of the SBA which was assigned. The content is based on my online research,

textbooks, class notes, and other relevant resources. The topics covered include:

 Organization of a selected Construction Industry

 Organization of a selected Manufacturing Industry

 Set of Safety Rules

 Report of an Accident

 A Small Business Plan

While I did use online sources for guidance, some content in several parts were written entirely in

my own words. In some cases, I referred to formats or examples, but the final work was my own

effort. These sections include:

 Set of Safety Rules

 Report of an Accident

 A Small Business Plan

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 INDUSTRIAL

TECHNOLOGY CORE

SECTION ONE

FUNDAMENTALS OF

INDUSTRY

CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

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 Definition

A construction company is a business that builds, renovates, or repairs structures such as houses,

buildings, roads, and bridges. These companies manage construction projects by providing

labour, materials, equipment, and expertise to complete the work safely, on time, and within

budget. In this SBA, I am tasked with researching a construction company of choice, this

company will be the PCL Construction.

PCL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

Figure 1. PCL Construction Company Logo

History

PCL began operations in 1906 as Martin and Poole Construction, founded by James Martin

and Ernest Edward Poole (October 18, 1883 – March 12, 1964) in Stoughton, Saskatchewan. Poole

and Martin both returned to their homes on Prince Edward Island for the winter of 1906–07, and

Martin decided to remain and retire. Poole continued the company upon his return to Saskatchewan

in spring 1907, and he changed the company name to E.E. Poole Contractors.

In 1913, Poole renamed the company to Poole Construction Company Limited. In 1932, the

company was moved to its current corporate headquarters in Edmonton, Alberta.

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In 1975, the company opened its U.S. head office in Denver, Colorado. Ernest Poole's sons, John

Edward (1917–2007) and George Ernest (1921–1997), sold the company in 1977 to their 25 senior

managers and Great West Life. Poole Construction Company Limited changed its name to PCL

Construction Ltd. in 1979. The company is now 100% employee owned.

Figure 2. Company Headquarters Figure 3. CEO (Chris Gower)

Organizational Structure

The organizational structure incorporated by the PCL Construction Company is the Top-Down

Organisational structure.

NB: PCL Construction's North American headquarters is located at: 9915 56th Avenue NW

Edmonton, Alberta T6E 5L7 Canada

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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF PCL COMPANY

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NB: For a more legible view visit https://www.theofficialboard.com/

MANUFACTURING COMPANY

Definition

A manufacturing company is a business that produces goods by transforming raw materials or

components into finished products using machinery, labour, and various production processes.

These companies often operate in factories or industrial plants and can manufacture a wide range of

items such as clothing, electronics, vehicles, furniture, and packaged foods. The products made are

usually sold to consumers, retailers, or other businesses. Manufacturing companies play a vital role

in the economy by creating jobs, driving innovation, and supplying goods needed for daily life and

further production. In this section of the SBA, I am tasked with researching a manufacturing

company of choice, this company will be the Ford Motor Company.

Figure 4. Ford Motor Company Logo

History

Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in

Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16,

1903. The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand, and luxury

cars under its Lincoln brand. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the

single-letter ticker symbol F and is controlled by the Ford family. They have minority ownership

but a plurality of the voting power.

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The Henry Ford Company was Henry Ford's first attempt at a car manufacturing company and was

established on November 3, 1901. This became the Cadillac Motor Company on August 22, 1902,

after Ford left with the rights to his name. In 1903, the Ford Motor Company was launched in a

converted factory, with $28,000, equivalent to $980,000 in 2024, in cash from twelve investors,

most notably John and Horace Dodge, who later founded the Dodge Brothers Motor Vehicle

Company.

Figure 5. Company Headquarters Figure 6. Founder (Henry Ford)

Organizational Structure

The organizational structure incorporated by the Ford Motor Company is the Top-Down

organizational structure.

NB: The Ford Motor Company is headquartered at: Ford World Headquarters 1 American Road

Dearborn, Michigan 48126 United States

For more information on the history of the company, visit https://www.ford.com/about/

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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF PCL COMPANY

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NB: The full organizational chart is too extensive. Visit https://www.theofficialboard.com/ for more
information.

REFERENCE

1. Ford Motor Company

2. The Official Board

3. PCL Construction
PCL Constructors Inc. (n.d.). About PCL. https://www.pcl.com/

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 SAFETY RULES

Definition

Safety rules are a set of instructions created to protect individuals and materials from harm. These

guidelines help reduce the risk of accidents and promote a secure working environment in technical

spaces like workshops.

Safety Rules

1. Check all tools for defects before use. Never use a machine or tool that appears damaged,

rusty, or correct tool for the job. Forcing the wrong tool to do a task can result in injury or

breakage.

