Digital Image Processing Question bank (EC6OE613)
Question bank
Unit I
Introduction
1. Define an image. Elaborate on the importance and the need for image processing.
2. Summarize on the origin of image processing.
3. Highlight the fields where image processing is used.
4. Discuss the fundamental steps of digital image processing.
5. What are the components required to process an image? Explain.
6. Discuss the importance of image storage. What are the different types of storage
utilities (types) used in image processing?
7. Discuss the different levels of image processing.
Unit-II
Digital image fundamentals
1. With relevant diagram explain the visual perception along with different layers of the
human eye in detail.
2. How can an image be represented in digital form? Discuss in detail, the illumination and
reflectance components.
3. What is the need of cones and rods in human eye? Discuss with required graph and
examples.
4. Explain the simple image formation model with relevant light conditions.
5. Explain the different distance measurement techniques applicable to calculate the
distance between pixels.
6. Highlight on the connectivity and neighborhood of pixels.
7. Discuss the concept of labeling of connected components using 4 and 8 connectivity.
8. With examples, perform arithmetic and logical operations done on a binary image.
9. Exemplify on translation, scaling and rotation.
10. Problems on the unit.
11. What is the necessity of sampling and quatization? Explain.
Unit-III
Image enhancement in spatial domain
1. What is image enhancement? Elaborate on the approaches of it. Also highlight on the
purpose of image enhancement.
2. What is point processing? Explain with an example.
3. Explain the importance of bit plane slicing and gray level slicing.
4. What is a histogram? How does histogram processing helps in improving the image
quality.
5. With relevant examples, explain the following gray level transformations:
i) Log transformation
ii) Power law transformation
iii) Image negatives.
6. Illustrate with graphs and figures the following piecewise linear transformation
functions.
i) Contrast stretching
ii) Histogram processing
iii) Histogram equalization
7. Derive the equation for histogram equalization.
8. Compare the methods of piecewise linear transformation function with local
enhancement.
9. Explain how image averaging reduces the presence of noise with relevant equations.
10. List and explain the application of image subtraction.
11. Define a mask. Illustrate the use of mask in spatial filtering.
12. Outline the uses of smoothing filters in spatial domain with relevant equations of filter
response.
13. Outline the uses of sharpening filters in spatial domain with relevant equations of filter
response.
14. Problems on histogram processing, equalization and median filters.
15. Develop a mask using prewitt’s, sobel’s and Robert’s operator using gradient operator.
16. Develop a mask using laplacian operator.
Image enhancement in frequency domain
1. With required equation and figure, explain the basic steps of filtering in frequency
domain.
2. Discuss the correspondence between filtering in spatial and frequency domains.
3. Explain the importance and applications of homomorphic filtering.
4. Derive an expression for homomorphic filtering which splits illumination and
reflectance components. Also highlight on the importance of illumination and
reflectance components.
Unit IV
1. What is the need of image transforms? Mention the applications of it.
2. Show that Unitary transform is orthogonal with an example.
3. Mention the properties of
a) unitary transforms.
b) Haar transform
c) Hadamard transform
d) Discrete cosine transorm
e) Discrete fourier transform
f) Sine transform.
4. Perform Haar transform for N=8.
5. Problems on DFT, DCT, Haar Transforms.
Unit V
Image Restoration
1. Differentiate between image restoration and image enhancement.
2. With relevant equation and figure, explain the process of degradation and
restoration.
3. With required probability density function and graph explain different noise
models.
4. Explain the process of restoration in the presence of noise using
i) Mean filter
ii) Order statistic filter
iii) Median, max and min filter, midpoint filter and alpha numeric
filter.
5. How are adaptive filters used in the reduction of local noise?
6. How can periodic noise be reduced using frequency domain filters?
7. Derive an expression for linear position invariant degradation model.
8. How can the degraded image be restored using
i) wiener filter
ii) Inverse filtering
iii) LMS filtering.
