MODERN HISTORY 1857 AD +
First war of independence
Formation of Indian National congress-1885- A.O. Hume first general secretary
Formation of Muslim League- 1906 , founded by Muhammad Ismail
Non – co-operation movement- 1920
Civil disobedience movement-1930 –refusal of British laws like salt tax, Simon commission
Quit India movement-1942
Partition – 1947
Constitutional development of India= 1946-1950
Wars: India- Pakistan- 1947-48, 1965, 1971 & 1999
Formation of Bangladesh -1971
War china-1962
New economic development-1991
MEDIVIEL HISTORY (700 AD-1857)
First invasion of Sindh by Mohammed-bin- kasim –Arab- 712
Accession o king bhoja of Kanauj- 836
Accession of Rajaraja, the chola ruler- 985
Accession of ghazni-998
ghazni defeated jaipal, the ruler of Punjab- 1001
Destruction of somnath temple by ghzni1024
First battle of tarain between priyhviraj chauhan and ghori-1191
Second battle of tarain-1192
Succession of Qutubudin Aibak-1206
Death of Aibak-1210
Mongol invasion- chaengiz khan invaded india-1221
Succession of Razia sultan, Delhi sultanate=1236
Death of Razia Sultan- 1240
Accession of khilji-1296
Death of khilji-1316
Accession of Muhammad- bin tughlaq- 1325
Capital was transferred from Delhi to Daulatabad-by Tughlaq-1327
Foundation of vijaynagar empire-1336
Accession of firoz shah tughlaq-1351
Timur invasion -1398
Birth of Guru Nanak-1469
Accession of Babar-1494
First battle of Panipat, Babar defeated Ibrahim lodhi-1526, foundation of Mughal dynasty
Battle of khandwa, Babar defeated Rana Sanga-1527
Death of Babar, accession of Humayan-1530
Battle of chausa, sher shah suri defeated humayun, and become emperor of india-1539
Humayun recaptured the throne-1555
Battle of talikota-1556
Battle of Haldighati, Rana Pratap defeated by Akbar-1576
Din a- ilhi – 1582
East India company established-1600
Death of Akbar and accession of Jahangir-1605
Execution of Guru Arjun Dev, 5th guru 1606
Death of Jahangir -1627
Shahjahan become emperor- 1628
Death of Mumtaz- 1631
Accession of Aurangzeb, shahjahan imprisoned=1659
Shivaji imprisoned by Aurangzeb-1665
Death of Shivaji, Aurangzeb and Guru govind Singh – 1680, 1707 and 1708
Nadir shah invaded- 1739
Battle of plassey, British rule established- 1757, Robert Clive defeated Siraj – ud Daullah,
captured Calcutta. Third battle of Panipat -1761, between Marathas (Sadashivaro Bhao) and
the Afghans, led by Ahmad Shah Durani, he won.
ANCIENT HISTORY (PRE- HISTORIC TO AD 700)
Paleolithic period ( 2 million BC- 10,000 BC)- Invention of fire, tools made of lime
stone, important Paleolithic sires like; Bhimbetka, Narmada valley.
Mesolithic ( 10,000 BC- 8000 BC)- Cattle rearing started, major climate change.
Neolithic (8000 BC-4000 BC) – Agriculture started, wheel discovered, important
sites; Burzahom (Kashmir), Mehrgarh (Pakistan).
Chalcolithic ( 4000BC-1,500 BC)- Bronze age.
Indus valley civilization- Also known as Harappaan, beginning of city life, Mohenjo-
Daro sites discovered , bodies were buried in wooden coffins, but later bodies were
buried in painted burial urns, copper, bronze, silver gold were present, LOTHAL
SITE-near Gujarat, earliest port, fire altars. SOCIETY AND CULURE- Spinning and
weaving, economic inequality, nature and animal worship, lord Shiva, no caste
system.
Iron Age- (1500 BC- 200 BC) Arrivals of Aryans, Vedas were composed, written
down later, Jainism and Buddhism, Mahajanapadas (types of human settlements)
Magadha empire-Bimbisara of Haryanka Kula. The first ruling dynasty was
Brihadratha dynasty, Brihadratha had a son named Jarasandha, Nanda empire,
Persian –Greek Alexander. 327 BC. He had created the largest empires in history,
from Greece to North western India, undefeated , history greatest empire and the
most successful commanders.
Mauryan Empire ( 321-185 BC)- Important rulers – Chandra Gupta maurya ,
bindusara, Ashoka
Post – Mauryan Kingdoms- sunga ( 181-71 BC, ) Kanva ( 71-27 BC) , Sakas ( 90 BC-
150 AD) , South Indian Kingdoms- cholas, Cheras and Pandyas,
Gupta kingdom- ( 300 AD- 700 AD) Classical period , important rulers – founded by
Chandra Gupta, ,followed by Samudra Gupta kalidas and Aryabhata very eminent
persons during Gupta period, also referred golden age of India due to contributions
in culture, science, mathematics and governance.
Post guptas – Harshvardana, Pallavas and chalukyas.