Figure 7. A Defected tool

2. Stay alert and AVOID DISTRACTION. Concentrate fully when using machines—

accidents often happen when attention is lost.

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Figure 8. Signage of rule

3. Use guards and shields provided on equipment. They are there to prevent flying debris or

contact with moving parts.

Figure 9. Grinder Guards

4. Follow lock-out procedures when maintaining machines. Always ensure the power is cut

before repairs or maintenance.

Figure 10. Lock-out procedure

5. Do not lean or rest on equipment. Machinery can unexpectedly activate or cause

imbalance.

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Figure 11. Signage of rule

6. Report ALL accidents immediately, no matter how small. A small cut or mistake might

lead to a bigger hazard if ignored.

7. Label and store hazardous materials properly. Keep chemicals and flammable items

sealed, labelled, and away from open flames.

Figure 12. Signage of rule

8. Maintain good posture while lifting or using tools. Poor body positioning can cause strains

or long-term injuries.

Figure 13. Display of caring out rule

materials or chemicals.

Figure 14. Display of rule

10. No eating or drinking. Keep food out of the workshop at all times.

Figure 15. Signage of rule

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 ACCIDENT REPORT

For this section of the SBA the researcher will be writing an accident report.

To: Romone Morgan (Teacher)

From: Leekhouri Wilson (Student)

Date: April 15, 2025

Subject: Report on Workshop Accident Involving Injury

On April 15, 2025, at approximately 10:35 AM, a minor accident occurred in the Mechanical

Engineering workshop during a practical session. The incident involved students Roland Nelson,

Ajani Telfer, and Leekhouri Wilson.

While operating the bench grinder to smooth the surface of a mild steel piece, Roland Nelson was

accidentally nudged by Ajani Telfer, who was passing behind him. As a result, Roland’s hand

slipped, and his finger made brief contact with the grinding wheel, causing a minor abrasion.

I, Leekhouri Wilson, immediately turned off the bench grinder and guided Roland to the teacher,

Romone Morgan. Roland was issued to the school nurse, where the injury was cleaned, treated, and

bandaged. Fortunately, the abrasion was minor and did not require further medical attention.

The incident resulted from close movement around active machinery, PPE and lack of spatial

awareness. It is advised that students maintain a safe distance from others operating machinery and

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avoid moving behind them while equipment is in use. Regular reminders of safety zone rules and

workspace awareness should be conducted.

BUSINESS PLAN

In this section, which is the final section of my Mechanical SBA, the researcher will be writing a

small business plan for a small company which I have named ClearFlow. This plan will contain

elements such as:

 Table of Contents

 Executive Summary

 Company Description

 Product/Service

 Market and Competition

 Marketing and Selling Strategy

 Operation Plan

 Organizational Chart

What is a business plan?

A business plan is a formal document that outlines a company's goals, strategies, and financial

projections for achieving those goals. It serves as a roadmap for business growth, helps secure

funding, and clarifies a business's vision and operations for both internal and external audiences.

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 TITLE PAGE

CLEARFLOW MANUFACTURING

COMPANY

Figure 7. ClearFlow Manufacturing Company Logo

Company Contacts

Email – [email protected]

Phone - (876) 239 - 2372

Location, Street: 52-56 Knutsford Blvd Box 391 Kingston 5

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT PAGE

Executive Summary 20

Company Description 21

Product/Service 21

Market and Competition 21

Marketing and Selling Strategy (more) 22

Operation Plan 23

Organizational Chart 26

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ClearFlow Solutions is a company dedicated to providing innovative and affordable drain cleaning

tools using durable metal components. Inspired by a personal experience of struggling to clear

clogged drains, the founder developed a practical and efficient device to solve this common

household problem. Our goal is to make drain maintenance easier, faster, and safer for homeowners

and professionals alike.

Vision/Mission Statement and Goals

Vision Statement

ClearFlow Solutions aims to become a leading provider of simple, effective drain clearing tools that

combine quality metal craftsmanship with user-friendly design. We strive to help customers

maintain clean and functioning plumbing systems with minimal effort and cost.

Goals and Objectives

 Launch product sales within 6 months.

 Achieve monthly sales of 500 units by the end of the first year.

 Maintain product quality with a satisfaction rate of 90% or higher.

 Expand distribution to local hardware stores within 18 months.

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Keys to Success

 High-quality, durable metal components.

 Affordable pricing that appeals to both homeowners and professionals.

 Effective marketing highlighting the product’s unique design and ease of use.

