144 J'l'IEniOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.
are, however, indicatiom; of fonl', and perhaps five, pairs of short, thic l " cephalic appendages on the
anterior third of the body. Unfortunately, they are not well preserved, the basal and distal por-
tions not present, ami the imlicatiolls of joints indistinct; they directed outwards from the
median line of the body, on each side of' the intestine, the hindermost (Gth) pair being directed
sowewhat obliquely outwards and lmckwards. In their position aJHI relative distance ap,1rt they
seem homologolls with the ceplmlie limbs of the larval LimultlS. 'l'be indic;1tiolls, slight as tlley
an', lead us to suppose that they approached ip general shape and relatiye size those of Prest-
wiehia, reaching mmr bnt not passillg beyond tbe edg'e of the cephalic shield. 'rile distal portion of
the limbs not heing preserved, it is impossible to eonjeeture whether tlJe} were foreipicclte or uoL'"
Through the mi(ldle of the hody, from near the anterior tn the post.erior margin, passes the
cast of the digestive canal; it is swollen in front, the dilatation prolxLblj representing- the pro-
ventrienlus, and in olltlille the east recalls that of the dige::;tive canal of Li lllul 11",. .Jndging by
analogy, tltP, mouth was prolmbly, as in the larval Limulus, sitnate(l well in fl"Ollt between the
anterior pain; of appendages, and the !esophaglls curved for-wanl aud upward from the month,
while the vent was situated very near Uw hiIlller edge of the undy. .
'rhern are no distinct traces of an abdominal region ill the specimen, and it will be seen that
in some of Dr. \Voodward's figures there is also none. It is not probab1<) Lhl1t then) IVa::; allY spine
in the genns, none beillg indieated in any of the figures or published.
Length of hOlly, 14"""; brea<itIJ,H""n; width of the flattened rim or margin, 1mm. Locality,
Ma;r,on Creek. "No. 21Ra, b. Collection of .iHr. IJacoe.
,J migiug by our speeimen::; and Dr. \Voo(l ward's fig-nrcs, Cyelns if re::;tored wonld h,we an orbic-
ular bodS, lllore or I(,s,; disk like or hemispherical, witll ,1 region composClI of" six seg-
IlH,nts, which are llOt, however, il)(licated extcl"l1<Llly; t.lti" region hall a tit in margin, as il) Prest-
wiehia and Lilllulus. A ]miJ' of ocelli were present, but no compouud lateral eyes
have yet bloen (liscovere(l. An ab(IOluinal region was slightly differentiated, and it was eomposed
ofihree segments, the tb inl representing that of the embryo Limu] ns, which ill that form eventually
beeomes (,he eall(hLi spine. The Cyelm; was provided with six pairs of eepltaiie appendages, \Thieh
were short, not reaching beyond tbe edge of the hody. With these the animal could creep over the
bottom of the shallow, lllu<ldy portions of the e,lrbouii"erou>; sea. It is not improbable that there
were byo pairs of ahdominal lalllellated legs, adapted for resIliratioll, short ami broad, and not
unlike those of the em[lr.'o Limulns. In fact, onr conception of the forIll of the li\ing Cyclus is
that it was [lot mnelt nnlike the adY,lll('e(l embryo of Y--,irnuills, either in the stage represented in
Figs. 17 aIld 17(1 or l8, 18n, and perhaps H) <tnd191t, or onr memoir'" of olle of which
(IDa) Fig. 8 is ;, copS. At this stage of ,1eYelopment the body of Lirrmllls is
hemispherical; seen from benm1th the outline of the body is nearly orbicnlar, the
abdominal region eomp1eting the circle. If 1,imnlm; were arrested at the stage of
developwcllt \Then only three abdollJinal segments had ;Lppeared, amI the devel-
opment of the 1eet awl eht\\ s had heeD aeeelerated and then hatehed, it would be,
so to speak, a Cyelns.
uot In onr first mlOlnoir OIl the lievelopmeIl t or TJilUnlns we adopted Dr. \Vood-
\\ anl's ,iew that Cyclus was ,L Xiphosnn1n. Tn loGH Dr. \VoOllwanl stated; "\Ve
must diH'er from Ill. de KOIliIlk ill referring this form to the Trilobites. If truly an adult, it must be
placed near to AllUS, with til() other shield-bearing PhyJlopods; if ,1 larval form, it may been
the narl.Y stage of l'l'el:;t\\ ieilia, or some otiJel'Lillll1loid of the eoalmeal:;uI'es. Nor do we think it in
the least probable that, tlle shield of Oyclus radialis was liexible or contraetile, its original segments
being completely soldered together into oue pieee"; and in1870 he add", that, from the recent inves-
., The DevelopllJent of Limnl"s 1)()lyplteIll1ls, 11072, PL iv. :'I10ll1O;1"5 Bost. Soc. Hist.., Vol. l.
Sinee this arLiele was sellt t,o Ihe printer, ] h,1\ e rceei, ed, thl'ongb Ihn kindness of the <tul,hor, :'Ill'. B. N.
Peach's" 1>'11 rthm H,pseal(,lws among the Crusl ael'a a!Hl Al'aehnida of t.he Carhollifmous Hocks of tbe ::ieottish Border.
Trans, ]{oy. Soe. Edinburgh, 110102,." In this Jlwllloir :'III'. figures all(l hrieJ1y des"ribes H]() limhs of Cyclus.
" Fro))] tlte iaet," he says, "that seVel of the Sliney specimens exhihit. limbs, the Iadiat;ng lilIes of j,be sterllulll ,Ll"C
most probably the divisions bet,\\ een Ill" eox",." Under C!lcla8 festac/o Perrell, he dese!'i!>es six triangllhtr plates Oil
ead! side, divided from e:wh other by doep sulci, and eOllYmgillg upon an ontl sternum. He rr180 refers to" thejoiute(l
eyliIHlrical limlm, tbe tips of \\ bielt have not b(,eu observed."
