HEALTH, SAFETY and ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

In accordance with the Scope of the Work and Condition of Contract the projects will
establish occupational safety and health standards with which all employees must
comply. Construction Safety Officer, who is familiar with such kinds of project
construction procedures, equipment operations, traffic management, and able to
predict and identify unsafe working conditions, will be assigned to undertake the
task.

Health & Safety

 Effective management of work activities and competent site supervision are

essential in maintaining healthy and safe conditions. It should be made clear
to supervisors exactly what it is they are expected to do and how they are
expected to do it. The greater the risk, the greater the degree of control and
supervision required.
 Ensure the level of site supervision provided is adequate. Site managers and
supervisors should be trained to help them discharge their health and safety
responsibilities. site managers will be required the support of assistant site
managers.
 It will be considered if there are any hazards that can be avoided altogether
(eg the need to paint at height can be eliminated if materials are brought to
site ready-finished);
 decide which risks need to be controlled
 consider the best ways of controlling them; and then
 everyone is properly trained and competent
 they have the equipment they need; and
 agreed work methods are put into practice.
 When people (either employees, other contractors or visitors) first come to
site, it is important that they receive information about the site hazards and
the steps that have been taken to control the risks. Make sure that the
person running the site can be easily identified; if there is a site office, sign it
clearly. A site plan showing the office location, placed at the site entrance
together with an instruction that all visitors report to the site office. We have
 the duty to take reasonable steps to ensure that only authorized people are
allowed where construction work is being done.
 People who are going to work on the site for the first time should be briefed
about risks, welfare facilities and site rules. One way of doing this is by
making sure the site supervisor speaks to them before they start work. They
might also be given an information sheet or relevant information might be
displayed on a notice board prominently placed near the site entrance. 112
Ask people working at the site for their views and ideas about health and
safety and how working conditions or systems can be improved. This can be
done during formal meetings or on an informal basis either face to face or
using a suggestion box.
 Health and safety checks can be incorporated into normal progress and
quality checks carried out by supervisors and managers. Specific additional
checks on higher-risk work may also be implemented.
 Carrying out routine checks from time to time will be performed to remind
everyone that health and safety matters!

Preventing Fire
 use less-easily ignited and fewer flammable materials, eg use water-based or
low-solvent adhesives and paint;
 keep the quantity of flammables at the workplace to a minimum.
 always keep and carry flammable liquids in suitable closed containers.
 if work involving the use of flammable materials is being carried out, stop
people smoking and don’t allow other work activities involving potential
ignition sources to take place nearby. For example, if floor coverings are
being laid using solvent-based adhesives, don’t allow soldering of pipes at
the same time;
 ensure that pipes, barrels, tanks etc which may have contained flammable
gases or liquids are purged or otherwise made safe before using hot cutting
equipment, such as a cutting torch or angle grinder. A pipe or container may
appear to be empty, but can contain enough material on its sides, or within
rust or other sediments, to produce a flammable or explosive atmosphere
within it when heated or disturbed. Specialist advice may be required;
 close valves on gas cylinders when not in use
 prevent oil or grease coming into contact with oxygen cylinder valves
 do not leave bitumen boilers unattended when alight
 store flammable solids, liquids and gases safely. Separate them from each
other and from oxygen cylinders or oxidizing materials. Keep them in
ventilated secure stores or an outdoor storage area. Do not store them in or
under occupied work areas or where they could obstruct or endanger escape
routes;
 have an extinguisher to hand when doing hot work such as welding or using a
disc cutter that produces sparks;
 check the site at lunch time and at the end of the day to see that all plant
and equipment that could cause a fire is turned off. Stop hot working an hour
before people go home, as this will allow more time for smoldering fires to be
identified; and
 provide closed metal containers to collect rubbish and remove them from the
site regularly. Collect highly flammable waste such as solvent-soaked rags
separately in closed fire-resisting containers.

Lighting
 Every part of the site that is in use should, as far as possible, be arranged so
that natural light is available for people to see to do their work and move
about the site safely. Where natural light is inadequate or not available,
artificial lighting should be provided.
 Where work will continue outside daylight hours or the building or structure is
enclosed, artificial lighting will be required. Make sure that any artificial
lighting does not change the apparent color or visibility of any safety signs or
other safety-related items such as fire extinguishers.
 With both daylight and artificial light, shadows can obscure hazards both at
the workplace (eg making it difficult to see the blade of a cutting disc or a
drill bit) and on the site generally (eg at stairwells). If necessary, provide
extra lighting to illuminate shadow areas.
 Where failure of the primary artificial lighting would be a risk to the health or
safety of anyone (eg someone working on a tower scaffold in a basement
may fall while trying to descend in the dark), provide emergency lighting.
Where it is not possible to have lighting that comes on automatically when
 the primary lighting fails, torches or other similar lights may provide suitable
lighting.

D. Quality Assurances
GROUP ACTIONS SPECIFIC ACTIONS

Complete Set of Availability of Architectural Drawing,

Working Drawing Structural Drawing, Sanitary
Drawing, Electrical Drawing,
Mechanical Drawing and All
other necessary Detail
Drawings

Assessment of land Has to be Natural or Filled

 done

Information on Water Bodies Depth of Water Level &

Seasonal Variation

Information on Earthquake Identifying Seismic Zone of the

Site

Has the provision been Flood, Windstorm, Earthquake,

incorporated into the project Landslide and other hazards
planning, design, and
development to protect lives
and properties from damages
caused by natural hazards
GENERAL
Has the field laboratory been set
up at site to take up testing of
construction materials?