COMPANY DESCRIPTION

ClearFlow Solutions is a start-up that designs and manufactures metal drain clearing tools. The

company was inspired by the my personal challenge with clogged drains, leading to the

development of a simple yet effective metal component tool that quickly clears blockages. Our

focus is on producing reliable, affordable, and easy-to-use products that meet the needs of everyday

users.

PRODUCT/SERVICE

Our main product is a metal drain clearing tool made from durable stainless steel. It is designed to

reach deep clogs and remove debris without damaging pipes. The product is reusable, easy to clean,

and fits most standard drain sizes.

MARKET AND COMPETITION

Market Trends:

Homeowners and small businesses increasingly seek cost-effective and DIY plumbing solutions to

avoid expensive repairs.

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Customers:

Homeowners, plumbers, and small property managers.

Competition:

Traditional plastic drain snakes, chemical drain cleaners, and professional plumbing services.

Differentiation:

Our metal tool offers greater durability, eco-friendliness (no chemicals), and long-term cost savings

compared to alternatives.

Risks:

Market competition, customer preference for chemical cleaners, and initial low brand recognition.

MARKETING AND SELLING STRATEGY

Product:

A needed solution to an everyday problem – clearing drains without harsh chemicals.

Price:

Affordable price point of JMD 2,250 per unit, competitive with similar manual drain cleaning tools.

Promotion:

Use online platforms, local hardware stores, and demonstration videos to showcase product benefits.

Place:

Sales through e-commerce sites and local retail outlets.

Operating Plan

Day-to-day operations include sourcing quality metal components, assembling the tools, packaging,

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and shipping. Customer service and marketing activities will support product sales and brand

growth.

Management/Organization

The Company is owned and managed by the founder, who has a background in mechanical

engineering and product design. Additional support will be contracted for manufacturing and

marketing as needed

Financing

 Unit cost: JMD 750 (materials and labour)

 Fixed costs: JMD 300,000 monthly (rent, utilities, marketing)

 Break-even: Sell approximately 200 units per month

 Start-up costs: Estimated JMD 2,250,000 for tooling, initial inventory, and marketing

OPERATION PLAN

Years 1–3: Foundation and Profitability

Objective: Establish a robust operational framework to achieve profitability within the first three

years.

Key Operational Goals:

 Employee Attendance: Maintain a 90–95% employee attendance rate to ensure consistent

productivity.

 Departmental Productivity: Aim for an 85–100% productivity rate across all departments,

ensuring efficient operations.

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  Customer Growth: Implement strategies to consistently increase the customer base, focusing

on customer satisfaction and retention.

Daily Operations:

 Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs): Develop and implement SOPs for all departments to

standardize processes and ensure quality control.

 Performance Monitoring: Utilize Key Performance Indicators to monitor departmental

outputs and identify areas for improvement.

 Employee Training: Conduct regular training sessions to enhance skills and ensure alignment

with company goals.

 Customer Feedback: Establish channels for customer feedback to inform service

improvements and product development.

Years 4–5: Optimization and Scaling

Objective: Refine operations and prepare for expansion by optimizing existing processes.

Operational Enhancements:

 Process Evaluation: Regularly assess and improve operational workflows to eliminate

inefficiencies

 Technology Integration: Adopt advanced technologies to automate processes and enhance

productivity.

 Market Analysis: Conduct thorough market research to identify opportunities for growth and

expansion.

 Resource Allocation: Optimize resource distribution to support scaling efforts without

compromising quality.

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Years 6–9: Expansion and Diversification

Objective: Significantly expand operations domestically and internationally to increase market

share

Expansion Strategies:

 Infrastructure Development: Construct additional factories and distribution centres to meet

growing demand.

 International Expansion: Establish operations in neighbouring countries to tap into new

markets.

 Product Diversification: Introduce new product lines to cater to a broader customer base.

 Strategic Partnerships: Form alliances with local businesses to facilitate market entry and

growth.

Years 10 and Beyond: Sustained Growth and Innovation

Objective: Ensure long-term success through continuous improvement and innovation

Long-Term Initiatives:

 Research and Development: Invest in R&D to innovate and stay ahead of industry trends.

 Sustainability Practices: Implement eco-friendly practices to promote sustainability and

corporate responsibility.

 Talent Development: Focus on employee development programs to nurture leadership and

retain top talent.

 Global Branding: Strengthen brand presence globally through strategic marketing and

consistent quality.

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This operating plan provides a roadmap for your business to achieve initial profitability, optimize

operations, expand strategically, and sustain long-term growth. Regular reviews and adjustments to

this plan will be essential to respond to market changes and internal performance metrics.

If you need further customization or additional details on specific sections, feel free to ask!

