UMGUNGUNDLOVU DISTRICT

GRADE 10

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

JUNE COMMON TEST

2024

MARKS: 150

TIME: 2½ hours

This question paper consists of 13 pages.

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of TWO sections, namely SECTION A and

SECTION B.

2. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK.

3. Start EACH question on a NEW page.

4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.

5. You may use a non-programmable calculator.

6. Show all your calculations, including formulae, where applicable.

7. Write neatly and legibly.

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SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
number (1.1.1–1.1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.11 A.

1.1.1 The group of individuals of the same species refers to:

A Community
B Population
C Ecology
D Ecosystem

1.1.2 The region of the earth surface and the atmosphere where living
organisms exist:

A Biosphere
B Lithosphere
C Habitat
D Exosphere

1.1.3 The study of living organisms in relation to each other and their
environment:

A Ecosystem
B Community
C Agro-ecosystem
D Ecology

1.1.4 Large communities of plants and animals that exist in a particular

area:

A Community
B Society
C Biomes
D Species

1.1.5 The number of animals kept in specific area is called:

A The stocking rate

B The grazing capacity
C Selective grazing
D The grazing capacity (5x2) (10)

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1.1.6 A liquid rock that exists deep below the surface of the earth:

A Magma
B Igneous
C Sedimentary
D Metamorphic

1.1.7 The release of harmful substances into the environment:

A Purity
B Pollution
C Recycling
D Hydration

1.1.8 Alternating the crops grown in a field each growing season:

A Hydroponics
B Monoculture
C Monocropping
D Crop rotation

1.1.9 Natural water Act refers to:

A Control, prevention and dealing with accidental fires

B Sustainable use of natural resources
C Forest management and control
D Proper sharing management of water resources

1.1.10 The solid shell of the earth:

A Stratosphere
B Biosphere
C Lithosphere
D Atmosphere (10x2) (20)

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1.2 Indicate whether each of the descriptions in COLUMN B applies to A ONLY,
B ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN A. Write A only,
B only, both A and B or none next to the question number (1.2.1–1.2.5) in
the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.2.6 B only.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
A: Carbon
1.2.1 Lightning plays a role in fixing it in the soil
B: Nitrogen
A: Producers
1.2.2 Are examples of biotic factors
B: Consumers
A: First
1.2.3 This trophic level contains the most energy
B: Second
A: Livestock
1.2.4 Abiotic factors
B: Vegetation
A: El Niño Sea surface temperatures in the equatorial
1.2.5
B: La Niña Pacific become cooler than normal

(5 x 2) (10)

1.3 Give ONE word/term for EACH of the following descriptions. Write only the
word/term next to the question number (1.3.1–1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.3.1 Growing of a single crop in a particular area.

1.3.2 The association of two different organisms.

1.3.3 A plant used for food and as a soil improving crop.

1.3.4 A diagram that shows the trophic levels in an ecosystem.

1.3.5 Interaction between organisms, in the same area, that utilise the same
resource. (5 x 2) (10)

1.4 Change the UNDERLINED WORD in EACH of the following statements to

make them TRUE. Write only the answer next to the question numbers (1.4.1
to 1.4.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.4.1 Herbicides are poisons that are used to kill weed and insects.

1.4.2 Non-renewable resources are resources that can be replaced.

1.4.3 Mother rocks are solid inorganic substances that are found in rocks
and in the soil.

1.4.4 Fertilization is when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces.

1.4.5 Reduction is a chemical reaction in which oxygen is gained and

hydrogen is lost. (5 x (5)
1)

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TOTAL SECTION A: 45
SECTION B

QUESTION 2: AGRO-ECOLOGY AND AGRI-INDUSTRY

Start this question on a NEW page.

2.1 The diagram below shows the interaction amongst organisms

D
E

2.1.1 Provide a suitable name for the diagram above (1)

2.1.2 Indicate the letters representing the following:

a) Primary consumer
b) Producers
c) Decomposers (3)

2.1.3 State the letter that represents the predator (1)

2.1.4 Name TWO biotic factors in the diagram above (2)

2.1.5 Identify the letter that illustrates the original source of energy (1)

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2.2 The diagram below shows physiographic factors.

C
D
A B

2.2.1 Indicate the letters representing the following:

a) Southern slope
b) Colder surface
c) Northern slope (3)

2.2.2 Define the word slope. (2)

2.2.3 Name TWO climatic factors in an ecosystem. (2)

2.2.4 Describe the temperature at C. (2)

2.3 Living organisms in an ecosystem depend on one another for their food supply
and survival.

Mutualism, parasitism, commensalism

Choose the term from the list above that match the following description

2.3.1 One partner benefit from the relationship and the other organism is (1)
harmed.

2.3.2 Two organisms live together to the benefit of one organism, but the (1)
other organism is not harmed.

2.3.3 Two organisms live together to the benefit of each other. (1)

2.4 Ecological farming systems focus on the application of ecological principles to

farming.

2.4.1 Give another name for ecological farming. (1)

2.4.2 Name FOUR main types of ecological farming. (4)

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2.5 Agriculture has played a key role in the development of human civilisation. At
first the farmers produced enough food to feed their families, with the small
portion of extra food used for bartering. Most of the work was done by hand or
animals.

Picture A Picture B

2.5.1 Choose the picture above that is associated with the following:
a) Commercial farming
b) Subsistence farming (2)

2.5.2 Name other animals that were used for ploughing in the past than
the ones on picture A. (1)

2.6 Developing secondary industries is a natural process in meeting the demand

of communities.