Are the safety measures such as excavation, centering

pertaining to construction works and shuttering, trenching,
followed by a governed by blasting, demolition, electric
relevant safety codes and the connections, scaffolds, ladders,
direction of Engineer-in-Charge? working platforms, gangway,
mixing of bituminous materials,
electric and gas welding, use of
hoisting and construction
machinery

Are personal safety equipment Safety Glasses, Gloves, Safety

being used as prescribed for Shoes, Hard Hats
each job?
Dimensional Accuracy of  Bearing Capacity of Soil
Layout  Soil Composition
 Incidence of Termites
in the Area
Proper Level of Excavation
Earthworks Foundation
Chemicals for Anti-Termite (If
Carried Out) Confirmed to
relevant Standard

Proper backfill in Foundation

has to be done in layers and
consolidation

Testing of Ingredient materials Water, Cement, Sand , Coarse

 Aggregate, Steel

Cement will properly be stored

dry shed stacked above ground
level & Covered with Plastic
Sheets

Concrete Mix Design will be

done

Formwork will properly be

designed

Formwork correctly done with

proper levels and alignment

Formwork will be neatly be

cleaned and oiled

Reinforcement placed and

checked according to Structural
Drawings
Plain & Reinforced
Spacing of hooks and overlaps
Concrete be checked. Laps will be
staggered

Proper gauge of binding wire

will be used by tightening of
bars with stirrups and crossing
bars.

Minimum cover as per code will

be maintained for concrete
structures.

The right proportion of

Admixture will be used (if Used)

skilled masons and concrete

crew will be assigned be ready
for the works.

Testing of materials Dimension, Water Absorption,

Compressive Strength,
Efflorescence… etc

Center line of Masonry Unit as

per Architectural Drawing
 Soaking of Concrete Masonry
Unit in water before use for
Concrete Masonry sufficient period

Units Height of Masonry Unit Height

will be inspected the progress
restriction.

Thickness of joints for Concrete

Masonry Unit will be kept in
1cm.

Mortar will be of approved mix,

with in maximum permissible
water cement ratio.

Testing of the Material  Water Absorption

 Compressive Strength
Making sure the stone is hard,
sound , durable and free from
weathering decay & defects like
cavities, cracks, flows, sand
Stone Masonry Work holes, injurious veins, patches of
loose or soft materials etc.

The thickness of the mortar

joints between two faces will
not more than the
recommended value.

Steel will be tested for its Ultimate tensile Stress

Proof Stress

Making Sure steel section is free

from cracks, surface falws,
laminations, rough and
imperfect edges and all toher
harmful defects.
Steel Works
Steel Section shall be free from
excessive rust, scaling and
pitting etc.

A proper type of welding is used

for built-up section
 Welding size and quality of weld
is proper

Fabrication work is done as per

drawings, design and
specification

Testing of the Material Compressive Strength

Water Absorption

Abrasion Test

Transverse Strength

Chemical Resistance test

Impact Strength

Proper mix of Concrete will be

used.

Cement Screed will be laid in

required thickness and slope
Finishing Work
Flooring work to start from
farthest point to nearest point
with respect to entry point /
batching or mixing plant

Sub surface will properly be

roughened and cleaned with
steel wire brush before laying
the top layer of flooring.

Sufficient water curing will be

done for specified period

Patterns will be as per the

specified or schedule.

Coloring pigment to match the

shade of tile in desired ratio will
be mixed in the mortar to fill the
joints as necessary.

It will be done as per relevant

standard specification
Waterproofing works The work will be carried with
qualified special sub contractor
 Scaffolding will be used to walls
that have high elevation facades
or suspended level.

Loose mortar & Dust will

properly be brushed out.

Efflorescence will be removed

by scraping & Brushing
Plastering
The surface for plastering will be
cleaned with water and wet
before the commencement of
plastering work

Curing of plaster will be done at

least for 7 days from its
application

E. Quality Management
Quality Control is defined as a process which exercises various checks at different
stages of a work right from its inception till its acceptance, to put it in service to
ensure that the work has been properly designed and constructed as per approved
designs, drawings and specifications.
Confirmatory Testing is defined as the sampling and testing which is carried out
independent of quality control sampling and testing to confirm that the contractor’s
results which have been reported are correct and representative, with statistical
parameters of the material being produced / processed.
Acceptance is defined as those operations, inspections, sampling and accepting
the tests that are conducted to determine whether the product or service will be
accepted for use and payment. Acceptance is determined using a statistically based
acceptance plan in construction with assurance that the contractor has fulfilled the
quality control obligations. Acceptance is the responsibility of the Engineer.

structure of quality system, the lines of low level documents shall be consistent with
requirement of high level documents.
These documents are may be prepared and submitted separately, if necessary
Two types of methods will be implemented for exercising quality control during the
construction of works:
1. Process Control – Decision is taken regarding the type of equipment, the
procedure of construction and the amount of work required obtaining the desired
result.
2. End Result Control – The construction agency has a free hand in selection of
construction methods and equipment to achieve the desired end product.
The nature and type of job may demands for a combination of both for the types of
control.
The basic concept for production of a quality work is illustrated in the model below:

The
main
inputs
are
labour,
Material, Machineries, Money and Time. The materials, their qualities and
acceptable dimension limits for their use. Process control specifications are
incorporated in the contract documents. These specify the functional requirements
of the machinery and or equipment to be used in the production process. The other
inputs i.e. money and time, are normally established by the Contractor.

The periodic checks during manufacturing process are carried out as laid down in
the Contract documents and the codes mentioned therein jointly by the
Construction Contractor and the Construction Supervision Consultant. The
application of these three activities would nearly assure a quality product at the
end.