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

NB: The organizational chart being used for ClearFlow is a Top-Down organizational chart.

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 SECTION TWO

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

AND PROCESSES

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 DESIGN ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE
MANUFACTURED PRODUCT

In this section of this SBA, the researcher will be doing a design analysis of a simple manufactured

product. This product is a Bread Box. I will be analysing various design components of a Bread

Box. Some components include; Economics, Functionality, Decoration, Suitability of Materials of

this product.

PRODUCT:

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Figure 8. Bread Box

CRITERIA:

NB: I will be adding additional information on the design process that was given.

 Style

 Suitability of Materials

 Functionality

 Colour and Texture

 Economics

 Hygiene and Maintenance

 Safety

 Line

 Direction

 Shape

 Size

 Colour

 Texture

 Space

 Form

LINE, DIRECTION AND STYLE

The bread box has a combination of straight and curved lines, giving it a balanced look. The

horizontal lines of the top, bottom, and sides create a sense of stability. This line and styles gives the

box a traditional yet functional style that fits comfortably in both old and modern kitchens.

SHAPE AND SIZE

The overall shape of the bread box is rectangular, which provides a convenient and organized

structure for holding baked goods. In terms of size, the box is compact and stable enough to sit on a

countertop without overwhelming space, yet spacious enough inside to hold several loaves or

pastries.

COLOUR

The bread box is made from natural wood with warm, light to medium brown tones. This earthy

colour contributes to a cosy and welcoming kitchen environment. The natural variation in the wood

grain enhances its organic look, making it feel both comforting and attractive.

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TEXTURE

Visually, the bread box shows a rich wood grain that adds natural texture, while the surface itself

appears smooth and well-polished. This contrast between visual texture and physical smoothness

gives it a handcrafted, high-quality appearance that is both pleasant to see and touch.

SPACE

The bread box is designed to make efficient use of space. Its compact form allows it to sit neatly on

a kitchen surface without taking up too much room, while the interior is roomy enough to store

multiple items. The roll-top mechanism also helps save space, since it does not require additional

clearance like a swinging door would.

FORM

This bread box has a solid three-dimensional rectangular form that shows durability and function.

The addition of the curved roll-top adds a sense of softness to the otherwise sturdy shape. Together,

these elements create a form that is both functional for everyday use and attractive in its overall

appearance.

SUITABILITY OF MATERIALS

The bread box is made of wood, which is a suitable material for controlling moisture and extending

the freshness of bread. Wood is also a strong, durable material that can handle regular use without

easily breaking.

FUNCTIONALITY

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The box uses a roll-top opening mechanism, which is efficient in space-saving. It provides a

covered area that protects bread from air exposure, pests, and contaminants. Its size appears large

enough to store multiple loaves or baked goods at once.

COLOR AND TEXTURE

The colour is a natural light brown, typical of untreated or lightly finished wood. The texture is

smooth, indicating that the surface has been sanded and possibly sealed to make cleaning easier and

to resist moisture.

ECONOMICS

The materials and design suggest mid-range pricing. Wood is more expensive than plastic but offers

longer durability. The build quality appears solid, meaning the user is likely getting good value over

time despite a slightly higher initial cost.

HYGIENE AND MAINTENANCE

The interior surface appears smooth and flat, making it easy to wipe clean. However, because it's

made of wood, it's important to avoid excessive moisture to prevent mold. There are no complex

parts that would make cleaning difficult.

STORAGE CAPACITY

The box seems capable of holding approximately 3–4 loaves or various small baked goods. Its

rectangular depth and width make it practical for both large and small bread types.

SAFETY

There are no visible sharp edges or exposed nails. The rounded edges on the side improve handling

safety. The roll-top door slides smoothly, reducing the chance of pinched fingers.

NB: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION OF A ROLL TOP BREAD BOX:

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Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuW00hOtzAs

SECTION THREE

INFORMATION
COMMUNICATION
AND
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 GRAPHIC
TECHNOLOGIES

INFORMATION COMMUNICATION AND GRAPHIC TECHNOLOGIES

For this section the researcher will be evaluating the modern trend in Mechanical

Engineering Technology.

DEFINITION:

Modern trends in mechanical engineering are the new and popular ideas or technologies being used

in the field today. These include things like robots, smart machines, 3D printing, and using

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computers to design and control systems. These trends help engineers build better machines that

work faster, last longer, and are better for the environment, here are some trends that were

given/found:

TRENDS

 Computer numerical control machines.

 Computer aided manufacturing.

 Computer integrated manufacturing.

 Virtual manufacturing.

 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing)

 Smart Factories & IoT in Manufacturing

For a deeper understanding of the topic, see presentation here: Presentation

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