2.6.1 Identify the raw material that is used to produce wine. (1)

2.7 The breakfast is the most important meal of the day. The food that your family
eats for breakfast includes the following:

Food type Price

6 eggs @ R5,50 per dozen
Half of a carton of cornflakes @ R12,50 per carton
2 litres of UHT milk @ R12,50 per litre

2.7.1 Calculate the total cost of the food consumed at breakfast. (4)

2.7.2 Calculate the total cost of the processed food consumed. (2)

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QUESTION 3: SUISTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCES UTILISATION

Start this question on a NEW page.

3.1 Study the pictures below and answer questions thereafter.

PICTURE A PICTURE B PICTURE C

PICTURE D PICTURE E PICTURE F

3.1.1 Name the picture that represents the following:

a) Field crop
b) Labour
c) Harvesting
d) Chemicals
e) Machine
f) livestock (6)

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3.2 Read the case study about the farm in KwaZulu-Natal and answer questions
thereafter

A grade 10 class visited a farm in KwaZulu-Natal coastal grasslands. The farmer

mainly farms sugarcane and cattle. The fields are cultivated pastures of sweet
grasses and Lucerne. Indigenous and alien trees grow on the riverbanks. For a
high sugarcane yield, the farmer sprays pesticides to protect the leaves against
pests. The farmer uses wind energy to drive pumps that water to irrigate the
sugarcane fields and pastures. He keeps some of his cattle in feedlots and sells
them once they reach a live mass of 450kg. the farmer uses the manure from
the feedlots to fertilise the cultivated pastures on the riverbanks and sugarcane
fields. The soil is a deep, fertile, sandy loam soil and the farmer tests the salt
content of the soil every year.

3.2.1 Name TWO natural renewable resources used by the farmer. (2)

3.2.2 Describe TWO ways the farmer uses to sustain the natural renewable
resources in QUESTION 3.2.1. (2)

3.2.3 Identify one farming practice that a farmer is using that has a negative
effect on the environment. (1)

3.2.4 Suggest an alternative, more environmentally friendly practice to the

one that you named in question 3.2.3 above. (1)

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3.3 Soil conservation and management

Picture A Picture B

Salt
content

3.3.1 Name the phenomenon that is illustrated in the pictures above (1)

3.3.2 Choose the picture from (A and B) that illustrates the following:
a) Salination
b) Erosion (2)

3.3.3 Define the phenomenon named in QUESTION 3.3.1 (2)

3.3.4 Name THREE types of the phenomenon named in QUESTION 3.3.1 (3)

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3.4 The pie chart below shows the water use in South Africa

Water use in South africa

Rural area
Industries 5%
6%

Urban area
27% Irrigation for
Agriculture
62%

3.4.1 Study the pie chart above and name the water use percentage of
the following aspects:
a) Irrigation for agriculture
b) Rural area
c) Industries
d) Urban area (4)

3.4.2 Give TWO main sources of water for Agriculture (2)

3.4.2 State THREE characteristics that determine water quality (3)

3.5 The table below shows contributors to water pollution

Contributors Water pollution (%)

Pesticides 10
Fertilser 50
Sediments 10
Household waste 30

3.5.1 Draw a bar graph to show the percentages of contributors to water

pollution (6)

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QUESTION 4: MINERALS AND ROCK FORMATION

Start this question on a NEW page.

4.1 The table below shows examples of primary and secondary minerals

Quartz, goethite, feldspars, haematite, biotite,

kaolinite, muscovite, vermiculate

4.1.1 Classify the minerals above into primary and secondary minerals in
a table form (8)

4.1.2 Explain the difference between primary and secondary minerals (2)

4.2 Below is the list of characteristics that are used in identification of minerals

 Colour
 Transparency
 Lustre
 Tenacity
 Cleavage
 Streak

4.2.1 Choose the characteristic from list above that match the explanation
below:
a) Breakage of a mineral along planes of weakness in the crystal
structure
b) The way the mineral’s surface interacts with light
c) Visible light spectrum radiation reflected from a mineral varies
d) The toughness of the mineral
e) Colour of the mineral when it is powdered
f) The mineral’s ability to transmit light (6)

4.2.2 Name TWO secondary minerals that are a composition of Agricultural

lime (2)

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4.3 The diagram below shows the rock cycle

4.3.1 Name the type of rocks labelled A, B and C in the diagram above (3)

4.3.2 Briefly explain how rocks labelled A and B are formed (2)

4.3.3 Evaluate the sustainability of soils formed from rock C for the
cultivation of deep-rooted crops. (1)

4.3.4 Motivate the answer given to QUESTION 4.3.3 by providing TWO (2)
reasons

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4.4 The pictures below show certain types of weathering

Picture A Picture B

4.4.1 Name the type of weathering in picture A and B (2)

4.4.2 Motivate the answer given to QUESTION 4.4.1 (2)

4.4.3 State another type of weathering not named in QUESTION 4.4.1 (1)

4.4.4 Explain the difference between hydrolysis and carbonation (2)

4.5 The picture below shows weathering by soil organism

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4.5.1 Name the soil organism labelled A in the picture above (1)

4.5.2 Explain the role of the organism labelled A in soil formation (1)

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TOTAL SECTION B: 105
GRAND TOTAL: 150

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